Comparative Analysis Of Approaches Research Articles

Neoliberal Parliamentarism: a comparative analysis of approaches to legislative governance by the Harris and Ford governments in the province of Ontario, 1997 to 2019

The role and function of legislative institutions in the transition to neoliberalism have been largely ignored by scholarly literature. This article offers an analysis of the legislative approaches and strategies employed by two Right-wing governments in the Canadian province of Ontario during a period spanning more than 20 years. When viewed comparatively, both governments utilize similar approaches to undermine the capacity of the legislature to hold the executive to account in order to shield their neoliberal restructuring plans from democratic interference. This fits a broader pattern in which the reconfiguration of parliamentary institutions to accommodate the implementation of politically contentious neoliberal legislation has become increasingly commonplace.

Russian and German Legislation on Personal Data: Comparative Analysis of Approaches and Practices

The paper analyzes the legislative acts on the collection and storage of biometric data of citizens and the changes in the idea of how the legal state can and should be arranged, what the guarantees of the security of providing such data to various structures in the Russian and German legislation are. The idea of a rule-of-law state was, as you know, was developed in Germany by C. T. Welker, R. v. Mohl, R.G. Gneist and J.C. Freiherr von Aretin and was borrowed by Russian statesmen — S. S. Alekseev, V. M. Gessen, N.M. Korkunov, A. F. Kistyakovsky, S.A. Kotlyarevsky, P.I. Novgorodtsev, N.I. Paliyenko. During the existence of our States, this concept has undergone many changes in both its Russian and German versions, which each time was dictated by a number of objective reasons. At the present stage, both powers are concerned with the problem of security, the threat of terrorism, fraud in the Internet space. Therefore, in the European Union, for example, the requirement for identification documents to contain biometric data is now mandatory for all member countries. European thought, as revealed in the analysis of existing concepts and experience of their implementation, was a few steps ahead — while in Russia laws are adopted without discussion with citizens infringing their rights guaranteed by the Constitution, Europe is concerned with the creation of a data storage system representing the cultural heritage of mankind. The rule of law state has become to a large extent a metaphor for which a particular citizen does not feel any content. The use of this term has become a technological tool for the state to achieve political and geopolitical goals, a way to prove that we are also among the civilized liberal democracies and market economies, which distorts the essence of the idea of the rule of law for a particular person. The Russians themselves often do not understand the idea of the rule of law and the mechanism for its achievement.

Algorithm and methodology of diagnostics of communication system of the enterprise

On the basis of comparative analysis of approaches to the study of organizational communications developed a method of their diagnosis, consisting in determining the composition of the characteristics of the communication system of the enterprise, specialized methods for measuring and assessing the magnitude of critical deviations, and the research algorithm. Specifics of the considered strategic diagnostics consist in the accounting of resources and abilities of the organizational communications considered as complete set of external and internal communications. The resulting tools are used in decision-making procedures on the directions of development of the communication component of the strategic potential of the production enterprise. The tendency of alignment of the importance of communications supporting organizational changes with resource-providing communications with the increasing turbulence of the external environment is established, which increases the importance of internal communications for modern enterprises, including the distribution of budgets for the development of communications.

Математические способности в исследованиях зарубежных и отечественных ученых

In the article, on the basis of a wide range of studies, the views of foreign and domestic scientists on the specifi cs of mathematical abilities are presented, a comparative analysis of approaches is given and their structure is described. The most important cognitive characteristics of mathematically gifted students are described: the ability to memorize mathematical information, the ability to build and use mathematical structures, the ability to reverse the direction of thought, the ability to capture complex structures and work with them, the ability to build and use mathematical analogies, mathematical sensitivity and mathematical creativity. The most frequently encountered problems of mathematically gifted students are indicated: asynchronous development, problems of socialization, as well as problems with self-learning. The main features of mathematical abilities are generalized: the ability to generalize; logical and formalized thinking; fl exibility and depth, systematic, rational and reasoned reasoning; mathematical perception and memory.

FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS AND FUNCTIONAL MAPS OF QUALIFICATIONS IN ECVET CONTEXT

Introduction. Activation of the process of internationalisation and mobility in Russian Vocational Education and Training (VET) is quite possible by adapting principles and methodology of the European Credit Transfer System for Vocational Education and Training (ECVET). The need to achieve transparency of qualifications, recognition of learning outcomes in view of achieving qualifications, accumulation, comparison and transfer of learning outcomes becomes more apparent and urgent for integration processes of VET systems in Russia and European Union countries and is currently under consideration by the RUECVET project team. The aim is to adjust application of functional analysis to description of an occupation in terms of work functions with the following conversion of the defined functions into sets of learning outcomes necessary for characterizing a qualification. The ECVET principles and technical specifications form the context of the research in order to develop an adequate VET study programme for achieving the correspondent qualification of level 4 or 5 of the European Qualifications Framework (EQF) in the Russian education environment. Methodology and research methods . The methodology is based on the functional analysis of an occupational sector and the functions performed within it in such a manner that the following identification of the correspondent units of learning outcomes for the relevant qualification can be fulfilled. The research has been conducted by means of the content-analysis, modelling and expert estimation method. Results and scientific novelty. Comparative analysis of approaches to the design of occupations and qualifications in both national and European environments is presented in the article. The functional analysis is used for allocation of work functions and creation of units of learning outcomes related to a particular qualification. The procedure of applying functional analysis to an occupation as well as the technology of consequent construction of the functional map for the correspondent qualification taking into account the relevant educational and occupational standards and sectoral preferences have been elaborated. The result of the study is adaptation of methodology of functional analysis and verification of the developed procedure when constructing a functional map of the chosen qualification. The procedures are illustrated on the qualification of a lawyer achieved in the VET study programme “Legislation and Social Protection”, equivalent to level 5 of the European Qualifications Framework (EQF). Successful experiments with occupations of welders, electricians, web designers, hospitality managers and others related to the qualifications of level 4 and 5 of EQF have been also completed in RUECVET project, although are not described in the article due to the restricted volume. Practical significance. The derived procedures are useful for development of a set of detailed learning outcomes from functional mapping by allocating knowledge and skills and using the concept of unit of learning outcomes for compilation of a qualification in accordance with the relevant educational and occupational standards and employers’ understanding how the real work should be performed. The procedures are useful also for identifying units of learning outcomes to build an adequate VET study programme in ECVET context of Russian educational system.

Global market of educational products in the it sphere: priorities for russian universities

The article describes the key trends in education for the IT and radio electronics sectors, considers the comparative analysis of approaches to organization of scientific and educational activities in 30 foreign and domestic universities leading in subject ratings of QS Computer Science & Information Systems and Engineering – Electrical & Electronic. Characteristics of the trends are: • close and constantly increasing integration of educational and scientific fields of activity, which is reflected in the emergence of interdisciplinary educational programs, linking the educational process to research in breakthrough areas of knowledge and the formation of specific university ecosystems aimed at leadership in specific technologies; • the variety of forms of organization of the educational process, the orientation towards modularity, individuality and continuity, which are actively used in the promotion of educational services; • the general backlog of Russian universities from IT practice and expectations of the real sector. The research methodology included analysis of the content and models for the implementation of educational products, expert opinions on the requirements for the formation of IT professionals. As a result, disparities between current industry trends, the current situation in education and demands of the real sector were defined. In the context of the example of a number of master’s programs developed at the Institute of Radioelectronics and Information Technologies of the Ural Federal University, a mechanism for integrating science, education and consulting in order to develop highly-demanded interdisciplinary educational products has been demonstrated. The results of the research can be used by domestic and foreign universities working in IT-segments, to increase competitiveness and implement strategic scientific and educational initiatives.

A Study on the Development of Researches in Korean Wave in Vietnam: A Comparative Analysis of Approaches and Topics of Research by both Korean and Local Scholars

A Study on the Development of Researches in Korean Wave in Vietnam: A Comparative Analysis of Approaches and Topics of Research by both Korean and Local Scholars

On the Quantitative Expression of the Accuracy of Laboratory and Industrial Measurements

A comparative analysis of approaches and methods for expressing the accuracy of industrial (routine) and laboratory measurements is carried out. Debatable questions of summation of systematic and random errors and use of uncertainty in the system of indicators of measurement accuracy are discussed. The applicability of measurement uncertainty in the quantitative expression of the accuracy of laboratory measurements is substantiated.

Characteristics of financial position of religious organizations in Russia and Italy: constitutional legal aspect

The article gives comparative analysis of approaches towards financing of religious organizations on the part of the state as one of the principles of a secular state. We give interpretation of the principle as of today. The authors attempt to research and define permissible limits of financial sovereignty of religious confessions. The article demonstrates considerable differences in the systems employed in Russia and in Italy. The authors suggest changing not only the mechanisms of providing financial support but also the procedure of rendering the accountancy.

FORMATION, MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF KEY COMPETENCES IN DESIGN MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIZATION

Relevance of basic and exclusive knowledge and abilities of company research making is confirmed by the fact that elements of organization competence are changed in each period of company strategic management development. Understanding of what is basic for strategy creation in company management is very important. In particular, what organizational knowledge and abilities are basic for competence forming and what are unique for project implementation. Now an important part in control policy is assigned to corporate models of competence. In some companies profiles of competences are used as application-oriented instruments of specific HR functions (for example, for performance appraisal or formation of an administrative reserve); in others - registered competence systems are key systems in staff operation. Use of competences in personnel assessment is widely used. Project management is getting more and more popular. Increasing number of companies implement project activities for different tasks. A key to project success to a large extent is competent use of appropriate tools and methods, knowledge, processes and skills. Relevance of research is caused by the fact that project management is management of a team, resources of the project with the help of special methods for goal achievement with efficiency set at set restrictions on time, means and quality of end results. Research objective is analysis of theoretical provisions of formation, management and development of key competences in design management of organization. Theoretical and empirical methods are used: literature review, logical and system analysis, comparative analysis of approaches to formation, management and development of key competences in design management of organization. As a result of this research it is stated that formation, management and development of key competences in design management of organization allow providing effective project introduction and implementation.

Сравнительный анализ подходов к количественной оценке кредитоспособности заемщика

Сравнительный анализ подходов к количественной оценке кредитоспособности заемщика

Comparative Analysis of Approaches toward the South China Sea: The Philippines and Vietnam

Comparative Analysis of Approaches toward the South China Sea: The Philippines and Vietnam

Dynamic Approach to Strategic Analysis of the Innovative Environment of the Regional Socio-Economic System

Background/Objectives: Decision scientific and methodological support promising selection of innovative development of the region through a dynamic strategic analysis of its innovation environment. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Analysis of the content; peer reviews; a comparative analysis of approaches to strategic analysis of regional socio-economic system; dialectical method of predetermining the study of the innovation environment in constant development, and the relationship of its components. Findings: The main result of the study is the conclusion that the most important issue to inform management decisions for the development of geographically due to lack of innovation processes in favor holistic methodological framework of the strategic analysis of the innovation environment in the region, different variety and rapid dynamics of internal and external communications. In this article the enlarged model of strategic analysis of the innovation environment in the region, integrating the idea of resource, market, evolutionary approach to the strategic development of the socio-economic system and uses a dynamic modification of analytical tools, taking into account the requirements of adaptation to global innovation processes. Its practical use has allowed to identify the structure-innovation environment of the North Caucasus Federal District. Application/Improvements: Regional management, strategic management and planning of innovative development of the region.

A Comparative Analysis of Approaches to Heat Transfer Description in a Disperse Inclusions Composite

A Comparative Analysis of Approaches to Heat Transfer Description in a Disperse Inclusions Composite

METHODS OF CALCULATION OF FOREIGN STUDENTS: THE EFFECT ON THE RUSSIAN UNIVERSITY INTERNATIONALIZATION

The article is devoted to search of the solution of urgent problems of recruiting of foreign students in the Russian higher education institutions. Nowadays, in Russia the term «foreign students» is used, whereas the most part of world educational community uses the concept «international students». Distinction of concepts is connected with different methods of accounting of this category of students. Effective accounting, in turn, influences the quality of further interaction with international target audience, gives the chance of competent forming of a profile of the student and the choice of effective instruments of recruiting. Methods. The methods of comparative analysis of approaches to content of the concepts «foreign students» and «international students» are used. Results. The results of researches of the foreign and Russian authors concerning internationalization of universities and involvement of students from abroad are analysed. The concepts «foreign students» and «international students» are structured and divided. The proposals on the need of a right choice of determination for further successful recruiting according to the purposes of internationalization of higher education institutions are developed. The results of the present research have showed that further processes of involvement of students from abroad in the Russian higher educational institutions depend on the choice of a method of accounting and the corresponding terminology, arrangement of emphases on formal or substantial criteria, i. e. on indicators of internationalization or the purposes of internationalization.Scientific novelty. It is convincingly proved that new approaches to recruiting of foreign students are required in the longer term for increase of a level of internationalization of higher education institution: transition from tactical line items to strategic tasks; forming of a profile of a potential student as international, but not as a foreign subject of education. Practical significance. The materials of the investigation will be useful to the staff of departments of internationalization, international departments, departments of recruiting and academic mobility.

Transition to hospital process orientation: The case of regional hospitals in Latvia

Management of processes instead of functions has growing importance into the health care. Transition to hospital process orientation (HPO) changes the way physicians and other health professionals have used to practice before. Study was performed to explore factors affecting introduction of HPO in Latvian hospitals responding to significant external pressures during the years of economic crisis to detect the best practices used for process management implementation in clinical setting. To reach the research goal dissimilarities between current performance and management of hospitals were explored. As changes in hospital reimbursement system demand improved efficiency, hospital’s performance was measured by decrease in avoidable hospitalisations, and increase in usage of more cost effective alternatives to a full hospitalisation. A regression analysis was performed to evaluate correlations of hospitalisation rates in Latvian hospitals to various outpatient health services utilisation indicators. This was done to exclude influence of external factors on hospital performance and to prove the positive impact of HPO initiatives on hospitalisation rate. Afterward the performance of all regional hospitals was compared and the two most distinct hospitals were selected for further in depth analysis. Operational data of the selected hospitals and a set of structured interviews outlined the differences between both hospital’s managerial practices and factors affecting the introduction of process oriented initiatives. The theoretical research together with comparative analysis of approaches used in both hospitals served as a basis for elaboration of recommendations towards development of HPO and facilitation of the development of self-management competence of health professionals.

Comparative study of approaches to assessment of informal roles in a working (student) group

Abstract: In the courseof the process of education a special organizational context is formed in every student group. Organizational culture that depends on various internal and external factors is used for the purposes of assess -ment of this context. One of the internal factors affecting the pattern of reinforced organizational values is the informal relationship between the students. Division of informal roles in a working (student) group influences formation of the organizational cultural profile of the group. Keywords: organizational culture, organizational culture profile, informal roles, student group, higher profes-sional education. Effectiveness of the educational process depends on sev-eral objective factors. One of such factors is organizational culture which that allows to influence for the process of de-velopment of professional competencies of students. It brings together organizational values and determines effectiveness of both group and individual performance.Notwithstanding the innovative nature of studies related to organizational culture of a student group, researches do not pay considerable attention to this field. Such situation is caused by the necessity to conduct a research on organiza-tional culture management within a student group. In the course of a research being carried out in this field by the department of Economics and management (Moscow State University of Design and Technology) an indicator (in the form of detached area) used in assessment of deviation of a personal organizational culture profile from the profile of a group was proposed. An inverse relationship between this indicator and academic performance of students was also identified. A decrease in the size of the detached area through change in composition of a group contributes to in-crease in effectiveness of the educational process.In the abovementioned research OCAI framework model developed by K.Cameron and R. Quinn was used [6]. This model is based on description of organizational culture with regard to its key dimensions which form the personal profile of the current and desired organizational culture.OCAI instrument is a universal tool easy to under-stand and to use, which allows to identify the system of organizational values. However, universality of this instru-ment resulted in weakness of the correlation between de-tached area and academic performance indices of the stu-dents (regression coefficient — R2 = 0.0465) [1]. OCAI model suggests considering the contribution of each par-ticipant of the group to be equal when proceeding from description of personal profiles of organizational culture to the group profile. It can be assumed that such approach is simplified and that the profile of a group may be compiled regarding the value of each participant of a working (stu-dent) group. The informal relationships between the group members are also an important factor affecting the nature of manifested organizational values.Resuming the research, it is proposed to improve OCAI model via taking into account the peculiarities of division of informal roles in a student group. An increase in index of regression coefficient between the adjusted detached area and objective indicators qualifying academic performance of students may serve as a proof of validity of the proposed assumptions.An amended OCAI instrument may serve as a basis for a pattern of student group formation that will increase the level of quality and effectiveness of core process of education as a result of creation of favourable learning environment.At the first stage of the research a comparative analysis of approaches (theories) to assessment of informal roles in a working (student) group. The results are provided on Table 1.

The Development Of A Monitoring System Of Higher Education Quality In Ukraine And Germany: Comparative Component

AbstractThe article reveals specific features of functioning systems of higher education quality monitoring at the present stage, taking into account national traditions, historical experience and mentality of the population. The article introduces a comparative analysis of monitoring actors at national, regional and local levels in two countries. The ratio of influence of the state administration in education sphere and of the independent public organizations (agencies) on the nature and quality of monitoring procedures has been estimated. The positions polarity of Ukrainian and German universities in world rankings (“Top 50” The Times Higher Education World University Rankings (2010-2011/2014-2015); “Top 500” Academic Ranking of World Universities for 2010-2015) in form of statistical generalizations have been presented. A comparative analysis of approaches to assuring and monitoring the quality of higher education in Germany and Ukraine has been shown in the table. It demonstrates the conceptual and functional components of monitoring: the monitoring purpose, monitoring objects, levels and actors, public initiative, the priority of monitoring levels, the dominant principles, the general orientation and procedure for monitoring the higher education quality. The use of prospects of elements in progressive international experience as for organising the monitoring system of higher education quality to reform the national high school have been determined here. That could be especially important taking into consideration the creating of the European Higher Education Area.

Evidentiary Rules in International Arbitration – A Comparative Analysis of Approaches and the Need for Regulation

The article discusses the procedure of taking evidence in international commercial arbitration from the perspective of balancing different legal cultures and values. It analyses the results of the existing evidentiary rules and attempts to harmonise the procedure, and their sufficiency in terms of securing the interests, expectations and rights of the parties involved in the international arbitration. The actual outcome must be estimated taking into consideration the balancing of the relationships and the differences between legal cultures, fairness and flexibility. In the first instance the author analyses each of the legal systems, civil law and common law, in order to compare the differences and similarities in terms of the procedure, especially in relation to evidentiary issues. A further step involves the analysis of the need for harmonised rules of procedure and in particular evidentiary rules in international arbitration and the factors in the determination and application of the rules, with a focus on the role of the tribunal’s discretion, the parties’ autonomy, as well as the impact of cultural background. Furthermore, the International Bar Association (IBA) Rules on Taking of Evidence in International Arbitration are analysed in terms of their completeness in such areas as admissibility and assessment of evidence, which permits the comprehension of the strengths and weaknesses of the IBA Rules and the need for the introduction of further rules. Finally, conclusions follow as to the proper way of balancing the competing values and approaches and the need for the application of new solutions in terms of taking of evidence in order to achieve the desired outcome in arbitral proceedings.

Сравнительный анализ подходов к определению размера налога на недвижимость на базе кадастровой и рыночной стоимостей объектов недвижимости

Сравнительный анализ подходов к определению размера налога на недвижимость на базе кадастровой и рыночной стоимостей объектов недвижимости