Company Logo Research Articles

Doing good while playing: The impact of prosocial advergames on consumer response

This research explored how a new platform of advergames functions to communicate prosocial initiatives. A 2 (Advergame narratives: with vs. without a prosocial narrative) × 2 (Company placement in games: prominent vs. subtle) between-subject factorial design was employed in an online experiment. A mobile advergame with four conditions was specifically developed as study stimuli. A total of 131 undergraduate student subjects were asked to play an advergame in one of the four conditions and subsequently redirected to an online survey that measured advergame effectiveness (attitudes toward the game, word-of-mouth intention toward the game, and company evaluation). Findings showed that those who played an advergame with a prosocial narrative responded more favorably toward both the game and the company embedded in the game than those who played an advergame without a prosocial narrative. Further, findings revealed that this relationship was mediated by the level of game engagement. In addition, this study found an interaction effect of advergame narratives and company placement on consumer response. In the advergame with a prosocial narrative, participants exposed to a prominently placed company logo evaluated the company more favorably than those exposed to a subtly placed logo did. By comparison, in the advergame without a prosocial narrative, evaluation of the company was more positive in a subtly placed condition than in a prominently placed condition. Implications and suggestions for future research were discussed.

Xamissa by Henk Rossouw

Reviewed by: Xamissa by Henk Rossouw Christian Bancroft (bio) Henk Rossouw. Xamissa. Fordham University Press. Henk Rossouw's debut poetry collection, Xamissa, published by Fordham University Press in 2018 as a part of their Poets Out Loud Series, represents a letter of complicated intimacy and affection to Rossouw's birth city, Cape Town, South Africa. The title of the book stems from the word "Camissa," which Dutch colonists believed was the Khoe term for "place of sweet waters." The Dutch arrived in Cape Town in 1652 on behalf of the Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC), or the Dutch East India Company, which was founded because of a government-directed merger of six small Dutch companies (voorcompagnieën). Rossouw stylizes the VOC as , the company's logo, which functions as a haunting visual vestige of colonialism throughout the book. "Camissa," however, was a "linguistic error." Rossouw informs us in the introduction that "Colonists likely mistook the Khoe words for water, freshwater, to mean an actual place." Rossouw reassures us that Cape Town's "legendary springs and streams exist," and has himself waded and swam in them. The X in "Xamissa," according to Rossouw, "stands for … the intersecting languages of Cape Town past and present," and originates from the double album Dream State by jazz composer Kyle Shepherd, on which one of the tracks is named "Xamissa." Following the "Proloog," which details the above information, Rossouw includes a copy of his South African birth certificate. Before the collection begins, we are witnesses to Rossouw's most bureaucratic form of identification, one that exposes his date of birth, gender, and race. It's a vulnerable gesture and might, under other circumstances, be read as sentimental, but Rossouw makes clear that his origins are intertwined in the socio-political histories of Cape Town. Xamissa is divided into six more sections after the "Proloog," and this structure Rossouw has established befits the book. The beginning of the book introduces us to the author in the most exposed fashion and with each subsequent section, the poems become increasingly more entwined in archival research, concluding with the book's most profound statement on Cape Town's history and its future, "Helena | Lena |." This isn't to say that Xamissa becomes less personal as the book continues; on the contrary, even in the final section, Rossouw [End Page 178] threads his own subjectivity into the narrative in such a way that he interrogates Cape Town's colonial past, its democratic present, and its future in conjunction with what it means to be an Afrikaner born in 1977, just before the election of Pieter Willem "P.W." Botha—an opponent of black majority rule and international communism—as Prime Minister. As a result of these socio-political dimensions in Xamissa, the book doesn't serve so much as a counterpoint to the personal dimensions of Rossouw's life as they serve as a complement to these aspects of the book. For example, in the section "The Dream of the Road," Rossouw presents us with an intimate scene involving his father riding a "1300 c.c. six-cylinder" Kawasaki bike that Rossouw washed on Sundays and on which he rode pillion. Rossouw's father was a part of the "Kingdom Riders," a motorcycle gang rooted in the Christian faith. Rossouw and his father rode with Oom, or Uncle, Ibby, a "Coloured" who was forced to live segregated in a separate, residential development because of the Group Areas Act. Ibby's girlfriend, Jesse, from the rival motorcycle club Black Widows, would "dialect / [Henk's] father's name," turning "Eugene into Denie," which "sounds like genie," and Rossouw supplements this memory by asserting "In Afrikaans, anything / can happen." The moment is at once tender, nostalgic, and haunting, not in the least because we find out earlier in the poem that "Jesse died young" from a motorcycle accident. At the end of the poem, Rossouw describes a recurring scene from his childhood when he wrestled his father at home on the carpet. If he won, Rossouw would be hoisted up, reminding the poet of Jesse "in heaven, an upended bucket with a palace on top / ablaze like Caltex the refinery, my night light." "Doppler...

Consistent colour appearance - A novel measurement approach

If an image, for example a company logo, is shown on different devices the degree of colour consistency amongst this set of stimuli can be defined as common or consistent colour appearance (CCA). In this work, a procedure which is able to evaluate CCA is developed for the first time. A psychophysical experiment is presented with which the existence of CCA is proofed. For the evaluation of CCA, the colour naming approach from [5] is consistently continued and a measuring tool is developed. In addition, the correctness of the measuring tool is tested on the basis of the experiment. This work is based on two psychophysical experiments, the first to proof CCA, the second to create the colour naming database. This setup is very general and can therefore also be applied to other cultures in order to develop a measuring tool for CCA.

Perceptual representation of spam and phishing emails

SummaryUnderstanding how computer users allocate attention to features of potentially dangerous emails could help mitigate costly errors. Which features are salient? How stable is attention allocation across variation in email features? We attempted to measure the mental salience of several email features common in spam and/or phishing emails. We created two email sets: one in which messages contained company logos and urgent actionable links and one without these features. Participants rated pairwise similarity of emails within each set. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis was conducted to quantify psychological similarity between emails. A separate group rated the same emails for presence of five other features: important downloadable content, collecting personal information, account deletion or suspension, advertisement, and large images with clickable content. Regressing feature ratings onto the MDS coordinates revealed that similarity judgments were influenced mostly by advertisement/large images and collecting personal information, regardless of presence or absence of company logos and urgent actionable links.

Menus For Movieland: Newspapers and the Emergence of American Film Culture 1913-1916 by Richard Abel (review)

Reviewed by: Menus For Movieland: Newspapers and the Emergence of American Film Culture 1913-1916 by Richard Abel Chris Yogerst Richard Abel, Menus For Movieland: Newspapers and the Emergence of American Film Culture 1913-1916. University of California Press, 2015. Paperback. $34.95. 424 pages. Richard Abel is arguably the foremost expert on film culture during the early 1900s. Abel has previously explored the topic in works such as Red Rooster Scare: Making Cinema American, 1900-1910 and Americanizing the Movies and "Movie-Mad" Audiences 1910-1914. During these years, movies were very much an experimental medium that hinged on trial and error. While movies were finding their footing, audiences were also helping formulate what it meant to be a filmgoer. In Menus for Movieland, Abel looks specifically at how newspapers played a role in creating what we now call film culture in America. During this time, newspapers worked quite literally as "menus" for daily life. Newspapers helped readers make many decisions ranging from what restaurant to try, which stores to patronize, what political party to favor, and what movies to watch. In other words, newspapers helped readers translate the world around them. Abel looks at the years 1913-1916 through two primary lenses: first, the newspapers that were working as cultural gatekeepers and, second, the women who wrote and edited much of their content. Abel sources examples from many newspapers throughout the United States that go well beyond the major city presses to those in numerous small towns around the country. The scope of this study's research helps provide a more complete version of national film culture that isn't focused on a few major cultural hubs like New York City and Los Angeles. This era saw a rise in newspaper advertising for movies, which certainly increased awareness of this blossoming medium. In addition, these ads paved the way for artistic ways to showcase a new film. As movie culture grew during this period so did the familiarity with key "players" that would soon become what we now call movie stars. Another national personality that was born during this era was the film critic. Abel notes that many of these figures were female, such as Mae Tinee (the pen name for critics at the New York Times) along with others like Kitty Kelly, Dorothy Day, and Louella Parsons. These critics collectively created a national following for weekly film commentary–a tradition that continues to this day. Movie studios like Universal, then run by founder Carl Laemmle, began to push not only films but company logos as a way to make the newly minted production facilities widely-known. Universal began selling itself in 1914 as a state-of-the-art production facility in Southern California. It wasn't long before companies like Famous Players (eventually to become Paramount) followed Laemmle's lead and began branding their films to sell the product and the company. Abel also notes how the rise of movies greatly increased the dependence of their audience on newspapers. Therefore, as movies grew in popularity, the desire to follow movie news in the papers increased as well. This created a symbiotic relationship that would help both mediums flourish across the entire country, especially in the Midwest (where Laemmle himself spent a lot of time before creating Universal). Abel's research is exhaustive and extensively notated, and as there is no question that the author is an authority on turn of the century film culture, this a useful read for anyone looking to fully understand an essential moment in early film history. [End Page 90] Chris Yogerst University of Wisconsin–Washington County Copyright © 2019 Center for the Study of Film and History

Case study - AMAZON

Amazon is the first large company that sells goods and services over the internet it was founded by jeff bezos in 1994. Amazon started out as an online book store then it grows quickly to add new items such as DVD’s, video games, electronics, clothing and more to the extent that the company logo symbolizes means that they sell all products from A to Z. Amazon.com try their best to get customer loyalty and trust. They offer state shipping service and they have many retail stores in different countries. It also purchases customer data and information to achieve customer needs and wants. Amazon is one of the first in the world to sell online and has many competitors like: ebay, rakuten and flipkart. Therefore, amazon has own over 40 subsidiaries includes: zappos, shopbop, IMDb, Amazon Prime, appstore, and amazon drive.

تشكيل الهوية التنظيمية في شركات قطاع الاتصالات المصرية: دراسة ميدانية

This study attempts to identify and explore the process of organizational identity formation inside the Egyptian telecommunication sector using a field survey and a questionnaire answered by 200 employees at varying administrative levels. By identifying and exploring the process, phases, and characteristics of organizational identity formation, this study identifies the most important contributing factors, such as the visual production and dissemination of branding and stationery. In turn, this study’s findings are used to determine the role of communication culture in forming organizational identity in its primary phases. The study finds that respondents perceptions of the components of identity differed within Egyptian communication companies. Integrated in the job application process is an identity screening and compatibility analysis, where a potential employee or candidate’s social upbringing, social normalization, and culture are huge determining factors in their application’s success and alignment with the company cultural identity and evolution. There are several spotlighted indexes that measure and explain the organizational identity in Egyptian communication companies including company slogan and logo that are periodically reviewed; the company trademark, using technology to get tasks done within the company; the company’s corporate social responsibility activities, and providing a top-quality service.

Cognitive processing of corporate social responsibility campaign messages: the effects of emotional visuals on memory

ABSTRACTThis study explored the effects of visual strategies on consumers’ memory of corporate social responsibility (CSR) campaign messages. Using the limited capacity model of motivated mediated message processing (LC4MP), we examined how emotional CSR messages are cognitively processed—specifically, how emotional visuals in CSR messages affect two subprocesses of information processing: encoding and storage. We conducted a 2 (valence: positive vs. negative) × 2 (arousal: moderately arousing vs. highly arousing) within-subjects experiment across four different CSR issues. The results showed that recognition accuracy and sensitivity (d′) of company logos were best for moderately arousing negative images, whereas for recognition accuracy and sensitivity (d′) of company names, there were no significant differences across the emotional conditions. For cued recall of companies associated with CSR issues, the pattern was different—highly arousing negative images with aversive cues were the most effective. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.

An Intelligent Model for Online Recruitment Fraud Detection

This study research attempts to prohibit privacy and loss of money for individuals and organization by creating a reliable model which can detect the fraud exposure in the online recruitment environments. This research presents a major contribution represented in a reliable detection model using ensemble approach based on Random forest classifier to detect Online Recruitment Fraud (ORF). The detection of Online Recruitment Fraud is characterized by other types of electronic fraud detection by its modern and the scarcity of studies on this concept. The researcher proposed the detection model to achieve the objectives of this study. For feature selection, support vector machine method is used and for classification and detection, ensemble classifier using Random Forest is employed. A freely available dataset called Employment Scam Aegean Dataset (EMSCAD) is used to apply the model. Pre-processing step had been applied before the selection and classification adoptions. The results showed an obtained accuracy of 97.41%. Further, the findings presented the main features and important factors in detection purpose include having a company profile feature, having a company logo feature and an industry feature.

Kythe Flying: A Strategy for Donor Retention

Amount raised: $21,765.00 (2016 to 2018/$1:Php51.00). Background and context: Kythe Foundation Inc. is an NGO which supports the Child Life Program for children with cancer in eight partner-hospitals. Aside from acquiring grants, the foundation needs to raise unrestricted funds to support operation costs. It is a challenge to recruit donors, but what is more challenging, is how to retain these donors. Aim: Kythe Flying was conceptualized in 2016 to retain corporations who have engaged Kythe in previous years. The corporations who participate in Kythe Flying have either donated cash, or conducted corporate social responsibility activities in and out of the hospital. Strategy/Tactics: The strategy is to invite corporations to buy a big corporate kite for $295.00. Prior to flying the kites, they are given an opportunity to play outdoor games with the children, which serves as a team-building activity for the corporation as well. Program process: The Kythe team gets a list of corporations from its database. Marketing letters are sent, and upon receiving $295.00 with their company logo, the Kythe team forward the logo to the kite manufacturer. Other corporations are invited to give away their products (e.g., water bottles). On the day itself, 60 children from partner-hospitals go to Amoranto stadium, and are given lunch and snacks. After which, they are assigned to each corporation. Kythe core volunteers facilitate the games. After an hour of outdoor activity, each corporation is called, and given the go signal to fly their corporate kites, together with the children. Photos of each corporation´s activities are then posted on Kythe's social media platforms. Costs and returns: There are at least 20 corporations who join the event per year. An average cash amount of $6274 is raised annually, less $2940.00 to cover logistical costs, for a total of $3334. In-kind donations like water bottles, ice cream, toys, etc. amount to $3921. We are therefore able to raise an average of $7255 a year. What was learned: In 2016, we implemented the project in July. There was a typhoon and we almost cancelled the event. We have moved up the event to the first quarter of the year ever since. Here are some feedback from our participating donors in the 2018 Kythe Flying event: “Our synchrony volunteers who joined last Saturday are still raving about the wonderful time they had with the kids at the kite-flying event”- Christine Briones Plata, AVP Synchrony Financial. “I look forward to seeing you and the team next year, but hopefully before, for a hospital visit”- Ian Wilson Country Manager, Cormant Technology. To enjoin more corporations, Kythe in the future, will collaborate with hot air balloon festival organizers. This will entail at least one year planning due to its scale. This is challenging but quite exciting!

Pattern protection in the fashion industry: an overview of Italian and European case law

... Patterns are, basically, ‘a set of elements which are repeated regularly’.1 Over the past few years, graphical representations made from repeated lines, shapes, or colours have been increasingly placed on garment’s surfaces as a powerful tool for communicating brands’ personality: clients remember products by their aesthetic elements and an interesting pattern will make it stand out from competitors. A brand pattern can be versatile: it can be added anywhere and everywhere, from products to advertising public spaces and business cards, and can be also formed using the company logo. If patterns became a competing weapon, capable of giving the brand an extra bit of distinction, it is a logic consequence for companies to attempt invoking IP rights to protect them from pirating and misappropriation by competitors. For the purpose above, patterns can be subject to registration as a two-dimensional (2D) figurative mark or as a three-dimensional (3D) shape trade mark. The notion of ‘pattern trade mark’ has been integrated into the European Union (EU) trade mark system following the entry into force of Implementing Regulation 2017/1431. The regulation only establishes how the mark should be represented as part of the registration procedure,2 while it does not contain any indication to the effect of the assessment of its distinctive character. In this regard, difficulties arise from the fact that patterns typically fulfil a decorative function which is in principle incompatible with the traditional view that trade marks’ ‘essential function’ is that of source indicator.3

Holographic watermarks and steganographic markings for combating the counterfeiting practices of high-value metal products

This paper describes recent advances in laser direct writing of tamper-proof holographic structures on metal surfaces for preventing counterfeiting of high-value metal products, e.g. luxury watches, medical tools and implants, collectible coins, etc. Each of these holographic structures consists of an array of optically-smooth craters arranged in such a way to generate diffractive images comprising, e.g. a company logo and/or a string of alphanumeric characters, providing a unique method for the traceability of genuine products. The craters are less than 10 μm across and less than 500 nm deep. They are generated on metals by UV nanosecond laser pulses (355 nm wavelength and 35 ns pulse duration) that lead to localized melting and evaporation of the material. This paper demonstrates various methods for combining the holographic structures with standard marking patterns, such as QR codes and Data Matrices, in order to form aesthetic holographic markings concealing secret messages about the products. By merging a few holographic patterns together it is also possible to generate so called “holographic watermarks”. Finally, this article describes a few approaches for making the holographic structures particularly difficult to replicate and counterfeit. This includes the generation of multi-level holograms as well as the formation of optically-smooth protrusions (bumps) in selected places within the holographic structures in order to create hidden identifiers and/or miniature signatures which cannot be detected by the naked eye.

ANALISIS PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK DAN PELAYANAN TERDAHAP KEPUASAN KONSUMEN MENGGUNAKAN METODE IMPORTANCE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS DI TWISSTERDOG DENPASAR

This study aims to determine the attributes that are considered important by consumers to achieve customer satisfaction, determine the level of performance in Twissterdog, know the level of satisfaction or level of consumer suitability of products and services in Twissterdog, and determine the attributes that need to get priority from the company to achievement of customer satisfaction. This research was conducted in Twissterdog with the sample used was 97 respondents by using purposive and accidental sampling method. Data obtained from the questionnaire distribution were analyzed by Importance Performance Analysis method. The result of research shows that attribute with highest level of customer satisfaction on product quality is clarity of name and logo of company with satisfaction level 222%, attribute with lowest satisfaction level is price match with consumer interest, food presentation and price match with product quality with satisfaction level equal to 80.84%. Attributes with the highest level of customer satisfaction on the quality of service is the hospitality of the waiter and the courtesy of the waiter with a satisfaction level of 218%. Attribute with the lowest level of customer satisfaction on the quality of service is the convenience of café with a satisfaction level of 43%. Attributes that should be prioritized on product quality are price conformity with consumer interest, food presentation and price conformity with product quality. The attributes that must be prioritized on the quality of service is the ease of reaching the location, the cleanliness of the cafe, the availability of parking facilities and the convenience of the cafe.
 Keywords : Customer satisfaction, Importance Performance Analysis, Twissterdog.

Wilo UK extends sponsorship deal with Burton Albion Football Club

Wilo UK is continuing to sponsor its local football club Burton Albion this season with the pump company's logo appearing on the back of the Brewers’ home and away shirts.

How do health consumer organisations in Australia manage pharmaceutical industry sponsorship? A cross-sectional study.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate how health consumer organisations manage their relationships with the pharmaceutical industry in Australia. Methods We identified 230 health consumer organisations that received pharmaceutical industry support from 2013 to 2016 according to reports published by Medicines Australia, the industry trade association. A random sample of 133 organisations was selected and their websites assessed for financial transparency, policies governing corporate sponsorship and evidence of potential industry influence. Results In all, 130 of the 133 organisations evaluated received industry funding. Of these 130, 68 (52.3%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 43.4-61.1%) disclosed this funding. Nearly all (67; 98.5%) reported the identity of their industry donors, followed by uses (52.9%), amount (13.2%) and proportion of income from industry (4.4%). Less than one-fifth (24/133; 18.0%; 95% CI 11.9-25.6%) had publicly available policies on corporate sponsorship. Six organisations (7.2%; 95% CI 2.7-15.1%) had board members that were currently or previously employed by pharmaceutical companies, and 49 (36.8%; 95% CI 28.6-45.6%) had company logos, web links or advertisements on their websites. Conclusion Industry-funded health consumer organisations in Australia have low transparency when reporting industry funding and few have policies governing corporate sponsorship. Relationships between health consumer organisations and the industry require effective actions to minimise the risks of undue influence. What is known about this topic? Pharmaceutical industry funding of health consumer organisations is common in the US and Europe, yet only a minority of such organisations publicly disclose this funding and have policies regulating their relationships with industry. What does this paper add? Industry-funded health consumer organisations in Australia have inadequate financial transparency and rarely have policies addressing corporate funding. Organisations that have received more industry funding are more likely to report it publicly. What are the implications for practitioners? Robust policies addressing corporate sponsorship and increased transparency are needed to maintain the independence of health consumer organisations. Governments may also consider regulating non-profit organisations to ensure public reporting of funding sources.

No one is an island.

My supervisor waved goodbye and boarded a plane. I had just started my Ph.D. studying invasive species on a remote oceanic island, where I would be spending most of the next 3 years bashing through rainforest to count invertebrates. My supervisor had done his own Ph.D. here on Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean 2 decades earlier. He had found me a place to stay and introduced me to the handful of other ecologists who were managing the national park or conducting their own research, but I wasn't working directly with them. Everyone else attached to my project was more than 5000 kilometers away—and so were my friends, family, and entire support network. I told myself I could manage on my own. ![Figure][1] ILLUSTRATION: ROBERT NEUBECKER Despite my enthusiasm about my research, it wasn't long before I began to feel lonely. At times, I struggled to find the motivation to get out into the field. I was suffering from a sense of isolation that is not uncommon for Ph.D. students, which in my case was amplified by literal isolation. I hesitated to reach out to the locals—a small community that developed after the island was first settled at the end of the 19th century. I was worried that socializing would distract from my work, and I was nervous that the locals might not welcome an “outsider.” But I eventually realized that the only way I would get through my remote Ph.D. was to reach out and create a new support network. My first move was to visit the epicenter of any small remote community: the local pub. One afternoon, after a long day in the field, I finally dropped in for a beer. Almost immediately, someone asked how long I had been working at the power station. I was confused, but then I realized I was wearing a work shirt bearing the company logo, which I had gotten at the secondhand shop. We both had a laugh after I explained who I was and what I was doing. This shirt confusion turned out to be a great conversation starter: I ended up having that same introductory chat with a bunch of people over the next few weeks. Soon, each visit to the pub involved catching up with friends and talking about different aspects of my research, which helped keep me motivated about my work. Connecting with the community helped with more than just my emotional well-being. When I asked a new friend to help me assemble some fences I needed for my experiments, for example, he said he was more than happy to—but not if he needed to do it the way I had planned. My friend, who was a builder, suggested a bunch of practical improvements to the design, and together we were able to get the fences up with much less trouble. I don't think I would have been able to get the experiment done without him. My final step in becoming a full member of the Christmas Island community was to give something back. Quite a few people on the island played music, and afternoon acoustic guitar shows were not uncommon, but rock 'n' roll gigs at the pub were unacceptably rare. So along with some friends, I sniffed out equipment scattered around the island; helped organize musicians into bands; and headlined the show with a raucous set of White Stripes songs, complete with my own blues guitar stylings (although attendees were far more impressed by the drummer's skills). It felt like everyone on the island attended the show, and some were still talking about it years later. Since finishing my Ph.D., I have moved twice for research positions, and each time I have found myself in new communities. The surroundings haven't been as extreme, but again, in the beginning, I was tempted to ignore any feelings of isolation and focus solely on work. But I knew better. I remembered how reaching out to the welcoming and supportive local community during my Ph.D. not only helped me get through the isolation, but also improved the quality of my work. And whenever I felt like a stranger, I made a point of visiting the pub. [1]: pending:yes

The Problem of Printing Logos with Special Colors using Digital Printing Method to Assure Identity

This paper is about the special color mismatching as an effect of digital printing as well as the type of paper used for printing. We examined different types of papers and the most widely spread types of digital printing to get a wide vision about this problem, color measurements are carried out to identify the problem in numbers, giving recommendations for the best use of special color in company logos. Most company logos use special colors (basically Pantone) to give their own identity, these logos are subjected to print on different types of papers and different methods of printing, which means that logo colors might be changed and this badly affects the company identity. Problem: When printing value colors special colors such as company logos, it is subject to change between conventional and digital printing, this would affect the identity of the logo's company when the company logo is printed using a different method of printing and paper types, this problem has to be outlined so that designers could give the right color choice when creating logos. Objective: This paper is to outline the problem of special colors mismatching comparing the amount of color shift according to the special colors and the paper type, then a final result is carried out to give a table of most affected colors among a collection of 19 spot colors.

Prior knowledge of category size impacts visual search

Prior research has shown that category search can be similar to one-item search (as measured by the N2pc ERP marker of attentional selection) for highly familiar, smaller categories (e.g., letters and numbers) because the finite set of items in a category can be grouped into one unit to guide search. Other studies have shown that larger, more broadly defined categories (e.g., healthy food) also can elicit N2pc components during category search, but the amplitude of these components is typically attenuated. Two experiments investigated whether the perceived size of a familiar category impacts category and exemplar search. We presented participants with 16 familiar company logos: 8 from a smaller category (social media companies) and 8 from a larger category (entertainment/recreation manufacturing companies). The ERP results from Experiment 1 revealed that, in a two-item search array, search was more efficient for the smaller category of logos compared to the larger category. In a four-item search array (Experiment 2), where two of the four items were placeholders, search was largely similar between the category types, but there was more attentional capture by nontarget members from the same category as the target for smaller rather than larger categories. These results support a growing literature on how prior knowledge of categories affects attentional selection and capture during visual search. We discuss the implications of these findings in relation to assessing cognitive abilities across the lifespan, given that prior knowledge typically increases with age.

DISAIN VISUAL DALAM PEMASARAN OTOMOTIF Studi Komunikasi Bisnis

AbstractThis study aims to reveal, explain and analyze the visual design in automotive marketing and the desired image of the visual design. In addition, this study also describes and analyzes the layout, typography, and color visual design that illustrates excellence cars sold. The theory used in this research is the theory of imaging of the image Liliweri present (current image) is the image of an image to get a good impression gained from other people about the company or other matters relating to the products. This refers to the image to be conveyed to the public on the visual design has been designed by the company Mercedes Benz, Hyundai, and Mazda. This type of research is qualitative with the object of his research is the visual design of the company Mercedes Benz, Hyundai and Mazda. The informants in this study is Rahmadina Anggraini as Manager of Marketing PT. Mercedes Benz Indonesia, then Molly Munir as Manager of Marketing PT. Hyundai Mobil Indonesia and also Astrid Ariani Wijaya as Marketing Manager PT. Mazda Motor Indonesia. The results showed that in the manufacture of that product brochures displayed can give the image that we want to get positive results in the community. So we want to show the products in accordance with the character of the product, the product on the layout to be adjusted by the background color of the product with the product along with the tagline, headlines and company logo. However, it must include all the elements of aesthetics require that the products shown can be attractive for customers to buy its products.Keywords : Visual Design and Marketing Automotive

Effects of geometric distortions, Gaussian blur, and contrast negation on recognition of familiar faces

ABSTRACTIt is assumed that “configural processing” is important for recognizing people whom we know. Studies have shown better discrimination of relational changes between facial features when faces are presented upright than upside down and when presented as photographic negatives. However, studies have also demonstrated tolerance for complex changes to facial configuration of familiar faces when images are geometrically distorted. In two experiments, we explored effects of linear stretching, Gaussian blur, and contrast negation on recognition of familiar or unfamiliar faces (Experiment 1) and familiar or unfamiliar company brand logos (Experiment 2). Only contrast negation severely impaired recognition of familiar faces but not unfamiliar faces or company brand logos. Effects of contrast negation were additional to linear stretching, whereas linear stretching independently had no impact on recognition. These findings highlight an important deficit in the recognition of familiar faces caused by contrast negation.