Complex Socio-economic Systems Research Articles

An Analysis of Resilience in Complex Socioeconomic Systems

The notion of resilience originated in the ecology literature in the modern or post-World War II era. Even so, this term has now found widespread use in the social sciences in general and in regional science in particular. Although this expansion in the use of resilience is welcome, it is important to recognize that there is some ambiguity and confusion in the extant regional science literature about foundational issues and hence also about the nature of policy when resilience is a factor to contend with. Given this state of affairs, in this chapter, we provide a detailed discussion of three foundational and two policy related issues concerning the use of resilience in regional science. The three foundational issues are about definitions, whether resilience is a process, and whether resilience is always a good thing. The two policy issues concern multiple stable states and the connection between the twin notions of resilience and sustainability. The chapter concludes with some retrospective and prospective remarks.

АНАЛІЗ ФАКТОРІВ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ РЕГІОНУ

Factors that have the most significant impact on the innovative development of the regions of Ukraine were identifies in the article, taking into account the current trends of globalization and regionalization. The region is a complex socio-economic system. Its functioning determined by external environment factors. Moreover, these factors determine the opportunities and prospects of the regional further development. Nowadays the sustainable development of the region, the regional economic complex and economic entities possible only with sufficient resourcing and the implementation of various kinds of innovations. This requires adoption of the latest tools and effective management of all aspects of economic activity, creating opportunities for innovation. The assessment of the innovation development factors for region made based on the systemic and evolution approaches. The general analysis of the trends in the innovative development of the regions of Ukraine, carried out in the article, indicates significant regional differentiation and downward dynamics indicators (namely, the number of performers of scientific and scientific-technical works and the number of innovatively active enterprises) However, the number of implemented innovative technological processes increased. The construction of a matrix of connections between factors of regional innovation and resource clusters carried out using the method of Quality Function Deployment. Data, obtained as a result of the analysis of the factors of innovative development of the region, grounded that substantiate the strategic importance of information and technological clusters of resources for ensuring such development, as well as the competitiveness of the region in conditions of permanent dynamic changes in the external environment. Besides, innovative development as an effective direction for modernizing the economic complex of the region. It should be carried out based on mobilizing endogenous factors – the available internal resources, among which clusters of information and technological resources are the most significant.

Management models for complex socioeconomic systems

The article describes the management model of complex socioeconomic systems, based on the synthesis of information that characterizes economic systems. To summarize the information, it is proposed to use the Rasch model for estimating latent variables. The management structure of complex economic systems is considered on the basis of generalization of system indicators according to the Rasch model. The mathematical basis for solving the problem is described, including taking into account the importance of the criteria. The case is considered when the values of indicators of the economic system are obtained from a variety of information sources. The results of computational experiments are presented, which allow analyzing the main properties of estimates of generalized indicators of economic systems. Computational experiments have shown that estimates of generalized indicators of objects are measured on a linear scale, are highly accurate and resistant to changes in the source data.

МОДЕЛІ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ ПІДТРИМКИ ПОВНИХ ЛАНЦЮГІВ ПОСТАЧАННЯ

The article proposes an approach to solving economic and social problems, which consists in the development of methodological foundations for the construction of logistics processes. The object of the research is the information support processes for complete supply chains. The purpose of the work is to increase the efficiency of the functioning of complete supply chains by creating information technology for the management of material flows within the supply chain. The research method is a systematic approach. The typical object here is the complete supply chain (CSC) of goods, it is a complex socio-economic system that consists of a large number of raw material suppliers, target enterprise (processing and packaging), warehouse terminals, distributors, customs brokers, 3PL and 4PL suppliers, retailers ... The interaction between CSC participants is a collection of continuous material, financial and information flows and services, from sources of raw materials to the final consumer. The value of the study for solving economic and social problems lies in the development of methodological foundations for the construction of logistics processes. Predictive assumptions for the development of the research object - using the proposed approaches and methods of informatization, it is possible to increase the efficiency of CSC functioning, simplify organizational management structures and create better conditions for awareness. KEY WORDS: SYSTEM APPROACH, FULL SUPPLY CHAIN, DYNAMIC SYSTEM.

Visualization of the sustainable development model of the green core of the agglomeration: the neogeography of the Chelyabinsk urban pine forest

In the study on building a model of spatial development, the issues of problem-oriented zoning of territories, transformation of the settlement framework, integration of the most significant objects of social transformations are considered. Such objects in the heterogeneous social Eurasian space are, first of all, the zones of agglomerations. Taking into account the regional specifics when identifying a heterogeneous set of key spatial objects, the main provisions of the spatial development of the territory as a complex multi-level socio-economic system are determined. The solution to the issues of strategic planning of such systems is associated with the problematic adaptation of visualization technologies, the joint use of a special format of cartographic and digital information. The main research results create the prerequisites for a significant expansion of the number of tasks of managing regional and municipal development of the natural and ecological framework.

Europe's cross-border trade, human security and financial connections: A climate risk perspective

As the impacts of climate change begin to take hold, increased attention is being paid to the consequences that might occur remotely from the location of the initial climatic impact, where impacts and responses are transmitted across one or more borders. As an economy that is highly connected to other regions and countries of the world, the European Union (EU) is potentially exposed to such cross-border impacts. Here, we undertake a macro-scale, risk-focused literature and data review to explore the potential impact transmission pathways between the EU and other world regions and countries. We do so across three distinct domains of interest - trade, human security and finance - which are part of complex socio-economic, political and cultural systems and may contribute to mediate or exacerbate risk exposure. Across these domains, we seek to understand the extent to which there has been prior consideration of aspects of climate-related risk exposure relevant to developing an understanding of cross-border impacts. We also provide quantitative evidence of the extent and strength of connectivity between the EU and other world regions. Our analysis reveals that - within this nascent area of research - there is uncertainty about the dynamics of cross-border impact that will affect whether the EU is in a relatively secure or vulnerable position in comparison with other regions. However, we reveal that risk is likely to be focused in particular ‘hotspots’; defined geographies, for example, that produce materials for EU consumption (e.g. Latin American soybean), hold financial investments (e.g. North America), or are the foci for EU external action (e.g. the Middle East and North Africa region). Importantly, these domains will also interact, and - via the application of a conceptual example of soybean production in Argentina based on a historical drought event - we illustrate that impact and response pathways linked to EU risk exposure may be complex, further heightening the challenge of developing effective policy responses within an uncertain climatic and socioeconomic future.

The research of co-evolution mechanisms between cross-border e-commerce and manufacturing cluster: An Agent-based model

China’s cross-border e-commerce industry presents the development trend as the service industry clusters, and interacts closely with the traditional manufacturing clusters. However, the mechanism for the coordinated evolution of the two kinds of clusters is not clear yet. This paper defines the cross-border e-commerce and the manufacturing cluster under collaboration as a complex socio-economic adaptation system that includes manufacturers, service providers, government behaviors and market demands. An agent-based collaborative model is designed by three types of agents and four driving interaction mechanisms, then the co-evolution mechanisms are observed and discussed in the process of dynamic evolution. Based on the rationality and feasibility of the model, the research explored the trend of co-evolution through scenario simulations and analysis, improved the mechanisms of co-evolution, and pointed out that cross-border e-commerce is one of the ways to transform and upgrade the manufacturing cluster. The conclusion of the study provides evolutionary ideas for export-oriented industrial clusters to coordinate with the cross-border e-commerce.

ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ УПРАВЛІННЯ КОМУНІКАЦІЙНИМ ПРОЦЕСОМ У МЕДИЧНОМУ ЗАКЛАДІ

The article studies the essence and importance of managing the communication process in a medical institution. With the help of the methods of induction and deduction the achievements of foreign and domestic science are systematized, the experience of medical enterprises is generalized. This made it possible to understand the operation of market mechanisms in the field of health care. It is confirmed that high-quality information exchange is an important and integral part of the management of medical enterprises. It was found that the instrument of management in the hands of the manager of the medical institution is information that he can dispose of. Using and transmitting this information, as well as receiving feedback, allows him to organize, manage and motivate the employees. The process of management of a modern medical institution as a complex socio-economic system of open type is studied. According to the established research, an important aspect of medical activity is communication – the basis for ensuring the social effectiveness of the treatment and diagnostic process, as well as a condition for the success of the management of medical institutions. In addition, communications significantly affect the treatment process and the quality of administration. Communication has been found to be a connecting process that requires the effective exchange of information between health professionals and management; medical enterprise and its employees, as well as citizens as consumers of medical services. The existence of a close direct connection between the system of communicative interaction in the medical institution and the emotional burnout syndrome has been revealed. It is proved that a favorable moral and psychological climate in teams, a well-established system of communicative interaction is one of the main conditions conducive to increasing productivity, increasing job satisfaction, developing pride in belonging to the medical team, reducing the risk of emotional burnout. in turn, contributes to the further development and strengthening of the team, the professional growth of each employee.

Study of regional stability by amplitude-frequency method

Interregional integration is the most important factor in the transformation of the national model of economic development. It facilitates the transition from a resource-based economy to an economy targeted at an innovative way of development. Such transformations promote an increase of competitiveness of the Russian economy. In this regard, the assessment of the level of interregional integrational interaction is an urgent task. The development of the theory and methodology of study of interregional economic integration processes, the development of mechanisms for assessing the instrumental and functional potential of interregional integration as a driver of the socio-economic development of partner regions for its improvement make it possible to replenish missing items in investigating the subject area under consideration. The new scientific results obtained in the paper on determining the indicators of interregional economic integration, characterizing the amplitudes of fluctuations in the value of the average per capita income in the regions of the Southern Federal District, develop a methodology for analyzing and forecasting the behavior of complex socio-economic systems and can act as a conceptual basis for creating a modernized instrumental and methodological apparatus for quantitative assessment, further formalized presentation and modeling of interregional interaction and substantiation of development directions and increasing the efficiency of interregional economic integration processes.

ЗМІНА ПАРАДИГМИ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ТА ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ СИСТЕМ

Modern socio-economic systems demonstrate instability, chaos, and unpredictability. What methodology should be used to modeling modern socio-economic systems? Constant changes and crises in the development of socio-economic systems require new approaches to the research of these systems. The feature of the approach to the study of socio-economic systems in modern conditions is the conversion from a linear to a nonlinear paradigm. The models of socio-economic systems are systems of nonlinear differential equations. Nonlinear differential equations demonstrate different modes of functioning of complex socio-economic systems. Nonlinear equations can have several qualitatively different solutions. This explains the existence of different ways of evolution of nonlinear socio-economic systems. Nonlinearity is a fundamental position of new paradigm of cognition and development. Nonlinearity is a general law of nature and means, first of all, non-observance of the principle of superposition. The whole cannot be the sum of its parts; the result cannot be the sum of efforts, the quality of the whole is not determined by the sum of the qualities of its parts, the reaction of the system is not proportional to the influence. For nonlinear phenomena, knowledge about the behavior of a part of an object does not yet guarantee correct ideas about the behavior of the object as a whole, and its response to changes in conditions may qualitatively depend on the magnitude of these changes. Non-linearity is the multivariance of the evolutionary paths, the presence of a choice of alternative paths and determining the rate of evolution. Nonlinearity is the irreversibility of evolutionary processes; nonlinear, indirect dependence of evolutionary processes on external influences. The article examines the topical issue of changing the paradigm of modeling and forecasting socio-economic systems. The necessity of transition from linear to nonlinear paradigm in economic research is theoretically substantiated. The features of the application of methods of nonlinear dynamics to the modeling of socio-economic systems are considered. The phenomenon of nonlinearity of socio-economic systems is studied.

Methods of Socio-Economic Systems Analysis in Order to Diagnose the Problems of Transformation of Law in the Context of Digitalization

Abstract The paper presents the results of the development of theoretical foundations and methodology of analyzing complex socio-economic systems, designed to diagnose the problems of managing their development that require legislative regulation. To solve methodological and practical problems of increasing the effectiveness of legislative and law enforcement processes in the context of digitalization, it is proposed to use the methodology of scenario analysis, which provides the possibility of intellectual support and evaluation of the quality of decision making within the framework of the legal norms development and improvement. The approach proposed is based on analysis and modeling of the development processes of the studied situations in the political-legal, socio-political, socio-economic, and innovation-technological spheres. The tasks of determining the target indicators composition effectiveness of the processes of managing the law transformation in the context of a developed information society are considered.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ТУРИСТСКО-РЕКРЕАЦИОННЫМ КОМПЛЕКСОМ

This research examined the problems of the tourism sector of the economy, that was described from the perspective of potential informatization. The features of the tourism industry functioning were reflected, some proposals were put forward regarding the design and development of an automated management system, and the geographical affiliation of the research areas were indicated. The tourist and recreational complex was proposed to understand as a separate component of the tourism industry, and was accordingly accepted as the object for the projected automated system. The authors had refined the formulation of the term "tourist and recreational complex" as a complex socio-economic system based on the problems and possibilities of it’s informatization. Sufficient attention was paid to the identification of the characteristic features of the tourist and recreational complex, to the designation and addition of its functions, to the possibilities and difficulties of formalization. Some features and problems of the designing an automated control system were described in this research, there were also suggests about its conceptual structure, and outlines the for further research. Special attention was paid to the developing of the automated system for managing the tourist and recreational complex, based on the requests, needs and capabilities of its three main groups of users: regional (district) management, business and guests (tourists, recreants).

Development of an automated industrial dynamics system

The object of research is the process of determining the main indicators of the functioning of a manufacturing enterprise using the method of system dynamics. Any enterprise for the production and sale of products is a complex socio-economic system that is closely related to the external environment through input and output channels. The external environment determines the conditions for the functioning of the enterprise and can be described by a set of a large number of different parameters, the values of which will dynamically change and are fundamentally indeterminate.Coordination and control over material and financial flows at a manufacturing enterprise is often a separate problem. The interaction of financial resources and material flows, which are selected by the enterprise as the main ones in accordance with market requirements and the specifics of the activity, must be coordinated accordingly to achieve a more efficient operation of the enterprise. Therefore, the task of the presented study is to develop a model of material and financial flows of a production enterprise with its further software implementation. The purpose of the software implementation is to further conduct experiments with the model to determine the main indicators of the production enterprise, depending on changes in the functioning parameters due to the external environment.All the variety of modeling methods considered in modeling theory can be conditionally divided into two groups: analytical and simulation modeling. To solve the problem of this study, simulation modeling was used, which provides for the construction of a model with characteristics adequate to the original on the basis of a certain information principle.In the course of the research, a model of material and financial flows of a production enterprise was built. The mathematical model of flows was developed using the system dynamics method by J. Forrester. An automated system was also developed, which is a software implementation of the proposed model.The automated system of industrial dynamics of a production enterprise developed in the study will significantly increase the efficiency and scientific validity of decisions regarding the management of material and financial resources.

Концепция управления развитием научно-производственного комплекса на основе системно-синергетического подхода

The author integrates into a single concept the theoretical provisions and principles of the system-synergy approach to managing the development of scientific and production complexes. The principles of development management at various stages of qualitative change of an open complex socio-economic system are substantiated. It is assumed that practical implementation of the methodology will make it possible to form a system of organizational and economic management mechanisms using its potential.

ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСКИХ СЕТЕЙ: ОЦЕНКА СЕТЕВОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА РЕГИОНА АРКТИЧЕСКОЙ ЗОНЫ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

The article establishes the relationship between the function of sustainable economic growth in the informational productivity paradigm, which is the basis of the knowledge economy, and the modern interpretation of the economic content of entrepreneurship, which made it possible to draw a conclusion about the system-forming role of entrepreneurship in the formation of new socio-economic relations.In this regard, a refined definition of entrepreneurship based on the distinctive characteristics of its economic content is given. It is concluded that the new properties of informational socio-economic relations, the complication of their configuration and giving entrepreneurship a system-forming role in the knowledge economy, actualize the need for the development of network forms of organizing entrepreneurial activity.Methodological approaches to assessing the usefulness of one or another partner in the process of forming an inter-organizational alliance have been determined. It is proposed in the process of designing entrepreneurial networks to select potential actors using the methodology for assessing the network entrepreneurial potential of socio-economic systems of various levels. The definition of the network entrepreneurial potential of the territory is given.A method for a comprehensive assessment of the network entrepreneurial potential of a territory on the basis of a model that integrates the network entrepreneurial potential of business, the network entrepreneurial potential of civil society, and the network entrepreneurial potential of public administration, has been developed. The article presents a comprehensive assessment of the network entrepreneurial potential of the complex socio-economic system of the territory of the Russian Arctic, carried out using the proposed method. The territories of the Russian Arctic, the most attractive for the formation of entrepreneurial networks, have been identified based on the results of a comprehensive assessment of entrepreneurial potential and entrepreneurial potential of business, civil society and government.

Complexity management of corruption in Iran’s oil industry applying soft system dynamics methodology (SSDM)

PurposeOil is the natural resource recognized as the most important source of revenue in oil-dependent countries and is most often referred to as being susceptible to corruption owing to its strategic importance. A major challenge in addressing and encountering the problems in complex social systems, such as corruption, is how to structure the problematic situation and how to capture mental models of the stakeholders involved in the situation, and also how to identify the system’s behavior in response to various policy intervention attempts in the long run. This study aims to shed new lights on modeling and simulating corrupt system of the oil industry, as a complex social system needed to be structured according to social system theories’ principles.Design/methodology/approachParson’s theory is applied as a basic framework to capture the complexities of a corrupt system, dividing the system into political and structural, economic, legal and judicial and cultural and social sub-systems. Then soft system dynamics methodology, which is a combination of the two well-known methodologies, soft system methodology and system dynamics, is applied to model and simulate the complexities involved in the oil industry of Iran, which owns the second-largest oil reservoir in the world and its economy is much dependent on the oil revenue, struggles with corruption, and plans for a large amount of anti-corruption activities.FindingsAfter simulating and calibrating the model, three groups of policies, namely, “reducing corruption opportunities,” “reducing corruption demand,” and “increasing anti-corruption capacity” are implemented in the model. As to the simulation results, due to the mutual inter-causality of opportunity and demand for corruption, individual application of each group of policies will not be helpful for long, rather a combination of policies will conduce to substantial improvements in declining corruption in the oil industry.Originality/valueThe developed model addresses the dynamics of the complex socio-economic system of corruption in the system of oil industry via modeling and simulation. The developed four-dimension system dynamics framework could be considered as a guidance for corruption modeling in general and as a basic model for corruption modeling of oil-dependent countries’ systems in particular.

Evidence from Network Analysis application to Innovation Systems and Quintuple Helix

The debate on innovation systems has recently been improved through the development of more dynamic and forward-looking approaches. Scholars and researchers have started to reserve attention for System Dynamics, a widely used methodology for modelling complex socio-economic systems. Moreover, recent innovation models such as the Quintuple Helix framework call for an effort for better understanding and forecasting relationships among ecology, knowledge and innovation, deeply analysing synergies among economy, society, and democracy. This paper focuses on the relationships between the Quintuple Helix and System Dynamics modelling from a quantitative perspective. It discusses how the application of Network Analysis metrics advances the understanding of an innovation system mapped with a Quintuple Helix model. Using Global Innovation Index, a Casual Loop Diagram has been designed representing the process of knowledge generation and innovation dissemination within the Quintuple Helix model. Identification of structural features within Causal Loop Diagrams through Network Analysis is likely to provide new insights into the emergent properties of an innovation system seen as a complex system. Meanwhile, analysing central drivers has the potential to identify leverage points. Results obtained show the benefits of coupling Network Analysis with System Dynamics modelling and valuable evidence of relationships among helices.

A System Dynamics Model and Analytic Network Process: An Integrated Approach to Investigate Urban Resilience

During the last decade, the concept of urban resilience has been increasingly implemented in urban planning, with the main aim to design urban development strategies. Urban resilience is a multi-dimensional and dynamic concept. When applied to urban planning, it consists of studying cities as complex socio-economic systems. Municipalities are currently working to undertake appropriate actions to enrich the resilience of cities. Moreover, several difficulties concern the evaluation of the impacts over time of the strategies designed to enhance urban resilience. The present paper proposes an integrated approach based on the System Dynamics Model (SDM) and the Analytic Network Process (ANP). The objective of this research is to describe the method and to illustrate its application to the area called Basse di Stura, located in the city of Turin, Italy. The method is applied to evaluate the possible impacts of two different urban scenarios in terms of the change of urban resilience performance over time. The final result is represented by an index that describes urban resilience performance.

TODAY's SMART CITY TRENDS IN THE WORLD

Digitalization today is a modern trend focused on streamlining processes and improving efficiency. The introduction of information and communication technologies has affected not only enterprises, but complex socio-economic systems as cities, and this predetermined the development of smart cities. Today, IBM, McKinsey or Price Waterhouse are considered the brain centers for the development of this concept, while Siemens, BMW, Mercedes Benz, IBM, Phillips, General Electric, etc., discovered the “smart” city as a future-oriented concept, and chose only that a niche in which they can offer their products and services. The development of smart cities is also influenced by intergovernmental organizations and their specialized departments, as well as research centers, institutes and laboratories. There are more than 100 cities in the world that claim the title of “smart city”. At the same time, their current ratings reflect the implementation of modern information and communication technologies in the life of a person with the aim of improving the quality of his life in the development of the urban environment. The IESE Cities in Motion Index, Global Power City Index, The Global Cities Index, The Global Cities Outlook, Juniper Research, EasyPark Smart City Index ratings provide sufficient and comprehensive indicators to give this title. The developed standards ISO 37120 and ISO 37122 determine the main indicators for smart cities, while the criteria that determine the achievement of city smartness are conditionally formed today, which allows to clarify the semantic loads implemented in this definition, namely, to prioritize technologies for people and society, improving quality of life, and highlight differences with other similar definitions.

Simulating renewal: Postwar technopolitics and technological urbanism

This article traces the terms and practices underwriting emergent forms of urban government to technical efforts to simulate markets after the Second World War. With an eye toward contemporary techno-utopian schemes and city-building initiatives, I argue that the basis of technological approaches to urban rule today—a conception of cities as complex socio-economic systems amenable to market-driven optimization—was forged by postwar administrators and technicians in response to the vicissitudes of uneven development. To advance this claim, I examine the history of San Francisco’s Community Renewal Program, an early modeling initiative sponsored in the US by the federal government. After situating it in the context of racialized housing markets and policies, I probe the Community Renewal Program’s attempt to build a computer model capable of forecasting the effects of redevelopment on housing markets. Though the Community Renewal Program model ultimately proved unviable as a planning tool, expert appraisals of it at the time simultaneously confirmed the characterization of cities as systems of market signals and affirmed in principle the ability to model and thus manage them given an appropriate technological infrastructure. In this light, current municipal design and development projects premised on interactive and remote-sensing technologies express something of the technocratic politics and optimism of the mid-20th century.