Complex Technical System Research Articles

Failure probability Forecasting for the warning and evacuation management system in case of fire

This article discusses the issue of fire safety insurance in educational institutions based on warning and fire evacuation control systems reliability modeling and forecasting. It was shown that these institutions are need of warning and evacuation management systems. To identify failures of individual elements of a complex technical system, failures were monitored during a selected period. When using the calculation method, the probability of trouble-free operation of the elements of the equipment system was identified. Based on the statistical data, schemes of the probability of failure-free operation of the warning and evacuation management systems were constructed and failure probabilities were determined. Ways to increase the level of trouble-free operation were identified. The requirements for security systems to maintain the required level were considered. They include compliance with the international fire safety standards, regular checks of systems operability, employees training to react to signals triggered by a fire alarm, and evacuation. The high efficiency of the methodology for determining the probabilities of trouble-free operation of the system at various stages of facility design and commissioning was emphasized. The contribution of the methodology to the general calculation of fire risks was shown.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ КОРПОРАТИВНОЇ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ БІЗНЕСУ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ

The digital economy is proposed to be understood as: a type of economy characterized by the active implementation and practical use of digital technologies for the collection, storage, processing, transformation and transmission of information in all spheres of human activity; a complex system of socio-economic and organizational-technical relations based on the use of digital information and telecommunication technologies; a complex organizational and technical system in the form of a set of various elements (technical, infrastructural, organizational, programmatic, regulatory, legislative, etc.) with distributed interaction and mutual use by economic agents for the exchange of knowledge in conditions of permanent development. It was determined that modern processes of informatization and digitization call for the transformation of the traditional system of relationships in society at all levels of economic management, affecting all spheres - from production to finance. More and more relationships between counterparties take place in a virtual environment, the arrays of information that are needed to make appropriate management decisions are increasing, which involves the use of modern end-to-end digital technologies. The digital transformation of the economic system of domestic regions is associated with a number of problems, which we present in the form of destabilizing factors that can cause threats to economic security and lead to a violation of the stability of the region's economic security system. It has been established that the process of managing destabilizing factors in the conditions of systematization of digital development challenges is a series of interconnected stages that follow from each other: monitoring of factors affecting the process of digital transformation of regional economic systems based on methods of analyzing the external and internal environment; establishing a relationship between the challenges of digital transformation of the regional economy, regional development priorities and economic security of the region; assessment of the probability of the occurrence of risk events and their consequences from the standpoint of the dynamics of indicators characterizing the level of economic security of the region; determining the possibility of eliminating the influence of destabilizing factors and determining the necessary amount of financial resources in value terms; drawing up a map of preventive measures in the field of reducing the consequences of digital development threats and increasing the level of economic security of the region; adjustment of the map of preventive measures due to the occurrence of unforeseen destabilizing factors and macroeconomic shocks. Keywords: destabilizing factors, economic security, economic systems, region, digital transformation

The role of effective communication and collective intelligence in digital transformation of a company

The subject of the study is the role of effective communications and the mechanism of meaning emergence in the collective mind of a complex commercial social and technical system. We have synthesized the provisions of traditionally studied separately spheres of knowledge such as the communication theory, collective intelligence, corporate culture management, and motivation theory in the context of digital transformation of companies. The analysis of these concepts together provides a deeper understanding of the knowledge acquisition processes necessary to improve digital transformation effectiveness. The paper formulates the effective communication management principles that contribute to tacit knowledge identification and its successful formalization. We have proposed a distinction of related terms such as data, information, knowledge, understanding, wisdom, and vision. The applied nature of the study is to deepen the understanding of the mechanism of innovative ideas emergence and to propose measures to minimize the risks of managing the communication system in organizations. The following approaches have been considered: values management, emotional intelligence development, decision-making routes and motivation mechanisms personalization, communication formats specification. The article may be useful for researchers whose interests include innovative trends in management, entrepreneurial activity development and enterprises digitalization effectiveness. The study results may be useful for managerial practitioners who develop and implement strategies for enterprises innovative development.

Determination of a total and partial operational readiness for a complex technical system on the example of a mobile medical module

The article presents a proposal for a method to determine a total and partial operational readiness for a mobile medical module as a complex technical system. A new approach to determine the readiness factor characterizing the functional readiness of a complex technical system is proposed as parameter not only for the system in a state of full usability, but also in states of partial usability enabling the performance of selected functions required by the user. The communication system is discussed as the main system determining the operation of the mobile medical module. Markov chain modeling (expanded into semi-Markov chains) was used to determine the value of the readiness factor of this system. Due to the structural complexity of the mobile medical module (carrier platform, drive, basic and additional avionics equipment and basic and extended medical equipment), a total and partial operational readiness can be determined for a simple object (in a simplified version as full) or a complex system (as a total and partial).

Determination of reliability for a complex technical system on the example of a mobile medical module

The article presents a proposal for a method to determine a total and partial reliability for a mobile medical module as a complex technical system. The dedicated functions of such a module are to evacuate the wounded from the battlefield (in the basic version) and to ensure the maintenance of his vital functions and the performance of necessary medical procedures (in the extended version). Work on developing the concept or advanced construction of such modules using unmanned aerial vehicles as transport drones has been carried out for several years by many countries and aviation companies, including: DARPA agency (USA) and AFIT (Poland). Even though there is no fleet of such machines in Poland yet, this comes from experience in managing aircraft in the Armed Forces RP results from the need to simultaneously secure the operation of such modules in an IT support system using algorithms and mathematical relationships in determining a total and partial reliability . Due to the structural complexity of the mobile medical module (carrier platform, drive, basic and additional avionics equipment and basic and extended medical equipment), a total and partial reliability can be determined for a simple object (in a simplified reliability version as full) or a complex system (as a total and partial reliability).

Исследование дефектов опорных роликов листопередающей системы печатной машины

A printing press is a complex technical system that includes a large number of rotating parts (shafts, gears, etc.), including bearings and support rollers. The appearance of defects in bearing assemblies can lead to serious consequences, such as equipment failure and jamming of shafts, which will lead to a halt in production or the appearance of defective printed products. The purpose of the work was to study defects in the support roller of the gripper shaft, which is responsible for transferring the sheet inside the printing section. The defects of the outer ring of the support roller are considered in the article. With the help of a control and measuring machine, the changes that occur in its geometry are studied. The research was carried out on the new roller, as well as on the rollers that came out of operation, the changes that occur during operation were revealed. Also, with a tenfold increase, defects that occur on the surface of the ring that appeared during operation, such as abrasive wear, traces of fatigue, were studied.

Обоснование методов поиска принципов действия сложных технических систем и объектов

The design of technical systems is a complex process that requires taking into account many technical and engineering aspects. In modern conditions, problems arise in the development of complex technical systems and objects. To improve the quality of the designed systems and their economic feasibility can be achieved thanks to the operating principle model. The correct choice of the fundamental principles of the functioning of a technical system ensures the efficiency and quality of the management decision made. The principle of operation of a complex technical system is a sequence of actions that are based on certain physical effects that are necessary for the functioning of the system. When searching for optimal design solutions, it is necessary to consider various options for operating principles. Using a variety of physical effects, you can create different versions of the operating principles of complex technical systems and objects. One of the most famous methods for finding solutions is the morphological box method. The paper examines various ways to formalize the morphological box method and draws conclusions about the features of its application. The operating principle of a complex technical system is described, based on the concept of coupling of physical effects. The presented description of the set of technical solutions (tree of possible solutions), in contrast to the morphological box model, provides a complete hierarchical representation of the operating principle and allows us to identify feasible solutions using graph methods.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ АЛГОРИТМА НОРМИРОВАНИЯ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ НАДЕЖНОСТИ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ

Based on the analysis of the main factors influencing the reliability indicators of technical systems and ensuring their regulated performance, dependencies were formed to determine the extremum of economic efficiency indicators at a normalized value of the probability of failure-free operation. Based on an analysis of design, production and operation conditions, the parameters of the objective function were determined, including for restored objects. Regulation of reliability indicators was presented as a solution to a multifactor optimization problem. The problem of distributing requirements for the reliability of a complex technical system, consisting of statistically independent indicators of subsystems, was formulated as a conditional optimization problem. In relation to the regulation of reliability indicators and criteria for failures and limit states, factors were grouped according to the characteristics and internal indicators of the object of general classification characteristics, their stratification and ranking. The structure and procedure for preparing initial data was formed.

Розвиток інтелектуальних транспортних систем

The purpose of the article is to develop a refined methodology for the general design of a container terminal. The difference between the given design methodology and the existing ones is that a decision is proposed to change its throughput (annual container flow passing through it), without changing the dimensions of the container yard and the way containers are stored, that is, for the same capacity of the container yard. Such cases occur, for example, when it is necessary to reconstruct a container terminal. Cargo terminals for containers are a specific field of logistics and cargo delivery system, where cargo is processed in consolidated transport modules - containers.
 Considered the main stages of designing a container terminal as a complex stochastic technical system: setting the task (it should be a single one); selection and determination of elements of technological zones and the structure of the container terminal, as various connections between system elements; analysis of system functioning (including its modeling); account of interaction of the system with the environment; consideration of the results of the container transport and technological system and operation. It is determined that this general methodology can be used during the creation or analysis of any other transformation of a technical or social system that receives a stream of some objects with one set of parameters, processes it through its structure and outputs them from other parameters. This method of formalizing the functioning of the container terminal can be used for its calculations, modeling, research and optimization. In the processes of interaction with environmental systems, the container terminal passes from one state to another, which is characterized by the types and volume of technological operations that must be performed at a certain moment, cargo that must be stored, delivered to and from the terminal, assembled, sorted, business employee processes, forklifts, cranes and other equipment in use. The functioning of the container terminal (part of the warehouse system) as a procedure of transitions from one state to another can be represented in the form of a graph or transition probability matrix.

Удосконалення методики проєктування контейнерного терміналу

The purpose of the article is to develop a refined methodology for the general design of a container terminal. The difference between the proposed design methodology and the existing ones is that a solution is proposed to change its throughput (annual container flow passing through it), without changing the dimensions of the container yard and the way containers are stored, that is, with the same capacity of the container yard. Such cases occur, for example, when it is necessary to reconstruct a container terminal. Cargo terminals for containers are a specific area of logistics and cargo delivery systems, where cargo is processed in consolidated transport modules – containers. The main stages of analyzing or projecting a warehouse as a complex stochastic technical system should be considered: objective setting (it should be single); selection and determination of elements of technological areas and warehouse structure, as various connections between system elements; analyzing of system functioning (including its simulation); consideration of system interaction with surrounding environment; consideration of results of the warehouse system performance, and operation. It is interesting to point out that this general methodology can be used while creating or analyzing any other transformation of technical or social system, which receives a flow of some objects with one set of parameters, processes it through its structure, and gives them out with other values of parameters. 
 This method of formalizing the functioning of the container terminal can be used for its calculations, modeling, research and optimization. In the processes of interaction with environmental systems, the container terminal passes from one state to another, which are characterized by the types and volume of technological operations that must be performed at the moment, cargo that must be stored, delivered to and from the terminal, assembled, sorted, business employee processes, forklifts, cranes and other equipment in use. The functioning of the container terminal (part of the warehouse system) as a procedure of transitions from one state to another can be represented in the form of a graph or transition probability matrix.

A generalized indicator of the efficiency of the use of the spacecraft radar to solve the remote sensing of earth problems by synthesizing the aperture. Part 1. Methodological foundations

The importance of the article is determined by the following factors: the increasing use of spacecraft radars and, at the same time, the extension of the range of tasks to be solved for remote sensing of the Earth; using a wide range of orbits for the output of remote sensing radars of the spacecraft; a large number of parameters of the remote sensing radar of the spacecraft, which determines the purposive characteristics in accordance with the tasks to be solved; conflicting requirements for parameter values when solving various remote sensing tasks. Under these conditions, the substantiation of the parameters of the onboard radar of the spacecraft, as well as any complex technical system, is impossible without a generalized indicator that takes into account heterogeneous and often contradictory requirements for their values. The methodological basis for the formation of a generalized indicator of the effectiveness of the use of space radar is to take into account the main objective characteristics of the remote sensing spacecraft, including: the area of the observed surface of the Earth per unit of time (productivity); spatial resolution along and across the path line; radiometric sensitivity, radiometric resolution. Using the specified objective characteristics and variable indicators of the degree to which each of them is built, a generalized indicator of the efficiency of the spacecraft is formed in the form of multipliers. The number of multipliers is equal to the number of objective characteristics. The first and second factors represent a weighted ratio (taking into account the corresponding exponents) of the first and second objective characteristics and determine the geometric component of the received volume of radar information. The third and fourth factors determine the possibility of radar discrimination of objects on the ground in terms of their reflectivity and represent a weighted ratio of radiometric sensitivity and radiometric resolution. On the basis of the radar equation, taking into account the relationship of the parameters of the spacecraft radar with the objective characteristics, analytical relations are obtained linking the parameters of the space radar and a generalized indicator of the effectiveness of the use of the space-based radar for remote sensing of Earth. This makes it possible to determine the requirements for the main resources of the on-board radar complex, namely, the radiated power and dimensions of the antenna system of the on-board radar.

Optimal Management in the Operation of Complex Technical Systems

Developing a cost management system for a complex technical system (CTS) at the stages of its life cycle is a modern trend aimed at creating sustainable cooperation ties based on requirements, including those of manufacturers and consumers. The article explores the concept of a complex technical system. The principles and properties of a complex technical system were described. A model of a procedure for checking the operability of a complex technical system with an arbitrary distribution of the time of independent manifestation of a failure was proposed for the example of compressor station equipment. Models of operation of complex technical systems based on information about their state were considered. It was also shown how to optimize maintenance decisions for these systems in terms of the minimum average unit cost and how reliable this ensures. Additionally, proof of the existence of an optimal verification strategy was given. An algorithm for determining the moments of verification was developed to ensure the minimum cost. The methods of collecting, processing, and effectively using information for making decisions about the technical condition of complex products and the possibility of further exploitation were improved based on selecting informative diagnostic features and constructing models that comprehensively consider the maximum and current level of their parameters. This allowed for the quality of the final products to be ensured. The practical use of the proposed methods of diagnosis and forecasting made it possible to increase the actual CTS resource by 1.5–2.0 times. This also increased the productivity of the technological process by 1.6 times due to the reduction of the number of stops for maintenance for replacement, adjustments, and sub-adjustments. As a result, the value of the lack of basic production was reduced from 1.2 % to 0.8 %, and the cost of manufacturing products was decreased by 1.2–2.0 times.

A mathematical model of the process of functioning of an unattended complex technical system under conditions of high-power electromagnetic influence

Problem statement. The existing mathematical models of the functioning of maintenance-free complex technical systems (STS) have a narrow focus on the types of degrading effects, and do not allow a comprehensive assessment of the quality of the functioning of the NSTS under the influence of high-power electromagnetic radiation. The purpose of the work. To propose a mathematical model of the STS functioning process under conditions of high-power electromagnetic influence. Results. The author's view on the improvement of existing mathematical models of the NSTS functioning process under conditions of high-power electromagnetic influence is presented. A mathematical model of the functioning process has been developed. Practical significance. The developed mathematical model based on the generalization of experimental data on the resistance of semiconductor elements to EMV BM and models of analytical description of the mechanisms of action allows us to obtain computational and experimental dependences of the criterion levels of resistance of functional elements (FE) of NSTS on the parameters of EMV BM. What is new is the use in assessing the criteria levels of resistance, along with the duration and rate of front rise, the frequency of EMR repetition under repeated exposures, as well as taking into account third-party EMR of natural origin.

Specific features of improving automobile road complex of the Republic of Uzbekistan

Automobile and Road Complex (ARC) is a complex technical and economic system, including means of transport (automobile transport) and communications (automobile roads), united by a single goal - to provide constant safe transport of goods and people with maximum efficiency. The term “ARC” [1, 2] more objectively reflects the essence of the efficient transport process carried out by vehicles on roads. It emphasises the equivalence of the contribution of vehicles and roads to a single transport process. The problem of the efficiency of the ARC function is not only of terminological significance, but also touches on the issues of improving the efficiency of the road and motorway economy as a whole.

Path Planning Method for Solving Implicit Contradiction for Complex Technical System

Path Planning Method for Solving Implicit Contradiction for Complex Technical System

The method of multi-criteria selection of the optimal variant of the information protection system for the information and communication system of the enterprise

The development of any complex technical system is usually associated with solving an optimization problem. In the case of designing an information protection system for an information and communication system of an enterprise, it is a search for the optimal variant of a set of protection means from the entire set of possible ones. Like any complex system, the information protection system of the information and communication system of the enterprise is characterized by a set of performance indicators that characterize the protection system from the point of view of countermeasures: the intrusion of intruders into the system; threats to confidentiality, integrity and availability of information; malicious software, etc. The article considers the method of multi-criteria selection of the optimal version of the information protection system for the information and communication system of the enterprise. 5 approaches to choosing the architecture of a complex system are offered. The approaches under consideration are illustrated on a model example of choosing one of the four options for the information protection system of the information and communication system of the enterprise. A simple and fairly visual method of choosing the optimal variant of the information protection system for the information and communication system of the enterprise from a set of possible options is proposed. This method allows you to solve the problem directly on the set of quality indicators without collapsing the criteria into a complex indicator. The prospects for the development of the proposed method are its improvement in order to realize the possibility of giving preference to certain criteria.

THE PLACE OF INSULATION COATINGS IN ENSURING RELIABILITY STEEL UNDERGROUND GAS PIPELINES

The article examines the issue of the place and role of insulating coatings in ensuring the reliability of steel underground gas pipelines. It has been shown that insulation is the main, basic means of protection against corrosion. A reliability model has been proposed for a linear section of a steel underground gas pipeline as a complex technical system consisting of unequal elements: a steel pipe as the main element that determines the operability/inoperability state of the system, and auxiliary protective elements – insulation and electrochemical protection, which reduce the level of corrosive effects of soil on the main element. This increases the degree of similarity of the reliability model to a real technical object, and also makes it possible to build a hierarchical structure of faults of various elements, taking into account their impact on the overall technical condition of the gas pipeline. It is proposed to consider its integrity as the determining physical parameter of the protective coating; the degree of preservation (loss) of integrity and the onset of the limiting state of the insulation should be assessed by the number (density) of defects.

Побудова архітектури мультиагентного середовища імітаційної моделі процесу ціноутворення на ринку електроенергії

The question of building the architecture of the multi-agent environment of the simulation model of the pricing process, as a space of heterogeneous interconnected organizational, infor-mational, technological and economic interactions of the simulated agents of the pricing pro-cess, is considered.Using the example of a complex organizational and technical system (COTS) of the electricity micro-market in local electric power systems, the set of agents sur-rounding them and ensuring the vital activity of the COTS of pricing is formalized, consisting of classified internal agents and environmental agents with a definition of their functional pur-pose. It was established that a set of partially observable influence factors of subjects of the electricity micro-market external environment are additionally formalized in the multi-agent pricing system as communication agents with stochastic, dynamic. but with discrete fixation of distinct states of observation processes in this environment. As a result, the simulation model of the pricing process is presented as a heterogeneous distributed multi-agent system.

Основні питання створення моделі процесу технічної експлуатації повітряного судна військового призначення

The subject of the research in this article is the creation of a mathematical model of the process of technical operation (PTO) of a military aircraft in the system of information support for the operation of an aircraft. The aircraft is a complex technical system that includes many systems, subsystems, and elements for reliable and error-free functioning, which require constant monitoring of its technical condition to determine the possibility of its intended use. It is proposed to promote PTO in the system of information support for the operation of aircraft operating in real time and to create a mathematical model of the process. We will construct a graph of states and transitions using the transition matrix to describe the PTO of a military aircraft. The purpose of this study is to create a mathematical model of the PTO of a military aircraft in a system of information support for the operation of the aircraft operating on a real time scale. The task: to determine the role and advantage of using the mathematical model of the PTE of a military aircraft in the information support system for the operation of a CMMS-type aircraft operating in real time for its use in forecasting and managing the effectiveness of the PTE. The scientific and practical novelty of the obtained results is as follows: the advantages of the PTE mathematical model of a military aircraft in the CMMS-type aircraft operation information support system, which works in real time before the PTO model by resource and the model when decisions are made at the moment, have been determined state changes. The conclusion of this study is that the use of the proposed PTO model will allow us to evaluate complex reliability indicators in real time, that is, continuously. The considered PTO model of a military aircraft considers all the features of military aircraft operation at the current stage. This allows us to assume the possibility of its use for the entire aircraft fleet of the Air Force Base of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

A comparative analysis of the methods of evaluating dependability using Big Data of complex system operation

Aim. The paper aims to research the methods of evaluating dependability indicators based on the analysis of Big Data obtained in the course of monitoring the operation of technical systems and their components. A comparative analysis is performed of the efficiency of robust statistical methods of evaluating the dependability indicators of complex technical systems based on operation data.Methods. The paper uses methods of mathematical statistics, specifically robust methods of evaluating the translation parameter of a noisy sample and numerical methods of statistical modeling. The authors consider five methods of evaluating the translation parameter: sample mean as a nonrobust method used for comparison; sample median as the simplest robust method of evaluating the translation parameter; two-stage evaluation procedure with truncation of outliers according to the three sigma rule; two-stage evaluation procedure with truncation of outliers using Tukey’s box-and-whisker plot; Huber’s robust method. The comparative analysis of the methods of evaluating system dependability indicators was conducted by means of statistical modeling in the R statistical computation package. Five distribution laws for generating an element’s time-to-failure and recovery time samples were considered: exponential distribution, Weibull distribution, log-normal distribution, gamma distribution and uniform distribution.Results. Statistical analysis of Big Data associated with the operation of technical systems is complicated by the heterogeneity and noisiness of such data, as well as the presence of errors and outliers of varied nature. That is primarily due to the varied loads and operating conditions of each object. Herein this problem is examined as regards the problem of evaluating the dependability indicators of a structurally complex monotonic system with independent element recovery. The paper examines methods of rejecting anomalous data and robust evaluation of the sample position parameter and performs a comparative analysis of the efficiency of such methods for various distribution laws. It is shown that robust methods of evaluation enable significantly higher accuracy as compared to the standard sample mean. The two-stage procedure based on the truncation of outliers and Tukey’s box-and-whisker plot proved to be the most efficient.Conclusions. The paper’s findings allow improving the accuracy of evaluation of dependability indicators based on complex technical system operation data. They can be used in Big Data processing and complex system dependability theory.