Aggressive Competition Research Articles

Entrepreneurial marketing and business performance in SMEs: the mediating role of competitive aggressiveness

Entrepreneurial marketing and business performance in SMEs: the mediating role of competitive aggressiveness

Variation in farming damselfish behaviour creates a competitive landscape of risk on coral reefs.

Interspecific interactions are fundamental drivers of animal space use. Yet while non-consumptive effects of predation risk on prey space use are well-known, the risk of aggressive interactions on space use of competitors is largely unknown. We apply the landscape of risk framework to competition-driven space use for the first time, with the hypothesis that less aggressive competitors may alter their behaviour to avoid areas of high competitor density. Specifically, we test how aggressive risk from territorial algal-farming damselfishes can shape the spatial distribution of herbivore fish competitors. We found that only the most aggressive damselfish had fewer competitors in their surrounding area, demonstrating that individual-level behavioural variation can shape spatial distributions. In contradiction to the landscape of risk framework, abundances of farming damselfish and other fishes were positively associated. Our results suggest that reef fishes do not simply avoid areas of high damselfish abundance, but that spatial variation in aggressive behaviour, rather than of individuals, created a competitive landscape of risk. We emphasize the importance of individual-level behaviour in identifying patterns of space use and propose expanding the landscape of risk framework to non-predatory interactions to explore cascading behavioural responses to aggressive risk.

The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence Level and Conflict Management Strategies for Female Practicing Nurses with Dual Roles in the Inpatient Room of RSUD Sumedang

The nursing environment is unique and has the potential for conflicts to arise. Effective conflict management is crucial for redirecting disputes in a constructive direction. Emotional intelligence , as an internal personality characteristic, significantly influences conflict management. This research aims to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and conflict management strategies. A quantitative methodology was employed, utilizing Spearman Rho correlation analysis to analyze the data. The sample in this study consisted of 107 female practicing nurses with multiple roles in the inpatient ward of RSUD Sumedang, selected using the proportional random sampling technique. The alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted, indicating a significant relationship between the level of emotional intelligence and the conflict management strategies of competing, collaborating, compromising, avoiding, and accommodating, with significance levels and correlation coefficients, namely <.001 (-0.510), <.001 (0.614), 0.038 (0.201), <.001 (-0.757), and <.001 (0.688), respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the level of emotional intelligence is positively correlated with conflict management strategies such as collaborating, compromising, and accommodating. Meanwhile, conflict management strategies involving avoiding and competing show a negative correlation. This demonstrates that selecting a constructive conflict management strategy requires a high level of emotional intelligence . Conversely, nurses possessing elevated emotional intelligence may lean towards avoiding or refraining from aggressive competition in conflict situations to preserve positive relationships among colleagues. Hence, there is a need for comprehensive development of emotional intelligence and conflict management training.

Investors response to different dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation

Purpose Leveraging signalling theory and institutional environment theory, this study aims to examine how the entrepreneurial orientation of emerging market firms impacts initial public offering (IPO) performance. Design/methodology/approach The authors conduct regression analysis based on archival data from 312 firms’ IPOs in India. Findings The results in the Indian context suggest it differs from IPO performance in developed markets. In an emerging market context, the findings suggest that only competitive aggressiveness is valued by investors in IPOs. The findings further show that proactiveness and autonomy negatively influence IPO underpricing. Research limitations/implications The research propositions imply that, owing to institutional voids in emerging markets, investors’ risk propensity and, hence, rewarding a firm’s entrepreneurial orientation differ from those in developed markets. Originality/value Extant literature has given limited attention to the dynamics of entrepreneurial orientation and the effect of each dimension of entrepreneurial orientation on IPO performance in emerging markets.

Revisiting the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on SMEs’ organizational performance

This study investigates the impact of five dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation (risk-taking, proactiveness, innovativeness, aggressiveness, and autonomy), an independent variable, on SMEs’ organizational performance in Bangladesh. The study surveyed 237 SMEs’ owners (out of 300, with a response rate of 79%) in Gazipur district, Bangladesh. Cronbach’s alpha (α) value of 0.70 was used to examine the reliability of the constructs in this study. Drawing from earlier research, a five-point Likert scale questionnaire was constructed to assess the links between entrepreneurial orientation and SMEs’ organizational performance. The dependent variable in this study was SMEs’ organizational performance, which was based on business growth, change in number of employees, profitability, and sales growth. The hypotheses were tested using SPSS with a 95% confidence interval. The results suggest that all five dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation positively affect the organizational performance of SMEs in Bangladesh. It is evident that proactiveness (β-value = 0.330) has the greatest effect on SMEs’ organizational performance, and competitive aggressiveness has the least effect (β-value = 0.230). The independent variables explain a significant proportion of the variability observed in SMEs’ organizational performance (R2 = 57.4%). The research outcomes offer valuable implications for entrepreneurs, policymakers, and academics. AcknowledgmentThe authors acknowledge the Accounting Research Institute (ARI)-HICoE.

Correlation Between Corporate Entrepreneurship and Organizational Performance in Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria

The study assessed the correlation between corporate entrepreneurship dimensions and performance of selected deposit money banks in Nigeria. Specific objectives include to: evaluate the correlation between corporate entrepreneurship dimensions (value creation) and customers’ retention and investigate the correlation between corporate entrepreneurship dimensions (competitive aggressiveness) and market value performance. A survey research design was used. Total population of the study was nine fifty (950) staff of Deposit Money Banks. Sample size was two hundred and eighty-one (281) using Taro Yamane formular. The convenient sampling method was adopted used while structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. It was found that value creation had insignificant relationship with customers’ retention and competitive aggressiveness had a significant relationship with market value performance. Based on the findings, the study concluded that corporate entrepreneurship dimensions correlated significantly with performance of selected deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study recommends that it is highly recommended that value creation of top management should indulge the opinion of their customers through questionnaires and feedback mechanism. This would give the organisation an insight to what the customers’ expectations regarding new things that are brawling up in similar competitive organisations. In the same vein indulging customer’s opinion while launching new products, would make them feel carried along and valuable. Keywords: Corporate Entrepreneurship Organizational Performance, Deposit Money Banks

A Duopolistic Analysis of CEO Competitive Aggressiveness with R&D Investment

While chief executive officer (CEO) competitive aggressiveness can be frequently observed in competitive industries with heavy R&D (research and development) investment, studies on its impact on R&D strategies and hiring strategies for competing firms are rare. This article builds a Cournot-based game model to examine this issue and obtain many novel findings in a competitive duopolistic market. In particular, compared with two firms hiring noncompetitive CEOs, hiring competitive CEOs may hinder rather than stimulate R&D investment when the aggressiveness of competitive CEOs remains relatively weak. Our analysis reveals that despite conflicting interests, firms may choose to hire competitive CEOs. Specifically, when competitive CEOs’ aggressiveness is rather low, both firms hire competitive CEOs to gain an output advantage; otherwise, they hire different types of CEOs to avoid head-to-head competition. A prisoner dilemma occurs when two firms choose competitive CEOs because they would be better off when hiring noncompetitive CEOs. Then, although the presence of competitive CEOs always improves total industry output, bilateral competition brings about the lowest total industry profit because fierce output competition substantially reduces prices. Interestingly, unilateral competition enhances total industry profit when the aggressiveness of competitive CEOs remains rather strong. Finally, this study shows that the endogenous aggressive nature of competitive CEOs does not qualitatively alter these main results.

The Mediating Effect of Technology Adoption in the Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Orientation and Sustainable Entrepreneurship Values among Fintech Organizations in Malaysia

The objective of this paper is to examine the mediating role of technology adoption (TA) in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and sustainable entrepreneurship values (SEV) among Fintech organizations in Malaysia. The proposed model was evaluated through the utilization of SmartPLS-SEM 4.0.9.9. Information from Fintech organizations in Malaysia was gathered via a self-administered questionnaire. 260 questionnaires out of 294 have been incorporated into statistical analyses. Both EO and TA have favorable and statistically significant benefits on SEV. Furthermore, the impact of EO characteristics (risk-taking, pro-activeness, innovativeness, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomy) on SEV is mediated by TA. It is highly suggested that Fintech organizations in Malaysia adopt EO and cultivate the inventive potential that results from it to increase their resilience to Fintech offerings and disruptions. The findings also support and extend both the resource-based view theory and the extended Technology Acceptance Model into a collaborative framework. EO and TA are the resources and capabilities applied in Fintech organizations, with TA being a mediator that stimulates the reflection of that affiliation as examined. This paper has contributed to the extant literature and suggests future studies to extend the study by employing varied methodological analysis.

More or complex actions? Effects of supply networks on firms' competitive aggressiveness

PurposeThis study investigates the extent to which a firm’s centrality and autonomy in its supply network are associated with the intensity and complexity of its competitive actions.Design/methodology/approachUtilizing social network analysis and dynamic panel data models, this study analyzes a comprehensive panel dataset with 10,802 firm-year observations across various industries between 2011 and 2018 to test the hypotheses.FindingsOur findings show that a firm’s level of centrality in its supply network has an inverted U-shaped relationship with both competitive intensity and competitive complexity. In addition, the turning points of these two inverted U-shaped relationships differ in that firms with a lower level of centrality tend to compete aggressively by launching more actions within fewer categories, while firms with a higher level of centrality tend to compete aggressively by launching fewer actions that cover a larger range of categories. Finally, we find that a firm’s structural autonomy has a positive relationship with competitive complexity.Originality/valueThis study bridges the gap between the supply chain management literature and strategic management literature and investigates how supply networks shape competitive aggressiveness. In particular, this research investigates how a firm’s structural position in its supply network affects its competitive actions, an important intermediate mechanism for competitive advantage that has been overlooked in the supply chain management literature.

Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Small and Medium Enterprises Performance

The study aims to investigate the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on small and medium enterprises' performance. A survey-based quantitative research design was used to collect primary data from registered SMEs. There are 3010 registered small and medium-sized enterprises. A stratified sampling technique was used for calculating sample size, and 353 respondents were selected for data collection with the help of a questionnaire; analysis was performed through descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentages, and regression analysis were performed. The result shows There is a positive impact of risk-taking on small and medium sized enterprises' performance, a positive impact of innovation on small and medium-sized enterprises' performance, a positive impact of proactiveness on small and medium-sized enterprises' performance, a positive impact of autonomy the on small and medium-size enterprises' performance. The competitive aggressiveness has a positive impact on small and medium-size enterprises' performance. The study recommended the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and SME performance is a topic of significant significance and potential for providing clues to the keys to success in this vital economic sector. When we know how entrepreneurial orientation affects SME performance, policy leaders in government and businesses, financial institutions or industry associations, and other stakeholders will be able to devise tailored strategies that promote a favourable environment for the growth and continued existence of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises; Further research can also shed light on some of the actionable advice for SMEs to improve their entrepreneurial capability and competitive advantage.

Phasing real estate projects considering profitability and customer satisfaction

PurposeThe aggressive competition in the real estate market forces real estate developers to tackle the challenge of selecting the best project construction phasing alternative. The real estate industry is characterized by high costs, high profit and high risks. The schedules of real estate projects are also characterized by having large number of repetitive activities that are executed over a long duration. The repetitiveness, long duration of execution, the high amounts of money involved and the high risk made it desirable to leverage the impact of changes in phasing plans on net present value of amounts incurred and received over the long execution and selling duration. This also changes the project progress, and delivery time as well as their respective impact on customer degree of satisfaction. This research addresses the problem of selecting the best phasing alternative for real estate development projects while maximizing customer satisfaction and project profit.Design/methodology/approachThe research proposes a model that generates all construction phasing alternatives and performs decision-making to rank all possible phasing alternatives. The proposed model consists of five modules: (1) Phasing Sequencing module, (2) Customer Satisfaction module, (3) Cash-In calculation module, (4) Cost Estimation module and (5) Decision-making module. A case study was presented to demonstrate the practicality of the model.FindingsThe proposed model satisfies the real estate market's need for proper construction phasing plans evaluation and selection against the project's main success criteria, customer satisfaction and project profit. The proposed model generates all construction phasing alternatives and performs multi-criteria decision making to rank all possible phasing alternatives. It quantifies the score of the two previously mentioned criteria and ranks all solutions according to their overall score.Research limitations/implicationsThe research proposes a model that assist real estate market's need for proper construction phasing plans evaluation and selection against the project's main success criteria, customer satisfaction and project profit. The proposed model can be used to conclude general guidelines and common successful practices to be used by real estate developers when deciding the construction phasing plan. In this study the model is based on business models where all the project units are sold, rental cases are not considered. Also, the budget limitations that might exist when phasing is not considered in the model computations.Originality/valueThe model can be used as a complete platform that can hold all real estate project data, process revenues and cost information for estimating profit, plotting cash flow profiles, quantifying the degree of customer satisfaction attributable to each phasing alternative and providing recommendation showing the best one. The model can be used to conclude general guidelines and common successful practices to be used by real estate developers when tackling the challenge of selecting construction phasing plans.

When breaking glass ceiling leads to glass screens: gender differences in civility and competitive aggressiveness in esports

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether gender differences exist in terms of the perceived response to civility as well as competitive aggressiveness and anger in esports. There is a dearth of literature on how these variables affect male and female participation in esports. To fill this gap, a total of 84 professional esports players from 27 different countries completed a quantitative survey of measures related to their competitive aggressiveness and anger and their perception of civil behaviours among competitors. Results revealed that female players perceived lower levels of civility compared to male participants who displayed higher competitive aggressiveness. No significant difference was found between gender regarding anger behaviours. This paper adds to the work in civility, diversity-gender and equity research area in esports. Specifically, it highlights how male and female professional players perceive civility while emphasising some factors that jeopardise gender equality when facing competition.

Relationship between entrepreneurial orientation, innovative co-branding partnership, and business performance

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO), innovative co-branding partnership, and business performance. EO was analyzed through five dimensions: innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomy. METHODOLOGY: As part of the first phase of brand management research, the quantitative survey was conducted in June 2023 among managers of companies operating in Poland using an online questionnaire. 280 responses were obtained, of which 266 questionnaires were qualified for further calculations. Incomplete questionnaires were eliminated. Hypotheses were formulated regarding the positive impact of the five dimensions of EO (innovation, proactivity, risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomy) on business performance and innovative co-branding partnership, and the positive impact of innovative co-branding partnership on business performance. Structural equation modeling using partial least squares (PLS-SEM) was applied to support the conceptual framework and proposed hypotheses. The calculations were performed in Smart PLS version 4.0.9.5. FINDINGS: The results indicate that three EO dimensions (innovativeness, proactiveness, and competitive aggressiveness) influence business performance. There was no effect of risk-taking and autonomy on business performance. In addition, three EO dimensions (innovativeness, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomy) influence innovative co-branding partnership. No effect of risk-taking and proactivity was found on innovative co-branding partnership. This means that two EO dimensions (innovativeness and competitive aggressiveness) positively influence innovative co-branding partnership and business performance. Furthermore, innovative co-branding partnership was proven to influence business performance. IMPLICATIONS for theory and practice: The results of the study point to theoretical implications for further exploration of entrepreneurial orientation and its dimensions. The practical implications relate to recommendations for managers. Managers should make efforts to increase innovation, market activity, and competitiveness of the market offer. It is necessary to monitor the actions taken in the context of their impact on selected market, consumer, product, and brand performance. In addition, managers should analyze the possibilities of undertaking cooperation of this nature to increase business performance. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: This study provides a better understanding of the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on business performance using innovative co-branding. Compared to previous studies, it has an advantage in research by introducing the issue of innovative co-branding, which can be used for the development of new business activities. In addition, this study focuses on several areas of business performance, including product, brand, consumer, and financial performance.

Alumni Network Centrality and Competitive Aggressiveness

Alumni Network Centrality and Competitive Aggressiveness

Entrepreneurial Education as a Covariate Between Entrepreneur Orientation and Entrepreneurial Intention amongst Graduating Students of Private Universities in Abuja, FCT – Nigeria.

Entrepreneurship has become a key driver of economic growth, attracting increasing attention globally. In the African context, including Nigeria, entrepreneurial education is recognized as a crucial intervention to foster entrepreneurial intentions and promote economic progress. This study examines the covariate effect of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial intention among graduating students of private universities in Abuja, FCT – Nigeria. The research explores the relationship between independent variables (Need for Achievement, Passion for Business Creation, Risk Propensity, Competitive Aggressiveness, and Self-Efficacy) and combined dependent variables (Entrepreneur Orientation and Entrepreneurial Intention) while controlling for the covariate variable of entrepreneurial education. The findings indicate that the independent variables and entrepreneurial education do not significantly influence Entrepreneurial Orientation and Entrepreneurial Intention. Policymakers and educators should consider broader contextual factors to foster entrepreneurship among graduating students in the Nigerian context.

The Influence of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Social and Economic Benefits with Shared Value Creation as Moderization in Sumedang MSMEs

This research aims to investigate the influence of entrepreneurial orientation on social and economic benefits with the creation of shared value as a moderator in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Sumedang. Entrepreneurial orientation is measured through aspects such as innovation, proactiveness, risk taking, competitive aggressiveness and autonomy. Social and economic benefits are assessed as a result of MSME entrepreneurial activities, while the creation of shared value is considered a factor that moderates the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and the benefits generated. This research uses the Partial Least Square (PLS) method to test the relationship between variables. The results are expected to provide additional insight regarding the factors that influence the social and economic benefits of MSMEs in Sumedang, as well as the moderating role of shared value creation in this context. It is hoped that the findings of this research will provide guidance for stakeholders, including entrepreneurs, government and academics, to increase the contribution of MSMEs to social and economic development in the region.

ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND PERFORMANCE OF BUSINESS ENTERPRISES

The study examines the effect of entrepreneurial orientation on the performance of business enterprises. Five dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation which include Innovativeness, Risk Taking, Proactiveness, Autonomy, and Competitive Aggressiveness were used in the study and their effect on business enterprises in Ogun State, Nigeria. The study used a descriptive research survey and the population of the study consists of 200 business enterprises registered in the Ijebu Ode Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria, and a sample size of 132 from that population was determined using the Raosoft sample size estimator at a 5% error tolerance and 95% level of confidence. Out of the 132 questionnaires distributed, 113 were returned, giving the study a response rate of 86%. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially using SPSS. The findings indicated that Innovativeness, Proactiveness, Risk Taking, Autonomy and Competitive Aggressiveness had a significant effect on business enterprise performance with coefficient and p-value of β1 =0.283 (p-value <0.05), β2 =0.251 (p-value <0.05) β3 =0.281 (p-value <0.05), β4 =0.180 (p-value <0.05) and β5 =0.153 (p-value <0.05) respectively. It is concluded that entrepreneurial orientation is a strong factor in the achievement of the strategic aims and objectives of a business enterprise. It is recommended that businesses should continuously forecast into the future in order to identify likely market demands, pursue additional proactive measures to address those needs, and continuously be innovative and creative in order to further improve product quality and be able to introduce new products to the market that will stand the test of time.

Examination of Boxers' Aggression and Anger Levels and Vengeance Tendency in Sports in Terms of Different Variables

Research is a descriptive study conducted to examine aggression and anger levels and vengeance tendencies of boxers in different age categories who continue their active boxing lives in terms of different variables. The research was conducted on a voluntary basis in January 2023 on a total of 146 boxers, 125 men and 21 women, who continue their active boxing lives throughout Turkey. Research data have been gathered via the Personal Information Form, Competitive Aggressiveness and Anger Scale (CAAS) and Vengeance Scale (VS). Data analysis has been evaluated descriptive analysis techniques such as frequency, arithmetic mean, standard deviation and percentage distribution, independent sample t test, ANOVA test and Pearson correlation test. In conclusion, it has been designated that the anger level of national and international boxers was significantly higher, and athletes who trained 9 hours or more a week were more aggressive. It has been determined that athletes' anger, aggression and vengeance tendencies affect each other positively and at a high level.

Mediating Role of Organizational Change Readiness on Knowledge Management and Entrepreneurial Orientation for Innovation

The research aimed to explore factors that could help schools enhance their innovation which is challenging due to their institution nature. Three variables were investigated as the antecedents of innovations: entrepreneurial orientation, knowledge management, and organizational change readiness. In education, entrepreneurial orientation was gauged through five dimensions: innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking, autonomy, and competitive aggressiveness. The knowledge management process involved three dimensions: knowledge creation, knowledge sharing, and knowledge utilization. The relationship between knowledge management variables was formative, as no single dimension fully captured the entire process; each contributes uniquely. Organizational change readiness dimensions included changing commitment and change efficacy. Dependent variable innovation was assessed through technical, administrative, and managerial innovation. The empirical research was quantitative by design, and data were collected from 110 private secondary schools across Indonesia. The research model was tested using partial least squares – structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with the extended repeated indicator approach. The research finds that entrepreneurial orientation does not directly affect innovation, but it is fully mediated by organizational change readiness. Additionally, while knowledge management has a significant direct effect on innovation, organizational change readiness partially mediates the relationship. The research also highlights the importance of organizational change readiness, which has rarely been discussed in entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge management literature.

أثر التوجه الريادي على القدرات التسويقية: بحث استطلاعي في بعض شركات السفر والسياحة العراقية

The aim of this paper is to determine the impact of the entrepreneurial orientation through five dimensions: innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomy - on the marketing capabilities that include: pricing, product development, channel management, marketing communication, selling, market information management, marketing planning, and marketing implementation. The research was conducted in (23) Iraqi travel and tourism companies. Analytical descriptive research method. The questionnaire is the tool used to collect research data. Statistical programs (SPSS V.23 and AMOS V.23) were used to analyze the data. The study sample was randomly selected and consisted of (78) individuals from these companies. The research found a strong positive effect of the entrepreneurial orientation on the marketing capabilities, and that the greatest effect of the entrepreneurial orientation was on the pricing ability, and the least effect of the entrepreneurial orientation was on the ability of marketing communication. The research highlights on the level of variables and the nature of the relationships between them in the tourism sector in the Iraq.