Quantitative Comparative Research Research Articles

Evaluation of Training Effectiveness of Kirkpatrick Model on Blended Learning and Classical Training in Sarolangun District Government

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Kirkpatrick training model in leadership training for supervisors in the Sarolangun Regency Government. The study compares the effectiveness of supervisor leadership training conducted using classical methods and blended learning methods. A quantitative comparative research method is employed. The study's population comprises 80 individuals for training evaluation at levels 1 and 2, and 160 individuals for training evaluation at levels 3 and 4. Primary and secondary data sources are utilized. Data collection techniques include interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The Likert scale measurement is conducted using Microsoft Excel, and hypothesis testing is performed using SPSS 26.0 software. The results indicate that the evaluation using the Kirkpatrick model between blended learning and classical methods obtained a P value (0.523 > 0.05), indicating that Ho is accepted and Ha is rejected. This means there is no significant difference in the Kirkpatrick model evaluation results between training using blended learning methods and classical methods.

Teacher Support and Student Engagement in the Conduct of Blended Learning Instruction for English as A Foreign Language

With the deep integration of information technology and education, blended learning has emerged as a new paradigm in higher education, combining the strengths of both online and offline learning environments. This approach allows English as Foreign Language (EFL) learners, particularly in the Chinese context, to engage in flexible and continuous learning beyond traditional classroom settings, thereby fostering greater student initiative and self-directed learning. Understanding the impact of teacher support on student engagement within this blended learning framework is crucial for optimizing educational outcomes. This study employed a quantitative descriptive comparative and correlational research design to examine the relationship between various forms of teacher support—instructional, emotional, feedback, and interpersonal—and student engagement among 307 Chinese EFL learners in a blended learning environment. The findings reveal that all forms of teacher support were perceived as high, with feedback provision ranking highest. Similarly, student engagement was also rated highly across behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and social domains. The Pearson correlation coefficient between teacher support and student engagement was found to be 0.75, indicating a significant positive relationship. Based on these findings, a program aimed at enhancing teacher support to further improve student engagement in blended learning environments was developed and recommended.

THE INFLUENCE OF GENERIC SKILLS ON GENDER DIFFERENCES IN SCIENTIFIC PROCESSING AND CRITICAL THINKING IN PHYSICS MOTION DYNAMICS

This study investigates the gender differences in generic skills, scientific process abilities, and critical thinking among high school students during physics learning, specifically within motion dynamics. The research aims to uncover the impact of generic skills on students' scientific processing and critical thinking abilities while examining how gender influences these cognitive domains. Employing a comparative quantitative research design, data were gathered from 180 students (90 male and 90 female) in Jambi City using observation sheets, test questions, and questionnaires. The sample was selected through simple random sampling, and statistical analyses were performed to examine the differences in learning outcomes between genders. Results revealed notable gender disparities in generic skills, scientific processing, and critical thinking, with male and female students demonstrating distinct proficiencies in physics learning. This underscores the necessity of adopting gender-sensitive educational approaches to foster equitable learning experiences. The uniqueness of this research lies in its detailed exploration of the interconnectedness between generic skills, scientific processing, and critical thinking within the framework of gender. Unlike prior studies, which often focus on isolated skills, this study integrates these core competencies to provide a more holistic understanding of how gender influences physics learning. The findings emphasize the need for inclusive curricula and gender-tailored instructional strategies that promote equal opportunities for all students in science education, particularly in physics, thus contributing to a more balanced and equitable academic environment.

Analisis Reaksi Pasar Modal di Asia Tenggara terhadap Pandemi COVID – 19

This study aims to find empirical evidence regarding the Capital Market Reaction Analysis in Southeast Asia to the Covid-19 Pandemic. This study uses abnormal stock returns obtained from the composite stock index on the stock market in each Southeast Asian country in 2019 (before the pandemic occurred) and 2020 (when the Covid-19 pandemic occurred). The type of research used in this research is comparative quantitative research and the method used is descriptive quantitative. The research population is countries that have been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. The sample of this research is the stock market in Thailand, Singapore, Vietnam, Malaysia, Cambodia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Myanmar, and Laos. Based on the results of the Abnormal Stock Return test using the Paired Sample t – Test, only Cambodia has reacted to the Covid-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, Thailand, Singapore, Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Myanmar, and Laos have not reacted to the Covid-19 pandemic. So it can be concluded that the hypothesis in this study was rejected. This means that there is no significant difference in the comparison of abnormal stock returns before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. This proves that the Covid-19 pandemic does not yet have significant information content to affect the stock market in Southeast Asia.

Children's play activities viewed from the geographical location aspect

The problem of this research is the low level of children's play activity in terms of geographical location. This can be seen from the category of children's play activities in the city of Padang which is in the sufficient category. This is because parents are too overprotective of their children in playing activities. Parents are more likely to have their children help their parents work, study and recite the Koran. The objectives of this research: (1) To reveal children's play activities from the highlands; (2) To reveal the play activities of lowland children; (3) To reveal children's beachside play activities; (4) To reveal the effectiveness of children's play activities in terms of highland, lowland and beachside aspects. This research method uses comparative quantitative research (comparison). The research population was highland elementary school students (Tanah Datar Regency), lowland (Padang City), Padang Experimental State Elementary School students, Kampung Jawa Elementary School students, Pariaman City (coastal plain). Samples were drawn using purposive sampling and a sample of 106 people were obtained from the highlands, lowlands and seaside. The instrument used to measure Gusril's Play Activities contains closed questions on a Likert scale with a validity of 0.69 and a reliability of 0.94 as well as open questions to capture data that has not been captured by a closed questionnaire for children in the highlands (Bukittinggi), lowland (Padang City) and the beach (Kota Pariaman). The data analysis technique for this research uses Descriptive and Inferential Oneway Anova statistics to test the effectiveness of children's play activities. Based on data analysis and discussion, the following research results can be concluded: (1) Highland children's play activities are in the very good category; (2) Lowland children's play activities are in the sufficient category; (3) Beachside children's play activities are in the sufficient category; (4) Highland children's play activities are more effective than lowland and beachside areas. (5) There is no significant difference between lowland and beachside play activities. It is recommended that parents give their children the opportunity to play because playing is a child's human right according to the 2003 Geneva Sports and Health Conference. Keywords: Children's play activities, geographical location, highlands, lowlands, edges.

Virtual Reality Immersive Simulations for a Forensic Molecular Biology Course—A Quantitative Comparative Study

Molecular biology is a complex, abstract, subject that can be challenging for higher education students to comprehend. The current manuscript describes the design, implementation, and evaluation of two immersive VR simulations of a DNA lab and a crime scene investigation (CSI) for a forensic molecular biology course in the context of the “TESLA” Erasmus+ project. It illustrates the instructional design and technical aspects of the VR simulations’ development. The experimental study employed a comparative quantitative research design. The guiding research questions examined how instructional modalities (online vs. face-to-face) affect learners’ perceptions of VR-based training in higher education and the key factors influencing learners’ intention for their adoption. Forty-six (n = 46) undergraduate students completed a 17-item questionnaire, which served as the main data collection instrument. Results demonstrate that both online and face-to-face VR-based instruction can effectively convey core concepts, thus challenging the traditional notion that face-to-face interaction is inherently superior. Its implications underscore the potential of VR simulations to supplement or even substitute traditional teaching methods, particularly for complex science subjects.

Comparative analysis of stress levels among working and non-working Indian women in rural Gujarat.

Stress is derived from the Latin word "stringers" manifests as the body's response to various demands and pressures, affecting individuals' health and well-being. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate stress levels in employed and unemployed women, recognizing the differential stress experiences in various life domains. A quantitative non-experimental comparative research design was employed, with data collected through structured questionnaires from 120 women in Visnagar, Gujarat. Results: Non-working women demonstrated lower stress levels compared to working women in pre-test measures. Post-intervention, non-working women experienced a reduction in stress, while working women showed no change. Demographic factors like age, education, and family structure did not significantly influence stress levels, except for monthly income, which correlated with lower stress across both groups. The study underscores significant disparities in stress levels between employed and unemployed women in rural Visnagar. Tailored interventions effectively reduced stress among non-working women but showed limited efficacy for working women. Financial stability emerged as a crucial factor in mitigating stress. Younger working women reported higher stress levels, suggesting the need for targeted interventions addressing career and familial pressures.

Influence of Visiting Lecturer's Quality on Indonesian-Malaysian Student Perceptions

This article highlights the importance of a lecturer's success when providing a learning process to their students. For this reason, the study of the success of the learning process needs to be researched by looking at the influence of learning quality on student perceptions. The Faculty of Communication Sciences of Universitas Islam Bandung (UNISBA) has conducted a series of Online Visiting Lecturers in collaboration with the Faculty of Leadership and Management (FKP), Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM). The study opted comparative quantitative research approach to investigate the influence of teaching quality on Indonesian-Malaysian Students’ Persception among the students who have participated in the visiting lecturer program. Based on the results of the calculation of R-square and R-value, the teaching quality positive influences the perception of Indonesian student by 54,3% and that of Malaysian student by 73.7%. It demonstrated that the teaching quality of the visiting lecturer program positively influences the perceptions of Indonesian-Malaysian students.

Tax Revenue Achievement: Between Tax Amnesty and the Voluntary Disclosure Program at KPP Pratama Batu

his research aims to determine the number of taxpayers who participated in the Tax Amnesty Program and the Voluntary Disclosure Program as well as the tax revenue achievements from these two programs at KPP Pratama Batu along with factors inhibiting the success of the two programs. This research is a descriptive comparative quantitative research using secondary data from KPP Pratama Batu. The data analysis technique uses the Mann-Whitney test. The research results show that as many as 7.72% of the number of registered taxpayers in 2017 at KPP Pratama Batu participated in the Tax Amnesty program by contributing 36.1 trillion or 30% of the total tax revenue in 2017 at KPP Pratama Batu. Meanwhile, 1.30% of the number of registered taxpayers in 2022 at KPP Pratama Batu participated in the Voluntary Disclosure Program by contributing 31.1 trillion or 20% of the total tax revenue in 2022 at KPP Pratama Batu. This shows that there is a difference between the Tax Amnesty Program and the Voluntary Disclosure Program (PPS) at KPP Pratama Batu. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors for the Tax Amnesty Program and the Voluntary Disclosure Program are high rates and less effective methods of conveying program information to taxpayers.

The differences of learning outcomes in students archery skill according to physiological ability

This study aimed to determine the learning outcomes of students' archery skills in terms of physiological ability factors in the results of the initial, mid, and final shots. This is comparative quantitative research to determine the extent of variation or differences between related variables. Data analysis in this study used descriptive statistics and inferential one-way ANOVA. The research sample was students of the FIK PJKR study program class of 2019/2020. The result of the one-way ANOVA test is the Sig. 0.003 0.05 means there is no difference in the results of the middle and final shots. The results conclude no significant difference between the two variants in the average shot yield (browse). This study concluded that physiological ability factors contributed to archery skills, including cardiovascular endurance, muscle strength, respiratory tract, blood pressure, dehydration, etc.

The Implications of Assessment Based on Contextual Learning on Students' Results

Creating contexts in teaching, learning, and assessing the student involves a complex activity whose purpose is the student's progress. The connection between the three processes can be assured by choosing the best educational context for the university teacher. In the student-centered university educational process, having the students as partners in the teaching process and assessing them based on contextual learning is essential. This study analyses the influence of assessment based on contextual learning on students' learning results and used descriptive and comparative quantitative research with a non-experimental design to achieve this goal. The sample was 114 students from the Teacher Training Department, West University of Timisoara, Romania, second year of study, Level 1 of the Postgraduate Program, for the academic year 2021–2022 (20 males and 94 females). Using two formative context-based assessment tasks and one summative content-based assessment task, the study revealed that assessments based on practical contextual learning tasks positively impact students' results more than content-based assessments. Also, the contextual assessment task type influences students' results, with the practical context determining better results than a cognitive-theoretical context. The study's limitations suggested that many factors could be involved in studying the impact of different types of contextual assessment on students' results. Future experimental research could be done on considering experimentally confirmed variables and criteria for construing and choosing the appropriate type of task for formative and summative contextual assessment that confirms students' progress, including new technologies support in contextual assessment.

The Role of People's Business Credit (Kur Syariah) on he Turnover of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) Customers of PT Pegadaian Syariah in Sampang Regency

KUR sharia is one of the products offered by Pegadaian Syariah to help micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) develop their businesses using sharia principles. The aim of the research is to analyze the differences in MSME turnover in Sampang Regency before and after receiving sharia KUR financing. This research was carried out from December 2023 to January 2024. The number of samples used was 59 respondents. This research uses comparative quantitative research methods. The data collection and analysis method is through primary data in the form of distributing questionnaires. The data analysis technique used in this research is purposive sampling. The research results show that KUR Syariah financing has a significant influence on the turnover of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Kab. Lacquer. This is reinforced by the results of data analysis using the paired sample t-test and simple linear regression test, namely the significant value is 0.000 < 0.05 so it can be concluded that after obtaining KUR Syariah financing there has been a significant increase.

Sustainable Earthquake Preparedness: A Cross-Cultural Comparative Analysis in Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia

Authorities and governmental bodies strongly emphasize the importance of residents preparing for natural disasters, particularly underscoring the significance of readiness for geophysical hazards like earthquakes. In this study, which represents comparative quantitative research, the levels and predictors of the impact on preparedness for earthquake-induced disasters in South-Eastern European countries such as Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia are examined. Using the snowball sampling technique (online questionnaire), a survey of 1245 respondents (Montenegro (n = 400), North Macedonia (n = 345), and Serbia (n = 500) was conducted from February 2023 to February 2024. The paper is based on the central hypothesis that the most significant predictor of earthquake preparedness in Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia is age, followed by education and gender. Multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the extent to which five scores of the subscales (household preparedness, community preparedness, disaster preparation, earthquake risk awareness, and reinforced house) were associated with seventh demographic and socio-economic variables. In addition to the mentioned analysis, other statistical analyses such as t-test, one-way ANOVA analysis, and Pearson correlation were also utilized. The results indicate that age emerges as a predictor in various aspects of earthquake-induced disaster preparedness and awareness in most models, followed by education and gender. These findings confirm the significance of respondents’ age in determining levels of preparedness and earthquake awareness. Overall, in North Macedonia, respondents recorded the highest ratings (M = 3.52) for household preparedness for earthquakes, compared to Serbia (M = 3.26) and Montenegro (M = 2.98), where the lower ratings were recorded. Research findings, taking into account cultural characteristics, can serve as a basis for the development of targeted interventions, strategies, policies, and programs aimed at improving the level of societal preparedness for earthquake-induced disasters.

Vietnamese EFL students’ perceptions of learner autonomy factors: An analysis of gender, major, and tenure differences

This study investigates the perceptions of Learner Autonomy (LA) factors among students in the context of English language acquisition in Vietnam. Specifically, the study examines the potential impact of students’ gender, major, and tenure on their perceptions of these factors. A quantitative comparative research design was employed, utilizing survey-based methodology to collect data from a sample of 117 Vietnamese English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students. The data were analyzed using Independent-samples t-tests to identify significant differences in perceptions across gender, major, and tenure groups. The results indicate that, overall, gender does not significantly impact students’ perceptions of the examined learning factors. However, gender differences were observed in the clusters of teachers’ behavior and teachers’ instructions, suggesting variations in how males and females perceive these aspects of LA. The study also reveals that students’ majors, specifically English Teacher Education and English Studies, do not significantly influence their perceptions of LA factors. Furthermore, students’ tenure in the program does not significantly shape their perceptions of these factors. Accordingly, the results provide valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and curriculum developers in the field of language education, highlighting the need for gender-responsive approaches and inclusive educational practices to promote LA.

Analisis Perbedaan Kinerja Keuangan Sebelum Dan Sesudah IPO Pada Perusahaan Go Public Di BEI

Companies that carry out an IPO on the capital market will usually experience better performance changes and thus gain greater profits. Financial performance ratios are used by investors to make investment decisions in a company and determine company value. This research is in the form of comparative quantitative research. This comparative research aims to describe the differences in the financial ratio performance of companies conducting Initial Public Offerings (IPO) on the IDX before and after the IPO period. The population in this research is all companies listed in the IPO position on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2019, a total of 55 companies with a sample of 40 companies. The research results show that there is no difference in financial performance in terms of Currnet Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and Return on Equity (ROE) both before and after the IPO in non-financial sector companies that decided to IPO in 2019.

Comparison of Motivation and Geography Learning Outcomes of Students Who Live in Islamic Boarding Schools and Outside Islamic Boarding Schools

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this research is to determine whether or not there are differences in the motivation and learning outcomes of geography Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Jadid students who live in Islamic boarding schools and outside Islamic boarding schools.
 Methodology:This research uses comparative quantitative research. Data collection methods use observation, questionnaires and documentation. The population of this study was all students in classes X-XII Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Jadid, totaling 113 students. There are 78 students living in Islamic boarding schools and 35 students living outside Islamic boarding schools. Sampling used the Proportional Sampling technique. The number of samples in this study was 65 students who lived in Islamic boarding schools and 32 students who lived outside Islamic boarding schools. Analysis of hypothesis testing on learning motivation variables and student geography learning outcomes using Parametric Statistics with the Polled Variance t-test formula and Independent t test SPSS 23 for Windows program.
 Main Findings: The results of research data analysis show that there are differences in motivation to learn geography between students living in Islamic boarding schools and outside Islamic boarding schools. Likewise, with student learning outcomes, there are differences in motivation to learn geography between students who live in Islamic boarding schools and outside Islamic boarding schools.
 Novelty/Originality of this study: Comparing these aspects between students inside and outside Islamic boarding schools can reveal patterns of insight regarding the impact of the learning environment, motivation and teaching methodology on geography learning outcomes.

STUDI KOMPARASI STORE ATMOSPHERE, KUALITAS PELAYANAN, LOKASI DAN KEPUASAN KONSUMEN PADA CAFE WELIJO DAN TERAKOTA DI LAMONGAN

A phenomenon that is currently popular among people lately is going to cafes while sitting and enjoying the atmosphere and this has become their lifestyle. One form of business that is currently on the rise in Lamongan is the coffee shop business. Along with the rapid development of the times, lifestyles have also changed. A person's current lifestyle is one that likes to consume coffee and also a lifestyle that likes gathering with friends or family. The method in this research is quantitative research and comparative research. This research uses a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire. The sample and population are all consumers who have purchased or visited Cafe Welijo and Terakota. The aim of this research is to find out and analyze whether there are significant differences in Store Atmosphere, Service Quality, Location and Consumer Satisfaction. The analytical method used is the Independent sample t-test. The results of the research show that there is a significant difference of 0.000<0.05 between Store Atmosphere, Service Quality, Location and Consumer Satisfaction at Cafe Welijo and Terakota in Lamongan

Implementation of the Energy Justice Concept in Strategies and Projects of Foreign Energy Companies

Introduction. The given article examines the challenges of ensuring energy justice in business models of energy companies. It identifies ways in which organizations and businesses providing energy services locally, regionally and internationally can successfully integrate social justice values into business strategies, ensuring that their operations are aligned with the principles of equitable provision of energy services.Materials and methods. Materials used for the given research include foreign and Russian studies on energy justice issues, statistical data and news sources from the world media. The methodological basis consists of such scientific methods as qualitative and quantitative analysis, synthesis, comparative research and statistical analysis.Results of the study. Analysis of the activities of foreign energy companies suggests that energy justice is a highly effective “tool” not only from the point of view of conceptualizing the theoretical idea of an energy just world and effectively analyzing a wide range of energy-related issues, but can also be considered as a valuable contribution to the actual process of developing energy policy and a framework for assessing the sustainability of energy-related projects and initiatives. The concept of a public interest company based on the principles of energy and social justice can be defined as a set of guidelines aimed at transforming existing business practices to ensure that these practices are consistent with the principles of energy justice.Discussion and conclusions. The given re­search revealed that the degree of adherence to energy justice principles determines whether certain business practices or specific projects are consistent with its paradigm. At the same time, as evidenced by available scientific research on this issue, commercial activity and the creation of social and environmental values are not internally contradictory concepts. On the contrary, energy justice guidelines and aspects can be successfully integrated into various business models at local, subnational, regional and global levels.

Efektivitas Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Sumberdaya Terintegrasi Terhadap Pembayaran UKT Mahasiswa

This research aims to identify and analyze how effective the sister application is in paying UKT for UIN KHAS Jember students. This research uses quantitative research methods and comparative causal research. Data collection was obtained from an online questionnaire, which was distributed to 30 students of the Islamic Education Management (MPI) study program at UIN KHAS Jember. The sample was selected using a simple random sampling method. The results of data analysis show that the items in the questionnaire are valid and reliable. The classical assumption test shows that there are no problems of normality, heteroscedasticity and multicollinearity. Hypothesis testing through simple linear regression shows that the sister application has a significant and positive effect on UKT payments for UIN KHAS Jember students. Based on the results of this analysis, it was concluded that the sister application was effectively used for paying UKT for UIN KHAS Jember students.

Differences in Prosocial Behavior of 5 - 6 Year Old Children in Coastal and Non-Coastal Areas of North Bengkulu Regency

This study aims to describe the differences in prosocial behavior of children aged 5-6 years in coastal and non-coastal areas of North Bengkulu Regency. By using a comparative quantitative research approach. The study population was 6 coastal sub-districts and 13 non-coastal areas in North Bengkulu and the sample used multistage sampling which had several stages, the first stage used cluster sampling techniques to select coastal sub-districts and non-coastal sub-districts in North Bengkulu Regency, the second stage used simple random sampling techniques used to select coastal and non-coastal villages, obtained a sample of 45 children. The data collection technique used a questionnaire. The research data analysis was Independent Sample T test. The results showed prosocial behavior from 5 sub-indicators (helping, cooperating, sharing feelings, acting honestly, and giving charity) in coastal areas with an average of 2.372 on low criteria, while non-coastal areas with an average of 2.41 on low criteria. There is no significant difference between the prosocial behavior of children aged 5-6 years in coastal and non-coastal areas of North Bengkulu Regency.