Comparative Structural Analysis Research Articles

NARRATIVE ORGANISATION AS A RECEPTIVE STRATEGY: BASED ON THEODORE ROSZAK’S THE MEMOIRS OF ELIZABETH FRANKENSTEIN

The article provides a comparative analysis of the narrative structure of Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley’s Frankenstein: or, The Modern Prometheus and its rewrite – Theodore Roszak’s The Memoirs of Elizabeth Frankenstein. The ‟concentric” composition of Shelley’s novel, in which the three main narratives – Captain Walton’s, Victor Frankenstein’s and the Creature’s – were placed one inside the other, can be viewed as a variation on the popular gothic “found (discovered) manuscript” motif and were employed to enhance the emotional impact on the reader by blurring the line between fact and fiction. Roszak reproduces this structure in general, but bestows upon Walton (the primary narrator) an auctorial function, significantly expanding his “presence” in the main body of the text, represented by Elizabeth Frankenstein’s diary. While ultimately pursuing the same artistic objective as his literary predecessor, Roszak produces a more intricate system, in which each of the main characters has several functional roles; he also includes numerous inserted narratives in the text, thus complicating the structure in comparison with the elegant composition of Shelley’s novel, yet, however, meeting the same artistic goal more effectively: by intertwining fact and fiction, Roszak comes close to destroying the very fabric of the diegetic world and invading the extradiegetic reality of the reader and thus multiplies the emotional impact of the narrated events.

Landscape organization of the theme square "Vyshyvanka day" in Chernivtsi

Objects of the nature reserve fund, including parks-landscape art landmarks are the subject of protection. Besides scientific, they perform aesthetic, recreational, and educational functions. They are valuable not only as architectural ensembles but also for plants that have remained since the creation of the parks and have a centuries-old history. Such plants are entered into databases and their condition is monitored for a better understanding of the features of their development in modern microclimatic conditions. For research, a plant inventory is carried out, according to which the phytosanitary condition, quantitative, and species structure of plant elements of greened areas is assessed. Individual indicators must comply with the standards specified in the State Building Regulations. Phenological observations give an idea of the decorative features of plants throughout the year and the aesthetic condition of plants under certain environmental conditions. To know the relative age of woody plants, formulas consider the trunk circumference and the empirical coefficient of plants of each species. Analysis of scientific sources of information showed that the square was created in 1871. After the reconstruction in 2023, it has 19 locations, 17 of which involve plant compositions. The main compositional accent is the solitaire Fagus sylvatica L. in the central area of ​​the landscape object, which symbolizes Bukovyna. This is the only location that corresponds to the thematic concept of the square. According to the results of a comparative analysis of the species structure of woody plants, it was found that the removal of Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Hibiscus syriacus L. plants led to a decrease in the number of plants with decorative flowering, and Cotoneaster horisontalis Decne. with decorative fruiting. The removal of Buxus sempervirens L. is natural for Chernivtsi, as a large part of it is affected by Cydalima perspectalis Walker. To improve the artistic and decorative design of the territory of the square during the reconstruction, the addition of Fagus sylvatica L. 'Purpurea', Fagus sylvatica 'Purpurea Pendula' plants was carried out. Acer palmatum Thunb. and Paulownia tomentosa Steud. with decorative leaves. To improve the artistic and decorative design of the territory of the square during the reconstruction, the addition of Fagus sylvatica L. 'Purpurea', Fagus sylvatica 'Purpurea Pendula', Acer palmatum Thunb and Paulownia tomentosa Steud. with decorative leaves was carried out. As a result of the research, plant species approaching the age limit and requiring more careful care, conservation, and protection measures were identified. The obtained results will be useful for further monitoring and making proposals for improving the landscape organization of the square following its thematic concept and the norms defined by law for individual components of the space of similar objects.

Accurate Identification of Periplasmic Urea-binding Proteins by Structure- and Genome Context-assisted Functional Analysis

ABC transporters are ancient and ubiquitous nutrient transport systems in bacteria and play a central role in defining lifestyles. Periplasmic solute-binding proteins (SBPs) are components that deliver ligands to their translocation machinery. SBPs have diversified to bind a wide range of ligands with high specificity and affinity. However, accurate assignment of cognate ligands remains a challenging problem in SBPs. Urea metabolism plays an important role in the nitrogen cycle; anthropogenic sources account for more than half of global nitrogen fertilizer. We report identification of urea-binding proteins within a large SBP sequence family that encodes diverse functions. By combining genetic linkage between SBPs, ABC transporter components, enzymes or transcription factors, we accurately identified cognate ligands, as we verified experimentally by biophysical characterization of ligand binding and crystallographic determination of the urea complex of a thermostable urea-binding homolog. Using three-dimensional structure information, these functional assignments were extrapolated to other members in the sequence family lacking genetic linkage information, which revealed that only a fraction bind urea. Using the same combined approaches, we also inferred that other family members bind various short-chain amides, aliphatic amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, valine), γ-aminobutyrate, and as yet unknown ligands. Comparative structural analysis revealed structural adaptations that encode diversification in these SBPs. Systematic assignment of ligands to SBP sequence families is key to understanding bacterial lifestyles, and also provides a rich source of biosensors for clinical and environmental analysis, such as the thermostable urea-binding protein identified here.

Signature-based portfolio allocation: a network approach

Portfolio allocation represents a significant challenge within financial markets, traditionally relying on correlation or covariance matrices to delineate relationships among stocks. However, these methodologies assume time stationarity and only capture linear relationships among stocks. In this study, we propose to substitute the conventional Pearson’s correlation or covariance matrix in portfolio optimization with a similarity matrix derived from the signature. The signature, a concept from path theory, provides a unique representation of time series data, encoding their geometric patterns and inherent properties. Furthermore, we undertake a comparative analysis of network structures derived from the correlation matrix versus those obtained from the signature-based similarity matrix. Through numerical evaluation on the Standard & Poor’s 500, we assess that portfolio allocation utilizing the signature-based similarity matrix yielded superior results in terms of cumulative log-returns and Sharpe ratio compared to the baseline network approach based on Pearson’s correlation. This assessment was conducted across various portfolio optimization strategies. This research contributes to portfolio allocation and financial network representation by proposing the use of signature-based similarity matrices over traditional correlation or covariance matrices.

Cartographic Narratives of Human Settlements: The Origin and Transformations of 'Pete' in Petta Area of Bangalore, India

Bangalore Petta, also referred to as Bangalore Pete or City Market area has garnered considerable attention from urban researchers across numerous dimensions. The name "Pete" has been a recurring identifier across diverse cultures and languages, yet its origin remains enigmatic. These dimensions encompass the spectrum from morphology to perception and from visual to sensory, allowing for the exploration of diverse characteristics within this historical part of the city. Examining these settlements through various lenses is necessary to understand the significance of multiple dimensions of the city and Cartography, though a predominant tool for assessment, seldom explored in this context. Delving into the study of one of Bangalore’s oldest vernacular settlements through Cartography can unearth the visual and geographical aspects that reveals the historical layers, linguistic roots, and cultural stories woven into the fabric of the area. This method allows the tracing of the evolution of place names and uncover the narratives that have shaped the region's identity over time, offering a deeper understanding of the etymology that defines its character. Through maps, insights can be gained into how the landscape has been interpreted, inhabited, and transformed, enriching our appreciation of the area's rich and multifaceted history. Utilizing mapping tools and through analysis of these maps, the study provided visual representations of the name's dispersal, including its shifts in morphology taking into consideration the sociocultural contexts, trade routes, and historical events that have contributed to the diffusion of the name. Comparative analysis of linguistic structures reveals the relationships between different iterations of the name, “Pette”, once a prominent commercial center which has evolved significantly over time. Its transformation reflects the influence of surrounding developments and shifts in urbanism.

A Comparative Analysis of Dramatic Structure in Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun (1959) and August Wilson’s Fences (1986)

This paper conducts a comparative analysis of the dramatic structures in Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun and August Wilson’s Fences, utilizing Freytag’s Pyramid as a framework. Despite differences in scene and act composition, both plays share a similar narrative structure marked by multiple climactic points rather than a single one. Each play presents the lives of African American families in mid-20th century America, grappling with themes of racial oppression, economic hardship, and personal aspirations. Hansberry’s work primarily addresses the relationship between African Americans and White society, while Wilson’s focuses on intergenerational conflicts within a Black family. Both playwrights weave moments of heightened tension throughout the narratives, surprising audiences with new inciting incidents just as the action seems to be falling. This study reveals that although Fences was written nearly 30 years after A Raisin in the Sun, the two plays mirror one another in their exploration of socio-economic struggles and racial dynamics. Ultimately, the paper illustrates how both works encapsulate a continuous struggle for dignity and self-actualization within the constraints of a racially discriminatory society.

Comparative analysis of seagrass habitat structure: distinct patterns at semi-enclosed and open sites in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Habitat structure in the seagrass ecosystems are crucial for coastal biodiversity and substrate stability. The purpose of this research conducted from June to December 2021 in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia was to examine the habitat structure of seagrass beds at two sites with different levels of exposure: Puntondo (semi-enclosed bay) and Batu Kalasi (exposed). Species identification, non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS), Bray Curtis cluster analysis, similarity percentage (SIMPER), Particle Size Analysis (PSA), and satellite imagery were used to evaluate complexity, heterogeneity, sediment particle size, and extent. The presence of macroalgae and coral species at Batu Kalasi, likely related to substrate condition, contributed to significant differences in seagrass community composition. The nMDS and Bray Curtis cluster analyses revealed patterns of complexity, while satellite imagery revealed habitat heterogeneity. Seagrass meadow tracking showed a larger and more patchy area in Puntondo Village, measuring 164,318 m², while in Batu Kalasi Island, it only reached 136,901 m². The findings underscore the need for tailored conservation strategies for seagrass ecosystems, in particular to address the specific challenges observed at each site, emphasizing the importance of understanding and preserving diverse coastal environments.

Comparative Analysis of Structure and Motion of Vision Logistics Robotic Arms

This paper combines visual recognition and robotic arm, optimizes the design of robotic arm structure, and researches the logistics robotic arm with six degrees of freedom and visual perception ability to enrich the logistics robotic use scene. Firstly, the visual recognition system is installed on the existing six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm, and the coordinate system is established by the light bar recognition method combined with the D-H parameter method. Secondly, a kinematic simulation model was established by using MATLAB, and the state of the joints was analyzed by using forward and inverse kinematic simulation and fifth degree polynomial interpolation. Finally, the actual logistics fixed-point transportation task is designed for trajectory planning. The results show that the robotic arm is able to be able to perform different grasping tasks in non-structural environments, around the visual analysis of the robotic arm as well as the optimization of the motion track, to enhance the efficiency of the comprehensive use of visual and tactile information, to improve the adaptability of the robotic hand grasping, and to be able to meet the precise control of the pick-up process and the use of the realization of the payload grasping and dexterous movement. The research in this paper provides a certain reference value for the propulsion robot arm to perform intelligent grasping tasks.

Comparative Analysis of Structural Analogs of Dipyridothiazines with m-Xylene and a Lutidine Moiety—In Silico, In Vitro, and Docking Studies

Dimers of dipyridothiazines with an m-xylene moiety are presented in terms of a comparative analysis with anticancer active structural analogs containing a lutidine system. The synthesis of new isomeric dimers was described, the structure of which was confirmed by 1H, 13C and 2D NMR, and HR MS spectroscopic methods. The preliminary prediction of the pharmacological profile using the Way2Drug server indicated the anticancer potential of the tested derivatives. In vitro biological activity tests were performed on a normal skin cell line (HaCaT) and five cancer cell lines, including human primary colon cancer (SW480), human metastatic colon cancer (SW620), human breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231), human lung carcinoma (A-549), and human glioblastoma (LN-229), which indicated low cytotoxic activity. In order to explain the surprisingly low activity, a comparative structural analysis of the tested analogs compared to the dimers with the lutidine system was performed using quantum mechanics and molecular docking in relation to histone deacetylase. Molecular docking indicated the different binding sites of the analyzed dimers, which explained the differences in the activity.

Comparative Analysis of Polysaccharide and Cell Wall Structure in Aspergillus nidulans and Aspergillus fumigatus by Solid-State NMR.

Invasive aspergillosis poses a significant threat to immunocompromised patients, leading to high mortality rates associated with these infections. Targeting the biosynthesis of cell wall carbohydrates is a promising strategy for antifungal drug development and will be advanced by a molecular-level understanding of the native structures of polysaccharides within their cellular context. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy has recently provided detailed insights into the cell wall organization of Aspergillus fumigatus, but genetic and biochemical evidence highlights species-specific differences among Aspergillus species. In this study, we employed a combination of 13C, 15N, and 1H-detection solid-state NMR, supplemented by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP), to compare the structural organization of cell wall polymers and their assembly in the cell walls of A. fumigatus and A. nidulans, both of which are key model organisms and human pathogens. The two species exhibited a similar rigid core architecture, consisting of chitin, α-glucan, and β-glucan, which contributed to comparable cell wall properties, including polymer dynamics, water retention, and supramolecular organization. However, differences were observed in the chitin, galactosaminogalactan, protein, and lipid content, as well as in the dynamics of galactomannan and the structure of the glucan matrix.

Stable monomers in the ancestral sequence reconstruction of the last opisthokont common ancestor of dimeric triosephosphate isomerase.

Function and structure are strongly coupled in obligated oligomers such as Triosephosphate isomerase (TIM). In animals and fungi, TIM monomers are inactive and unstable. Previously, we used ancestral sequence reconstruction to study TIM evolution and found that before these lineages diverged, the last opisthokonta common ancestor of TIM (LOCATIM) was an obligated oligomer that resembles those of extant TIMs. Notably, calorimetric evidence indicated that ancestral TIM monomers are more structured than extant ones. To further increase confidence about the function, structure, and stability of the LOCATIM, in this work, we applied two different inference methodologies and the worst plausible case scenario for both of them, to infer four sequences of this ancestor and test the robustness of their physicochemical properties. The extensive biophysical characterization of the four reconstructed sequences of LOCATIM showed very similar hydrodynamic and spectroscopic properties, as well as ligand-binding energetics and catalytic parameters. Their 3D structures were also conserved. Although differences were observed in melting temperature, all LOCATIMs showed reversible urea-induced unfolding transitions, and for those that reached equilibrium, high conformational stability was estimated (ΔGTot = 40.6-46.2 kcal/mol). The stability of the inactive monomeric intermediates was also high (ΔGunf = 12.6-18.4 kcal/mol), resembling some protozoan TIMs rather than the unstable monomer observed in extant opisthokonts. A comparative analysis of the 3D structure of ancestral and extant TIMs shows a correlation between the higher stability of the ancestral monomers with the presence of several hydrogen bonds located in the "bottom" part of the barrel.

Changes in the structure of mortality due to COVID-19 in Czechia, Poland, and Slovakia

Objectives: The objective of our paper was to determine the statistical significance of the impact of the COVID-19 disease on the average age of death of an individual and the dependence of the average age of death on the causes of death in 2020. Study design: Awareness of the effects and consequences of the pandemic prompted us to check whether COVID-19 had a statistically significant impact on death patterns in Czechia, Poland, and Slovakia. Methods: The research is based on a detailed comparative analysis of the age structure of deaths from COVID-19 in countries that are regionally and culturally close. The Renkonen similarity index is calculated, followed by the non-parametric test for similarity of structures. Results: The average life expectancy in the analyzed countries decreased by about 1–2 years, and the forecasts of the increase in the number of deaths in 2020 turned out to be underestimated by 11% in the case of Slovakia and by 15% in the case of Poland and Czechia. COVID-19 was the fourth leading cause of death for women and the third leading cause of death for men in Poland and Czechia. In Slovakia, it was the third leading cause of death among women and the fourth among men. Conclusions: The pandemic caused not only direct deaths from the virus, but also indirect deaths due to the disruption of healthcare systems, socioeconomic shocks, and mental health consequences.

Comparative Analysis of Bacterial Community Structures in Earthworm Skin, Gut, and Habitat Soil across Typical Temperate Forests.

Earthworms are essential components in temperate forest ecosystems, yet the patterns of change in earthworm-associated microbial communities across different temperate forests remain unclear. This study employed high-throughput sequencing technology to compare bacterial community composition and structure in three earthworm-associated microhabitats (skin, gut, and habitat soil) across three typical temperate forests in China, and investigated the influence of environmental factors on these differential patterns. The results indicate that: (1) From warm temperate forests to cold temperate forests, the soil pH of the habitat decreased significantly. In contrast, the physicochemical properties of earthworm skin mucus exhibited different trends compared to those of the habitat soil. (2) Alpha diversity analysis revealed a declining trend in Shannon indices across all three microhabitats. (3) Beta diversity analysis revealed that the transition from warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest to cold temperate coniferous forest exerted the most significant impact on the gut bacterial communities of earthworms, while its influence on the skin bacterial communities was comparatively less pronounced. (4) Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were the predominant phyla in earthworm skin, gut, and habitat soil, but the trends in bacterial community composition differed among the three microhabitats. (5) Mantel tests revealed significant correlations between bacterial community structures and climatic factors, physicochemical properties of earthworm habitat soil, and physicochemical properties of earthworm skin mucus. The findings of this study offer novel perspectives on the interplay between earthworms, microorganisms, and the environment within forest ecosystems.

In-depth analysis of isochorismate synthase-derived metabolism in plant immunity: Identification of meta-substituted benzoates and salicyloyl-malate

Isochorismate-derived metabolism enables biosynthesis of the plant defense hormone salicylic acid (SA) and its derivatives. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the stress-induced accumulation of SA depends on ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE1 (ICS1) and also requires the presumed isochorismate transporter ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY5 (EDS5) and the GH3 enzyme avrPphB SUSCEPTIBLE3 (PBS3). By comparative metabolite and structural analyses, we identified several hitherto unreported ICS1- and EDS5-dependent, biotic stress-inducible Arabidopsis metabolites. These involve meta-substituted SA derivatives (5-formyl-SA, 5-carboxy-SA, 5-carboxymethyl-SA), their benzoic acid (BA) analogs (3-formyl-BA, 3-carboxy-BA, 3-carboxymethyl-BA), and besides the previously detected salicyloyl-aspartate (SA-Asp), the ester conjugate salicyloyl-malate (SA-Mal). SA functions as a biosynthetic precursor for SA-Mal and SA-Asp, but not for the meta-substituted SA- and BA-derivatives, which accumulate to moderate levels at later stages of bacterial infection. Interestingly, Arabidopsis leaves possess oxidizing activity to effectively convert meta-formyl- into meta-carboxy-SA/BAs. In contrast to SA, exogenously applied meta-substituted SA/BA-derivatives and SA-Mal exert a moderate impact on plant immunity and defence-related gene expression. While the isochorismate-derived metabolites are negatively regulated by the SA receptor NON-EXPRESSOR OF PR GENES1, SA conjugates (SA-Mal, SA-Asp, SA-glucose conjugates) and meta-substituted SA/BA-derivatives are oppositely affected by PBS3. Notably, our data indicate a PBS3-independent path to isochorismate-derived SA at later stages of bacterial infection, which does not considerably impact immune-related characteristics. Moreover, our results argue against a previously proposed role of EDS5 in the biosynthesis of the immune signal N-hydroxypipecolic acid and associated transport processes. We propose a significantly extended biochemical scheme of plant isochorismate metabolism that involves an alternative generation mode for benzoate- and salicylate-derivatives.

Comparative muscle anatomy of the anuran pelvis and hindlimb in relation to locomotor mode.

Frogs have a highly conserved body plan, yet they employ a diverse array of locomotor modes, making them ideal organisms for investigating the relationships between morphology and locomotor function, in particular whether anatomical complexity is a prerequisite for functional complexity. We use diffusible iodine contrast-enhanced microCT (diceCT) imaging to digitally dissect the gross muscle anatomy of the pelvis and hindlimbs for 30 species of frogs representing five primary locomotor modes, including the first known detailed dissection for some of the world's smallest frogs, forming the largest digital comparative analysis of musculoskeletal structure in any vertebrate clade to date. By linking musculoskeletal dissections and phylogenetic comparative methods, we then quantify and compare relationships between anatomy and function across over 160 million years of anuran evolution. In summary, we have found that bone lengths and pelvic crest sizes are generally not reliable predictors of muscle sizes, which highlights important implications for future palaeontological studies. Our investigation also presents previously unreported differences in muscle anatomy between frogs specialising in different locomotor modes, including several of the smallest frog hindlimb muscles, which are extremely difficult to extract and measure using traditional approaches. Furthermore, we find evidence of many-to-one and one-to-many mapping of form to function across the phylogeny. Additionally, we perform the first quantitative analysis of how the degree of muscle separation can differ between frogs. We find evidence that phylogenetic history is the key contributing factor to muscle separation in the pelvis and thigh, while the separation of shank muscles is influenced more strongly by locomotor mode. Finally, our anatomical 3D reconstructions are published alongside this manuscript to contribute towards future research and serve as educational materials.

Cryo-EM structure of the CDK2-cyclin A-CDC25A complex

The cell division cycle 25 phosphatases CDC25A, B and C regulate cell cycle transitions by dephosphorylating residues in the conserved glycine-rich loop of CDKs to activate their activity. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of CDK2-cyclin A in complex with CDC25A at 2.7 Å resolution, providing a detailed structural analysis of the overall complex architecture and key protein-protein interactions that underpin this 86 kDa complex. We further identify a CDC25A C-terminal helix that is critical for complex formation. Sequence conservation analysis suggests CDK1/2-cyclin A, CDK1-cyclin B and CDK2/3-cyclin E are suitable binding partners for CDC25A, whilst CDK4/6-cyclin D complexes appear unlikely substrates. A comparative structural analysis of CDK-containing complexes also confirms the functional importance of the conserved CDK1/2 GDSEID motif. This structure improves our understanding of the roles of CDC25 phosphatases in CDK regulation and may inform the development of CDC25-targeting anticancer strategies.

The structural, electronic and magnetic properties of [formula omitted] anti-perovskite

A comprehensive exploration of the structural, electronic, and magnetic attributes of anti-perovskite Fe3ZnC carbides was carried out using Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS). These anti-perovskite materials possess a unique structure where cation and anion positions are interchanged within the perovskite framework. Our study involves a comparative analysis of the electronic band structures and density of states (DOS) for Fe3ZnC, considering prior theoretical and experimental research. Understanding these anti-perovskite materials' band structures and DOS is pivotal for their effective utilization in magnetic sensors and magnetic refrigeration applications. Our results indicate that Fe3ZnC displays ferromagnetic metallic behavior, particularly when applying the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA). Notably, there is a significant overlap between the valence (VB) and conduction (CB) bands. Furthermore, MCS predicts a second-order ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic transition in the anti-perovskite Fe3ZnC compound, characterized by a notably high Curie temperature. These insights advance our understanding of these materials, paving the way for their effective utilization in magnetic technologies.

Comparative Seismic Analysis of Regular and Irregular Multistorey Structures with and without Bracings and Shear wall

Abstract Seismic effect is one of the main factors which has to be considered during the design of structure. Earthquake is one of the supreme hazards for living and assets on earth. It is a natural phenomenon, occurring with uncertainties as a result of sudden release of energy within earth crust in the form of seismic waves. As the earthquake forces affects the stability of the building and about 60% of region in our country is under the influence of seismic forces, the buildings are provided with alternatives to withstand the horizontal forces and to increase the strength, stability and stiffness. Present paper investigates the performance of different structures provided with seismic resisting components. In this paper Shear walls and bracings are incorporated to make the structure moment resisting frame. A comparative seismic analysis of high-rise structures with and without shear walls and bracings is included in this discussion which is done using ETABS 2019 software by Response Spectrum Analysis. The parameters considered for analysis are natural frequency, natural time period, base shear, story stiffness, story displacement and story drift. in constructing both.

Three Polyhedron-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks Exhibiting Excellent Acetylene Selective Adsorption.

The separation of acetylene (C2H2) from ethylene (C2H4) and ethane (C2H6) is crucial for the production of high-purity C2H2 and the recovery of other gases. Polyhedron-based metal-organic frameworks (PMOFs) are characterized by their spacious cavities, which facilitate gas trapping, and cage windows with varying sizes that enable gas screening. In this study, we carefully selected a class of PMOFs based on V-type tetracarboxylic acid linker (JLU-Liu22 containing benzene ring, JLU-Liu46 containing urea group and recombinant reconstructed In/Cu CBDA on the basis of JLU-Liu46) to study the relationship between pore environment and C2 adsorption and separation performance. Among the three compounds, JLU-Liu46 exhibits superior selectivity toward C2H2/C2H4 (2.06) as well as C2H2/C2H6 (2.43). Comparative structural analysis reveals that the exceptional adsorbed-C2H2 performance of JLU-Liu46 can be attributed to the synergistic effects arising from coordinatively unsaturated Cu sites combined with an optimal pore environment (matched pore size and polarity, urea functional group), resulting in a strong affinity between the framework and C2H2 molecules. Furthermore, transient breakthrough simulations of JLU-Liu46 confirmed its potential for separating C2H2 in ternary C2 gas.

BESO and SESO: Comparative Analysis of Spatial Structures Considering Self-Weight and Structural Reliability

A comparative analysis between Bidirectional Evolutionary Structural Optimization (BESO) and Smoothing-ESO (SESO), simultaneously considering Reliability-Based Topology Optimization (RBTO) and the structure’s self-weight in the case of three-dimensional elasticity, is presented in this study. Due to the important role of the existence of uncertainties in making the structural design more realistic, geometry, volumetric fraction, modulus of elasticity, compliance, and loading are considered random variables with normal probability distribution. When adopting the First Order Reliability Method (FORM), the failure probability is calculated based on the reliability index. Furthermore, considering the influence of self-weight in problems involving large structures in civil engineering, especially in the case of bridges, this makes the optimal configuration more reliable for design. A series of examples are covered to validate the methods presented, showing their efficiency and robustness.