Complementary Position Research Articles

THE PHENOMENON OF INTERSEXUAL LOVE IN THE OF SPIRITUAL PSYCHOLOGY PARADIGM

The article reveals the essence of the phenomenon of intersexual love in the context of spiritual psychology paradigm. Theoretical analysis of literature not only psychological but also philosophical and spiritual ones is posted since these approaches to the phenomenon of love occupy complementary position. The peculiarities of perception of love by students who think that they already have had or are having an experience of love for the opposite sex are analyzed. Interpersonal love is considered not as feeling, but as a form of spiritual practice based on the person's ability to join the spiritual space that opens it to operate at higher laws of goodness, mercy, and sacrifice on the opposite sex. The ability to love is illuminated as an opportunity to go beyond the self ego, to focus on the other person to go through the full sense of the unity of souls, male and female energy, blissful experience of contact in a different reality. The attention is focused on the fact that intersexual love as a form of spiritual practice helps people reach a higher level of understanding and creative self-realization. After all, person has opened the essence of another person in the process of obtaining such a spiritual experience, such an opportunity to perceive them integrally, as they really are, understand and accept them despite their shortcomings. Moreover the man begins to deeply understand themselves, becomes better and is able to work positive change. It puts forward the assumption that everyone has the opportunity to love, but not all are able to join this spiritual practice, not all are open to it (as in the love of God, one's neighbor). Character traits define this ability to love. The inner human world is building outlines and specifics of the manifestation of love. The perception of association with another person as a temporary phenomenon explains the ambivalence of love experiences. It puts forward the assumption that intersexual love selectivity indicates that love arises between those who are on the same level of spiritual attainment. Understanding the nature of this phenomenon will allow people to recognize it, to cultivate certain traits for such an experience and also to optimize the work of specialists in the field of intersexual relations.

Effect of structure variation of the aptamer-DNA duplex probe on the performance of displacement-based electrochemical aptamer sensors

Electrochemical aptamer-based (E-AB) sensors employing electrode-immobilized, redox-tagged aptamer probes have emerged as a promising platform for the sensitive and quick detection of target analytes ranging from small molecules to proteins. Signal generation in this class of sensor is linked to change in electron transfer efficiency upon binding-induced change in flexibility/conformation of the aptamer probe. Because of this signaling mechanism, signal gains of these sensors can be improved by employing a displacement-based recognition system, which links target binding with a large-scale flexibility/conformation shift from the aptamer-DNA duplex to the single-stranded DNA or the native aptamer. Despite the relatively large number of displacement-based E-AB sensor samples, little attention has been paid to the structure variation of the aptamer-DNA duplex probe. Here we detail the effects of complementary length and position of the aptamer-DNA duplex probe on the performance of a model displacement-based E-AB sensor for ATP. We find that, greater background suppression and signal gain are observed with longer complementary length of the aptamer-DNA duplex probe. However, sensor equilibration time slows monotonically with increasing complementary length; and with too many target binding sites in aptamer sequence being occupied by the complementary DNA, the aptamer-target binding does not occur and no signal gain observed. We also demonstrate that signal gain of the displacement-based E-AB sensor is strongly dependent on the complementary position of the aptamer-DNA duplex probe, with complementary position located at the electrode-attached or redox-tagged end of the duplex probe, larger background suppression and signal increase than that of the middle position are observed. These results highlight the importance of rational structure design of the aptamer-DNA duplex probe and provide new insights into the optimization of displacement-based E-AB sensors.

The study of Lorenz and Rössler strange attractors by means of quantum theory

We have developed a method for complementing an arbitrary classical dynamical system to a quantum system using the Lorenz and Rössler systems as examples. The Schrödinger equation for the corresponding quantum statistical ensemble is described in terms of the Hamilton–Jacobi formalism. We consider both the original dynamical system in the position space and the conjugate dynamical system corresponding to the momentum space. Such simultaneous consideration of mutually complementary position and momentum frameworks provides a deeper understanding of the nature of chaotic behavior in dynamical systems. We have shown that the new formalism provides a significant simplification of the Lyapunov exponents calculations. From the point of view of quantum optics, the Lorenz and Rössler systems correspond to three modes of a quantized electromagnetic field in a medium with cubic nonlinearity. From the computational point of view, the new formalism provides a basis for the analysis of complex dynamical systems using quantum computers.

Merging Color Shift Keying and Complementary Pulse Position Modulation for Visible Light Illumination and Communication

The ever increasing need to be able to take advantage of broadband services without the need to increase the electromagnetic pollution, has led the scientific community, in recent years, to look for alternatives to the use of a radio frequency communication. From this, it stems the need of budding paradigm of visible light communications. In the context of the activities of the IEEE 802.15.7 Task Group, a new modulation format named Color Shift Keying (CSK), based on sending signals spaced in the domain of the wavelength able to both support the communication and the illumination of indoor environments has been tackled. In this paper, a transmission scheme based on the use of the CSK modulation which also makes use of a modulation format that descends from the Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) has been proposed. The aim of this contribution is also proposing the receiver architecture for that kind of transmission and then evaluate its performance in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) of Transmission Rate by performing also comparisons with the literature. The proposed scheme is robust with respect to optical interference and presents high rate and low BER at the cost of a bit complexity increasing with respect to other approaches.

Photoinduced fibrils formation of chicken egg white lysozyme under native conditions

AbstractRecent findings showed that transiently accessing structurally native‐like yet energetically higher conformational states is sufficient to trigger the formation of protein fibrils. Typically, these conformational states are made available through changing solvent conditions or introducing mutations. Here we show a novel way to initialize fibril formation for Chicken egg white lysozyme (CEWL) under native conditions via controlled UV illumination. Through a cassette of tryptophan‐based photochemistry, the two terminal disulfide bonds in CEWL can be selectively reduced. The reduced CEWL is then converted to conformational states with the C‐terminal fragment floppy upon thermal fluctuation. These states serve as precursors for the fibrillar aggregation. Intriguingly, the CEWL fibrils are stabilized by intermolecular disulfide bonds instead of noncovalent β‐sheet structures, distinct from the amyloid‐like lysozyme fibrils reported before. Based on the experimental evidences and all‐atom molecular dynamics simulation, we proposed a “runaway domain‐swapping” model for the structure of the CEWL fibrils, in which each CEWL molecule swaps the C‐terminal fragment into the complementary position of the adjacent molecule along the fibrils. We anticipate that this fibrillation mechanism can be extended to many other disulfide‐containing proteins. Our study stands for the first example of formation of protein fibrils under native conditions upon UV illumination and poses the potential danger of low UV dose to organisms at the protein level. Proteins 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Photo-Induced Fibrillar Formation of Chicken Egg White Lysozyme Under Native Conditions

Recent findings showed that transiently accessing structurally native-like yet energetically higher conformational states is sufficient to trigger the formation of protein fibrils. Typically, these conformational states are made available through changing solvent conditions or introducing mutations. Here we show a novel way to initialize fibril formation for Chicken egg white lysozyme (CEWL) under native conditions via controlled UV illumination. Through a cassette of tryptophan-based photochemistry, the two terminal disulfide bonds in CEWL can be selectively reduced. The reduced CEWL is then converted to conformational states with the C-terminal fragment floppy upon thermal fluctuation. These states serve as precursors for the fibrillar aggregation. Intriguingly, the CEWL fibrils are stabilized by intermolecular disulfide bonds instead of noncovalent β-sheet structures, distinct from the amyloid-like lysozyme fibrils reported before. Based on the experimental evidences and all-atom molecular dynamics simulation, we proposed a runaway domain-swapping model for the structure of the CEWL fibrils, in which each CEWL molecule swaps the C-terminal fragment into the complementary position of the adjacent molecule along the fibrils. We anticipate that this fibrillation mechanism can be extended to many other disulfide-containing proteins. Our study stands for the first example of formation of protein fibrils under native conditions upon UV illumination and poses the potential danger of low UV dose to organisms at the protein level.

Interrelationships between education, occupational class, income and sickness absence

Socio-economic position measures, such as education, occupational class and income, are well-known determinants of health. However, previous studies have not paid attention to mutual interrelationships between these socio-economic position measures and medically confirmed sickness absence. The study is a register-based study. The participants were municipal employees of the City of Helsinki aged 25-59 years in 2003. There were 21,599 women and 5841 men participants. Three socio-economic position measures were used, namely three-level education, four-level occupational class and gross individual income quartiles. Main outcome measure was medically confirmed sickness absence spells of 4 days or longer. Inequality indices were calculated using Poisson regression analysis. High education, occupational class and individual income were all consistently associated with lower sickness absence rates among both women and men. After mutual adjustment, education and occupational class remained independent determinants of sickness absence. The association of individual income with sickness absence was practically explained by temporally preceding education and occupational class. Our results indicate that education and occupational class-rather than income-are strong determinants of sickness absence. Education, occupational class and income are complementary socio-economic position measures. To better inform sickness absence policy, future studies should aim to establish whether the observed socio-economic differences reflect broader differences in ill-health, lifestyle and working conditions.

Optimization of Lipase-Catalyzed Transesterification of Lard for Biodiesel Production Using Response Surface Methodology

Biodiesel, an alternative diesel fuel made from renewable biological resources, has become more and more attractive recently. Combined use of two immobilized lipases with complementary position specificity instead of one lipase is a potential way to significantly reduce cost of lipase-catalyzed biodiesel production. In this study, the process of biodiesel production from lard catalyzed by the combined use of Novozym435 (non-specific) and Lipozyme TLIM (1,3-specific) was optimized by response surface methodology. The optimal reaction conditions were 0.04 of amount of lipase/oil (w/w), 0.49 of proportion of Novozym435/total lipases (w/w), 0.55 of quantity of tert-butanol/oil (v/v), 5.12 of quantity of methanol/oil (mol/mol), and 20 h of reaction time, by which 97.2% of methyl ester (ME) yield was attained, very close to the predicted value (97.6%). This optimal reaction condition could be true of other similar reactions with plant and animal oil resources; their ME yield could be higher than 95%. The lipases regenerated by washing with organic solvent after each reaction cycle could be continuously reused for 20 cycles without any loss of activity, exhibiting very high manipulation stability.

Ascertaining complementary and incompatible quantum properties by means of double-slit experiments

The famous two-slits experiment is used to theoretically introduce the problem of detecting both which-slit (WS) property and another quantum property incompatible with the WS one, together with the measurement of the (complementary) position of the final impact point. General conditions for the existence of solutions are singled out, and a family of solutions is concretely found. Moreover, we theoretically design an ideal experiment which realizes this non-trivial detection.

Gender, policy and initial teacher education

An examination of gender discourses within New Labour education policy on the preparation of students for a career in teaching in the UK reveals a contradictory yet, at the same time, complementary position. In the guidelines outlining the Standards that a prospective teacher has to achieve, the ways in which gender informs pupils’ educational opportunities is ‘played down’ in that it is not addressed directly. Rather ‘gender’, along with ethnicity, social class, disability and sexuality is embedded within the broader concept of ‘diversity’. At the same time, gender is foregrounded in education policy on the recruitment of teachers with the drive by the Training and Development Agency to encourage men into primary schools. This article explores these tensions and relates these to the published research on the experiences of male primary teachers. It concludes by arguing for a recognition of student/practicing teachers’ real concerns regarding the gender issues which influence and inform their professional choices and careers rather than those set by the Government agenda.

Ability of Polymerase η and T7 DNA Polymerase to Bypass Bulge Structures

DNA misalignment occurs in homopolymer tracts during replication and can lead to frameshift mutations. Polymerase (pol) recognition of primer-templates containing bulge structures and the transmission of a bulge through a polymerase binding site or replication complex are important components of frameshift mutagenesis. In this report, we describe the interaction of the catalytic core of pol eta with primer-templates containing bulge structures by single round primer extension. We found that pol eta could stabilize a frayed primer terminus, which enhances its ability to extend primer-templates containing bulges. Based on methylphosphonate-DNA mapping, pol eta interacts with the single strand template but not appreciably with the template strand of the DNA stem greater than two nucleotides from the primer terminus. These latter characteristics, combined with the ability to stabilize a frayed primer terminus, may explain why primer-templates containing template bulges are extended so efficiently by pol eta. Although pol eta could accommodate large bulges and continue synthesis without obstruction, bulge structures in the template, but not in the primer, caused termination of the T7 DNA replication complex. Terminations occurred when the template bulge neared the helix-loop-helix domain of the polymerase thumb. Terminations were not observed, however, when bulge structures approached the site of interaction of the DNA with the extended thumb and thioredoxin. At low temperature, however, terminations did occur at this site.

Uncertainty relation for Fisher information of D-dimensional single-particle systems with central potentials

An uncertainty Fisher information relation in quantum mechanics is derived for multidimensional single-particle systems with central potentials. It is based on the concept of Fisher information in the two complementary position and momentum spaces, which is a gradient functional of the corresponding probability distributions. The lower bound of the product of position and momentum Fisher informations is shown to depend on the orbital and magnetic quantum numbers of the physical state and the space dimensionality. Applications to various elementary systems is discussed.

State-centered versus Nonstate-driven Organic Food Standardization: A Comparison of the US and Sweden

Organic food standardization is an increasingly important strategy for dealing with consumer concerns about the environment, animal welfare, health, and the economic structure of food production. But the ways in which this consumer-oriented strategy is introduced, organized, and debated vary considerably across countries. In Sweden, a nongovernmental organization [KRAV (Association for Control of Organic Production)] – consisting of social movement organizations, associations for conventional and organic farmers, and the food industry – has been quite successful in promoting organic food labeling as an eco-label. KRAV has developed a complementary position vis-a-vis the state and EU regulatory framework. In the US, the federal government controls standardization. The government frames the label as a “marketing label,” thus rejecting the idea that organic food production would have any significant advantages for the environment or, indirectly, for human health. This framing is separate from the ones created by organic constituencies, leading to deeper controversies than in Sweden. The purpose of this paper is to examine why standardization has followed different patterns in the two settings. We analyze context factors (i.e., political culture, pre-regulatory arrangements, and organizational structures) and process factors (i.e., framing and organizing). What are the benefits of a state-centric versus a nonstate-driven approach regarding powerful standardization? The paper shows that both settings provide not only “threats of regulatory occupation” from actors not committed to organic principles but also avenues for substantial standardization in the future, albeit through different channels.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Position Paper

Occupational therapy professionals facilitate proficient and satisfying engagement in the significant tasks and meaningful activities of life. Complementary and alternative medical practices, systems, and products may be appropriately incorporated into occupational therapy practice as a way to encourage a client's engagement in meaningful occupations. Scientific studies are needed to validate the safety and efficacy of CAM methods within occupational therapy practice. Advanced-level training and continuing education are important in order to acquire the knowledge and skill to utilize CAM methods, to address the concerns for patient safety and informed consent, and to meet the rigors of regulatory requirements.

SENSOR BASED ROBOT LOCALISATION AND NAVIGATION: USING INTERVAL ANALYSIS AND NONLINEAR KALMAN FILTERS.

Multiple sensor fusion for robot localisation and navigation has attracted a lot of interest in recent years. This paper describes a sensor based navigation and localisation approach for an autonomous mobile robot using an interval analysis (IA) based adaptive mechanism for the non-linear Kalman filter namely the Extended Kalman filter (EKF). The map used for this study is two-dimensional and assumed to be known a priori. The robot is equipped with inertial sensors (INS), encoders and ultrasonic sensors. A non-linear Kalman filter is used to estimate the robots position using the inertial sensors and encoders. The ultrasonic sensors use an Interval Analysis (IA) algorithm for guaranteed robot localisation. Since the Kalman Filter estimates may be affected by bias, drift etc. we propose an adaptive mechanism using IA to correct these defects in estimates. In the presence of landmarks the complementary interval robot position information from the IA algorithm with uniform distribution using ultrasonic sensors is used to estimate and bound the errors in the non-linear Kalman filter robot position estimate with a Gaussian distribution.

Site-specific mutagenesis by triple helix-forming oligonucleotides containing a reactive nucleoside analog.

The specific recognition of homopurine-homo pyrimidine regions in duplex DNA by triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) provides an attractive strategy for genetic manipulation. Alkylation of nucleobases with functionalized TFOs would have the potential for site-directed mutagenesis. Recently, we demonstrated that a TFO bearing 2-amino-6-vinylpurine derivative, 1, achieves triplex-mediated reaction with high selectivity toward the cytosine of the G-C target site. In this report, we have investigated the use of this reagent to target mutations to a specific site in a shuttle vector plasmid, which replicates in mammalian cells. TFOs bearing 1 produced adducts at the complementary position of 1 and thereby introduced mutations at that site during replication/repair of the plasmid in mammalian cells. Reagents that produce covalent cytosine modifications are relatively rare. These TFOs enable the preparation of templates carrying targeted cytosine adducts for in vitro and in vivo studies. The ability to target mutations may prove useful as a tool for studying DNA repair, and as a technique for gene therapy and genetic engineering.

Substitutes or Complements? Exploring the Relationship between Formal Contracts and Relational Governance

Transaction cost economics advocates that greater exchange hazards be met either with more tightly crafted contracts or, when the costs of crafting and enforcing complex contracts are sufficiently high, with vertical integration. However, many argue that transaction cost economics vastly overstates the need for either integration or contractual safeguards in exchange settings commonly labeled as hazardous. In many industries, firms engage in complex, collaborative exchanges that involve rather high levels of asset specificity and are characterized by other known hazards, yet are managed without vertical integration and with limited formal contracts. These relational exchange arrangements supported by trust are viewed as substitutes for complex contracts or vertical integration. Others argue that formal contracts may in fact undermine trust and thereby encourage, rather than discourage, opportunistic behavior. In this paper, we develop and test an alternative perspective - that formal contracts and relational governance function as complements. Using data from a sample of information service exchanges, we find empirical support for this complementary position. Managers appear to accompany their increasingly customized contracts with increased levels of relational governance (and visa versa). Moreover, this interdependence underlies their ability to generate improvements in exchange performance. Implications as well as related hypotheses regarding the determinants of relational governance and contracts are also explored.

A novel ELISA-based primer extension assay for the detection of the factor V Leiden mutation.

We describe an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based primer extension method for the detection of the factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation. The wild-type nucleotide at position 1691 or the mutant nucleotide at the complementary position on the antisense strand were detected by the incorporation of biotinylated complementary bases onto fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labelled mini-sequence primers with specificity for the sense and antisense gene segments downstream from the bases adjacent to position 1691. The reactions took place in pairs of tubes containing the complementary bases to either the wild-type or mutant nucleotide respectively. Primer extension products from each reaction tube pair which have incorporated biotinylated bases were then captured in streptavidin-coated microtitre plate wells and detected colourimetrically using an ELISA procedure. 200 patient samples were tested to validate the assay and there was complete genotypic agreement between the ELISA method and restriction site analysis using Mnl I (137 wild type, 55 FVL heterozygotes and eight homozygotes). The method utilizes non-radioactive reagents and does not require electrophoretic techniques. It is therefore a safe, simple and rapid assay which lends itself to automation.

Systemic perspective on obesity in childhood: a preliminary study on power interactions between mother and child.

33 mother-child dyads with an obese child (aged 9 to 12 years) and a similar control group were studied. The power interaction was used as an indicator of the style of the relationship between mother and child. To analyse the interactions the model of Watzlawick, Beavin, and Jackson was used because it considers three different possible situations of complementarity, symmetry, and parallelism. A revised version of the Scoresby Relationship Style Inventory was given. Analysis showed that dyads with obese children differ in some ways from the control dyads. These differences include the mother's dominant position in the relationship and the tendency of the obese child to avoid conflict and symmetry and to adopt a "one-down' complementary position. We conclude it is important to improve the study of childhood obesity from a systemic perspective and to extend this analysis to other aspects of the complex familial picture to prevent overweight or to maintain it within reasonable limits thereby avoiding more serious complications.

Transfer of the minus strand of DNA during hepadnavirus replication is not invariable but prefers a specific location.

The current model for replication of duck hepatitis B virus has reverse transcription initiating and copying a UUAC motif within the encapsidation signal, epsilon, near the 5' end of the RNA template. This results in synthesis of four nucleotides of DNA. This short minus-strand DNA product is then transferred to a complementary position, at DR1, near the 3' end of the RNA template. Elongation of minus-strand DNA then ensues. We have examined the transfer of minus-strand DNA during replication of duck hepatitis B virus in cell culture. The initial aim of this work was to examine the effect of mutations at DR1 on the transfer process. We found that when mutations were introduced into the UUAC motif overlapping DR1, the 5' end of minus-DNA no longer mapped to position 2537 but was shifted two or four nucleotides. Mismatches were predicted to exist at the new sites of elongation. Elongation from nucleotide 2537 could be restored in these mutants by making compensatory changes in the UUAC motif within epsilon. This finding led us to examine limitations in the shifting of the site of transfer. When the UUAC motif in epsilon was changed to six different tetranucleotide motifs surrounding position 2537, transfer of minus-strand DNA shifted predictably, albeit inefficiently. Also, when multiple UUAC motifs were introduced near DR1, the UUAC motif at nucleotide 2537 was used preferentially. Overall, our findings confirm the current minus-strand DNA transfer model and demonstrate a marked preference for the site of the transfer.