Communicative Situations Research Articles

EARLY LITERACY FOR YOUNG PEOPLE AND ADULTS: EDUCATORS’ CONTINUING TRAINING

The present focus of my research, extension online courses for teaching early literacy is aimed at eradicating functional illiteracy in Brazil, to form critical readers of texts circulating socially, able of writing what is appropriate to their pragmatic intentions, in different communicative situations. The instrument to achieve this goal is Scliar Early Literacy System (SSA), which contains the proposal foundations, the methodology, the instructions for applying the Units in the classroom, the reading and writing books for both teachers and students and the students' respective activity notebooks. This research goal is the teachers’ continuous training for improving young people and adult education, adopting a cutting-edge methodology, inspired by linguistic, neuroscience, neuropsychology, psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic advances. In this paper, I will deal with how to reach a qualitative leap in early literacy among young people and adults, changing the foundations that guide the mediator’s training, the methodology and the pedagogical material, from a perspective associating human and biological sciences. We cannot separate culture from the biological, from the brain, whose structure and functioning make its emergence possible.

Come On, Be Good! It's Nearly Over... .German and Romanian Forms of Address in Communication between Pets, Vets or Pet Owners and the Animal to Be Treated

The form of address is one of the most important features for making contact in society. Dictionaries and grammars provide very little information on the subject, so in each situation, learners have to take into account factors such as Communication situation, age of interlocutors, social status, and official nature of the situation to make an appropriate decision. Based on recordings and interviews, I try to ascertain what pronominal and nominal forms of address occur in German and Romanian veterinary practices. In addition to the first names, pet names and nicknames with which the pets (dogs, cats, hamsters, cows, ducks, etc.) are addressed by the pet owners and the veterinarians, nominal phrases such as Guter Junge! or Un băiat cuminte! (A good boy) appear. In addition to the forms of address mentioned above, Romanian also has reverse forms of address and interjections of address.

Playing with the Narrative of Mental Illness : Communication Beyond Serious Empathy games

This essay focuses on the implicit narrative of mental illness communicated through the cultural rhetoric of serious games and empathy games. Games about mental illness are seen to promote a change in behavior and foster greater understanding by breaking down the boundary between the neuro-non-normative avatar and players. However, rather than cultivating empathy, these games reinforce notions of mental illness as the unknowable Other. Using Infinite Fall’s Night in the Woods (2017), this essay demonstrates how the use of non-serious elements, changes to the narrative premise, and limited insight into the avatar’s mind create a new communicative situation. Oscillating between sameness and difference, the game shows mental illness as a normal part of life, of growing up and getting to know yourself and the people around you.

Motivated Skepticism

Abstract We experimentally study how individuals read strategically transmitted information when they have preferences over what they will learn. Subjects play disclosure games in which Receivers should interpret messages skeptically. We vary whether the state that Senders communicate about is ego-relevant or neutral for Receivers, and whether skeptical beliefs are aligned or not with what Receivers prefer believing. Compared to neutral settings, skepticism is significantly lower when it is self-threatening, and not enhanced when it is self-serving. These results shed light on a new channel that individuals can use to protect their beliefs in communication situations: they exercise skepticism in a motivated way, that is, in a way that depends on the desirability of the conclusions that skeptical inferences lead to. We propose two behavioural models that can generate motivated skepticism. In one model, the Receiver freely manipulates his beliefs after having made skeptical inferences. In the other, the Receiver reasons about evidence in steps and the depth of his reasoning is motivated.

The specificity of legal terminology in implementation of the competence approach in learning English

Legal terminology is considered one of the most significant branch terminologies and is a complex aspect of foreign language learning. Legal terminology is an intermediate link between different fields of knowledge and spheres of human activity. Therefore, the system of higher education took a course to train specialists capable of translating legal texts in both written and oral forms, thus implementing a competency-based approach to teaching foreign languages. The relevance of the research is determined by the study of modern approaches to teaching the translation of legal terminology within the framework of the implementation of the competence approach. The implementation of a comprehensive and balanced approach to mastering communicative linguistic, intercultural, as well as primary professional competences will undoubtedly contribute to the improvement of English in purely professional communication situations at each subsequent stage of education. Thus, while following a comprehensive approach, we give priority to the formation of communicative linguistic competences, as well as a number of professional communicative competences in general and professional communication situations in accordance with level B2 of the European standard, while special attention is paid to the ability to correctly select the meaning of special terms. At the same time, one of the important tasks remains the development of professional competences through the mastery of legal terminology in English, which is a complex and multifaceted process. Difficulties arising in the process of its study, of course, are not limited to the problems described above. However, the competence approach and cross-cultural perspective of the presentation of the material will undoubtedly contribute to a deeper, meaningful and creative study of English legal terminology.

LINGUODIDACTIC PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPING PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE FOR SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETATION TEACHERS

This article identifies and describes the language teaching principles for the formation of professional competence in simultaneous interpretation teachers. An analysis of domestic and foreign theoretical and practical research reveals that the problem of developing professional competence for simultaneous interpretation teachers, despite its undeniable significance, is still in the early stages of study. In the scientific, pedagogical, and translation discourses, the search for effective solutions has only just begun. Determining the linguodidactic principles of preparing translation teachers in general and forming their professional competence provides the basis for a comprehensive study of this complex issue. It is established that the professional competence of a translation teacher is an integrative characteristic of personality, which presupposes the formation of a complex of necessary competencies for effective pedagogical and translation activities, including various components of pedagogy and translation, and pedagogical communication within the framework of intercultural communication. The professional competence of a simultaneous interpreter is a complex formation that includes both general translation competencies, reflecting the main functions of translation activities, and specific competencies necessary for oral interpretation, including the simultaneous one (as readiness and ability to perceive and understand the oral speech of communicators from different cultures, to transmit it by the communication situation, genre, style, and register; ability to immerse oneself in situations of interlingual and intercultural interaction; ability to activate necessary competencies for translation and teaching activities; readiness for enriching communicative experience while mobilizing already developed skills and abilities; capacity for reflection and self-reflection). Linguodidactic principles of developing professional competence for simultaneous interpretation teachers are defined, taking into account the interdisciplinary nature of this process, namely: pedagogical, translation studies, linguistic, and psychological principles, without which it is impossible to organize the training process for future specialists qualitatively.

INTERNET RESOURCES AS A MEANS OF LEARNING THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

The article is devoted to researching the relevance of Internet resources as an educational component in the system of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language. Research and development of linguists, which were feasible in the direction of foreign language training using computer technologies and Internet tools, were studied. The work identifies the motives that encourage foreign citizens to learn the Ukrainian language. The content of popular sites was analyzed for the possibility of independent mastering of the Ukrainian language by foreign citizens with their help. Special attention is paid to researching the content of Internet resources, namely to what extent their content contributes to: mastering phonetics at the proper level, familiarization with grammatical features, mastering communication skills in accordance with modern needs, vocabulary formation. It was determined that the proposed system of interactive exercises and tasks of Internet resources allows for explanations in an interesting and accessible form, consolidation and generalization of material on the example of communicative situations from modern life, which contributes to increasing interest in the educational process. The article examines how the sociocultural and country studies component is reflected in the process of selection and formation of thematic blocks and sections of online resources. It was found that Internet resources contribute to the formation of foreign language speech competence at a sufficient level by combining theoretical knowledge and practical skills. As a result, it was concluded that the use of the Internet in the system of teaching a foreign language and Ukrainian, in particular, has a number of advantages, namely: the distance learning format allows you to independently manage the educational process, in particular, to personally determine the time and place; choose material according to your level; work on topics guided by one’s own goals and interests; students have the opportunity to learn from native speakers, not just from textbooks. The article examines the feasibility and relevance of using Internet resources in the process of learning another language. Positive prospects of using the Internet in the process of mastering the Ukrainian language as a foreign language and in raising the qualification level of teachers working in this direction were identified. Key words: Internet network, Internet resources, Internet tools, Internet technologies, Ukrainian language as a foreign language.

Foreign experience of future veterinarians’ preparation for professional communication

The article analyzes foreign experience in preparing future veterinarians for professional communication. It has been established that the preparation of future veterinarians for professional communication is considered by foreign scientists to be on the same level of importance as a wide range of professional disciplines. The process of communication of specialists in the agricultural sector consists in the formation of skills and professional communication skills, in the exchange of information, in the content of the information itself, which is the main factor in the acquisition and formation of knowledge and skills of students. The work examines the achievements of some European, American, and Australian universities that pay significant attention to the communicative training of students of veterinary medicine. It is noted that this issue requires a more detailed study in view of insufficient dissemination of positive experience, existing practices and effective models of training veterinarians for professional communication that already exist. It was determined that the most attention is paid to communication between colleagues and management of conflict situations. It was found that communication regarding the treatment plan, work conversations, communication in stressful situations, business and professional communication are included in communicative actions in the work process. It has been studied that foreign institutions of higher education pay equal attention to the development of oral and written communication, which allows future specialists to avoid difficulties when communicating with colleagues and clients. It has been established that role-playing games are considered one of the effective means of forming communication skills of specialists, in particular, communication situations with clients. Scientists will pay much less attention to communication with colleagues and other potential interlocutors. The results of the study will contribute to the discussion of ways to improve the organization and conduct of classes in professional disciplines in domestic institutions of higher education.

The Situation, Characteristics and Countermeasures of Cultural Nihilism Network Communication

The Situation, Characteristics and Countermeasures of Cultural Nihilism Network Communication

ONTOGENETIC AND DISONTOGENETIC ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF PRE-COMMUNICATIVE AND BASIC COMMUNICATIVE SKILLS AND SKILLS IN CHILDREN OF EARLY AGE WITH DEVELOPMENTAL COMPLICATIONS

The scientific article analyzes the structure of communicative activity and its components. Detailed analysis of the latest research and publications on the selected topic has been carried out. The author analyzed the criteria for assessing the normal development of speech at various stages of speech communication. It has been proven that speech is the main means of communication. The following speech functions have been characterized - cognitive, communicative and semantic, and their exceptional importance for the development of a preschooler has been proven. An overview of three stages of speech as a means of communication is made: pre-verbal, the stage of the emergence of speech and the stage of the development of speech communication. The levels of communicative and speech development of a child of early and preschool age have been determined. Communicative motives for the communication situation of a young child are analyzed. The emotional component of children's communication is considered as an incentive to directly master the speech process, as a means of communication. The leading role and types of role of emotional contacts are analyzed. The author's definitions of "pre-communicative abilities and skills", "basic communicative abilities and skills", "children with developmental complications" have been developed and their essence has been revealed. Levels and indicators of normal communicative and speech development are determined. The dysontogenetic aspect of the development of pre-communicative and basic communicative abilities and skills is analyzed. An analysis of the early manifestations of the pathological development of pre-communicative and basic communicative skills was carried out. Variants of communicative behavior disorders of young children with developmental complications are identified.

Генрогенные ситуации (на примере болтовни)

The article deals with genrogenic situations (GgS), i.e. situations marked by speech genres, indicative of the representation of a particular speech genre in a given national culture. The G gS as a cognitive image corresponding to a speech genre in the human mind includes, on the one hand, a set of components of a communication situation, necessary and sufficient for the generation of this genre, and, on the other hand, the memory of the GgS, real or reconstructed (by writers, psychologists), in which this genre was generated and developed. These factors determine the theory and practice of speech genres methodology based on GgS: it, unlike the theory of speech genres in general, has a more distinct applied focus: namely, it is focused on GgS and the compilation of an anthology/encyclopedia of GgS. This technique includes two aspects: firstly, a model according to which GgS are isolated from the speech continuum and systematized (GgS as a model of article structure); secondly, a model according to which speech genres are studied using the material of the GgS and taking into account their characteristics (model of filling the «body» of articles with the material). Much attention is paid to reflection (by communication specialists, word artists, journalists, bloggers) on G gS and genres themselves. The article also considers more general aspects of the GgS, their place in speech genres theory and linguistic pragmatics in general: GgS and the integral description of speech genres, GgS and genre role scenes, G gS and speech genre primary-secondary nature, GgS and the relationship between invariant and prototype approaches to the study of text and genre, GgS and speech genre variantology. As an illustration of the discussed approach the author offers GgS for speech genre boltovnya ‘≈chatter’.

Technology-based interactive communication simulation addressing challenging communication situations for nursing students

BackgroundSimulation-based interventions for nursing students addressing challenging communication situations involving geriatric patients and end-of-life care are limited. PurposeThis study evaluated the effects of technology-based interactive communication simulations on nursing students' communication knowledge, self-efficacy, skills, compassion, and program satisfaction. MethodA randomized controlled repeated-measures design was used with third- and fourth-year nursing students enrolled in five nursing colleges located in five regions in Korea as participants. Participants were randomly assigned to either a technology-based interactive communication simulation or an attention control group. Changes in communication knowledge, self-efficacy, skills, compassion, and program satisfaction were assessed using three self-reported measures and communication skills were measured by the raters. Statistical analyses included descriptive analyses, chi-square tests, t-tests, and a generalized estimating equation model. ResultsEighty students participated in one of the two programs, and 77 in the four-week follow-up test. The intervention group indicated significant improvements in communication knowledge, self-efficacy, skills, and compassion, as well as higher program satisfaction compared with the attention control group. Communication skills as assessed by raters also showed significant change at all assessment time points. ConclusionThe technology-based interactive communication simulation program is effective in improving communication skills among nursing students managing geriatric patients and end-of-life care.

Research on the International Dissemination Path of Chinese Liquor Culture

Liquor culture plays an important role in many countries and regions, and liquor culture plays an important role in Chinese civilization. As one of the iconic name cards of Chinese culture, its international communication also highlights the image of China. As one of the world's six major distilled spirits, Chinese liquor has not been widely recognized internationally. With the further development of new media, the international communication of liquor culture is also facing new tests. This paper will start from the current situation of international communication of Chinese liquor culture, combine the characteristics of international communication of Japanese whisky, and explore the new path of international communication of liquor in the era of new media, so as to promote liquor culture to the international, expand the international market and highlight the image of China.

Hedging as one of Negative Politeness Strategies in German Languaculture

The article deals with the problem of negative politeness and corresponding politeness strategies in German languaculture on the basis of modern fiction and also elaborates on the analysis of linguistic means of implementation of a negative politeness strategy known as hedging.Purpose of research: study of communicative situations in which a threat to the negative face of one of the speakers is present, and a review of politeness strategies that are used in such cases. The negative face means the desire of an interlocutor not to be bothered by others during communication (as an example, a request, an order or advice can damage the negative face of the addressee). Special attention is given to hedging as one of the most commonly used negative politeness strategy.Methods: the practical part of the research is based on a linguacultural analysis of the material.Results: using the analyzed materials we discover language (including grammatical, lexical and phonetical ones) tools and mechanisms that are used to perform such strategies in a speech act and also reasons to use hedges in communication and their functions in it.Conclusion: based on the theoretical, practical materials and the results that have been found in the course of the research we can state the importance of mastering (among all the linguacultural features being one of the key components of acquiring any foreign language on a par with grammar, vocabulary, phonetics etc.) the complex and frequently used for a lot of different communicative purposes phenomena known as hedging – one of the negative politeness strategies, that has quite a unique ways of usage depending on languaculture in question, and thus requiring a more deep and thorough studying in each particular case. The relevance of research of that particular element in the system of negative politeness strategies is due to the fact that while acquiring languages of western Europe (German, English and others – that means languages of cultures of an individualistic type) – an incorrect knowledge of hedging mechanisms can be the cause of problems and failures in communication, because in such cultures that element of communicative politeness has quite an important role (more important that in cultures of collectivist type – i.e. the Russian one and others).

What does linguistic structure tell us about language ideologies?

Abstract This paper examines how bilingual and monolingual German speakers’ language use reflects underlying linguistic ideologies. I present a corpus study on bilingual and monolingual German speakers, focusing on phonological, lexical, and discourse pragmatic features. The data suggest that bilingual speakers use more markers of formal language and fewer markers of informal language in formal communicative situations than monolingual speakers. I argue that this is due to monolingual ideologies and standard language ideologies, particularly influencing these formal settings in bilingual speakers. These ideological patterns may lead to linguistic pressure in bilingual speakers to align with the monolingual majority, a phenomenon related to majority language anxiety. Complementing the corpus analysis, semi-structured interviews with bilingual speakers provide personal insights, further illuminating how linguistic ideologies shape their linguistic choices and social experiences.

Academic register anxiety? – How language ideologies influence university students’ oral participation

Abstract This paper deals with the registers of spoken language in university classes, their prestige, and the language ideologies linked to them. I will show that, due to these ideologies, the academic registers can trigger strong emotions that hinder oral participation. Previous research on language anxiety has revealed that formal situations are an important trigger. Therefore, the academic context is an interesting research site for language or register anxiety, as it offers a range of highly formal communicative situations. Academic language can be conceptualized as a set of distinctive registers that must be acquired by students. However, it is seldom made explicit which linguistic competences are expected and that their acquisition is a process. This might trigger feelings of anxiety in the classroom, especially for students who perceive themselves as not mastering these registers or who have already experienced unbelonging or exclusion due to their linguistic repertoire. Based on qualitative interviews with students from a German university, I will show that proficiency in the academic registers is often perceived as competence and knowledge in the respective discipline. This ideology together with other factors can lead to less or no oral participation in class.

Linguistic and pragmatic aspects of communication in the modern media world

Taking into account the purposeful activity of modern man, his acquisition of huge masses of information during a short period, the communication aspect of communication in the business sphere has gradually turned from a means of enjoyment, length, and unhurried language interaction into a means of accurate, short and simultaneous full communication of a problem, initiative, proposal. Communication pragmatics came to the aid of such language transformations. The article proves that pragmalinguistics studies speech communication as a manifestation of speech activity – purposeful influence on each other (persuasion, persuasion, request for information, etc.) using language. To achieve their communicative goals, depending on the context and situation, their communicative roles, the speaker and the addressee use certain speech acts (written as sentences) corresponding to these goals – stating facts, encouraging action, etc. It is scientifically determined that the emergence of ecolinguistics is due to the need to solve the problems of interaction between language, man and nature. It is indicated that it covers extremely diverse research that reflects the importance of environmental issues in society. The attention paid to issues of environmental protection at all levels of society, and as a result, the relevance of environmental issues, as well as the peculiarities of communication in the field of environmental protection, allow us to distinguish a separate type of discourse - ecological, which is characterized by the constant addition of the ecological glossary, the emergence of special axiological units, the presence of separate status models - role configuration, which determine the use of certain communicative strategies in specific communicative situations. It was highlighted in practice that the main discourse-creating concepts in environmental discourse are environment, pollution, energy, and climate change, which constitute the semantic base of communication in the field of environmental protection.

Second language learning motivation, life-long learning and 21st century skills in today's globalized world: A validation study

Knowledge production in today’s world presupposes skills necessary for successful knowledge construction and knowledge update. Such skills include English as a foreign language (EFL), life-long learning and 21st century skills. This study presents a quantitative pilot study (N=200) that examines the relationship between EFL learning motivation, communication in L1 and L2, some aspects of life-long learning and certain 21st century skills. The paper seeks to explore what this relationship is like and in what way these factors are connected and how they potentially impact one another. The study presents the validation of the instrument used for the research, and reports some of the preliminary findings. Based on the results, it is concluded that the ideal L2 self is a predictor of L2 learning motivation, willingness to use dictionaries and cooperation during EFL classes. The results also indicate that participants exhibit the necessary ICT and L1 skills for their studies of EFL, and positively relate to communicative situations with native and non-native speakers of English.

Pengaruh Bahasa Gaul Terhadap Penggunaan Bahasa Indonesia di Kalangan Gen Z

In this study, quantitative methods using structured questionnaires were used to assess the impact of slang use on good and correct Indonesian use among Generation Z. The study participants consisted of 35 people from Generation Z. Data analysis concluded that although the majority of respondents admitted to using slang in daily life, awareness of the importance of using Indonesian formal language still remained high. The results showed that the use of slang did not have a significant effect on the participants' ability to use Indonesian words accurately. This highlights that although Gen Z generally embraces slang culture, Indonesian is still considered important in the context of communication. Therefore, continuous efforts are needed to encourage the use of Indonesia's official language in various communication situations. Therefore, continuous efforts are needed to encourage the use of Indonesia's official language in various communication situations. A follow-up study examined the impact of slang use on Generation Z's interpersonal and professional communication, and highlighted that although slang has an interesting cultural influence, awareness of formal language use remains relevant.

REFLECTION OF UZBEK-RUSSIAN BILINGUISM IN THE SPEECH OF RESIDENTS OF UZBEKISTAN

This article presents a study on the implementation of Uzbek-Russian bilingualism in the speech of residents of Uzbekistan. The study is based on the analysis of language data collected during a survey of residents of various regions of the country. The article examines the influence of bilingualism on the lexical composition, grammar and structure of utterances of the Uzbek-speaking population who use Russian in everyday communication. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms of language switching and the influence of context on the choice of language in specific communication situations. The results obtained allow us to better understand the dynamics of the use of two languages in the multilingual society of Uzbekistan and deepen knowledge about the language practice of the country's residents.