Community-based Tourism Destination Research Articles

Tourism Carrying Capacity of Community Based Ecotourism: Case Study of Olo-Olo Mangrove Forest, and Eco-Park in Lobo, Batangas, Philippines

The purpose of this research is to analyze the Tourism Carrying Capacity of recreational activities in a community-based tourism destination and determine the sustainability of the ecotourism management in Olo-Olo Mangrove Forest and Eco Park in Lobo, Batangas, Philippines, by calculating the physical ecological and social carrying capacity of the recreational activities of the community-based ecotourism site. The method utilized in this research is mixed, measuring quantitative analysis of Carrying capacities using Boullon’s Model applied with the Limits of Acceptable Change (LAC) framework. A qualitative approach was used in determining the social and ecological carrying capacity and recorded preferences of the site manager and the visitors. The study reveals that the total physical carrying capacity may range from 79 to 2488 tourists per day; ecological- solid wastes capacity of 333 tourists daily; ecological- water availability capacity of 20 tourists daily; and social carrying capacity of 900 to 1200 tourists daily. The combined tourism carrying Capacity of OMFE shows that the mangrove park can accommodate a wide range of tourists per day depending on which LAC scenario. The current tourist influx in OMFE is only 26 visitors daily on average, which is far below the computed combined carrying capacity. It is still directed towards sustainable ecotourism. Keywords: Tourism Carrying Capacity, Mangrove Eco Park, combined carrying capacity, Community-Based Ecotourism

Organizational design for strengthening community-based tourism: Empowering stakeholders for self-organization and networking.

The San Pablo community in El Triunfo, Ecuador, is emerging as a promising community-based tourism destination. Despite its potential, the lack of knowledge about self-organization and its implementation has hindered effective tourism management. To address this challenge, a participatory approach was employed, involving the community and key stakeholders, such as the local government of El Triunfo. Through the utilization of Design Thinking and both online and in-person interviews, it was identified that an organizational structure based on networks and a culture of self-organization can drive local tourism. These aspects were incorporated into a Design Thinking-guided process, contributing to the understanding of how to forge an appropriate organizational framework for the community. Furthermore, this study aims for broader impact. The goal is not only to strengthen tourism in San Pablo, but also to inform the management of strategies and policies in other entities. The findings offer valuable insights to similar communities in Ecuador and the region. Collectively, this research enhances the comprehension of community-based tourism and proposes practical solutions for optimizing its management in emerging contexts.

Analysis of Factors Influencing the Satisfaction of Domestic Tourists with the Community-Based Tourism Destination - Thieng Lieng Island

The study analyzed the factors influencing the satisfaction of domestic tourists participating in community-based tourism at Thieng Lieng Island Hamlet. Data were collected from 50 domestic tourists through questionnaire interviews. The data were processed to obtain average scores, maximum values, and minimum values. Tourists' satisfaction was measured using a model comprising: (1) Natural resources; (2) Infrastructure; (3) Tourist environment; (4) Service quality; (5) Residents' attitudes; (6) Service prices; (7) Cultural heritage. Based on the research findings, the authors proposed several managerial implications aimed at enhancing the satisfaction of domestic tourists at Thieng Lieng.

Factors Shaping Commitment and Resource Allocation in Managing Quality Tourism Destinations

The research aims at analyzing factors affecting the implementation of the quality tourism paradigm by tourism villages. A tourism village is a community-based tourism which offers a rural tourism experience. The research was carried out in the context of strategy formulation post-COVID-19 pandemic. The research specifically portrays the shifting paradigm from quantity to quality tourism development which takes place partly in response to the pandemic. There are concepts and theories taken from the marketing and human resource management, that is, the branding concept, the Theory of Reasoned Action, and the commitment theory to enrich tourism study. The research is quantitative-causal research. This study selected the research locus in the three tourism villages in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Data was collected through a survey. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling. The results of this study show that: 1) Level of awareness, Perceived importance, and Influence of other stakeholders positively affect commitment. 2) Level of awareness and Perceived importance positively affect Resource allocation, 3) Influence of other stakeholders has no effect on Resource allocation, and 4) Commitment positively affects Resource allocation. The research results lead to strategies for managing community-based tourism destinations to offer a quality tourism experience.

Strategi pengembangan agrowisata kopi rakyat di Jawa Timur

Introduction: The development of smallholder coffee agro-tourism in East Java is the development of local community-based tourism destinations. The development was ideal if there was an increase in community participation, an increase in the local economy, and a contribution to conservation. However, in the initial study, there were several problems that caused smallholder coffee agro-tourism in East Java to lack competitiveness. This study aims to analyze the key factors that can be used as a reference in the right strategy in developing smallholder coffee agro-tourism in East Java. Methods: This study uses mixed methods using qualitative and quantitative data. Data analysis using Prospective Analysis with the contribution of the experts Results: The results showed that there were 29 factors that influenced the development of smallholder coffee agro-tourism in East Java. After conducting a prospective analysis, there are 17 key factors that become a reference in determining the development strategy. These factors include (1) product management with environmental and health principles, (2) land ownership status, (3) products sold by farmers, (4) community relations, (5) coffee plant care, (6) product prices, (7) transparency of product prices, (8) monitoring and evaluation, (9) opportunities to get jobs, (10) variety of tour packages, (11) conditions of socio-cultural objects, (12) local cultural conditions of coffee plantation communities, (13 ) fair wages for coffee farmers and the community, (14) agro-tourism management reports, (15) availability of souvenir shops, (16) coffee distribution system, and (17) coffee agro-tourism legality. Conclusion: The implementation of this strategy can be carried out by synergies and collaborations between tourism stakeholders consisting of village governments, the tourism industry, universities, non-governmental organizations, and the media.

BETONG: A POTENTIAL WELLNESS TOURISM DESTINATION IN THE DEEP SOUTH OF THAILAND

According to the world wellness tourism trend, Thailand has promoted wellness tourism to boost its competitiveness. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the potential of Betong district in Yala province to be a wellness destination in the deep south of Thailand serving both domestic and international tourists. This study applied qualitative analysis to primary and secondary data on tourists’ demand for wellness tourism services and the standard of wellness tourism services supplied in Betong. The findings revealed that Betong’s wellness tourism services, found to have high market potential, include gastronomy services, Betong hot springs, and historical and community-based tourism destinations. These indicated that Betong has the potential to become a wellness tourism destination. However, Betong has to develop new services like herbal tourism and halal tourism as well as creative tourism products and services to increase its competitiveness and achieve inclusive income distribution and sustainable growth.

Development Concept and Strategy for Creative Tourism of Community-Based Tourism Destinations in Yogyakarta

The paper explores the current condition and the potential development of creative tourism in the context of community-based tourism (CBT) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A particular context was studied, that is, in the times of COVID-19 pandemic, where its adverse effects were experienced by tourism industry. Based on the research of the current state of creative tourism products in the tourism villages as CBT destinations, the paper aims to identify the factors contributing to the development of creative tourism products in tourism villages based on their cultural and natural assets. The research was conducted in three tourism villages in Yogyakarta by employing observation and interviews with the tourism villages’ managers and community members. Data were analyzed employing content-analysis. Findings of the research show that creative tourism is important for the survivability of tourism villages’ business especially during and post pandemic. Findings also bring in the importance of leadership and entrepreneurship of the tourism villages. Such result contributes to the conceptual understanding of creative tourism development, especially in the context of CBT destinations, to be able to enhance the resilience of tourism villages and to continue prosper the local community.

High-Value Experience, High-Value Market Segments, and Sustainability Principles in Quality Tourism: Case Studies on Community-based Tourism Destinations in Indonesia

Quality tourism which has been recently proposed as the tourism development paradigm is still poorly defined. This paper attempts to explore the literature on this subject. Having visited quality tourism in tourism, sustainable tourism, and marketing-related literature, we propose that it pertains to three aspects 1) quality, high-value, and satisfying tourism products and services, 2) consumers who will ‘happily’ pay more to enjoy the high-value experience, and 3) aspect of ethics, transparency, and respect towards human, nature, and culture. Further, using the three aspects of quality tourism as a framework, case studies are presented to (1) analyze the adoption of the quality tourism paradigm at community-based tourism destinations in Yogyakarta and, (2) propose recommendations to transform these destinations to become quality tourism destinations. The case studies on three tourism villages as community-based tourism destinations that some aspects to be enhanced include the development of High-Value Experience as Represented by the Price of Tourism Products/Packages, marketing strategies to target High-value Market Segments, and further adoption of sustainable tourism development practices.

Tanjung Boleng Tourism Village Development as A Tourism Destination Based on Community Based Tourism in West Manggarai

One of the Super Priority Tourist Destinations is Labuan Bajo which has the Tanjung Boleng Tourism Village, which currently has problems regarding community participation. CBT-based tourism development in Tanjung Boleng Tourism Village needs to be implemented to increase local community participation in tourism development. This study aims to determine the development of Tanjung Boleng Tourism Village as a Community-Based Tourism Destination. This study uses qualitative data types with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation, documentation, and literature study. Determination of informants in this study using purposive sampling and accidental sampling. The informants in this study were the Head of the Tanjung Boleng Tourism Village Pokdarwis, the Tanjung Boleng Tourism Village Head, representatives from the West Manggarai Tourism and Culture Office, representatives from NGOs, and the Tanjung Boleng tourism village community. The results show that the development of Tanjung Boleng Tourism Village as a tourism destination based on Community Based Tourism currently needs to be improved from the economic, political, environmental, cultural, and social components by increasing human resources and managers. Tanjung Boleng Tourism Village also needs to hold key principles and elements in developing Community-Based Tourism.
 Keywords: Community Based Tourism, Tourism Development, Tourism Village

Resident reactions to a pandemic: the impact on community-based tourism from social representation perspective

ABSTRACT As COVID-19 has spread throughout the world, it has caused unprecedented disruption to community-based tourism (CBT). The purpose of this study is to identify local reactions to COVID-19 in CBT destinations using social representation theory (SRT) as a framework for analysis. Furthermore, this paper uses Q methodology to shed light on residents’ reactions to COVID-19. A demonstration of this method is used to analyze a Q set of 36 statements and a P set of 30 respondents working in the CBT business in Seochon Village, Seoul, Korea from 10 May to 21 May in 2021. As a result of the analysis, three distinct clusters are identified: fear of stigmatization as a plague spreader, maladaptation to environmental change, and threats to livelihoods. Based on the findings, the theoretical and practical implications are discussed to aid the local community to build a more sustainable and safer CBT during and after the pandemic.

Railway to Leverage on the Tourism Industry to Increase the Number of the Ridership for the Intercity Train Services

The railway is critical for economic and regional development. The emergence of the railway in the 19th century was critical to developing the transport network. This transportation system has increased the number of reachable destinations, improving mobility and connectivity that facilitates the smooth conveyance of people and goods. Nevertheless, intense competition from other modes of transport, such as road and air transport, resulted in declining railway usage as a preferred form of transport. Nonetheless, tourism is generally seen as a productive sector dedicated to creating income from people’s travelling activities and staying away from their home environment. Even though tourism is crucial for economic development, it negatively impacts the environment and ecosystem. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the potential of the intercity railway in the tourism initiative to fulfil the objective of increasing its ridership and revenue. The study employed the qualitative approach utilising field surveys and discussion with key informants. The findings highlight the significant potential of integrating railways into tourism for encouraging people to utilise trains to travel while concurrently promoting community-based tourism destinations and supporting sustainable tourism. Railway and community-based tourism can promote tourism destinations and contribute to sustainable development.

Assessment of the Social Impacts of Community Based Tourism

Abstract We set out to assess the social impacts of tourism in a Community Based Tourism (CBT) destination by asking the following questions; (1) from a community and individual perspective, what are the major issues faced in a CBT destination?, and (2) is there any pattern to, or similarity between, quality of life and liveable environment impacts in a CBT destination? The Sagarmatha (Mt Everest) National Park in Nepal is used for the study area and where tourism is clearly an important contributor to the local economy. Despite high levels of resident and visitor satisfaction with tourism, survey results indicate that the major issues faced by communities and individuals in the Sagarmatha National Park and Buffer Zone (SNPBZ) are related to uncontrolled tourism development. This is most evident in a lack of relevant skills and training, increasing time burden to cater for tourists, frustrations felt by residents during peak season, the impact of inbound migration, lack of community control and most importantly, the impact of waste and water pollution. Management of the SNPBZ is based on a multi-stakeholder system that includes local population participation, but it does not seem to be working very well. Our survey indicates that uncontrolled growth of tourism businesses is placing increasing pressures on traditional cultures and the environment, thus creating negative impacts on quality of live and liveable environment for residents. Without an effective management system that enhances the ability of communities and Park management to control the impact of tourism, the situation is very likely to worsen in the future.

The Tourism Management in the Participatory Organic Farming Way at Bankamkhonta Village, Yasothon Province, Thailand

The objectives of this research were to study the potential of Bankamkhonta community in organizing community-based tourism on the organic farming way and to find a way to develop Bankamkhonta community as a community-based tourism destination in the organic farming way by using the participatory action research process. Conducting this research used group discussions, field visits, workshops, and learning exchanges from successful communities in tourism management. Content analysis is a method of analyzing research data. The results showed that Bankamkhonta community is a community with potential for community-based tourism management on the organic farming way because it is an area that already has organic farming and is a community where people gather to do social activities about continuous and concrete organic farming. The community is able to organize tourism that focuses on activities that tourists experience and understand the value of organic farming or organic agro-tourism and may upgrade such tourism to health and wellness tourism in the future.

Revitalizing Local Economy Through Village Tourism: Case Study of Dusun Gojang Utara, Selayar Islands, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

The study was done in March 2020 in Dusun Gojang Utara, Bontomarannu Village, Bontomanai Sub-district, Selayar Islands District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, aiming at exploring the opportunity and feasibility of “Kenari Forest” as a tourist attraction. A descriptive-status approach was used in this study that was sought to answer questions about real-life situations, and in addition, the scoring of potential tourism object/attraction utilized the 2003 ADO-ODTWA Guideline. Overall, Dusun Gojang Utara has a high potency as a community-based tourism destination, although there are four criteria needed improvement, nanely: accessibility, surrounding conditions, management and services, and climate. Unfortunately, Dusun Gojang Utara as a tourist village is yet to be the priority of the local government,. Indeed, as part of the Bontomarannu Village, this dusun is included as an agro-tourism development area, but the potential of this dusun is not for agro-tourism, instead its tourism attraction resides in the local livelihood itself.

Collaborative Governance dalam Tata Kelola Pariwisata-Desa (Studi Pariwisata-Desa “Bumiaji Agrotourism” di Kota Wisata Batu)

The objective of this research is examines the role of collaborative governance in rural tourism development, especially in the tourist area of "Bumiaji Agrotourism" in Tourist City of Batu. The rapid development of tourism in Batu is still dominated by the artificial tourism destinations, often the highlight in relation to the equitable distribution of welfare and sustainability of tourist development. Until today, the efforts of local governments and communities by presenting a variety of new icon types of community-based tourism destinations in Batu City do not provide assurance that tourism will remain exsist and suistain due to resource limitations in each actor. In accordance with Good Tourism Governance (GTG), tourism management efforts can no longer be charged only to one of the actors. Collaborative governance approach can be used as an alternative solution, especially in rural tourism development in Tourist City of Batu to strengthen the character of tourist destinations as well as tourism network buildings.

Influence of Sociodemographic Characteristics on the Support of an Emerging Community-based Tourism Destination in Gunung Ciremai National Park, Indonesia

ABSTRACT Community-based tourism (CBT) in national parks (NPs) is promising for diversifying local livelihood strategies while encouraging them to support conservation efforts. Although tourism in NPs is prominent, studies in the context of the newly emerged CBT in developing countries remain challenging. To understand the mechanism on how residents’ sociodemographic characteristics influence their support of CBT developments in the early stage, the merge social exchange theory (SET) and identity theory were used. In total, 934 usable questionnaires were obtained from 12 villages adjacent to Gunung Ciremai National Park (GCNP), Indonesia. The piecewise structural equation model results implied that the influence of residents’ sociodemographic characteristics and their support for tourism development was partially and fully mediated by perceived benefits and costs. While the influence of involvement in tourism and formal education attainment toward their level of support was partially mediated, gender and personal monthly incomes were fully mediated by perceived benefits and costs. The findings confirm the suitability of merging SET and identity theory in the context of newly CBT development in NPs. The NP managers should be aware of the sociodemographic characteristics of adjacent communities, which are essential for supporting the sustainability of CBT initiatives as well as NPs conservation efforts.

Community-Based Tourism and Destination Attractiveness: From Theory to Practice

Community-based tourism (CBT) is an approach for tourism development that highlights the active participation of the community as a producer, owner, decision-maker in the tourism development of a destination. It has been considered as a sustainable tourism development orientation because it creates employment and increases income for local communities, making them more aware of the responsibility to preserve and enrich their local tourism resources. However, one of the crucial indicators of the sustainability of a CBT venture is commercial viability which is mostly influenced by destination attractiveness to the tourists. Firstly, this paper aims at identifying core attractive attributes from which CBT is frequently developed. A case-based study is carried out on thirty documented successful CBT practices in many parts of the world. From that, this paper points out five types of core attractive attribute of the destination on which CBT can be developed. Then, this paper will discuss how CBT can make a destination more attractive. Finally, the paper will suggest some actions for tourism policymakers of a CBT destination. Keywords: community-based tourism, destination attractiveness, sustainable tourism, core attractive attributes, community participation DOI: 10.7176/JTHS/49-04 Publication date: May 31 st 2020

Community-Based Tourism as a Sustainable Direction in Destination Development: An Empirical Examination of Visitor Behaviors

Community-based tourism is an emerging form of sustainable tourism. Community-based tourism often brings various financial/non-financial benefits to local communities and maximizes sustainability at the local level. The present study was designed to uncover the role of community-based tourism performance in elucidating travelers’ post-purchase decision-making process for sustainable destination products by considering the moderating effect of sense of belonging. A quantitative approach was adopted for the achievement of the research objective. A field survey conducted at community-based tourism destinations was utilized for data collection. The acceptable level of the measurement quality was demonstrated. The results of the structural equation modeling provided empirical evidence that community-based tourism performance significantly affects the formation of travelers’ post-purchase intentions. In addition, the adequacy of the higher-order structure of community-based tourism performance was identified. The community-based tourism performance and intention relationship was also moderated by sense of belonging. With a lack of empirical research about community-based tourism, the findings of this research significantly add to the existing body of knowledge in sustainable tourism.

Peran Serta Masyarakat Lokal Dalam Pengelolaan Daya Tarik Wisata Pura Goa Giri Putri Nusa Penida

This research is located in Pakraman Karang Sari, Village Office Suana, Nusa Penida in tourist attraction Pura Goa Giri Putri which aims to determine the function of local communities in the management of the attraction in the development and planning as a community-based tourism destination. 
 Data collection techniques in this study, by observation, in-depth interviews with 6 informant, and documentation study by taking a picture in the attractions of Goa Giri Putri. The data have been analyzed with descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques are broadly communicating, and systematic explanation of the data obtained in the field with the aim of obtaining a clear picture and objektif.
 The result of this research is the role of local communities in the management of a tourist attraction Pura Goa Giri Putri is as pengemong / pengempon who have the responsibility to maintain and grow attractions Goa Giri Putri directly or indirectly such as participating maintain cleanliness, keeping tourist attraction Goa Giri Putri, keeping pemedek or tourists who visit and support the implementation of the current pujawali ceremony / ceremony at Pura Goa Giri Putri with managers and other stakeholders.
 
 Keywords: Participation, Local Communities, Management, Tourist Attraction, Community Based Tourism

INOVASI PERAN PEMERINTAH DESA DALAM KEBIJAKAN PARIWISATA DI KOTA BATU

This research examine the innovation of village government roles in tourism policy in Batu Municipality, Batu Municipality is one of the cities in Indonesia whose economic growth is dominated by the tourism sector. Economic growth during 2012-2016 Batu City's economy has shown a marked increase with an average of 6.95 percent but the poverty rate has not shown a significant decline with the number of more than 9,000 people since 2013 to 2016 and the gini ratio in 2015 was recorded at 0,36 points or up from the 2013 figure of 0.31 points. This indicates that the growth of the tourism sector has not been able to be felt by the entire community. this happens because the tourism sector is still dominated by large investors by building artificial tourism (artificial) which involves minimal society, therefore the city government of Batu develop a new approach by optimizing the role of village government in developing the policy village tourism and form of pokdarwis (kelompok sadar wisata (group of tourism awareness)). This research uses qualitative approach, case study research and interactive model analysis from Miles, Huberman and Saldana. The result of the analysis shows that the innovation of the role of village apparatus in developing the new community based tourism destination and the collaboration with pokdarwis has given a new form in tourism policy in Batu Town, the tourist villages developed at the village level are more successful in giving positive influence to the people's welfare as well able to involve massively society.