Creation Of Companies Research Articles

Actitud y cultura emprendedora en los emprendedores universitarios del municipio Victoria de Durango

Objective of the study: Analyze the entrepreneurial attitude and culture in university entrepreneurs in the Victoria de Durango municipality, Mexico. Methodology/approach: The unit of analysis was 152 university entrepreneurs, they were studied using a mixed approach: quantitative through a questionnaire and through a statistical analysis with a structural and qualitative equation model through interviews. Main results: The main findings show that the entrepreneurial attitude and the entrepreneurial culture are significantly related, influencing the development of university entrepreneurship; where the most significant factors are "Opportunity" and "Innovation", which shows that they are entrepreneurs with initiative to identify opportunities in the market, but not only that, but the innovation component is added, which shows that they are professionals who seek to break with a traditional scheme and have a more proactive vision to offer products with greater added value that could ensure their permanence in the market. Theoretical/methodological contributions: This work is relevant because it allows us to know the motivations that graduates of public Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) have to create entrepreneurships and what are the main elements that influence the decision to undertake. Relevance/originality: The results offer information on the motivations, needs and obstacles faced by entrepreneurs and that could be used to outline selective public policies to encourage the growth of university entrepreneurship as a strategy to promote qualified employment. Social/management contributions: Studying the entrepreneurial attitude and culture of university entrepreneurs allows the creation of companies with high technological and technological content. innovation in products and processes.

A literature review of cashew apple processing

The cashew tree, a tree adapted to tropical areas was introduced in Africa by European explorers. Its cultivation in some African countries has been done to stop the advancing Sahara desert and to reduce soil erosion. The cashew fruit consists of a nut being the real fruit, and a fleshy apple which is considered the pseudo-fruit. The nut represents the major point of interest in cashew tree cultivation. Despite being a commodity of international trade, cashew apple suffers from low commercial interest. As a result, millions of tons of cashew apple rot in orchards without any form of processing every year. Gradually, its excellent properties are attracting the attention of the scientific world and industrialists with a view to enhancing its commercial and food value. This review reports different methodologies of transforming cashew apple. Some potential products include juice and potential cocktails. Juice clarified by tangential microfiltration was almost cleared of tannins, giving good clarity and a pleasant taste. A stabilized cocktail of cashew apple and pineapple juices using 10% ginger aqueous extract was judged good as it retained prime quality for 7 days at 4 - 5 °C, with significant improvement of vitamin C and protein content (p ≤ 0.05). Obtaining an amber dry wine of 12.6% alcohol with no significant difference (p < 0.05) from commercial grape wine was demonstrated using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a fermenting agent. Ethanol of 97.8% purity was also obtained by immobilized cells of S. cerevisiae on silica gel. Edible vinegar of 4% acidity with similar characteristics as commercial varieties was produced from the juice. Jam and a viscous syrup of 80 °Brix which was found to be rich in glucose and fructose was also produced. A generator powered by 6% cashew apple biofuel with the rest being gasoline revealed reduced fuel consumption compared to the use of gasoline alone, though engine behavior during its operation was a concern. Also, cashew apple flour has been used for the manufacture of composite biscuit formulated with or without wheat flour. Thus, cashew apple could become a source of additional incomes for peasants by being the origin of creation of companies through these various developed technologies. Key words: cashew apple, processing, juice, alcohol, vinegar, jam, syrup, flour, biofuel

The dilemma of Coca-Cola and its transformation

With the progress of society, people pay more and more attention to health. The sugar water that swept the world in the past: Coca-Cola's status is not as good as it used to be. In other words, carbonated drinks are not as popular as they used to be. Coca-Cola also faces competition from its peers, such as monster, Pepsi and Nestle and also new and creative companies. Based on the financial report data of Coca-Cola in recent years, the SWOT analysis method is used to study the current situation and the possibility of future development of Coca-Cola. The study found that Coca-Cola still has the possibility of transformation, the dilemma it faces still has solutions, that is, change the core from ‘happiness to health’ and change people’s stereotype that Coca-Cola company’s products are all sugar water. What’s more, utilize Coca-Cola’s strong financial strength to adopt some necessary strategies to defeat other competitors.

Analysis of the main forms and types of commercialization of R&D in developed countries

Object: Identification the main forms and types of commercialization of developments in developed countries in order to use them in the process of university technology transfer to the regional innovation system Methods: In the course of the study, methods of system analysis, comparative analysis, grouping method, content analysis, methodology of the Global Innovation Index rating were used. Findings: The article considers the main ways of commercialization in the developed countries of the world. It is shown that in many respects successful models of technology transfer have arisen as a result of the adoption at the state level of legislation that stimulates the process of commercialization. The systematization of approaches to the commercialization of the results of innovative scientific research in world practice has been carried out; practical recommendations have been given for managing this process. The article discusses the main schemes for the distribution of royalties from the implementation of intellectual property between an inventor and a scientific organization. The main forms of technology transfer used in developed countries are studied. Conclusions are drawn about the importance of the commercialization of innovations at various levels of the economy, the impact of state policy on the formation of a model for the commercialization of R&D (research and development) results, and the interaction of universities with the business sector. Conclusions: The article identifies the main problems hindering the development of commercialization in Kazakhstan. The importance of technology transfer from universities to industry as a necessary condition for the development of an innovative economy is substantiated. The main characteristics of universities that conduct active scientific research are revealed. The main forms of technology transfer used in developed countries are identified, which include patenting, licensing agreements, fulfillment of orders for R&D, creation of spin-off companies. The experience of organizational and legal support of commercialization in developed countries is systematized, which is of interest for the development of technology transfer in developing countries.

Problems of forming conditions for increasing innovation activities in Uzbekistan

As a dynamic economic element, innovation is a mechanism that involves continuous, developing, and mastering management. Hence creative companies need to assess their potential for innovation. Literature attests to work being carried out in the area of assessing innovation or analyzing innovation capabilities. This paper examines the current situation related to innovation potential worldwide and the challenges confronted by countries. It also examines the innovation system in Uzbekistan and strategies to improve the climate for the development of the innovation economy.

Institutionalized Academic Entrepreneurship And Academic Spin-Offs

The paper discusses the academic entrepreneurship and its public (institutions) and private (personal) forms. We argue that academic entrepreneurship should involve activities and organizational structures, which are not targeting profit. Then - about the unsuitability of Decree N 61 of May 2, 200 on the terms and conditions for the creation of commercial companies by public higher education institutions for the purposes of the economic realization.

Features of modern marketing for companies of a creative orientation

The article is devoted to the study of how modern marketing for creative companies differs from the marketing approaches of other businesses. The author notes the aspects and approaches that the manager should focus on, first of all, for the successful development of sales. Analytical work was carried out and personal effective methods were proposed from the experience of our own production company in the field of custom<made art.

Analysis of contingency factors and management control systems associated with sustainable management practices

Purpose: The objective of this study was to analyze how contingency factors and the use of management control systems are associated with sustainable management practices in organizations.
 Methodology: A field study (survey) was carried out through questionnaires and semi- structured interviews with managers linked to management control systems in two creative companies in the telecommunications sector. The sample has a non-probabilistic character and the data treated using the content analysis technique of Bardin (2011).
 Results: The findings shows that technology, organizational culture, suppliers and customers are contingency factors associated with sustainable management practices by the study organization. The research results indicate that the use of an interactive management control system is an essential tool. for the establishment of communication among managers and employees at operational levels of organizations, supporting the implementation of environmental management initiatives. Diagnostic control has been used to monitor goals and implement environmental management practices with a positive impact on organizational performance through indicators of cost reduction, profitability, customer satisfaction and increased sales.
 Contributions of the study: The study provided dissemination in the literature of studies on management controls from the perspective of the Contingency Theory, above all, contributing to organizations to create environmental awareness allied to the improvement of their performance with management control practices. In addition to it, the research is relevant for organizations to develop actions to reorganize their processes and meet society's pressures for sustainable practices, increasing competitiveness and improving organizational performance.

Knowledge production and innovation: the potential of local universities to create technology-based companies in the Brazilian State of Minas Gerais

This paper analyses the effects of the human capital (university researchers and graduate students) and the knowledge assets (academic publications, academic patent petitions and postgrad scholarship numbers) of the universities of Minas Gerais State, Brazil, on the creation of technology-based companies (TBCs) in its 12 mesoregions. Based on the InovaData-MG TBC census and open government data from the years 2000 to 2017, this study seeks to outline a knowledge production function for the Minas Gerais ecosystem and explore possible divergences in the innovation potential of its mesoregions. The negative binomial regression model was used to test hypotheses using variables from the state's mesoregions that quantify the human capital characteristics that generate research and its knowledge assets to assess their influence on the new TBC creation. The data analysis methodology has an explanatory and predictive character which made it possible to verify part of the proposed empirical model's validity. The results of this work confirm that human capital of universities and region maturity positively influences the average propensity to create new TBC.

Reasons for the creation of spin-off companies based on the experience of a medical university

Building an entrepreneurial university requires an efficient innovation ecosystem, in which technology transfer services at universities are of particular importance. In Polish conditions, the role of special purpose vehicles is growing, which are established to conduct indirect commercialization processes, which means the establishment of new business entities in order to implement the results of scientific research, called spin-offs. The author's research focused on a case study of a selected special purpose vehicle operating at a medical university and spin-offs established by it, as well as those entities that are at an advanced stage of establishment. The aim of the research was to determine the reasons for the involvement of scientists in the processes of indirect commercialization.

Инновации в России: от высокого знания и наличия перспективных научных заделов к эффективному социально-экономическому развитию

The author continues a series of works in which, based on a country-by-country analysis of rating data for 2021, he analyzes the present state of the socio-economic development in the Russian economy, as well as its prospects and vulnerabilities. Among the key reasons hindering the innovative development of the Russian economy are the lack of decent conditions for the creation and development of innovative companies, the systematic loss of opportunities to increase momentum in the field of high-tech knowledge-intensive technologies, an inefficient public administration system, the outflow of highly qualified specialists abroad, lack of funding for science and education, depreciation of fixed assets, underdevelopment of the logistics and transport infrastructure systems, accumulated social problems, etc. The author draws the attention to the fact that in order to achieve an accelerated innovative development of the Russian economy, is necessary to make a transition to medium-term and long-term strategic planning.

Pokazatelji franšizing poslovanja u svetu i Srbiji

The creation of franchise companies has a lasting and positive impact on the economies of the countries and local communities in which they operate. Countless jobs are created and supported by franchises, and those jobs help lower the unemployment rate. Franchises support the national GDP through billions of dollars in products and services, and job creation. The 2008-2010 recession, as well as the pandemic, had a negative impact on the US and global economy, although franchises fared better than most other retail chains and small businesses. The subject of research in the paper is the analysis of the basic characteristics and features of franchising, with the aim of drawing attention to the use of franchise in business on domestic and international markets, to point out the specifics of business and its ways of functioning, to point out the advantages, disadvantages, and wider significance of franchise business, on the existence of the attractiveness index of a country for franchise investments. Research results indicate that franchises are economically more stable, mainly due to their branding, consumer familiarity, and strong network base. It is estimated that franchises will operate better, more intensively and more diversely in the coming period.

Общие положения об авторском праве в системе права интеллектуальной собственности в России и за рубежом

The author examines the intellectual property system and gives general theoretical overview of copyright, its status in the Russian law and from an international perspective. Intellectual property is an important asset for industrial, medical, information and nanotechnology enterprises, and a key (or even major) asset for creative companies such as film studios, art galleries, theaters, and animation studios. If in the first case we refer more to industrial property, the second case touches upon copyright. In order to effectively use, protect and defend such asset as products of creativity, we need to thoroughly understand its mechanisms. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to compile and systematize knowledge in the field of intellectual property law, in particular, concerning the place of copyright in the intellectual property system. The author intends to make an overview on copyright, considering all its aspects: exclusive rights, moral and “other” rights. Methodology. While conducting the present research, the authors used bothgeneral scientific and private law methods, such as: the comparative legal method, the method of interpreting legal norms, the formal legal method, the method of comprehensive analysis of legislation and the method of structural analysis. Results. Based on the results of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that copyright and related rights tend to be an important institution of intellectual property law, along with industrial property law. Comparing the copyright in Russia with similar institutions of foreign countries, the author reveals the tendency of “realification” of intellectual property in Anglo-American law, which is fundamentally opposite to the meaning that the Romano-Germanic legal family endows with this institution. In addition, the author reveals the concept of “other” rights, which exists only in Russia, and eligibility criteria for copyright protection in a comparative legal aspect. Conclusion. The study is of a practical and theoretical nature: the author, on the one hand, provides overview of copyright and related rights in the intellectual property system in Russian and foreign legislation, on the other hand, focuses on examples from legal practice that allows to use the information in practical activities. This study lays the groundwork for a more detailed consideration of “other” rights, in particular, the right to author's reward.

The Role of Company Assets and Leadership Style in the Sustainable Business Performance of the Digital Creative Companies in Java

This study aims to determine the effect of company assets and leadership style on the sustainable business performance of digital creative industry companies in Java. The type of research in this study was verification. The unit of analysis in this study was a digital creative industry company on the island of Java, while the unit of observation was the management of a digital creative industry company on the island of Java. Data collection is carried out in a cross-section/one-shoot timeframe, namely in 2022. The population includes all companies that are members of the digital creative industry group on Java Island, which consists of 16 industrial sub-sectors. Data were taken from a sample of 100 respondents. The results of the study reveal that the company’s assets and leadership style have a significant influence on sustainable business performance. Leadership style plays a bigger role than company assets in driving sustainable business performance. The novelty in this research instills the right leadership style to build sustainable business performance, which is supported by the development of the company’s assets, in developing a leadership style, management should prioritize digital orientation, followed by the development of envisioning, governance, engagement, and disruptive innovation. Keywords: company assets, leadership style, sustainable business performance. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55463/hkjss.issn.1021-3619.60.16

Does intellectual capital matter for value creation of companies? evidence from Sri Lanka

Value creation is the ultimate purpose of any company and it is affected by many factors including capital. In knowledge-based economy, not only the financial capital but also non-financial capital play a pivotal role for creating value for the organizational stakeholders. The non-financial capital includes specially, the intellectual capital and its components; human capital, structural capital and relational capital. Thus, this study tried to explore the impact of intellectual capital and its components on value creation of Sri Lankan companies. The study was carried on the views obtained from the top personnel of 263 Sri Lankan companies out of 814 Sri Lankan companies including both Public Listed Companies and private companies. Further, the value creation was quantified using both financial and non-financial value drivers in this study. Data were analyzed using multivariate data analysis through Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling. Intellectual capital and structural capital have a significant positive impact on value creation according to the study’s findings. Human capital and relational capital do not have a significant impact on value creation. Furthermore, the explanatory power of the intellectual capital on value creation was lower than the explanatory power of the components of intellectual capital on value creation. Further, the findings of the study support to the theory, specially they confirm the stakeholder theory, knowledge based theory and intellectual capital based theory. Moreover, the study adds more value to the practice by identifying intellectual capital, human capital, structural capital and relational capital as the major predecessors of value creation of Sri Lankan companies.

DETERMINANTS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL DYNAMICS: THE CASE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

Since economic theory identifies new enterprises as one of the basic drivers of economic growth, it brings to the forefront the need to understand the existing dynamics of entrepreneurship. Consequently, the identification of the basic entrepreneurship’s determinants is a central issue from both a theoretical and a practical point of view in contemporary literature. A better understanding of the factors influencing the dynamics of entrepreneurship is a basic precondition for creating effective policies aimed at encouraging the creation of new companies, and consequently, the creation of new jobs. Therefore, this paper addresses several important issues. From the theoretical standpoint, the role of entrepreneurial determinants in creating a new business is examined. From a practical standpoint, the basic formal institutional factors influencing the birth rate of new companies are analyzed. The analysis was conducted on a sample of European Union countries for the period from 2010 to 2019 using data from the World Bank’s Doing Business database, as well as data on business dynamics from the Eurostat database. A panel data regression analysis using the fixed-effects estimation procedure with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors was conducted, and the results indicate that the dynamics of new enterprises’ foundation are negatively affected by the total tax burden, as well as the cost of property registration, while the amount of initial capital required to open a business has a positive impact. The results of the research can serve as a basis for fine-tuning policies that will facilitate and encourage the creation of new enterprises.

Scientific Сompany of the NBC Protection Troops

In accordance with the decision of the President of the Russian Federation, in 2013, the creation of scientific companies began in the Armed Forces of Russia. In 2015, such a company was created in the troops of radiation, chemical and biological protection as part of the Military Academy of Radiation, Chemical and Biological Protection named after Marshal of the Soviet Union S.K. Timoshenko (Kostroma). The purpose of the work is to show the history of the creation of a scientific company, the order of recruitment, organization and main indicators of the effectiveness of its research activities. The selection of candidates is carried out on the basis of the list of areas of training (specialties) of higher education of candidates for scientific companies, approved by the Office of the Chief of the NBC Protection Troops. The main criteria in the selection of candidates are the ability to conduct independent scientific activities in specialized areas, as well as the scientific potential of the candidate. The average GPA of the selected candidates is usually at least 4.7. With the young replenishment of the scientific company after the next call-up, the program of combat training of military personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, who first entered (called up) for military service, is being mastered. Then the young replenishment of the company is given the military oath. Each serviceman is assigned a supervisor from among scientific and pedagogical workers who have a scientific degree and academic title, as well as practical experience in carrying out scientific research. After the end of the service, military personnel are provided with the opportunity is given: to conclude a contract for military service with the assignment of the military rank of "lieutenant"; stay as a researcher in universities and research organizations of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation with the subsequent possibility of defending a dissertation and conferring the academic title of candidate of sciences; find employment in scientific organizations that are part of the military-industrial complex of Russia.

Features of the Technology Companies’ Development in the Context of the Introduction of Financial Technologies: Strategic Trends and OTSW-analysis

The article reveals the content of the concept of “financial technology”, emphasizes its importance in the strategic development of technology companies in the financial sector. It reflects the features of financial technologies and services as tools to stimulate innovation in the financial sector. The research methodology is based on taking into account the dependence of the transition to the creation and improvement of technological companies in the banking sector on progress in financial technologies. The analysis of the development strategy of Russian technology companies with a banking license was carried out by reviewing the initial stages of its development (according to the methodology of V.L. Kvint). The results of the trends and patterns’ analysis, as well as the OTSW-analysis of the technology companies’ development in Russia in the context of the financial technologies’ introduction are presented. Based on the materials of the study, we can conclude that the further formation of the financial sector largely depends on financial technologies that affect the process of digital transformation, increasing the openness of financial services. However, these processes create new and complicate the old challenges. In the domestic market, avant-garde financial companies launch and promote transformational strategies, create ecosystems around themselves, turning into technology companies. The main factor in such business models’ changes in the companies is the strategic potential inherent in these actions and the possibility of providing competitive advantages for the company in the future due to upcoming technological changes (including changes in the technological order). At the end of the work strategic recommendations were formulated to create and improve an enabling environment for the financial technologies’ development.

Commentaries From amateurism to professionalism: legislation changes transforming Brazilian football

PurposeThis paper aims to present a situation that Brazil is coming to terms with the creation of football companies. The solution is to sell football clubs to investors that can solve any inherited financial crisis and provide the players the clubs need to improve the situation. As clubs are now managed by investors, board members, society and supporters have almost no information about how the clubs are being managed. The authors’ recommendation is that besides the need for a transformation in management, there is also an urgent need for professionalisation and government regulation of the process (Andon and Free, 2019).Design/methodology/approachThe authors’ comments are based on documents, laws and newspaper news.FindingsThe results are engaging with the clubs achieving results in the short term, supporting fans returning to stadiums and the possibility of more investors becoming shareholders of football clubs.Originality/valueThis study is the first academic exercise of meditation about the process of turning Brazilian football clubs into anonymous societies.

Fiscal policy before and during COVID-19 and its impact on the creation of new comapnies

Abstract The article analyses relationships between fiscalism indicators and the number of newly registered companies (i.e. a new business density index). The study covered the period from 2015 to 2020 (inclusive). Considering the timeframe, the purpose is to determine the impact of COVID-19 on new firm formation. Two principal research hypotheses are formulated. The first hypothesis assumes a negative impact of fiscal burden on the creation of new firms. The second hypothesis assumes that COVID-19 reduced interest in starting new business entities. The research results demonstrate that there is a negative relationship between fiscalism and new firm formation. Contrary to expectations, the research has shown that COVID-19 did not adversely affect the creation of new companies, as the new business density index remained stable in most of the analyzed countries.