Competitive Human Capital Research Articles

HUMAN CAPITAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN: FEATURES OF FORMATION AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR GROWTH OF COMPETITIVENESS

Purpose of the research. The article substantiates the need to form competitive human capital on the example of advanced countries, the purpose of which is to determine the sources of formation of eff ective human capital.Methodology: In the course of the study the methods of analysis and synthesis, statistical and comparative analysis were applied. The authors conducted a literature review of scientifi c works in the fi eld of human capital formation of both domestic and foreign economists, studied the best practices of countries, and the possibility of its application in the Kazakhstani realities. For a more in-depth study of the issues were considered strategic programs and analyzed statistical compilations.Originality / value. The main indicators of the health care system, providing the formation of health capital as a component of human capital, have been analyzed. The main problems of education and health care spheres are defi ned. The comparison of labor remuneration indicators with advanced countries both in the average value and by sectors of the economy as a whole is carried out, the degree of its infl uence on the development of human capital is determined.Findings: A mechanism for the development of national human capital in the conditions of building an innovative economy is proposed. Recommendations have been developed to ensure the eff ectiveness of investments in the development and realization of the country's human capital.

Формирование конкурентоспособного человеческого капитала как приоритетное направление развития рынка труда

The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that in the conditions of rapid transformation of the Russian economy the existing labor resources are not ready to compete in the labor market, as well as to rapidly adapt to the given pace of technological development of the country. For further qualitative development of human capital, it is necessary to assess the impact of possible factors, on which its competitiveness depends to a greater extent. Thus, the article identifies age periods of the life cycle of human capital, each period has its own individual characteristics and development trends. The algorithm of formation of competitive human capital is presented in order to determine the optimal and prospective development scenario.

HUMAN RESOURCES AS AN EVALUATION CRITERIA QUALITIES OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM

The article presents the definition and assessment of the role of human potential in ensuring the quality of the implementation of the educational program in the conditions of higher education. It has been proven that the European integration of Ukraine involves ensuring the quality of higher education in order to prepare a competitive specialist for the domestic and international labor market. Specialist training is a multidimensional process that requires special attention to human potential and human resources. Creating adequate conditions for the preparation of competitive human capital also requires a decent level of scientific and pedagogical workers involved in the implementation of the educational program.It is well-founded that the quality of implementation of educational programs depends on the activity of cooperation of internal and external stakeholders. The quality of the implementation of the educational program will be facilitated by systematic measures to improve the professionalism of teachers and the effectiveness of clear and transparent procedures for monitoring the professionalism of scientific and pedagogical workers.It was established that the management of the educational program at the academic level is carried out by the guarantor, whose task is the organization of the collegial development of the educational program, the implementation of quality control of the work of scientific and pedagogical workers, the analysis and implementation of the best experience of world and domestic higher education in the content and technology of the implementation of the educational program; interaction with employers and graduates, etc.It is proven that the development of the educational program requires an effective system of personnel development, the creation of opportunities for self-improvement and self-development of scientific and pedagogical workers who implement the educational program, a systematic study of their professional needs and requests.
 Keywords: quality of education; quality of the educational program; human resources; stakeholders; guarantor; scientific and pedagogical workers; employers; evaluation criteria.

Reproduction of Competitive Human Capital as a Factor of Ensuring Russia's Economic Security in the Global Economy

The growing interest in the study of the reproduction of competitive human capital is caused by the destabilization of the political, social and economic situation in the world in the conditions of pandemics and the sanctions policy of the countries of the «golden billion». The implementing of artificial intelligence leads to the reduction of even the elite layer in the labor market, such as IT specialists. Enterprises of basic industries and related industries face a decrease in demand and reduce staff. The digitization of processes results in personnel reductions in sectors that provide financial, informational, and other services. Job cuts — reduction in disposable income — reduction in demand — reduction in economic growth — reduction in investment resources and opportunities: all this requires the search for new levers to improve efficiency and life security. The analysis of modern economic scientific literature shows an underestimation of the reproduction characteristics of a specific factor and investment resource — a person, his creative component in the process of its productive use. The reproductive perspective allows for the alignment of interests among all parties involved in the production process within a company, the creation of value-added chains at regional and national levels, and serves as a key factor in increasing their competitiveness in global markets. This approach fits well with the search for mechanisms to ensure economic security at all three levels: micro, meso and macro in the global economy of a multipolar world.

Healthcare and education problems of Georgia in terms of human capital development

The human factor acquires a more essential role and importance in the aspects of management, monitoring and activation of socio-economic processes day by day. This is possible to achieve the effectiveness of the socio-economic development of the country, according to a number of indicators: by increasing the specific share of specialists with a high level of professionalism in all spheres of government, by increasing the specific share of highly qualified labor of workers, by raising their level of education and by making the most of the potential of those persons who are involved in the formation of human capital. They participate in the accumulation-use system. The purpose of the study is to analyze the human capital development opportunities in the health and education sectors of Georgia, the level of knowledge of the human resources in the sector, thus this is and will be a decisive factor in the development of the sector. As well, we will study and describe investment and management problems in both fields, using the basic elements of human capital – healthcare capital and educational capital as an example. In the era of globalization, the demand for human capital is increasing. Innovative development of the country and industries is a long process. Healthcare and education are key elements of human capital and the backbone of innovative development. Therefore, the formation and development of competitive human capital, as the main factor for the activation of innovative processes in the country and sectors, its strengthening for achieving an effective level of economic growth and competitiveness should be a priority.

Modernization of quality assurance system in higher education of Azerbaijan

Today, one of the long-term development goals of Azerbaijan is to train competitive human capital in higher education in the 21st century in accordance with the modern requirements of the labour market. In this context, the modernisation of the quality assurance system in higher education in Azerbaijan is one of the priority issues. The article analyses the issues of quality assurance in the legal framework of Azerbaijan, the Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area and current legislation and makes relevant recommendations to improve regulations. The modernisation of quality assurance at foreign universities is one of the current focus areas. In order to transform university graduates into internationally competitive human capital, to eliminate the difference between the professional qualifications offered by universities and the specialisations sought, the article offers theoretical and practical suggestions to universities to modernise quality assurance.

Managing formation of competitive human capital in project-oriented companies

The most important assets in project-oriented companies are knowledge and experience that are in its human capital. The goal of our quantitative correlation study is to gain insight on the role of the effective use of intellectual capital concerning the financial performance of the airlines in Kazakhstan through Project Management tools. Leading airlines in Kazakhstan provided information about human capital management through an online survey organized by SurveyMonkey. Airline HC's performance is based on the Intelligent Value-Added Index (VAIC) method and theoretical framework. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to test a hypothetical relationship between variables. The results of our study showed a strong significant positive relationship between human capital management and the financial performance of airlines in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The results also show that the success of airlines depends on the expertise and competitive knowledge of its human capital.

HUMAN CAPITAL TRANSFORMATION AND BUSINESS POTENTIAL UTILIZATION FACTORS IN THE AUTONOMOUS REPUBLIC OF ADJARA

იამზე სურმანიძე 
 ბათუმის შოთა რუსთაველის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი
 საქართველო
 
 სტატიის მიზანია აჭარის ავტონომიურ რესპუბლიკაში ადამიანისეული კაპი­ტა­ლის განვითარების პოტენციალის და მათი ეკონომიკური აქტივობის დონის შეფასება. სტა­ტიაში ჩამოყალიბებულია რეგიონში ადამიანისეული კაპიტალის ფორმირების თა­ვი­სებურებები, მისი განვითარების აუცილებლობა ბიზნესის პოტენციალის გამოყენების ფა­ქ­ტორებთან ერთად რეგიონის მდგრადი სოციალურ-ეკონომიკური განვითა­რე­ბის­ათ­ვის. 
 სტატიაში გამოკვეთილია ის საშიშროებები და საფრთხეები, რაც ემუქრება ადა­მია­ნი­სეული კაპიტალის და მცირე და საშუალო ბიზნესის სამომავლო განვითარებას აჭა­რა­ში, აღნიშნულია ადეკვატური ღონისძიებების განხორციელების აუცილებლობა. საბო­ლო­ოდ დადგინდა, რომ კონკურენტუნარიანი ადამიანისეული კაპიტალის ფორმირების და ეფექტური გამოყენების სწორი პოლიტიკა, ინოვაციური მეწარმეობის ხელშეწყობა, ად­გილობრივი რესურსული პოტენციალის ოპტიმალური გამოყენების და წარმოების მას­ტიმულირებელი პოლიტიკის განხორციელება არის რეგიონის განვითარების უმნ­იშვ­ნელოვანესი სტრატეგია.
 საკვანძო სიტყვები: ადამიანისეული კაპიტალი, რეგიონული ბიზნესი, ინო­ვა­ცი­უ­რი მეწარმეობა, ბიზნესის პოტენციალი, დემოგრაფიული რესურსი.

The Examining of Entrepreneurial Intention Among Students with Entrepreneurial Education and Individual Value: Mediation Role of Human Capital

<p>This study aims to examine the mediating role of human capital on the effect of entrepreneurial education and individual value on entrepreneurial intention. This research was conducted on students majoring in business at a university in Bali with a population of 7,246 people. A sample of 379 and data was collected using a questionnaire that returned as much as 279. Testing the research model using PLS-SEM with WarpPLS 7.0. The findings show that entrepreneurial education influence human capital, and individual value has an effect on human capital. Entrepreneurial education can influence entrepreneurial intention. Individuals could an effect on entrepreneurial intention, human capital can influence entrepreneurial intention. This study also found that human capital was able to partially mediate the influence of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial intention. Human capital was almost not able to mediate individual value on entrepreneurial intention. This study shows evidence of the importance of entrepreneurship education and individual value for creating competitive human capital in generating entrepreneurial intentions. These findings also provide an understanding of developing entrepreneurial intention models with an entrepreneurial education system and value strategies that shape the competitiveness of human capital.</p>

MODERN CHALLENGES IN AGRIBUSINESS

The article discusses the role of agribusiness in the country's economy. It also outlines strategies aimed at creating an enabling environment for small and medium-sized enterprises, increasing their competitiveness and innovation opportunities, resulting in increased incomes and employment generation, and thus achieving inclusive and sustainable economic growth. The Government of Georgia has implemented and continues to implement programs for the development of the agricultural sector in the following directions: 1. The further improvement of the legislative, institutional business environment; 2. Improving access to finance; 3. Development of competitive human capital, entrepreneurial skills and modern entrepreneurial culture; 4. Export promotion and the internationalization of small and medium-sized businesses; 5. Supporting innovations, research and development. The article discusses what damage the pandemic has caused to the country's population and farmers. An analysis of the research results is also given, which revealed challenge facing small entrepreneurs engaged in the agricultural sector and those who are interested in agribusiness. The following training modules were conducted to address these problems: • Risk management; • The selection of marketing research methods, • Exploring new sources of funding; • Organizing marketing events; • Aspects of farming.

Monitoring the psycho-emotional state of students as an important element of successful educational and professional activities

The authors of this article collected and analyzed research materials that reveal the essence of the concept of psycho-emotional state and its impact on the quality of educational activities of students in the new paradigm of higher education. The standards are based on a competency-based approach and share the philosophy (principles and values) of the European Higher Education Area as defined in the Bologna Communiqué and the European Commission's International Project on Harmonization of Educational Structures in Europeю.
 The competency approach is such that it is focused on the degree of formation of professional, general cultural competencies and not on the assessment of acquired knowledge and skills. This means that the field of education for the formation and improvement of a particular person is changing the ways of organizing educational systems. In the competency approach, systematic knowledge of the world around the graduate is replaced by a set of narrow-profile knowledge for orientation in the space of the profession, while they do not provide opportunities for young professionals to change that space. Given the fact that one of the main tasks of higher education in Ukraine is the creation of competitive human capital, the requirements for a person, his physical and mental qualities are changing. At present, it is important for an individual to learn to live fully in the new energy of social and moral tension, to be ready to learn throughout life, to work effectively in the context of globalization and multiculturalism.

The Impact of Education on the Formation of Business Mentality among Young People

Entrepreneurship is one of the best ways to overcome the main challenge of the modern economy - unemployment. The effective way to reduce unemployment in a short period is to promote the development of small and medium-sized businesses, one of the most important areas of economic reform in the country. The creation of new jobs depends on the effective functioning of this sector, in which it is crucial to create an adequate educational base, to develop a modern business mentality and potential among the population, especially young people, and consequently, to form a competitive human capital. We can consider that the involvement of young people in economic activities, that will increase their motivation and activation is a global challenge. Therefore, the study of entrepreneurial attitudes among the young population, the formation and research of the business mentality relevant to modernity is of great importance for the planning and implementation of policies that are crucial for contribution of entrepreneurship. Keywords: Youth Business Mentality, Entrepreneurial Education.

The Role of Competitive Human Capital in Improving Investment Attractiveness and Business Environment

Human capital is a major asset of modern society. Today, the successful economic development can only be achieved through competitive human capital and its share in national wealth, especially in developed countries, reaches 70-90%. It determines the competitiveness of the economic systems, becomes the main resource for economic growth and development, based on that, the economy of a country becomes more high-technology-, updated information-, innovations-oriented. Therefore, it is necessary to invest equally in all components of human capital, if we want to get a lasting effect. Otherwise, an interesting, relevant business environment for investors can not be created. The corono-economic crisis has shown us the new opportunities, that the solution to the global problems caused by the pandemic, the recovery and development of a stagnant economy can only be achieved by creatively-minded, creative people, or competitive human capital. Keywords: Human capital, investment, competitiveness, innovation.

The effect of quality of education on disruptive innovations: a cross-country analysis

Building on the institutional theory, the study tests the effect of quality of education on disruptive innovations across countries. Fixed and mixed effect models were used to estimate a conceptual framework with 394 observations from a three-year panel data on 151 (42 advanced and 109 developing) countries. Results show that the quality of education is positively associated with disruptive innovations and positively influences quality labour force across countries. Also, the quality labour force mediates a positive association between the quality of education and disruptive innovations. While the developing economies are associated with disruptive innovations, the advanced economies do not. However, the quality of higher education institutions (HEIs) of developing economies is inadequate and unable to adequately supply the competitive human capital that can independently affect disruptive innovations. Thus, the study offers suggestions for policymakers in the institutions of developing economies.

ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OFREORGANIZATION

The subject of the research is the sources of financing of secondary schools in Ukraine and the directions of their optimization are determined. The aim is to study the features of financing of secondary schools in the context of reorganization and to determine ways of economic stimulation of their activities on the basis of the principle “money follows the child”. Research methodology. The work was carried out on the basis of Article 53 of the Constitution of Ukraine, normative acts, legislative acts, financial reports, scientific research of domestic and foreign scientists and practitioners. Research methods: statistical, graphic, statistical and economic, methods of comparison, analysis. The results of the study of the current state of financing of secondary school institutions indicate that in order to solve the problems of the industry, it is necessary to develop a coherent system of measures that will be aimed at ensuring its effective development, taking into account the requirements of European standards. The study also indicates the need for a decentralization reform Scope of the study results. In the context of decentralization and administrative reform, investment in human capital is becoming a leading priority aimed at strategic actions aimed at the economic prosperity of the country. The study of the current state of financing of general education institutions proves that improving the material and technical base, decent wages of teachers make it possible to put the student in the center of attention and create conditions for his harmonious development, and this will provide an opportunity to create competitive human capital for the national economy. To achieve world standards in the field of education, it is necessary to carry out reforms that will provide an effective system of financing. Conclusions. Consequently, the budget deficit for secondary schools affects the decline in the quality and efficiency of educational services. The system of management and control over the activities of budgetary institutions should play a special role. To improve the situation in the field of education financing, it is necessary to form the implementation of budgetary expenditures based on a combination of domestic and international experience, partly from the experience of neighboring Poland, for this it is necessary to carry out an education reform.

EDUCATION REFORM IN UKRAINE: THE EVOLUTION OF SCIENTIFIC IDEAS (2001-2021)

In recent years, the education sector has been a key player in nation- and state-building, a leading social institu- tion responsible for innovative human development, the formation of competitive human capital, so the leading task of the Ukrainian state was and remains a functioning and self-sufficient national education system. would progressive traditions of the past, correspond to new social relations and accumulate innovative potential for fur- ther development. However, despite a number of positive developments in national education in recent years, the historically accumulated inconsistency of domestic education and science with best European and world practice is still acute. The article attempts to theoretically investigate the evolution of scientific views on the development and reform of education in Ukraine through the prism of publications of authors-researchers on the pages of the scientific professional publication «Pedagogical education: theory and practice. Psychology. Pedagogy» and the results of a comprehensive analysis of the state and development of national education for the 30-year period of indepen- dence of Ukraine, presented in analytical publications of the NAPS of Ukraine: White Book of National Education (2010), National Report on the state and prospects of education in Ukraine (2011, 2016, 2021). Attention is paid to the continuum of current problems in the educational sphere, assessment of the current state and short- term prospects of Ukrainian education and scientific substantiation of ways to modernize national education in the cross section of two planes — the position of leading NAPS scientists and practitioners. Building the concept of research of evolution of views, ideas, positions, beliefs of educational community on actual questions of development of education through a prism of scientific publications of authors of the researched edition, we outlined for ourselves two strategic vectors of the analysis: features of formation of the national self- sufficient integral system of education of the sovereign country for the periods 2001-2010, 2011-2015 and 2016- 2021 and the analytical characteristic of a focus of scientific attention of educators-contributors of magazine «Pedagogical education: theory and practice. Psychology. Pedagogy» in the studied periods.

Gender inequality

The article deals with gender inequality in the economic, political and social spheres of Ukraine and the key reasons for gender imbalance in the observation and realization of gender rights. The topicality of the article is predetermined by the necessity of the systemic solution to the problem of gender equality in Ukraine that is declared in the country’s constitution as the pivotal principle of safeguarding legal rights and freedoms of people in a democratic state.The authors have made an analysis of the Ukrainian norms and laws in force as well as some ratified international treaties in the sphere of gender equality insurance. The current state of realization of the main directions of social policy of Ukraine in the sphere of gender equality has been determined on the basis of the World Economic Forum and in particular the analysis of the index of gender discrepancy in certain spheres of human activity as well as the gender monitoring of the representation of candidates in the special election of people’s deputies of Ukraine in 2014 and 2019. The impact of gender discrimination against women on the social economic development of the world countries and their national wealth level has been considered.The study has allowed revealing a positive tendency in the realization of women’s right to participate and be represented in the economic and political spheres of Ukrainian activity and offering further necessary state measures in the social policy pertaining to the eradication of gender asymmetry in the Ukrainian society. The need of redirecting the government gender policy to more effective measures for overcoming gender inequality, gender segregation and multiple forms of discrimination against women under the conditions of the severe economic, political and social upheavals in Ukraine has been pointed to. The authors have come to the conclusion that the development of the political and juridical concept of eradication of gender discrimination against women in Ukraine is the pledge of sustainable development of the Ukrainian society which in its turn is a necessary condition for forming a competitive human capital of the country that has chosen the Eurointergation foreign policy course.

Protectionism of incompetence as a factor in blocking the improvement of the quality for domestic higher education

Protectionism of incompetence as a factor in blocking the improvement of the quality for domestic higher education

Mechanism for the formation and functioning of a model for the reproduction of human capital

The purpose of this article is to determine the mechanisms of formation and functioning of the reproductionof human capital that currently exist on the market. The subject of the article is the analysis andstudy of the mechanisms of formation and functioning of the model of reproduction of human capital,and the object is real connections and processes in the economy that appear in the process of formationand functioning of human capital in the current market and the country’s economy. The importance ofthe enterprise in the implementation of the mechanism of reproduction of human capital; types of marketmechanisms for the development and functioning of the modification of the reproduction of competitivehuman capital; sociocultural scheme of competitiveness of human capital; analysis of regulatory algorithmsin the human capital market are considered. In this article, general scientific methods are applied,involving a comprehensive, systematic approach to solving problems, induction and deduction, theunity of qualitative and quantitative, historical and logical analysis, synthesis, scientific abstraction, and statistical methods. The methodology for the reproduction of human capital has not yet been formulated,or to be more precise, it has not been fully described. In modern times, society requires the use of morequalified and competitive human capital, forcing enterprises to seek and apply various types of marketmechanisms for the reproduction of human capital. In this regard, the determination of the mechanismsof formation and functioning of the model of reproduction of human capital is a very important andrelevant topic. Various approaches to the study of the formation and functioning of human capital —institutional and functional approaches – are examined. The conclusion is drawn on the importance ofstate regulation of some mechanisms for the formation of the reproduction of human capital, that it isnecessary to return to the state the role of an “instrument of an accurate superstructure” of market mechanismsfor the functioning of the human capital market; that the main condition in the formation of humancapital is considered the process of investing in human capital, i.e. investment.

Features of New Forms of Implementation of Human Capital in the Digital Economy

The development of digital communication technologies and their implementation in all aspects of the life of the population creates new opportunities for the realization of human capital. «Digital» employment has certain characteristics, the analysis of which is necessary to assess the impact of digitalization on the use of human capital of the population, which makes this area of research highly relevent. The objectives of the research are to determine the characteristics of new forms of employment and identify the consequences of their development for the population. The study identified the following forms of employment related to the digital economy: remote employment (remote jobs, outsourcing, freelance), a shared economy (co-consumption, co-production), creation and maintenance of Internet resources (blogs). The study determined features of each of these forms and their effect on employment. In particular, we analyzed such consequences as the market expansion for information services and products and the involvement of previously unused human capital in the production process are analyzed. In addition, the study examined the impact of digital employment on the stratification of the population by income level. As a result, we concluded that the development of Internet infrastructure is not enough for the successful use of digital forms of employment. It is necessary to develop digital literacy and create conditions for the formation of competitive human capital in the regions.