Purpose Of Communication Research Articles

Sustainable Greeting Card – paper Products Produced on a Laboratory Paper Machine

Paper products have been used for thousands of years for art and communication purposes. The presented project describes the development of a unique greeting card art paper product, comprised of a card stock with a basis weight of 150 g/m2 having a purple color tone and inlay paper product with a basis weight of 100 g/m2. The inlay paper product should have a gras fiber content that is visualized by a tree cut out in the cover paper. The inlay paper should be printable with a standard ink-jet printer as well as be able to write on with a fountain pen. Both paper grades were developed with a hand sheet study and then upscaled to a small 225 mm wide laboratory Fourdrinier paper machine. The produced cover paper and inlay paper had a basis weight of 152.20 g/m2 for the cover paper having a purple color tone and 102.64 g/m2 for the inlay paper, meeting all mechanical and optical properties as required. The finished cover and inlay paper product was converted into DIN A5 and DIN A6 card stock, including cutting out the tree image from the cover paper using a laser cutter.

A hybrid method for intercity transport mode identification based on mobility features and sequential relations mined from cellular signaling data

AbstractThe proliferation of mobile phones has generated vast quantities of cellular signaling data (CSD), covering extensive spatial areas and populations. These data, containing spatiotemporal information, can be employed to identify and analyze intercity transport modes, providing valuable insights for understanding travel distribution and behavior. However, CSD are primarily intended for communication purposes and are not directly suitable for transportation research due to issues such as low spatial precision, sparse sampling granularity, and lacking traffic semantic features. This article proposes a Hybrid model for identifying individual intercity transport modes based on CSD. Several multidimensional mobility features are proposed that extract interpretable motion characteristics from CSD. A preliminary transport mode probability judgment is made based on the mobility features. Then, the complete transport mode is confirmed considering the temporal continuity correlation of the entire trace. Experiments confirm the Hybrid model's superior precision in identifying transport modes over baseline models, with an average F1 score of 0.92, maintaining high accuracy across various trajectory lengths. This model would support further studying individual intercity travel behavior patterns, aiding transportation planning and operational management decisions using CSD.

Pragmatic Functions of Emoticons in WeChat Messaging

With the development of social media and the updating of emoticons, people widely use emoticons to convey information and express emotions in instant messaging to achieve the purpose of communication. As a new research field, emoticons have attracted extensive attention of scholars in recent years. The previous studies mostly focus on motivation and influencing factors of emoticon usage from the perspective of communication. However, little research has been done on the study of linguistics. The author of this paper intends to explore the roles and pragmatic functions of emoticons in WeChat messaging through discourse analysis based on speech act theory. The study shows that emoticons compensate for the lack of information and eliminate ambiguity in online communication, and that different age groups have different understandings of emoticons. Hopefully the study on emoticons will help people systematically understand the roles and functions of emoticons, thus achieving interpersonal effective communication.

Informal digital learning of English and EFL learners’ willingness to communicate: investigating the mediating role of L2 grit

ABSTRACT Informal digital learning of English (IDLE) has recently become a heated debate in the realm of computer-assisted language learning. Despite the potential benefits of IDLE, the mediating role of English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ domain-specific grit in the relationship between IDLE and willingness to communicate (WTC) has yet to receive due attention. Therefore, the current study explored how L2 grit mediated the relationship between IDLE and WTC. A sample of 313 Iranian EFL learners filled out three questionnaires. The results of the mediation model analysis conducted with AMOS indicated that L2 grit fully mediated the association between IDLE and WTC. In other words, it was figured out that IDLE impacts learners’ L2 WTC indirectly through their grit. The findings of this study implied that enhancing perseverance and passion for pursuing long-term goals can help EFL learners benefit from IDLE-based activities for communicative purposes. Ultimately, suggestions for future research are offered.

A jamming power control game with unknown user’s communication metric

We consider a jamming problem in which a jammer aims to degrade a user’s communication in which the user might differ in applied applications or communication purposes. Such differences are reflected by different communication metrics used by the user. Specifically, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) is used as a metric to reflect regular data transmission purposes. Meanwhile, as another metric, latency, modeled by the inverse SINR, is used to reflect emergency communication purposes. We consider the most difficult scenario for the jammer where it does not know which application (metric) the user employs. The problem is formulated as a Bayesian game. Equilibrium is found in closed form, and the dependence of equilibrium on network parameters is illustrated.

First-order sense-making in L2 academic discussions: A distributed view of teacher languaging dynamics in embodied and situated learning context

The study explores teacher's situated and embodied interactions with students in second language (L2) academic discussions and how the teacher languaging dynamics facilitate students' learning when they are engaged in an academic discussion outside the classroom. The situated learning enables learning to take place in contexts other than classroom that affords the environment for embodied interaction and legitimizes the learning community with shared communicative purposes. The first-order teacher languaging dynamics are recontextualized in the situated learning contexts that encourage knowledge exchange as social learning engagements to enable students to bodily experience learning and develop the process of knowing. With a distributed view to language, a multi-scalar approach to multimodal interaction analysis is employed to investigate how the teacher dynamically interacts with students through embodied semiosis in the situated learning context and how academic knowledge is bodily enacted by the teacher languaging behaviours in the dynamic embodied environment. The findings show different embodied strategies are deployed by the teacher to bodily ground the academic knowledge in both vocal tract gesturing and hand movements where the meanings are generalized, visualized, objectified, concretized and symbolized in first-order languaging dynamics to facilitate and afford student sense-making and learning in academic discussions.

A hybrid approach of machine learning algorithms for improving accuracy of social media crisis detection

The use of social media is becoming increasingly important in our day-to-day activities. Platforms for social media are utilised on a daily basis, and it has been seen that young adults make regular use of social media, even while they are in the midst of an emergency scenario. For the purpose of communication, individuals, businesses, and governments all make use of various social media platforms. Through their efforts to establish communication with their loved ones who are residing in regions that have been impacted by disasters, a great number of people are demonstrating their profound concern for the well-being of those individuals. The individuals are looking for a variety of necessities, including food, help, pharmaceuticals, lodging, transportation, and other necessities. It is possible for telecommunication networks to experience a breakdown or become incapable of adequately accommodating a sudden spike in the number of users attempting to connect to the network during times of crisis. There is a widespread use of short messaging service (SMS) mobile text messages in the modern communication landscape. Platforms for social media websites that are accessible online have the potential to effectively regulate the flow of communication. The existence of social media networks that are technologically scalable makes it possible for this to be a feasible option. The usage of a platform that enables communication in both directions has the potential to outperform the efficiency of conventional channels that only transmit information in one direction, such as radio and television, when it comes to crisis situations. The proliferation of network technologies has resulted in an increased emphasis on the examination of the features of network components, the mitigation of the affects of these components, and the rapid restoration of operations in the event of disasters. It is possible to improve the efficiency, dependability, and participatory nature of emergency communication by making use of various social media platforms. Consequently, it is possible to make the observation that crises have become an integral part of the ecosystem of social media in the modern day.

Analogías para asustar y tranquilizar: dos estudios sobre recuperación y evaluación de argumentos analógicos

In our daily lives we often resort to argumentation through analogies when we try to show others our position on the issue at hand. Two experiments that analyze the retrieval and evaluation of analogical arguments with different argumentative purposes are reported in this article. In Experiment 1, the structure and semantic distance of analogies retrieved by 109 university students were analyzed when different communication purposes were indicated. It was found that people recover analogies with complete structure (i.e. analogies with explicit inferences) and close semantic distance to a greater extent. In Experiment 2 it was inquired if the types of analogies recovered in the previous experiment are effective (i.e., persuasive) for the recipient. The data found show a significant difference in their persuasive efficacy in favor of the arguments in which complete analogies are used.

A high isolation wideband palm tree-shaped printed 4 × 4 MIMO antenna for 5G mm-waves applications

A high-isolation wideband MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) antenna, shaped like a palm tree, is designed for 5G wireless communication purposes. The propounded MIMO antenna is formulated on an FR4 substrate, featuring a quartet of ports and adhering to a precise dimension of 45 × 50 × 0.8 mm3. A detailed analysis of the proposed high isolation wideband palm tree shaped MIMO antenna, considering its bandwidth, gain, isolation, radiation patterns, and diversity performance metrics such as diversity gain, channel capacity loss, mean effective gain, and total active reflection coefficient, is presented. The results obtained from simulations and measurements demonstrate good agreement, indicating the antenna’s effectiveness for intended applications. Indeed, an extensive bandwidth covering a range of 11.6 GHz from 23.4 GHz to 35 GHz is achieved by demonstrating superb reflection coefficient. Additionally, the design reports remarkable isolation and a peak gain of 12.4 dB, indicating its ability to enhance signal strength. One of the most notable features of this MIMO antenna is its coverage of multiple 5G bands, making it ideal for use in various geographical regions, including the USA and Canada (27.5–28.35 GHz, 37.0–37.6 GHz, and 37.6–40.0 GHz), China (24.75–27.5 GHz), Korea (28–39 GHz), Japan (27–29.5 GHz) and Sweden (26 GHz).

The Impact of Social Media Usage in English Writing Among the High School Students in Selangor

Social media such as Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, and TikTok play a prime role in the 21st century as a communication medium. The development of the current technological world has led people to have a wide range of exposure to social media. In addition, regardless of age, almost everyone is exposed to and uses social media for entertainment, communication, and business purposes. However, it also proves that the younger generation is more addicted to the usage of social media. Despite social media playing a major role in effective communication in this current era, social media does impact high school students' English writing. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the frequency of social media usage and the impact of social media on high school students’ writing skills. Questionnaires were utilized as the major instrument to gather data for this study, and they were delivered to 30 secondary school students in Selangor. The data was analysed and summarised using frequencies and percentages, and the questionnaire was used to assist in the quantitative study design. Finally, data analysis has revealed that social media influences secondary school pupils' writing abilities.

Rhetorical organizations of method chapter in bachelor’s theses by Indonesian TEFL undergraduates

In the scientific realm, the validity of studies and the reliability of empirical findings are of high significance to be presented through research reports, one of which is a thesis. In an undergraduate thesis, the methodology chapter plays an important role in reporting any key details, including research procedures, tools, data collection, and data analysis. Novice writer-researchers such as Indonesian undergraduate students face challenges in writing their methods chapters, one of which deals with the issue of rhetorical organization. Using a genre analysis approach by adopting the comprehensive moves model developed by Chen and Kuo (2012), we analyzed the rhetorical moves in the methods chapters of five Indonesian undergraduate theses. Five bachelor theses in the field of teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL) were selected as data sources due to their relevance to our objectives and predetermined criteria of data selection. The findings show three key moves used in the chapters, with varying frequency. Move 2 was the most frequently used, followed by Move 3, while Move 1 was the least one. Several recurred steps were presented to achieve the communicative purpose of the key moves. Thus, our findings can be useful for Indonesian student writers’ awareness of the importance of utilizing moves and steps in writing and crafting systematic and compelling method chapters.

Bandwidth Enhancement of a D-Crescent-Shaped Monopole Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications

A low-profile monopole patch antenna is proposed for wireless communication purposes, covering PCS1900, UMTS, LTE2300, LTE2500, ISM, and WLAN bands. The antenna features a novel double-crescent-shaped (D-Crescent-Shaped) patch with a partial ground plane to enhance bandwidth. Resonating at 2.4 GHz for ISM applications, the antenna, constructed on FR-4 dielectric, exhibits a proportional bandwidth of 38%, covering 1.91 GHz to 2.81 GHz. The design achieves a low-profile configuration with dimensions of 36.88×44.85 mm², featuring a thickness of 1.6 mm. The proposed antenna has a return loss of -56.1 dB and a directivity gain of 2.21 dBi. The proposed antenna, with its low-profile design, ease of manufacturing, and improved bandwidth and return loss, is well-suited for wireless communication applications across widely-used frequency ranges like PCS, UMTS, LTE2300, LTE2500, ISM, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and 4G LTE.

Social-media-based crisis communication: Assessing the engagement of local agencies in Twitter during Hurricane Irma

As social media platforms have become vital means of communication, it has become imperative for emergency managers and policy makers to understand how people are interacting with different agencies on these platforms for enhancing community response coordination during disasters. Although many public agencies have already adopted social media platforms for crisis communication purposes, empirical evidence on whether and how these agencies are effectively engaged on these platforms is lacking. This research aims to examine crisis communication activities of a variety of agencies in Twitter (now X) in response to Hurricane Irma in 2017. The study analyzed 13,353 hurricane-related tweets posted by the local agencies from eight counties in East Central Florida as well as federal and state agencies and other nonprofit and private organizations during the hurricane response period. An engagement metric was applied on these tweets to determine which agencies were most active in disseminating information during Hurricane Irma. The results revealed the most engaged local agencies in Twitter during Hurricane Irma for crisis communication and the Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) associated with them in coordinating disaster response activities. The study further investigated Twitter profiles and relevant attributes of these actively engaged agencies, and the contents of the hurricane-related tweets during Hurricane Irma. The study found that local agencies remain active and engaged in Twitter during a disaster compared to other levels of agencies. The ESF representing communication (ESF #2) was one of the most frequent ESFs associated with these active agencies; however, ESF #6 (Mass Care and Sheltering) was also found to be highly utilized. The results also provided insights on crisis communication performance of these agencies in terms of the three dimensions of social media engagement including popularity, commitment, and virality, which are correlated to the counts of like, reply, and retweet of each post, respectively. The study includes recommendations to local government and partner organizations and emergency managers to improve crisis communication in social media and suggests future research directions.

Noise Robust VAD Technique and its Performance Evaluation

In this real world of audio and speech signals, the ability to detect the voice activity and remove the background voice is important. This project presents that to remove noise robust Voice Activity Detection (VAD) technique that combines voice source and vocal tract system information using a zero-frequency filtering (ZFF) approach. As mentioned earlier ZFF technique is employed to combine and to compute a composite signal that encapsulate essential parameters such as fundamental frequency and formats, enabling robust VAD in time domain.This methodology offers a significant advantage in terms of computational efficiency compared to other methods, making it an attractive choice for real-time applications. By applying dynamic thresholding after spectral entropy-based weighting, this approach exhibits resilience or minimum across a range of Signal-to-Noise Ratios (SNRs), further enhancing its ability.This project provides comprehensive utility for audio segmentation, which offers the capability to process individual audio files or entire directories. It also includes the extraction of a composite signal, which is a critical component in enhancing voice quality and reducing background noise. With this, the project is open to use build further and use it for the big industries purpose and for communication purpose. Keywords— Voice Activity Detection (VAD), Zero-Frequency Filtering (ZFF), Signal Noise Ratio (SNR).

Structural, phonon, optical, electronic, and thermodynamic properties of NpX (X = S, Se, Te) chalcogenides: A DFT study

Binary chalcogenides with small Reststrahlen bands in the far infrared and microwave region make them intriguing for IR sensors and radar communication purposes. In this study, we have theoretically investigated the structural, phonon, electronic, optical, IR optical and thermodynamic properties of NpX, where X = S, Se, and Te chalcogenides. The face-centered cubic structure is relaxed to determine the optimized lattice parameters which increased with an increase in the size of involving chalcogen atom. Band structure reveals their metallic nature. The significant contribution of d and f-states of Np and p-states of chalcogens in band formation is evident from the density of state plots. The detailed analysis of optical parameters including real and imaginary parts of dielectric constant and refractive index, optical conductivity, and optical loss exhibit high absorption in the IR region.

Mechanically induced long period gratings in different silica multi-layered optical fibers

This work presents a thorough comparative investigation of mechanically induced long period gratings (MILPGs) realized in different unconventional multi-layered silica optical fibers: two double cladding fibers (DCF), with progressively three layered (PTL) and W-type structures, and a solid core photonic crystal fiber (PCF). A periodic interdigitated grooved structure, based on the stereo-lithography 3D printing technique, is developed for the grating formation in these fibers with simplicity and cost-effectiveness. Multiple grating periods are developed in the range 480–660 μm, resulting in attenuation bands with depth within 15–25 dB and wide range of tunability over the wavelength range of 1100–1700 nm. The results demonstrate effective management of transmission spectra evolution as a function of the applied weight, with minimal alteration in wavelength position when testing the fiber with or without its coating. Polarization dependent properties of these gratings are also investigated demonstrating a negligible impact. This is the first time that such a broad investigation is conducted about MILPGs in the fibers mentioned earlier with broad scouting in fabrication parameters, opening to the application of such devices for sensing and communication purposes.

Challenges in the quantification of household food waste: the need for consistent methodologies

Purpose The purpose of this short communication is to shed light on the accuracy of quantification methods of household food waste (HFW).Design/methodology/approach Thirty-seven recently published studies in HFW were surveyed for this commentary. Exemplary methods and findings of these studies were compared.Findings It is challenging to draw conclusions on the amount of the HFW per person/town/country due to the inconsistent and heterogeneous methodologies used. We recommend using direct measurements or triangulation of methods to help ensure valid findings. Governments should incentivize consumers to deliver their food waste to designated locations where weights could accurately be assessed. Monetary or tax incentives could help stimulate an accurate accounting of waste and encourage reductions. Food waste measurements should be consistently reported as kg/person/week.Social implications Food and water security must be provided for all. It is estimated that one-third of edible food for humans is currently lost or wasted globally. According to the World Food Program (WFP), this is about 1.3 billion tons of food per year and at the same time this wasted food could be sufficient to feed two billion people.Originality/value The aim of this paper is to fill a gap in the literature about the magnitude and significance of HFW and its impact on the environment and social welfare. Currently, there are no generally accepted uniform methods of food waste quantification at the household level. This original communication brings the importance and challenges of the quantification of HFW to light.

Internet Access and Use by Patients with Gynecologic Malignancies: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The influence of digitalization on information-seeking, decision-making properties of patients, therapy monitoring, and patient-physician interactions has and will change the global health sector tremendously. With this study, we add knowledge on the degree of digitalization, digital device availability, the use and availability of home and mobile internet access, and the willingness to use novel forms of patient-physician interactions in a group of gynecologic cancer patients. From July 2017 to March 2022, 150 women with a diagnosis of gynecologic malignancy at the University Hospital of Cologne participated in this questionnaire-based cohort study. Any one of three potential internet access devices (stationary computer, smartphone, or tablet) is owned by 94% of patients and the only patient intrinsic factor that is significantly associated with the property of any one of these internet access devices is age. The Internet is used daily or several times per week to assess information on their disease by 92.8%, 90.1% use the Internet for communicational purposes and 71.9% and 93.6% are willing to communicate with their treating physicians via E-Mail or even novel forms of communication, respectively. In conclusion, the predominant majority of gynecologic cancer patients can be reached by modern internet-based E-Health technologies.

The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Catalyst for Increased Consumption in Television and Social Media Usage in Romania

The general perception is that the COVID-19 pandemic led to significant shifts in social media usage patterns, resulting in increased Internet traffic for communication purposes. This study analyses the use of social media and television by the Romanian population before (in 2018), during (in 2020), and after (in 2023) the COVID-19 lockdown. The results indicate that during and after the lockdown, the most frequently used social networking sites and mobile apps in Romania were Facebook and WhatsApp. TikTok experienced a significant increase in user registrations, surpassing Instagram. Despite the presumption that TV lost market share compared to the Internet, television not only remained the most utilised medium, but TV consumption increased during and after the pandemic. The data was collected by the media agency Dentsu Romania, combining information obtained from BRAT (Biroul Român de Audit Transmedia) and Dentsu Romania, based on a collection methodology involving online and face-to-face interviews, on a representative sample of the Romanian population. BRAT and Dentsu Romania media consumption data was cross-referenced with information on consumption behaviour monitored through people meters by ARMA (Asociația Română pentru Măsurarea Audiențelor).

Energy efficiency maximization for active RIS-aided integrated sensing and communication

This paper investigates energy-efficient communication within an integrated sensing and communication system. The system employs a dual-function radar-communication base station. This base station concurrently serves multiple mobile users for communication purposes while also performing target sensing within a designated range cell. An active reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is utilized to enhance communication efficiency. The focus of this work is to optimize the communication energy efficiency by jointly allocating the transmit power and configuring the RIS elements. This optimization is achieved while satisfying constraints on both the probing power required for target sensing and the quality-of-service demands of the communication users. Two novel optimization methods are proposed, combining techniques from alternating optimization, sequential programming, and fractional programming. Through numerical simulations, the effectiveness of the developed algorithms is validated. Additionally, the performance of the system utilizing an active RIS is compared to that of a system with a passive RIS, specifically in terms of their respective communication energy efficiencies.