Speaking Competence Research Articles

ЛІНГВАЛЬНІ ТА ЕКСТРАЛІНГВАЛЬНІ ЗАСАДИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПЕРСЬКОМОВНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ В ДІАЛОГІЧНОМУ МОВЛЕННІ МАЙБУТНІХ ПЕРЕКЛАДАЧІВ У СФЕРІ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ

Background: Training of future interpreters in the sphere of safeguarding state security envisages building speaking competence in dialogue. This competence is considered in the context of lingual and socio-cultural paradigm of language education, which involves determining linguistic and extralinguistic principles of dialogical speech in the sphere of Persian business communication. Building of Persian business communication skills is targeted at students’ gaining extra lingual knowledge of safeguarding of state security sphere, language tools that name concepts, phenomena, processes of this field, strategies and tactics of communication, language tools for their implementation, nonverbal communication tools, and elements of nonverbal behavior relevant to native speakers. Purpose: The purpose of the research is to characterize the linguistic and extra lingual principles of building Persian speaking skills in dialogue in future interpreters in the sphere of safeguarding state security. Results and Discussion: The study has revealed that in the professional communication of the indicated specialists the following functional types of dialogue are used: dialogue-questioning, dialogue-agreement, dialogue-discussion. These are realized through a range of communication strategies (strategy of establishing and maintaining relations, conflict-avoiding strategy, argument strategy, discrediting strategy). Additionally, the Persian language tools used to implement the identified strategies have been described. The main styles of the negotiation process such as business conversation, business telephone conversation, discussion as well as specific verbal and nonverbal means of communication have been considered. The prospect of further research is the development and empirical validation of methodology for building Persian speaking skills in dialogue of future interpreters in the sphere of safeguarding state security

The Effect of Interactive Fiction-Based Activities on Enhancing the Speaking Competence and Motivationof Secondary School Students

The Effect of Interactive Fiction-Based Activities on Enhancing the Speaking Competence and Motivationof Secondary School Students

INQUIRY-BASED LEARNING FOR STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL IMPROVEMENT: VOICES AND REALITIES FROM THE GROUND

To improve the students’ speaking proficiency is one of key focuses in EFL teaching. However, most students at intensive English (IE) program administered by the Language Center in the University of MI (pseudonym), one of state universities in Malang, still encounter several major problems in speaking English such as that they do not know what to say, they frequently get stuck, or they have such high levels of anxiety. These contribute much to the students’ limited speaking competence. Therefore, the current paper examines teaching and learning practice in IE program which focuses on speaking and listening skills and aims at formulating the appropriate implementation of inquiry-based learning to improve the students’ speaking skills. The data were collected through oral presentation test, questionnaire, field-notes, and interview. The criteria of success are that (1) every student gets a minimum score of 70, and (2) 75% of the class has positive attitude toward the strategy. The findings of the study revealed that the strategy could indeed improve the students’ speaking skill. In addition, it could increase their self-esteem as well as encouraged them to involve more in the learning processes. Such values might be gained when the strategy takes the steps which facilitate the students to: (1) respond several guiding questions which stimulate investigation; (2) investigate some texts, real objects, pictures, or persons to gather the required information; (3) create new ideas by discussing the information with peers; (4) present the ideas in front of the class; and (5) reflect on their own performance.

Virtual Environment Presentations: A Qualitative Exploration of User Perceptions

Abstract This exploratory study investigates virtual environments (VEs) as a treatment intervention for the fear of public speaking (FoPS). Prior preliminary studies indicate fear reduction following VE simulations with few investigations examining participants’ perspectives. Participants (N = 17) recruited from a public speaking course participated in a virtual reality 360° digital recording simulation that carbon copied the physical reality of their classroom and audience. Before and after immersion, participants completed open-ended responses about the simulation, pre- and post-public speaking fears, and VE public speaking experience. Using thematic analysis on the open-ended responses, researchers coded the responses to understand the communicative performance experience surrounding their VE public speaking simulation. Negative-valence emotions occurred for both presentations; however, participants expressed value in experiencing and overcoming the negative feelings. Based on the anecdotal (or clinical) findings, participants reported experiencing fears similar to those experienced in physical reality as well as emotional and behavioral interventions when engaged in the VE. Additionally, a one-year follow-up (N = 6) provided a reflective process for participants to recall their VE experience and implications beyond the physical simulation. These open-ended responses offered implications surrounding emotional reaction, real audiences, and the speechmaking process. The findings suggest mitigation of audience-related fears by the presence of the virtual audience with participants reoriented to focus on execution of speech delivery. This exploratory qualitative investigation builds toward a future of optimal strategies for using instructional technologies to improve public speaking competency.

LEARNING SPEAKING THROUGH COMMUNICATIVE GRAMMAR ON SYSTEMATIC FUNCTIONAL LINGUISTICS (SFL)

Practicing speaking is very important for students to exchange ideas with others. Although having learned English for the years, many EFL students face problems in delivering the ideas orally. To overcome this kind of problem, an expo de facto research was conducted by observing the students’ scores in two subjects grammar and speaking. The students were in the first semester of the English education major. The research is to find out the material used in teaching grammar to develop speaking learning. To satisfy the aim of this study, the mixed-method was implemented. The data was analyzed qualitatively and confirmed quantitatively by the applying t-test. From the analysis could be drawn that Using translation-method, podcast, noticing, and conversation in applying the communicative-grammar method enhances the students’ competence in speaking. It is very helpful for the teachers and students to implement it in learning grammar and speaking. It also provides the idea to other researchers to dig some deeper innovation in the same field.

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION AND THEIR SPEAKING ACHIEVEMENT AT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 4 KENDARI

The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between the students‟ motivation and their speaking competence at grade 11 of Senior High School 4 Kendari. The design of this study was quantitative research and the population was all grade 11 students at Senior High School 4 Kendari with the total numbers of students was 620 students. The sample of this study was class XI MIA 7 (36 students). The instrument of this study were questionnaire and students‟ speaking score. The researcher collected the data by using questionnaire adapted from Sun (2009) as the data of students‟ motivation and final speaking score to get data about students‟ speaking achievement. To analyze the data, the researcher used descriptive statistic to view the students‟ speaking achievement and their motivation based on five categories are; very low, low, medium, high, and very high. The result of this study showed that students‟ speaking achievement was mostly categorized in good criteria. It also showed that the students were highly motivated to learn speaking English by using video blog. The result of inferential statistics analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between students‟ motivation and their speaking achievement at grade 11 of Senior High School 4 Kendari. It was proved by the result of product moment correlation (rxy = 0.487), which was higher than r-table = 0.329.It means that motivation and achievement had a positive correlation.

Using Immersion Teaching Process to Develop EFL Learners’ Speaking skill

Speaking skill is one of the most significant skills because it is one of the means of conversation and communication with others. Thus, this paper aims at investigating the development of the students’ speaking skills by using the immersion teaching process, in addition to observing the authentic level of the students’ implementation in their speaking performance. To achieve these objectives, a questionnaire is designed to be administered to the research sample. The research sample consists of students selected from the second stage in the Dept. of English, College of Education, Salahaddin University. The research findings revealed that improving students' speaking skills requires at least an initial level of language speaking competence. Based on the results discussion, a number of suggestions and recommendations are presented to investigate the impact of project-based learning (PBL) on speaking skills.

Opinions of EFL students regarding autonomous learning in language teaching

The purpose of this study is to reveal the opinions of the Sivas Cumhuriyet University students, majoring at English Language Teaching Department in the 2017-2018 academic year, about the autonomous learning process to acquire English speaking proficiency. This study, which aims to reveal the sources that affect the students' autonomous learning activities and speaking skills in English language learning, has been conducted with qualitative study methods and is in descriptive survey model. Interviewing method was chosen as the data collection tool of the study. A semi-structured interview form was prepared and conducted in order to reveal the students' opinions about the language learning process, the activities they do individually in order to improve their English speaking proficiency, the sources affecting their speaking skills, and their recommendations for students who want to improve their speaking skills. Qualitative data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, and the data obtained according to the framework formed were interpreted and supported by direct quotations when necessary. The study findings on the autonomous learning activities of students in obtaining English speaking competence in the process of language learning reported that the autonomous learning activities are: making foreign friends, watching foreign movies and listening to foreign music, playing video games, drama course, and situations emerged out of individual and environmental circumstances

МЕТОДИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНО ОРІЄНТОВАНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ В ГОВОРІННІ У МАЙБУТНІХ ВИКЛА¬ДАЧІВ АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВИ

Актуальність дослідження даної статті випливає з аналізу психологічних і методичних передумов формування у майбутніх викладачів англійської мови професійно орієнтованої компетентності в говорінні; конкретизації змісту формування професійно орієнтованої компетентності в говорінні у майбутніх викладачів англійської мови в єдності предметного та процесуального аспектів. У статті розкривається теоретично обґрунтована методика формування у майбутніх викладачів англійської мови професійно орієнтованої компетентності в говорінні, яка реалізується впродовж трьох етапів (вступний, підготовчий (рецептивно-аналітичний та рецептивно-синтетичний), основний), що передбачає використання вебквестів, ділової гри, презентації, застосування сучасних інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій. Розглянуто реалізацію лінгводидактичної моделі формування у майбутніх викладачів англійської мови професійно орієнтованої компетентності в говорінні, складниками якої є цільовий, методологічний, змістовий, організаційно-процесуальний і оцінювально-результативний компоненти; уточнено сутність та структуру професійно орієнтованої компетентності в говорінні майбутніх викладачів англійської мови; удосконалено критерії відбору навчального матеріалу. З урахуванням визначених у процесі дослідження критеріїв відбору сучасних інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій (практичної доцільності, відносної простоти в організації навчання, доступності, потенціалу для розвитку вмінь говоріння, перспективності) зроблено висновок про доцільність використання при формуванні у майбутніх викладачів англійської мови професійно орієнтованої компетентності в говорінні та інформаційно-комунікаційної компетентності таких сервісів і програм: YouTube, Google Hangouts, Google Classroom, Skype. Сформульовано методичні рекомендації для викладачів щодо взаємопов’язаного формування у майбутніх викладачів англійської мови професійно орієнтованої компетентності в говорінні та інформаційно-комунікаційної компетентності.

Improving English Speaking Competence by Using Google Translate in Campus Environment

Technology is part of education. The example that can use is a smartphone that contains Google translate application in supporting students translate a text form descriptive. This study intends to define the use of English Dictionary in the form of Google translate impact on English speaking capability as well as discover the importance of student interest in learning English, especially in speaking skill. The method of this research is descriptive analysis where the data settled from the students' speaking test then explained into descriptive. The target of this research was the students of Informatics Engineering and Information System second term. The outcome of this research is that the speaking test in the previous discussion found that the average value of Informatics Technique 1 experienced an addition of 4.89 points; in the Informatics Engineering 2 class encountered a change of 6.4 points, and Information System class progressed by 4.4 points. This number indicates there is an increase in the ability of students in speaking skills through the use of Automatic Dictionary applications such as Google Translate. Means that the use of Automatic dictionary media in the form of google translate can improve students' speaking skill as well as using google translate media as a tool in helping students to speak in English because it can be their means in translating the language either from English to Indonesian or from the language Indonesia to English.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ МЕТОДІВ КООПЕРАТИВНОГО НАВЧАННЯ З МЕТОЮ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ІНШОМОВНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ У ГОВОРІННІ СТУДЕНТІВ ВИЩИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ

У статті проаналізовані кооперативні методи, які застосовуються для удосконалення іншомовної комунікативної компетентності студентів вищих навчальних закладів. Представлено найбільш поширені методи кооперативного навчання, а саме метод «Навчаємось разом» (Learning Together) Роджера Джонсона та Девіда Джонсона, метод «Пилка» або Jigsaw Еліота Аронсона, метод «Пилка-2» Роберта Славіна, метод «Пилка-3» Роберта Шталя, метод «Пилка-4» Холлідейя, метод «Зворотня пилка» Тімоті Гедіна, метод «Предметна пилка» Кемаля Доймуша, Метод Навчання у Команді (Student Team Learning) Роберта Славіна, Метод організації дослідної групової роботи студентів (Group Investigation) Йаєль Шарана та Шломо Шарана. Дані методи можуть бути ефективно використані для удосконалення іншомовної компетентності у говорінні студентів вищих навчальних закладів. Кооперативне навчання, що відбувається у невеликій групі, у якій кожному студенту відведена своя роль, створює рівні можливості говоріння для студентів з різним рівнем мовленнєвих навичок. Навчаючись спілкуванню у невеликому оточенні, студенти стають більш впевненими та готовими до широкої взаємодії з усією групою і викладачем. Крім того, завдяки застосуванню кооперативних методів у студентів формуються уміння співпраці, а саме: активного слухання, аргументування своєї точки зору, ефективного роз’яснення, переконання інших та уміння вирішувати конфлікти. Таким чином, групова взаємодія студентів на занятті стає підґрунтям для розвитку критичного мислення та самоусвідомлення. Беручи участь у спільних проектах, що використовують методи кооперативного навчання, студенти розвивають свої власні стратегії мислення, водночас цінуючи думку іншого, а отже, стають більш цілеспрямованими, готовими до вирішення складних завдань, оскільки, взаємодопомога та взаємопідтримка є базисом для самовдосконалення.

北京高校学生跨文化敏感度与英语听说能力关系研究

北京高校学生跨文化敏感度与英语听说能力关系研究

Reflective use of video recording in class

Reflective video-recording in language-learning classes is engaging, effective and fun. Practices and techniques are highly transferable to other subject areas. In developing speaking competence and confidence, language teachers are constantly assessing and balancing the need to address either accuracy and/or fluency.
 
 Video-recording in a supportive, sensitive environment with learners and teachers who know each other well can capture spoken language and visual communication and allow it to be worked on, like words on paper, as a text for analysis, discussion and feedback in a variety of ways, both top-down and bottom-up. Accuracy can be addressed without affecting fluency as the sample of speech is recorded, not live.
 
 The use of video-recording and play-back lends itself particularly well to a wide range of language-learning approaches and methodologies, including Community Language Learning (CLL), Dogme ELT, task-based learning (TBL) and others, under the umbrella of a communicative approach.
 
 Classes using video-recording are spontaneous and adaptive, very learner-centred and allow for responsive and sensitive adjustment to students’ needs, strengths and areas for improvement as well as cultural and linguistic considerations.
 
 This case study will include edited video extracts of a video of a mock speaking test being analysed by a class of learners who are all engaged in practising for this this style of test. They share feedback in a supportive, affirming atmosphere. There is a high level of engagement and interaction.
 
 The video of this class, in turn, is shown to a group of teachers, who use it as a text to workshop ideas for delivering feedback and generating learner-led discussion for meaningful alternative authentic self-assessment. The teachers also discuss the use of technology-enhanced learning in regard to this use of video.
 
 Another layer of video shows a professional development session with a wider body of teachers leading into discussion on using video in professional development of teachers and teacher-trainers.
 
 This case-study session will involve explanation of the methodology and pragmatics of this simple way of using video, recorded with students’ and teachers’ phones in class to enhance reflective learning with a range of clips of the various layers.
 

Foreign Language Anxiety in the Case of Croatian University Learners of Japanese

The aims of this study are (1) to investigate the frequency, sources, and characteristics of foreign language anxiety regarding speaking activities in the case of learners of the Japanese language at two Croatian institutions of higher education, and (2) to determine which speaking activities anxious learners of Japanese in Croatia would willingly participate in, while remaining sufficiently challenged by the tasks to gain new or reinforce previously acquired linguistic knowledge. A questionnaire was distributed to 65 students at the University of Pula bachelor’s program in Japanese language and culture and the University of Zagreb’s Japanese studies program in February and March of 2018. The results point to lower than expected self-assessment of Japanese speaking competence and high levels of Japanese speaking anxiety, particularly due to the fear of making mistakes, the presence of other individuals relevant to the learning process (classmates, teachers, other native speakers of Japanese), and a lack of activities focused on meaningful interaction. Participant experiences with various learning methods point to their willingness to participate in non-structured, improvisational pair conversation exercises and the potential of these activities to help learners overcome debilitating language anxiety.

The Effect Of Puppets as Teaching Media on the Speaking Competency

This study focused on investigating the effect of puppets as a teaching media on students’ speaking competency. It was an experimental research administering post-test only control group design. The population was the eighth-grade students of SMP N 6 Singaraja. The samples were VIII B1 class as experimental group and VIII B3 as a control group. The experimental group was treated by using puppets as teaching media, whereas the control group was treated by using the conventional technique. The instruments used in this study to collect the data were the teaching scenario and post-test in the form of a speaking test. The data were then analyzed descriptively, inferentially and effect size. The result was significant. It can be seen from both group's mean score where the experimental group’s score was 93.84 while control group’s score was 90.22 the value of tob (t observed) was 2.111 and it was higher than tcv (t critical value) that was 1.669 (a=0.5). It indicates that there is a significant effect on students’ speaking competency who were taught by puppet and those who were taught by conventional technique.

Pembelajaran Keterampilan Berbicara Dengan Metode Field Trip Pada Peserta Didik Kelas IX SMP Samarinda

The learning method, especially in speaking skill learning, is less varied, consequently the learning process tends to be unable to explore the student’s competence in speaking. Therefore, the researcher sees the need to develop FT-V learning method. The objective of this study is to develop FT-V learning method for the ninth graders in Madina integrated Islamic junior high school Samarinda. This study uses Research & Development (R&D) method by using development proposed by Brog and Gall which includes 10 develipments steps. The data sources in this study are nine grade students in Madina integrated Islamic junior high school Samarinda. Data collection is done by means of sequencing, tests, observations, interviews, and documentation. The development of this learning method was declared very feasible by both validators, namely expert validator of learning method and Practitioners. Based on the results of the field tests, FT-V method was also considered to be able to increase the value of student learning outcomes through a field test process. The observation results of student’s learning activities by observer I and II stated very well.

PENYUSUNAN BAHAN AJAR DENGAN PENGINTEGRASIAN KOMPETENSI LISTENING DAN SPEAKING BAGI MAHASISWA PBI

(Title: Development of Teaching Materials By Integrating Listening and Speaking Competency For PBI Students). This study aims to produce teaching material models by integrating listening and speaking competencies. This research is a type of research and development (Research and Development). The research subjects were 5th semester students who had taken the Listening for Academic Purposes and Speaking for Academic Purposes courses. The integration of learning material in the Listening for Academic Purposes (LAP) and Speaking for Academic Purposes (SAP) courses for PBI students in semester 4 is very necessary. The steps that have been carried out in this study have reached the stage of needs analysis and have succeeded in identifying several important things needed in developing teaching materials such as types of texts, activities needed and liked by students, types of media that can be used, reaction patterns and assessments . The learning material in the LAP course is prioritized on providing exposure to prepare students to be able to produce appropriate speeches and expressions in the SAP class. Keyword: bahan ajar, listening, speaking, academic purposes

Improving public speaking in secondary education―Exploring the potential of an improvisation training

Public speaking occupies a central position in secondary education, and often teachers introduce improvisation training to improve this competence, but it is yet unclear if this teaching approach has a beneficial impact. In this respect, this paper addresses the following research question: Does an improvisation training that focuses on eye-contact, voice, and body language have an impact on the public speaking competence of students in secondary education? In this study with a quasi-experimental design, we assessed the impact of the intervention with a control group with a pre- and posttest of a speaker's public speaking competence scored via compared judgement of videos of speaking exercises. The intervention had a significant but modest effect, but a number of important caveats need to be formulated. Age of participants, group size, and professionalism of the instructor might all partly determine the effect of such an improvisation training, but these variables were not integrated into the research design of this study.

SIMULATIONS IN FORMING ENGLISH LEXICAL COMPETENCE IN DIALOGIC SPEAKING FOR PROSPECTIVE EXPERTS OF HOSPITALITY AND RESTAURANT SERVICE

The purpose of the article is to analyse the simulations in forming English lexical competence in dialogic speaking for prospective experts of hospitality and restaurant service. The structure, forms and samples of simulations will be shown in the article. Methods of research used: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction and review of pedagogical scientific sources of literature in order to find out the theoretical foundations and state of development of the problem under study. The article deals with the simulations in forming English lexical competence in dialogic speaking for prospective experts of hospitality and restaurant service. Simulation is specified as one of the interactive methods. The structure of a simulation is analysed. Simulation is defined as the way of reproducing real-life situations in English in the artificially created conditions. The technique of simulations is becoming the first choice for ESP teachers due to the fact that this technique is considered the backbone of an environment which gives learners the opportunity to use language in a creative and communicative way. Integrating simulations in language classes engages the learners in first-hand experiences of knowledge. This knowledge, in turn, bridges the gap between the classroom world and the real-life experiences that students encounter. The most common view of simulations is that they provide a way of creating a rich communicative environment (a representation of reality) where students actively become a part of some real-world system and function according to predetermined roles as members of that group. In short, by using simulation, the students will get more chances to practice their English grammatically and pragmatically, because it makes them in a real world. In a simulation students are given a task to perform or problem to solve together with the necessary background information and environment in which to do it. Simulations provide a realistic setting for more extensive interaction in which students can get more personally involved.

KOMPETENSI BERBICARA PRAMUWISATA ARAB DI INDONESIA (STUDI KASUS DI KAWASAN PUNCAK)

Speaking is the most frequently used language competence for tourist guides. They use this competence in order to serve their guests optimally. This study aims to examine Arabic speaking competence of tourist guides in Puncak, West Java. This study uses a qualitative approach with various data collection techniques including participatory observation, indirect observation, and interviews with a number of key informants. The key informants in this research are tourist guides, tourist guide association committee, and tour operators in Puncak area. This study found that language acquisition methods affect the speaking competence of the tourist guide, which may increase over time depending on the intensity of interaction with tourists and language usage. These tourist guides show different levels of language proficiencies including grammar accuracy, different ability to avoid using slang, and involvement in various topics of conversation. Self-taught guides normally have limited abilities in almost all of the above indicators, while guides who studied Arabic either formally or semi-formally tend to be more competent although they cannot avoid using Arabic slang. Meanwhile, guides who learned Arabic from their interactions with native speakers tend to ignore grammar and language accuracy even though they are able to communicate effectively.