Communication Plan Research Articles

Crisis Communication and its Impact on Stakeholder Trust in Ghana

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the crisis communication and its impact on stakeholder trust in Ghana. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: In Ghana's financial sector, effective crisis communication is essential for maintaining stakeholder trust. Transparent and timely information helps preserve confidence, while delayed or inadequate communication can harm trust and damage reputations. Studies suggest that comprehensive crisis communication plans are crucial for Ghanaian financial institutions to protect stakeholder trust during crises. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Situational crisis communication theory, image repair theory & social exchange theory may be used to anchor future studies on recommend PR practitioners should prioritize rapid and transparent communication with stakeholders during a crisis, as delays or perceived dishonesty can severely damage trust. Governments and regulatory bodies should introduce guidelines and regulations for organizations on crisis communication best practices, particularly focusing on the timely release of accurate information during crises.

Clarification and development of advanced practice roles in a Swiss French university hospital: an action research study

BackgroundThe evolving healthcare landscape emphasizes the need for health systems to adapt to growing complexities, with new models of care enabling healthcare providers to optimize their scope of practice and coordination of care. Despite increasing interest in advanced practice, confusion persists regarding the roles and scopes of practice of healthcare providers, exacerbated by variations in regulations and titles. We sought to clarify the differences between specialized healthcare professionals, practitioners, and clinical specialists; to describe their roles; and to propose initiatives aimed at supporting the implementation of advanced practice within a university hospital.MethodsAn action research design was conducted in a Swiss university hospital by the deputy healthcare director, five clinical specialists, one nurse practitioner, one nurse specialist, and six managers. A multimethod approach was used to generate data, which included a literature review, meeting minutes, unstructured interviews, and a questionnaire assessing healthcare providers’ perceptions about the clinical specialist role. Semi-structured interviews and a group interview with nursing leaders from Swiss hospitals were conducted to understand their use of clinical roles at the advanced level. Unstructured interviews were reduced and organized into categories. Survey data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, and an inductive content analysis method was used for semi-structured interviews and the group interview.ResultsManagers and healthcare providers shared a vision of clinical specialists’ activities but emphasized the lack of clarity surrounding these functions. Role clarity was emphasized as crucial for sustainability of advanced practice. A model that defined healthcare specialist, practitioner, and clinical specialist roles was developed. It included title standardization, use of an implementation strategy, creation of a tool to facilitate profile selection, and implementation of a communication plan. Further initiatives aimed to enhance training funding, establish regulations, and optimize advanced practice implementation and governance within the hospital.ConclusionsThe study results encourage clarification of clinical roles to facilitate their implementation and optimize resources. They also suggest initiatives to support advanced practice implementation, such as a communication plan and an implementation strategy, reflection on the current governance model, and integration of advanced practice providers. Ongoing efforts involve collaboration with academics, managers, and discussions at the political level.

Enterprise Content Management in Cultural Heritage Institutions: A Study of Sharjah (United Arab Emirates) Landscape

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to chart the landscape of digital content management processes in heritage institutions in the United Arab Emirates in order to determine their state, characteristics, and the roles they play in strengthening the presence of heritage in the digital world. It also aims to investigate policies, plans, systems, and projects required before presenting recommendations to rectify any lacunae. Design: The study uses the descriptive analytical approach to investigate the state of digital content management in Heritage Institutions using a checklist as the main data collection instrument. Findings: The study's conclusions revealed the need for clear, written strategies for content management. The majority of the institutions do not have written policies, and they operate following tacit unwritten policies leading to a negative impact on their communication processes, performance, operations, goals, plans, services, and sustainability of their work. The study recommends among others the need for institutions to formulate a clear, written strategy for digital content management, to develop policies related to content management, and to conduct periodic evaluations of the existing system using indicators, statistics, feedback, and surveys of stakeholders. Originality/value: This is the first study to address digital content management in heritage institutions in the United Arab Emirates. It is likely to influence digital content management practices as well as inform future policies, strategies and plans thereof. Received: 15 November 2024 / Accepted: 4 January 2025 / Published: 21 January 2025

The impact of cross disciplinary communication methods on the support needs, quality of life, and emotions of patients with advanced lung cancer

Background: The condition of advanced lung cancer patients is already quite severe. At this stage, the tumor has basically spread to other areas or caused multiple recurrent lesions, which not only increases the difficulty of treatment but also leads to a significant decrease in disease control rate. Aim: To analyze the impact of cross disciplinary communication methods on patients with advanced lung cancer. Methods: A comparative study involving 152 advanced lung cancer patients from January 2022 to January 2024 was conducted. Patients were randomly divided into an observation group (73 cases, using interdisciplinary communication) and a control group (79 cases, using routine nursing). An interdisciplinary team, including nurses, physicians, head nurses, and psychology experts, developed communication plans. The study compared emotional states (DASS-21), supportive care needs (SCNS-SF34), disease uncertainty (MUIS), quality of life (FACT-L), and compliance between the two groups. The study's limitation is the relatively single sample selection, potentially affecting result generalizability. Result: After intervention, the DASS-21 score, SCNS-SF34 score, and MUIS score in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, while the FACT-L score was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05); the good compliance rate of the observation group was 97.26% (71/73), which was higher than that of the control group (86.08% (68/79) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: For patients with advanced lung cancer, adopting cross disciplinary communication for intervention can not only effectively alleviate their negative emotions and reduce their sense of disease uncertainty, but also maximize the satisfaction of their supportive care needs, ensure their quality of life, and to some extent, obtain good cooperation from patients.

Integrating Risk Management and Communication Strategies in Technical Research Programs to Secure High-Value Investments

Securing high-value investments, such as large-scale research grants, requires a strategic approach that integrates effective risk management and communication strategies. In the context of technical research programs, where complexity, uncertainty, and innovation are central, these elements play a crucial role in ensuring success and sustainability. This paper proposes a framework that combines risk assessment with targeted stakeholder engagement to enhance the likelihood of securing substantial funding. The framework emphasizes the identification, analysis, and mitigation of risks, particularly those related to technological feasibility, project timelines, and financial sustainability. It also underscores the importance of proactive communication with stakeholders, including funding agencies, researchers, and external collaborators, to foster trust and align expectations. The proposed framework begins with a comprehensive risk assessment phase, where potential risks are identified and categorized based on their impact on the program's objectives. These risks include technological challenges, regulatory issues, market uncertainties, and internal resource constraints. Once identified, the framework suggests the implementation of mitigation strategies, such as adopting flexible project timelines, securing backup funding sources, and leveraging partnerships with industry leaders. The integration of real-time monitoring tools and adaptive risk management protocols ensures that potential issues are addressed promptly throughout the program lifecycle. Equally important is the communication strategy, which aims to build and maintain strong relationships with stakeholders through transparent, timely, and targeted communication. By aligning the research program's objectives with the priorities and concerns of funding bodies, the framework increases the likelihood of receiving large-scale grants. The communication plan also addresses how to demonstrate the program’s potential impact, progress, and risk mitigation efforts effectively to secure continuous funding. Ultimately, this integrated approach strengthens the competitiveness of technical research programs and enhances their ability to attract high-value investments. The paper concludes by discussing the framework’s potential applications across various technical research sectors, including healthcare, energy, and engineering. Keywords: Risk Management, Communication Strategy, Technical Research Programs, Stakeholder Engagement, High-Value Investments, Grant Securing, Risk Mitigation, Funding Strategy.

Citizen Worry and Adherence in Response to Government Restrictions in Switzerland During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Repeated Cross-Sectional Online Surveys.

Good communication between health authorities and citizens is crucial for adherence to preventive measures during a pandemic. Crisis communication often appeals to worries about negative consequences for oneself or others. While worry can motivate protective behavior, it can also be overwhelming and lead to irrational choices or become a mental health problem. Also, the levels and consequences of worry can differ between different groups of citizens. Little is known about the evolution of worries during the pandemic and adherence to measures in distinct groups. This study aimed to evaluate worries in the Swiss population as well as associations between worry levels and citizens' adherence to government restrictions during different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. We carried out an observational study with 4 cross-sectional online surveys of adults in the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland. Questionnaires were distributed through social media and websites during 4 periods: survey 1: April 17 to May 14, 2020; survey 2: May 15 to June 22, 2020; survey 3: October 30 to December 12, 2020; and survey 4: June 18 to December 30, 2021. On visual analog scales from 0 to 100, participants reported worry, self-adherence to pandemic restrictions, and their perceived adherence to others. We used multivariable linear regression, adjusting for age, gender, health literacy, and education to assess associations between self-reported worry, adherence, and study periods. We collected 7106 responses. After excluding 2377 questionnaires (incomplete, age <18 years, residence outside Vaud), 4729 (66.55%) were analyzed (mean age 47, SD 15.6 years, 63.96% women). Mean worry across the 4 periods was 42/100, significantly higher in women (44.25/100, vs 37.98/100; P<.001) and young people (43.77/100 in those aged 18-39 years, vs 41.69/100; P=.005; in those aged 40-64 years and 39.16/100; P=.002; in those aged >64 years). Worries were higher during survey 1 and survey 3 (52.41/100 and 56.32/100 vs 38.93/100, P<.001; and 35.71/100, P<.001) than during survey 2 and survey 4, respectively. This corresponds to pandemic peaks during which federal restrictions were better followed with self-reported adherence of 84.80/100 and 89.59/100 in survey 1 and survey 3 versus 78.69/100 (P<.001) and 78.64/100 (P<.001) in survey 2 and survey 4. A 2.9-point increase in worry score, adjusted for the pandemic period, gender, age, education, and health literacy, was associated with a 10-point increase in personal adherence score (95% CI 2.5-3.2; P<.001). Worries were higher in women, young people, and during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Higher worry levels were associated with increased self-reported adherence to federal restrictions. Authorities should consider population worry levels and population subgroups in the planning and design of pandemic communication.

Risk communication strategies in the tourism industry in disaster prone areas

Abstract Indonesia as the third most disaster-prone country in the world. This is due to the frequency with which natural disasters occur in Indonesia. Crisis management and disaster mitigation will be one of the policy orientations for developing tourism and the creative economy in 2023, with the objective of strengthening the contribution of tourism and the creative economy to national economic resilience. Several tourism managers in areas prone to natural disasters do have not an understanding of the communication risks involved in mitigating potential natural disaster threats. The objective of this qualitative descriptive research is to identify a risk communication strategy for the tourism industry in disaster-prone areas. The perception of fundamental risk determines the risk communication strategy. This article utilizes the pre-disaster phase of the disaster management cycle in the ‘Principles of Emergency Planning and Management’ to develop a risk communication strategy for the tourism industry in disaster-prone areas. The article findings identified a six-step risk communication strategy for the tourism industry in disaster-prone areas: conducting a situation analysis by examining the potential based on the geographical conditions of the tourist area; identifying potential risks based on stakeholders; developing a risk communication plan for each potential risk that is divided into internal and external communication; and establishing a crisis communications team.

Strategic Management in the Anti-Crisis Regulation of the Organization's Activities

The necessity for efficient anti-crisis solutions in organisational management has increased due to the growing complexity and unpredictability of global economic and social systems. The importance of strategic management in handling crises and guaranteeing the long-term viability of organisational activities is examined in this article. In order to handle disruptions, reduce risks, and regain stability, it places a strong emphasis on integrating strategic frameworks with crisis response procedures. The creation of early warning systems, risk assessment techniques, and adaptive decision-making procedures are important areas of concentration. The study emphasizes how crucial it is to match strategic objectives with crisis management programs in order to promote resilience and preserve competitiveness. In order to maximize the organization's capacity to handle emergencies, it examines useful strategies such stakeholder communication, resource reallocation, and scenario planning. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of leadership in fostering innovation, leveraging technology breakthroughs, and developing an agile organizational culture. The results show how strategic management may turn crises into chances for development and innovation, offering practical advice to policymakers and business executives. Organizations may reduce immediate risks and create a strong basis for long-term success in an increasingly unpredictable world by taking a proactive and methodical approach.

Healthcare System Adaptation Strategies in Response to Pandemics: Case Studies from Global Perspectives

The COVID-19 pandemic was unprecedented in the global health care systems, and this led to various responses from health systems in various countries. This article focuses on the case of China, Italy, the United States, and India to analyze their reactions and find out the best strategies of the healthcare system. The measures taken by China include quick lockdowns and the development of healthcare infrastructure, while the measures taken by Italy include the reliance on NGO support and regional interventions, the United States’ economic relief measures and vaccine development, and India’s strategic planning and resource mobilization. The comparative analysis shows that the main priorities in the fight against pandemics are the timely intervention, the availability of healthcare, communication, and cooperation with other countries. The implications of these findings suggest that policymakers should pay special attention to the healthcare system’s capacity and readiness. These include increasing the number of ICU beds, increasing the stock of PPEs, and having effective public health communication plans. The future research should be directed toward the consequences of pandemics, the efficacy of different interventions, and the use of technology in the healthcare system.

A Look at the Transformational Leadership and Strategic Communication towards Madani Ummah

Malaysia Madani, a political slogan termed by the current premiership, Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim on January 19th, 2023, who wish to promote the six core values of socio-economic-politics concerns: Sustainability, Prosperity, Innovation, Respect, Trust, and Care and Compassion, hence will ultimately produce Madani Ummah or Madani Society. Today, in a multi-religion country like Malaysia, the concept of Madani has been re-popularised in the political stage with the ultimate purpose of creating a good-will living, civilized in which various human rights are fulfilled, appreciated, and respected in life both for the Muslims and Non-Muslims. Towards achieving these objectives, the roles of strategic communicator as liaison between the government and its citizens are crucial. This paper aims to understand the roles of strategic communicator in propagating the concept of Madani and to materialise the establishment of Madani Ummah. This paper has also utilised the Transformational Leadership theory as the base of theoretical framework of research which suggest that effective leaders can bring major changes to the organisation they lead and motivate the subordinate to support the vision, and in this context refer to the government of Malaysia. This conceptual paper employs literature review through secondary material as the methodology. This study revealed that the strategic communication is a very important stepping stone for any governmental effort particularly in educating the citizens on the public policies and governmental planning. This study also highlighted the significant roles strategic communicator plays for instance the leadership through example, inclusive communication plan and being optimistic, as well as the involvement of every layer of the Malaysian citizens, not only to know, understand, but also support the mission planned by the leading team of the day for a long-term accomplishment. Apparently, the afore-mentioned theory explains well on the important elements needed for any organisational setting to make positive changes.

Using SEM Model for Fighting Diabetes: Strategic Communication Plan in Jakarta City, Indonesia

Diabetes mellitus is a significant public health issue, with Jakarta, Indonesia, facing the highest prevalence in the country. The need for effective health campaigns is urgent, especially with Indonesia ranking sixth globally in diabetes-related deaths. Despite existing government efforts, a lack of awareness and understanding of diabetes remains a key factor in the rising number of cases. This highlights the need for an effective strategic communication plan to address diabetes prevention in Jakarta. This study aims to design a strategic communication plan using the Socio-Ecological Model (SEM) to combat diabetes in Jakarta, integrating proactive and reactive strategies through a media network approach. A qualitative research supported by a questionnaire without statistical testing was used, involving interviews with health professionals and diabetes patients. Data from literature studies were also analyzed to inform the campaign framework. The study highlights the importance of proactive strategies, such as mass media and social media activation, along with reactive strategies using fear-based messaging. A media network strategy utilizing QR codes for easy access to information was also found to be effective. A comprehensive communication strategy, engaging the government, local communities, and media, is essential in addressing the diabetes crisis in Jakarta. Further studies should assess the effectiveness of this communication plan and explore its scalability to other regions with high diabetes prevalence, focusing on long-term health outcomes. Keywords: Anti-diabetes campaign, communication in healthcare, propaganda PR strategy, socio-ecological model, strategic communication plan.

Public Relations and Startups in Andalusia

Effective PR management is considered essential in the first years of a startup's life, as it contributes to its viability and sustainability through strategic communication planning. The overall objective of this study is to analyze the startup landscape in Andalusia, Spain, with a special focus on the Public Relations (PR) strategies of women-led companies. Secondary objectives include: 1) To identify trends in female entrepreneurship in Andalusia and their relationship with PR; 2) To analyze the professional profile of women in PR roles in Andalusian startups; and 3) To propose communication strategies aimed at attracting clients and investors. The methodology combines a systematic literature review and a bibliometric analysis with data from Web of Science and VOSviewer, together with a questionnaire applied to 31 Andalusian startups. This approach allowed to analyse patterns in PR management and female representation. The findings show an increase in citations of articles on female entrepreneurship, highlighting the provinces of Malaga and Seville, which account for 61% of entrepreneurial initiatives in the region. Improving policies in these areas could boost businesses performance and the growth of new companies. In addition, the results reveal a growth in female leadership, although it still faces challenges, such as under-representation in senior positions. Key strategies include the use of social media, educational content and collaborations with influencers, which are essential to improve visibility and attract investors. This study highlights the need to strengthen PR in startups, professionalise its management and promote female leadership to foster sustainability and competitiveness in a dynamic environment.

Roraima desconhecida

The author, a professor of the "Ecole des Hauts Études", of Paris, and of the "Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia" of Rio de Janeiro, gives a report of the two geomorphologic expeditions that he has undertaken for the "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia", through the northeast of the Territory of Rio Branco, Brazil. The first expedition took place in 1954, and the second in 1955. The region explored is situated approximately between 3° 40' and 4° 40', north latitude, and 59° 30' and 61° 30', west longitude. This territory is bounded on the northeast by Venezuela, and, on the southeast, it reaches the British Guiana border. The zone thus delimited includes not only the southern end of the sandstone tableland located at south of Mt. Roraima, an extremely mountainous region, but also, to the south, plain situated at north of the characteristic elbows formed by the two rivers. Tucutu and Uraricuera, just before they join their waters to become the White River (Rio Branco). There, we can find the most important passageways through the mountains to Venezuela, on one border, and to the British Guiana, on the other. The author describes the physical features of the country and its structure. The research was planned having in view full application of the geomorphologic science. The first chapters refer to the organizations of the expeditions and to his plans of work. This is followed by a report of essential scientific results. Finally, the connections of the physical background and the natural resources with the possibilities of their utilization are studied. aiming at orienting the colonization and the communication plans.

COMMUNICATION PROGRAM PLANNING STUDY: THE EFFECT OF THE USE OF CHATGPT ON EDUCATION TO ENCOURAGE RESPONSIBLE AND ETHICAL LIFELONG LEARNING

Technology, which continues to develop along with the advancement of science, plays a key role in improving the understanding of science in education. Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing a key role in the transformation of education, and ChatGPT, as a generative language model, opens up new opportunities for innovative learning experiences. The determination of strategies in communication planning is always related to the elements of communication. The purpose of this study is to find out how the role of Communication Program Planning Studies has the Influence of the Use of ChatGPT on Education to Encourage Responsible and Ethical Lifelong Learning. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative method. The data used is secondary data, the researcher uses 16 articles and appropriate books as a reference in writing scientific papers. The results of this study show that the presence of ChatGPT is the result of the implementation of communication program planning that has received a positive response from various circles, namely students, students, and educators.

Taking Action to Support Nursing Home Resident Wellbeing: Perspectives of U.S. Nursing Home Staff During COVID-19.

COVID-19 negatively influenced resident wellbeing in nursing homes (NHs). We examine perceptions and experiences of U.S. NH staff during the COVID-19 pandemic regarding resident wellbeing. We sampled 68 NHs (out of 13,423) in strata defined by quality ratings, urban/rural location, and whether they served a resident population of <70% White. We enrolled 10 NHs and interviewed 11 nursing staff (8 certified nursing assistants/aides, 3 registered or licensed practical/vocational nurses), 12 managerial staff (4 administrators, 8 Directors of Nursing), and 5 infection preventionists. Thematic analysis identified themes related to challenges of quarantine/isolation, attempted solutions, and lessons learned concerning resident wellbeing. NH managerial, infection prevention and nursing staff described how COVID-19 policies contributed to increased resident loneliness and declines in physical and cognitive wellbeing. Solutions/strategies employed across the U.S. and in low-and high-quality NHs included proactive mental health support, resident-centered family visitation, increased communication and care planning with families and efforts to maintain resident normalcy. Strategies to mitigate and alleviate concerns with resident wellbeing were both structural and made via staff choices. NH leadership needs to proactively plan how to adapt processes and structures that prioritize resident wellbeing along with resident care in times of crisis. Research is needed to outline the planning, implementation, and recommendations required to operationalize these strategies into practice. Determining the most effective ways to implement these structural changes within NH practices and workflows is critical to ensure that staff have sufficient time to spend with residents.

The English Speaking Achievement Test for Japanese Junior High School Students (ESAT-J): An Analysis of Public Criticisms Using the Socio-Cognitive Framework

ABSTRACT The English Speaking Achievement Test for Japanese Junior High School Students (ESAT-J) was introduced to contribute to levelling up public English education in Tokyo in 2022. Critics, however, have made claims in the mass media against the use of the test and stakeholder groups have called for its cancellation. This paper presents an analysis of the criticisms using a recent version of the socio-cognitive framework. The analysis reveals that criticisms concern the Development, Measurement, Theory-of-Action (TOA), and Communication Arguments to differing degrees. In particularly, this study highlights the necessity of developing concrete TOA and Communication Plans to guide development and implementation of reform-based tests.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION: PROPOSAL OF A STRATEGIC PLANNING FOR INTERNAL COMMUNICATION IN EMBRAPA'S LEGAL ADVISORY

Playing a fundamental role within organizations, Mendonça (2024) points out that the legal department is seen as an essential element both for corporate structuring and for responding to demands of an administrative and judicial nature, with a direct influence on the strategic planning to be adopted by companies. Regarding its daily activities, communication is a challenging process for the legal universe, requiring efforts to ensure that the message transmitted is understood by its recipient, regardless of the type of audience they are in. Given the importance of communication to the legal universe, this article aims to outline a strategic plan that proposes to innovate the internal communication of the Legal Advisory of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa, with the application of the Five-V tool. The theoretical framework used was based on the studies of Taran, et al. (2016), which proposes the innovation of the business model for an organization. The research methodology is descriptive, inductive, exploratory and bibliographic. The research highlights the importance of implementing a strategic internal communication plan, using the Five-V tool as support. This planning contributes to the improvement and innovation of the legal department's operating model in the organization studied, strengthening the effectiveness and alignment of legal activities with corporate objectives.

Entrepreneurship Culture in Secondary Education in Bisha Province: Reality and Hope

The study aimed to develop a proposed vision for the possibility of spreading the culture of entrepreneurship in secondary education among students in Bisha Governorate. The current study used the descriptive approach, as it is one of the most appropriate research approaches to the nature of the study and its objectives, by presenting previous studies related to the subject of the study, and monitoring the reality of secondary education in Bisha Governorate and the extent of its suitability for the requirements of entrepreneurship (projects). The research reached a set of results and recommendations, which are as follows: Including entrepreneurship education in secondary education through the following areas Mission, vision, objectives and guiding principles: The mission, vision and objectives of secondary education should be clear. And linked to the vision of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2030, and the objectives must be linked to achievable performance indicators in the context of annual or semi-annual objectives , and in order to achieve unified results, a strategy must be adopted. Entrepreneurship Education: A Gradual Model for Integrating Entrepreneurship into Secondary Education The strategy should also highlight the methodology of interventions, i.e. how the implementation of entrepreneurship education will evolve and progress from mere interventions in the curricula to specialized tracks in secondary education , the need to take into account the approved financial budgets and the ability of stakeholders to implement within a realistic time frame , the strategy should also include the funding and budget requirements necessary for its implementation and clarify best practices , and that funding for entrepreneurship education should come from various relevant sources within the country, and there must be an effective communication plan in the strategy aimed at raising awareness about the importance of entrepreneurship education and gaining community support. In addition, the communication and outreach plan should aim to ensure that stakeholders are informed and knowledgeable about specific policies, strategies and initiatives , and the strategy should include monitoring and evaluation methodologies to obtain valuable intelligence and anticipate future strategies and action plans aimed at promoting entrepreneurship education. Therefore, it is essential that the strategy includes short- and long-term key performance indicators and objectives that measure the impact of each intervention as well as monitoring the effectiveness of its implementation by stakeholders.

Use of Three-Dimensional (3D) Airway Modeling and Virtual Reality for Diagnosis, Communication, and Surgical Planning of Complex Airway Stenosis.

We hypothesized that a method to segment human airways from clinical cases and import them into a case presentation environment in Virtual Reality (VR)could be developed to model and visualize complex airway stenosis for efficient surgical planning. One normal and two pathological airways modeled from CT scans at a slice thickness of 0.625 mm were processed. A multidisciplinary team composed of airway surgeons, VR engineers, educators, and radiologists collaborated to create a clinically relevant VR rendering and explanatory Narrations of the three clinical cases. Segmentation and postprocessing were completed in the Mimics Innovation Suite v24 from Materialize. Structures were segmented from the level of bifurcation of common carotid arteries to the level of bifurcation of the main bronchi, including cartilaginous and bony airway structures, vessels, and soft tissues. They were then postprocessed into 3D image volumes and imported into syGlass (IstoVisio Inc.), a VR software. Direct visualization and free manipulation of these 3D airway models within the VR environment provided improved geometrical and anatomical details compared to traditional two-dimensional (2D) CT. Then, specialized presentation and active learning tools developed for scientific communication using the VR environment permitted the creation of VR Narrations to explain pathological cases. The method to segment human airways from clinical cases used in this paper, combined with intuitive VR tools to overlay segmentation and image data in an active learning environment, shows potential in the use of 3D airway modeling and VR in clinical practice for the description and surgical planning of complex airways. Further work is needed to validate the use of these models in clinical practice and patient education. Level 4.

Disaster Preparedness Intervention for Older Adults (Seniors' Positive Involvement in Community Emergencies): Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Study.

Older adults comprise a substantial proportion of the US population requiring support during disaster events. Previous research demonstrates that older adults are resilient but deficient in disaster preparedness and lacking in community engagement. There is a gap in high-quality research in this area. This study aims to fill this gap by developing a 4-phase intervention to improve mobility and balance, decrease fall risks (mitigation), increase knowledge of disaster preparedness (preparedness), improve community emergency operation plans (response), and improve self-efficacy in disaster recovery (recovery) for older adults. This is a community-based, 10-month study in a large Midwestern urban and suburban location targeting community-dwelling older adults. The 4 phases of interventions address mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery-aspects improving outcomes from disaster events. In total, 4 to 6 one-hour seminars each month are provided to community-dwelling older adults to improve disaster preparedness and recovery planning. A critical incident packet with resources on essential information such as medications, a communication plan, evacuation resources, and supplies was started and is being reviewed. Preintervention surveys are orally given, with research assistants aiding in any difficulties the participants have. After the surveys, 2 individual 20-minute presentations separated by a short break for snacks and initial completion of their disaster plan preserve the older adult's attention. Mitigation efforts to improve mobility and safety are offered with 10 visits to the older adults' residences, adapting physical activity and balance exercises to the individual's needs. To address response needs, the emergency operations plans for 2 of the major cities are being amended for specific functional needs and access guidelines. Measurements include accelerometers to assess improvement in mobility, fall risk assessments, an abbreviated Federal Emergency Management Association Household Survey, an assessment for disaster engagement with partners tool, a brief pain inventory assessment, and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. We analyze data descriptively and compare pre- and postintervention data for each phase with paired-samples t test and other nonparametric techniques (proportion tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests). Overarching objectives prioritized during this intervention include underscoring respect for the experience and resilience found in older adults and engaging them in specialized roles to support their communities during disaster events. The intervention was funded in July 2023; enrollment began in November 2023 and is continuing. We will conclude data collection by July 2025. Published study results can be expected in early 2025. With improved disaster preparedness, mobility, recovery planning, and inclusion as a resource in community disasters, older adults are expected to be safer and be able to age in place. If successful, future studies will focus on outreach and sustainability. This study will serve as a model for older adult disaster preparedness and community involvement. DERR1-10.2196/58895.