Comparative-typological Methods Research Articles

Textbooks on reading in Russian for Chinese universities over the past 30 years: analysis and prospects

Textbooks are the basis for implementing the curriculum and an important support in teaching activities. They play an important role in foreign language teaching, representing teaching materials that combine the characteristics of the time, learning objectives, advanced teaching concepts, and patterns of self-learning. The aim of the research is to identify trends and problems in the sphere of preparation and publication of teaching aids for reading in Russian in China. The author analyzed 84 manuals on reading in Russian published in China over the last 30 years. Special attention was paid to the 4 most representative books published at different times. Comparative-typological method, as well as methods of induction and mathematical processing were used. The comparative analysis of teaching aids was carried out considering the aspects of the purpose of creation, structure, content. The features of universal (comprehensive) and professional-specialized reading textbooks, including auxiliary teaching materials are considered. The necessity of creating a series of high-quality textbooks is emphasized, and the ways of solving this problem are determined. The author has deeply explored the alternatives of composing Russian reading textbooks from the point of view of a system of multifunctional thematic content, integration of intercultural and national-specific elements, and multipolar learning.

Reception of Anton Chekhov's play "Uncle Vanya" in China

This paper examines several important translations of the play from the play's first appearance in China in 1930 to the present day, as well as research and analyses of the play by Chinese scholars. The author uses comparative-typological, comparative-historical, and interpretive methods as the leading research methods. Through the comparative-historical method the dependence between the socio-cultural conditions of the state and the peculiarities of the work's reception is established. The difference in the viewpoints of literary scholars and critics on the poetics and imagery of the play is explicated by the author of the work through the use of comparative-typological method. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that some articles and books by Chinese critics and literary critics considering the peculiarities of the figurative structure and ideological content of A. P. Chekhov's play "Uncle Vanya" are the first to be included in the research turnover, allowing to establish the dependence of the perception of the work by Chinese readers on the socio-cultural conditions of the country. As a result, the author has shown that the perception of "Uncle Vanya" in China is closely connected with the social and political factors of the country, changing over time. The study showed that in the 21st century, more and more attention is paid to the artistic and literary aspects of the work.

The problems of a child's self-realization in Yulia Kuznetsova's trilogy about Varya and Olya

The article examines the problems of self-realization of a primary school-age child using the example of works written in the early 2020s, Yulia Kuznetsova's trilogy about Varya and Olya. The psychological features of this age group are revealed, as well as the original features of modern art for children aged seven to ten years. In this work, the topics of children's relationships in the family, the class collective, emerging friendships, as well as the problems of growing up and socialization are updated. A rather original typology of children's characters relevant to modern reality is presented. The significance and importance of this article is due to the importance of the problems posed, as well as modern and practically unexplored research material, which are the works of Yu. Kuznetsova, only included in scientific circulation. To understand these aspects, the following research methods are used in the article: comparative, hermeneutical and comparative typological methods. With the help of a systematic approach, an analytical study of the ways of communication between children and adults – parents, grandparents, neighbors, teachers - is provided. The main result of this work was the study of different types of characters of primary school children, ways of their interaction and ways of self-realization. The research of practically new and little-studied artistic material, which arouses genuine interest among both the addressee's peer and the adult reader, becomes relevant in this article. At the same time, the following tasks were solved: identification of key aspects of growing up and socialization of a child; analysis of friendly relationships, friendships and enmity-competition in Y. Kuznetsova's stories about Varya and Olya; identification of the features of the development of the main storylines and the figurative system of the analyzed stories, as well as the genre originality of the works under study. The key aspects of the article were questions about the typology of the characters of children of primary school age, the moral aspects of growing up a child.

PROSPECTIVITY OF FINALIZATION IN SERHIY ZHADAN’S NOVEL THE ORPHANAGE

The article is devoted to Serhiy Zhadan’s novel The Orphanage, which is considered by modern criticism mainly from a socio-political and ethical perspective because of the theme of war as the final crisis of a long complex history. The purpose of the research is to propose an interpretation of Zhadan’s novel The Orphanage based on the principles of hermeneutic and comparative-typological methods, as well as applying elements of narrative analysis taking into account the artistic potential of a finalization phenomenon. As a result, the prospective nature of finalization is justified and the appropriate typology of this poetic phenomenon is singled out. According to the actual version, the typology consists of four types, namely, extra plot-spatial, oneiric-imaginary, eidetic, and narrative ones. These types correlate with each other, hence, a whole poetic block emerges, which actualizes the new meanings presented in the work, and deepens the content of the novel’s loci communes. In particular, the listing of three days in the titles of the novel’s chapters indicates a real continuation of the list. Moreover, the title of the novel against such a background expresses its ontological content, which is additionally underscored by oneiric-imaginary pictures and the eidetic way of representing these images; instead, the diegetic shift due to the change of narrators returns the novel narrative from the level of ontological-existential symbolism to the level of personal formation of the novel subject.

The genre of the holiday story in the literature of the XXI century for children and teenagers

The article explores the genre features of a vacation literature about a children's health camp of the late XX – early XXI centuries. Both the traditions of the story about the pioneer camp of the twentieth century and the original features of modern literature for children and adolescents are revealed. The article actualizes the topics of the relationship between adolescents and children in a new team, the problems of growing up and socialization. A fairly extensive typology of child and adolescent characters relevant to modern reality is presented. The significance and importance of this article is due to the importance of the problems posed, as well as modern and practically unexplored research material, which are the works of V. Krapivin, T. Kryukova, M. Panteleeva, T. Mikheeva, etc., which are only included in scientific circulation. To understand these aspects, the following research methods are used in the article: comparative, hermeneutical and comparative typological methods. With the help of a systematic approach, an analytical study of the ways of communication between children and adolescents, their socialization and self-realization in a vacation story is provided. The main result of this work is the study of different types of characters of children and adults, ways of their interaction and ways of self-realization. The study of practically new and little-studied artistic material that arouses genuine interest among teenagers themselves becomes relevant in this article. At the same time, the following tasks were solved: identifying key aspects of growing up and socialization of a child / teenager; analyzing the relationships of children in the novels of V. Krapivin, T. Kryukova, M. Panteleeva, T. Mikheeva and other writers; determining the features of the development of the main storylines and the imaginative system of the analyzed stories, as well as the genre originality of the works under study. The key aspects of the article were questions about the genre nature of the stories, the typology of child and adolescent characters, and the moral aspects of growing up a child.

The distinctive genre of 9/11 literature about children

The article explores the genre specifics of American 9/11 novels about children. The genre features of 9/11 literature include a modification of the classic educational novel. Such genre elements as the hero’s growing up process, their journey beyond ordinary life, and their return as changed individuals, still form the primary narrative focus of these works. However, the temporality and the impetus for action development are altered compared to the classic educational novel, which is typical for the subgenre of the initiation novel. The main catalyst of the plot becomes the traumatic experiences of the characters, representing either the trauma of loss or mental traumatization of a loved one. The interplay of road motive and motive of search symbolizes personal development and introduces elements of a detective quest, while romantic motives are linked to the outcome of the initiation trial and the formation of the character’s personality. To implement the tasks set, this study employs cultural-historical and comparative-typological methods with elements of structural analysis. The scientific novelty of this work consists in conducting a study of the genre features of literature about children and teenagers thematically based on the events of September 11, 2001, on a little-studied corpus of artistic material. For the first time in Russian science, the author of the article attempts to identify and summarize the characteristic genre features of this body of works. The main results of the study lie in revealing of hybridization of genres: the initiation novel is supplemented with elements of detective and romance novels. An important aspect here is the presence of motives of travel and heroism, coupled with the problem of the trauma of not-knowing, traumatic experiences of loss, and orphanhood. This article deepens scientific knowledge on the issue of the specificity of 9/11 literature, highlighting the process of transformation and enrichment of traditional genre elements in the context of historical events that have been reflected in the literary work of the representatives of contemporary culture.

Explicit and Implicit Ways of Expressing Author's Modality in Kazakh, Kyrgyz and Russian Languages: A Comparative Aspect.

Linguistic modality is one of the most complex categories, that is why its nature, meanings and ways of expression often become the object of various, at times, controversial theories. The present article described the concept of modality in the context of linguistic research. The purpose of this study was to identify the means of expressing author's modality in Kazakh, Kyrgyz and Russian, determine their relations in intra- and inter-system contexts, and specify the significance of modality for typological studies of these languages. The comparative typological method was mainly used, along with observation, description, transformational analysis, and synthesis of theoretical and practical materials. The results revealed similar and distinctive elements in constructing modal relations in Kazakh, Kyrgyz and Russian. The study suggested various forms of expressing author's modality in a literary text, including explicit means such as modal words, particles, moods and interjections, and implicit means like images, themes, ideas, concepts, symbols, and punctuation. In conclusion, the identification of multi-level means of expressing author's modality in these languages contributed to deepening knowledge on the linguistic category of modality, comparative language study, and translation theory.

Ecological education of students of oil and chemical technology majors

Tatarstan is one of the leaders of oil industry in Russia as well as chemical industry but has certain ecological problems such as pollution of the air, earth and water, destroying natural reservations and garbage throwing. The system of forming ecological style of mind of students of the region includes special subjects as well as a list of humanitarian subjects such as “English for special purpose” and “Literature”. The purpose of the paper is to present a system of forming ecological way of thinking of students of oil and chemical technology majors through lessons of English, paying special attention to formation of productive skills. The methodology of the study is based on a set of methods: the research method, the comparative typological method, and the heuristic method. The elements of ecological education are included in any stage of training English skills and the local ecological problems are reflected. The tasks in question are presented in the form of texts of ecological theme with open tasks and partially open tasks following. The climax is the defending of diploma work in English which includes ecological issues.

Коммуникации власти и общества на примере ревизий генерал-губернаторами Якутской области (середина XIX – начало XX в.)

The article examines the communicative practices of government and society using the example of the visits of East Siberian (Irkutsk) governors general to the Yakut region. The source base for the study was archival materials from the collections of the Russian State Historical Archive, the State Archive of the Irkutsk Region and the National Archive of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). A comparative typological method was used. The circle of contacts of governors-general during revisions of the territory was reconstructed and analyzed, attention was paid to encouraging foreigners in the region as a component of the ethnic policy of the empire. The visit of the governors-general was an important event for the region; it gave the local population the opportunity to directly voice the pressing problems of their societies and demonstrate elements of culture and customs.

ON THE BORDER OF ARCHAEOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY: FIRE STRIKERS IN HUNGARY

The aim of my study is to present the types of fire-strikers that were once used in the Hungary and Carpathian Basins, their general forms and dating problems. Most of the types were in continuous use from the Middle Ages to the beginning of the 20th century, but Hungarian archaeology and ethnography know little about each other's results in this case, moreover, archaeological literature is not uniformised in terminology either. It is worth taking the names of object types and their parts from common ethnographic practice and applying them to the material recovered from excavations. The typology follows a fairly simple and logical structure, but the chronology is complicated by the lack of material communication. In connection with Biedermeier animal-shaped chirpers, earlier research has suggested medieval or even Roman dating, but this is clearly refuted by the research. In addition to their functionality, these objects are sometimes very ornate, even with scratched the year of production. In addition to everyday life in Hungary, fire-strikers also play a significant role in folk tradition, as an accessory to wedding ceremonies, folk medicine (analogical magic) or religiosity of certain groups. Although we know the European parallels relatively well, the results of the Asian research did not have a great impact on the examination of this topic in Hungary, so our further goal is to get acquainted with the material here.
 Materials and methods of research. The research materials were chairs from the archaeological and ethnographic collections of museums in Hungary.
 The research methodology is based on scientific approaches and principles; the following were applied: logical, systematic, comprehensive, comparative historical and archaeological-ethnographic approaches using interdisciplinary research.
 The work is based on an integrated approach to the object of study. During the study, a typological and chronological analysis of artifacts was carried out. Using the comparative typological method, an analysis of archaeological and ethnographic types of armchairs was carried out, and common and distinctive features were identified. For a systematic description of the artifacts, a formal typological method of studying the iconography of forms and images, supplemented by stylistic analysis, was used. To identify historical, archaeological and ethnographic connections, the historical-comparative method was used. Chronological attribution of artifacts was carried out using relative and absolute dating.

Modální sémantika v ukrajinsko-českých překladech

The author of the article analyzes two important linguistic categories of modality and emotionality, which at a certain semantic level intersect and complement each other. This confirms the theory of a functional approach to the study of linguistic means, according to which linguistic means in a certain language context have the potential to express both the category of modality and the category of emotionality. The specifi c material for this research is the comparison of texts in the original language and the translated language. Based on the research, the author singled out and classified the linguistic modal level of diff erent parts of sentences. Examples from works of Czech and Ukrainian fiction and their translations are included in the analysis. In addition to the descriptive and comparative-typological methods, the author refers to the sources of translation theorists, in particular to the theory of Jiří Levý, who created a methodology for evaluating the quality of a translated text in relation to the original.

ЧИНГИЗ АЙТМАТОВ И МУЗЫКА

“Chingiz Aitmatov and Music,” the author analyzes the issues of the relationship between Ch. Aitmatov’s creativity and music. Moreover, these relationships are considered at two levels: music, its role in the works of Ch. Aitmatov and the musical interpretation of the works of the great writer. The author shows the role of music in revealing the characters of Aitmatov’s heroes, in deepening the content of works, as an element of poetry and as a tool for philosophical reflection. When considering the musical interpretation of Aitmatov’s works, the author dwells on identifying, according to the comparative typological method, the similarities and differences between opera productions, as well as the musical accompaniments of the writer’s screen works, showing the strengths and weaknesses of opera productions and screen adaptations in the context of intercultural relationships, as well as the peculiarities of the actors’ performances, their originality and skill, some shortcomings and omissions in the musical interpretation of images.

Factors of cultural genesis in the Southern Urals in the Late Middle Ages and Modern Times (based on archaeological materials of the Republic of Bashkortostan)

The object of the study is cultural genesis in the Southern Urals in the Late Middle Ages and Modern Times. The subject of the study is the factors influencing its development, which are considered through the prism of studying the archaeological material obtained during reconnaissance work on the monuments of the XVI – early XX centuries. This problem was not the object of special study. At the same time, its solution, on the one hand, fills in the gaps in the analysis of the processes of cultural genesis in the region as a whole, and on the other hand, contributes to the study of the peculiarities of the ethnocultural development of individual ethnic groups living here in the past. The theoretical basis of the research is the researches of Russian scientists in the field of cultural genesis, containing conceptual and theoretical developments. The information base of the study was the factual material on the problem under study, obtained during archaeological research on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan, including by the author himself, interdisciplinary and systematic approaches were used in the work for a comprehensive analysis of the designated problem, theoretical modeling, generalization, comparative historical, comparative typological methods were also used in the work. The scientific novelty of the study is due to the fact that for the first time the factors of cultural development in the Southern Urals in the Late Middle Ages and Modern Times were systematized and analyzed, which were considered in the context of the archaeological direction of cultural genesis research. It was revealed that the development of culture in the Southern Urals in the XVI – early XX centuries was influenced by both external (natural-geographical, anthropogenic, colonization, etc.) and internal (ethnic, religious, etc.) factors, which are recorded to varying degrees by the cultural layers of urban and rural settlements, fortifications and factories, cemeteries , etc. At the same time, speaking about the factors of cultural genesis, it should be borne in mind that they are so closely interrelated that it is often difficult to determine whether a change in culture is the result of the influence of one or another factor or several at the same time.

''Visible is a symbol'': Nature as an animated creature pictured by Russian and German romantics

The topicality of the research refers to the problem of national identity, national code, embodied among other spheres of spiritual life and in literature. Romantics' worldview was composed on the foundation of folklore, myth and literary tradition. The system of symbolic motifs of 'infancy' and 'pre-earth life', affinity of souls, joining in death and others became significant elements of the works in the Romanticism period. The study object is the collection of writings connected to natural-philosophic ideas of Nature as a living creature. The subject-matter of the research is national identity of Romanticism, manifested in the peculiarities of Nature perception. In the process of analysis, a comprehensive literary approach was used, combining historical-literary, historical-genetic, comparative-typological methods, which made it possible to establish the specifics of the embodiment of ideas about Nature by writers of Russia and Germany of the Romantic era. Presenting the natural-philosophic system of life conception, the writers relied on F. Schelling's philosophy. It is demonstrated that Russian romantics associate the origin of ideal female images with Heaven (angel-woman) and German romanticists – with the Earth (flower woman). Angel woman and flower woman help the characters to understand the essence of the existence. Natural symbols used in the works (sky, earth, flower atc.) and other symbolic images (melody, kiss, icon etc.) convey the specific mystic world understanding of the authors. Novelty of the research lies in the analysis of dominant images, that makes it possible to determine 'the independence of the face' of romantics in Russia and Germany, basing on the idea of a man dependent on Nature that existed in the developed national tradition. This approach makes it possible to specify the understanding of the particular characteristics of archetypic female images presented in ethnic-cultural sphere.

The image of male / female artist in Ukrainian literature at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries in the gender aspect

The study examines gender issues in the works of Ukrainian writers on the border of the 19th and 20th centuries, whose main heroes and heroines are representatives of art. In the dramaturgical works of this time, due to the departure from the social issues, the problems of gender equality and the possibility of choosing their life path by women actresses are intensified. This topic today remains an almost unexplored in scientific works, which determines the relevance and scientific novelty of our article. The purpose of the study is to consider the processes of modernization of Ukrainian literature in the context of gender and feminist issues, as well as to analyze the peculiarities of writers’ interpretation of images of artists in prose and drama using general scientific approaches and comparative typological method. The research results allows to state that such writers as O. Konisky and H. Khotkevych seek to reveal the peculiarities of the worldview of their characters. At the same time, the attitude of the heroes towards the female gender is traditional, the chosen ones of the musicians – main literary personages – should be female associates who fully support the lofty thoughts and deeds of their husbands. Actors and actresses in the plays by M. Starytsky and I. Karpenko-Kary raise the most difficult issues of family life, fidelity and betrayal of wives and husbands in marriage, life in a civil marriage and others that continue to be relevant in our time. L. Starytska Cherniakhivska, Lesia Ukrainka and O. Kobylianska, going beyond gender issues in the direction of feminist views, transfer the emphasis in their plays and short prose to the tragedy of a talented woman who devoted herself to art. Thus, Ukrainian writers of the studied period considered in sufficient detail the problem of gender relations in their modern society, in particular, the issue of family betrayal in its interpretation by representatives of the opposite sexes, and built a kind of hierarchy of relations between women and men.

Nominativus absolutus в истории русского языка

The article examines the structure, semantics, and functions of the nominativus absolutus structure, which is a predicative unit with the participial predicate having the subject of its own. The relevance of the work is explained by inconsistency in interpretation of the genesis, structural features and functions of this structure in the linguistic literature. The purpose of the article is to identify indicators of the grammatical dependence of nominativus absolutus on the verbal part, to prove its originality, to determine the dynamics of use, stylistic marking, and reasons for elimination. The article used the method of continuous sampling, descriptive, comparative historical and comparative typological methods. It has been proved that, despite the high degree of predicativity of the participle in this construction, it remains grammatically dependent on the verbal part. The markers of this dependency are revealed: the identity or co-reference of the subjects in nominativus absolutus and the verbal part; one subject denotes the whole, while the other nominates its part; the subject of one part represents a subject, while in the other part it is an object; the subject in nominativus absolutus possesses the item nominated in the verbal part. The constructive variety of the analyzed clause is investigated, the types of semantic relations between the subject in nominativus absolutus and the main part are characterized. The application of quantitative data analysis has enabled the author to study the dynamics of nominativus absolutus functioning in the written records of the 11 th – 17 th centuries, taking into account the development of the simple sentence structure and the category of a subordinate clause. The reasons for nominativus absolutus elimination are determined.

CONCEPTUALISATION OF THE MEANINGS OF FLOWER SYMBOLICS IN INTERIOR SCHEDULES

The purpose of the study is to analyse the scientific literature to update the problems associated with the study of the symbolism of flowers and its interpretations. The methodology of the work is based on comparative historical and comparative typological methods, which make it possible to establish the complexity and ramifications of the problem of colour symbolism; The cognitive approach made it possible to identify the dependence of the use of interpretive capabilities of colour symbolism on the formation of the emotional component for the disclosure of contents and associations. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the addition of scientific literature with new studies of colour symbolism. Conclusions. Based on the study of scientific literature, it is possible to determine the relevance of problems associated with the symbolism of flowers and its specificity. Acquaintance with the works of scientists (P. Zholtovsky, A. Kondratyuk, A. Lopukhina, L. Milyaev, F. Umantsev) made it possible to determine the directions of research of the monument and the lack of works on the symbolism of flowers in the painting of the temple. The scientific works of V. Ovsiychuk and M. Pastoureau became the basis of the theory and history of the study of flowers. The timeliness of the research is confirmed by the developments of foreign institutions and scholars, in particular, the problem of: colour psychology (H. Brem); colour theory (M. Oswald, Weingarten University of Education, German Colour Centre, University of Halle-Wittenberg); global visual communication by colour (T. Fassati). During the heyday of Baroque art, the masters of the Lavra art school used the symbolism of flowers in a new way in the ensemble of paintings of the Trinity Gate Church. Mysticism prevails in the picturesque palette of the church.
 Keywords: cultural codes, colour, symbolism, interpretation, interior, painting, monumental painting, Trinity Gate Church.

Lexico-semantic characteristics of composite ornithonyms in the Yakut and Altai languages

The issues of comparative language learning are among the most relevant topics in modernlinguistics. The comparative typological method is especially important when studying the word-formationsystems of two languages in order to identify similarities and differences. Complex words actively replenishthe lexical stock of the language in all its functional varieties. There is a fairly voluminous layer of vocabularyof composite words representing the names of birds – ornithonyms. The abundance of composite words inthe Yakut and Altai languages used for naming birds, and the lack of work on their comprehensive researchand systematization indicates the need for scientific research of bird names. The purpose of this work isto study the lexical and semantic features and word-formation structures of composite words denoting thenames of birds in the Yakut and Altai languages. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks are solved:identification of the functional meaning of composite words; consideration of the history of the study of birdnames in Turkic linguistics; systematization of bird names in the Yakut and Altai languages; establishmentof the main lexico-semantic groups, methods of formation and structural models of composite ornithonyms.This study uses a set of methods: comparative, descriptive and quantitative methods. The scientific noveltyof the work consists in the fact that the issues of comparative analysis of composite words denoting thenames of birds in the Yakut and Altai languages were not the subject of special study. The theoretical andpractical significance of the work is that its materials can be used in the study of composite ornithonyms inother Turkic languages, as well as in the development of lecture courses, seminars on vocabulary.

The theme of family and home in Maria Yakunina's dilogy "The Eight" and "Dear Rita"

The article raises the question of the principles of the relationship between adults and children in a modern children's story. In addition, the themes of home, family, and family education in the lives of teenagers are updated. The significance of this article is due to the importance of the problems posed, as well as modern and practically unexplored research material, which are the stories "The Eight" and "Dear Rita" by the modern teenage author M. Yakunina. To comprehend these aspects, the following research methods are used in the article: comparative, hermeneutic and comparative-typological methods. With the help of a systematic approach, an analytical study of the ways of socialization and self-improvement of a child in a teenage story is provided. The main result of this work is the study of different types of characters of children and adults, ways of their interaction and ways of self-realization. At the same time, the following tasks were solved: identification of key aspects of growing up and socialization of the child; analysis of the relationship between adults and children in Maria Yakunina's stories "The Eight" and "Dear Rita"; determination of the features of the development of the main storylines and the figurative system of the analyzed stories. The key topic of the article is the role of the family in the life of a teenager, the possibility of choosing a family by a child and the responsibility of both children and adults for the family as a whole and each of its members.

Эпосоведение

This work is a continuation of the study of the oral heritage of the Khoshuts of Kalmykia, which was widely used in past centuries. The relevance of the study is dictated by the preparation for publication of a corpus of Khoshut folklore texts in the book “Historical and cultural heritage of the Khoshuts of Kalmykia” (2023). The purpose of the article is to describe the plot composition of Khoshut non-fairytale prose. The source of the study was the personal field materials of the authors (2006–2021), recorded in the city of Elista and the regions of Kalmykia, as well as archival materials stored in the Scientific Archive of the Kalmyk Institute for Humanitarian Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. For comparison, texts from printed publications were used, as well as expeditionary materials collected by the authors in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China (2012–2019). When writing this article, the authors relied on the descriptive method, the comparative typological method and the comparative analysis. Source analysis of archival and published materials, decoding of records from magnetic tapes (1960–1978), carried out by the authors of the article, made it possible to shed light on unknown and little-known works of non-fairytale prose, recorded by Kalmyk scientists (N. N. Ubushaev (1967; 1970), A. V. Badmaev (1970), A. Sh. Kichikov (1970), L. S. Sangaev (1978), E. B. Ovalov (1982) and others) in the second half of the 20th century. Khoshut storytellers Ochir Badmaev (1896–1992), Nuskha Tyurbeev (1900–1986), Yegor Mukabenov (1903–1980), Chimid Komaev (1903–1992), Boris Boktaev (1927–2014) and Shani Boktaev (1933–2010) . Comparison with non-fabulous plots of other nations contributed to the classification and systematization of some plots of myths, legends, legends and oral stories of the Khoshuts of Kalmykia. The similarity of plots with Oirat, Mongolian and Buryat works testifies to a common national folklore fund, and the coincidence of some plots with samples of non-fairytale prose of other peoples can be interpreted as a result of historical contacts, as well as the mental capabilities of human societies that were at the same stage of development. As a result of the analysis of the considered texts, interpretations and differentiating elements of the plots of myths, legends, historical traditions and oral stories of the Khoshuts of Kalmykia, related to their local tradition, are established.