Development Of Communication Infrastructure Research Articles

Is there an agglomeration economy in Eastern Russia?

ABSTRACT This analysis has disproved the widespread opinion that, in Eastern Russia, where the settlement structure and transport network are less dense, agglomeration effects are either absent or negligible. Econometric estimates have revealed a significant contribution of agglomeration economies to the efficiency of companies mainly in the southern regions. However, for a substantial part of Eastern Russia, agglomeration effects are insignificant and for some territories they are negative. The manifestation of agglomeration effects depends neither on the density of economic activity nor on the development of communication infrastructure. Lack of cooperation between local producers hinders the realisation of existing agglomeration potential in Eastern Russia.

Subaltern perspectives of developing communication campaigns: Re-examining the culture-centered approach in addressing health disparities

ABSTRACT A central component of the culture-centered approach is the co-development of communication infrastructures for health and wellbeing within subaltern communities. However, there is an absence in the representation of these infrastructures in esteemed journals. This is problematic for illuminating the tensions and complexities in bringing theory into practice from the perspective of community members. This study draws from two culture-centered projects to explore how communities make sense of the process of participating in building interventions, comprising 119 initial in-depth interviews with residents, 10 community advisory board focus groups, and 21 evaluative interviews. The residents’ narratives reveal a relationship between subalternity and distrust toward interventions delivered by providers outside of their community, emphasizing the need to create spaces of listening that anchor community relationships. The formation of relationships was crucial to the development of communication infrastructures, which continued beyond the study. The contributions to intercultural and international communication are discussed.

Communications Infrastructure, Technological Solutionism and the International Legal Imagination

This article considers the role played by communications infrastructure within the international legal imagination. It engages with contemporary debates regarding the power of corporate digital platforms and their model of information capitalism. An international legal historical perspective is adopted in order to contextualise international law’s present infrastructural turn and connect current debates over big tech with their precursors. The history of international legal engagement with the development of communications infrastructure reveals a recurring pattern of looking to technological infrastructure for solutions to global problems. This can act to empower private actors and contribute to an ongoing absence of meaningful international legal regulation of communications. The contemporary interest in infrastructure, and its implications in terms of fostering the private power of big tech over global communications, is in many ways a return. But it could also take account of alternative visions for international law which were present at key moments during the League of Nations era and the Cold War. Connecting current debates with those earlier moments in international legal history can help to highlight and counter continuing patterns of technological solutionism within the international legal imagination.

Determinants of intra‐COMESA trade in services

AbstractThis paper analyzes intra‐Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) trade in services by establishing its determinants and exploring the role of trade facilitation on the same. The study relies on the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimator of the gravity model on bilateral services trade data for total services and eight categories of services in 17 COMESA countries from 2005 to 2019. Results reveal that several factors determine intra‐COMESA services trade, the salient ones being GDP (exporter's and importer's), distance, contiguity, and time zone differences. Trading under a service‐specific trade agreement affects a few services: transport and other business services exports. The effect is positive for transport services and negative for other business services exports. Trade facilitation measures, especially broadband technologies, significantly improve services trade across various sectors. A key policy implication of our results is that service trade is more likely to grow through digital, information, and communication infrastructure development. Thus, policy should prioritize increasing access and usage of broadband technologies.

Development of Transportation and Communication Infrastructure of Bagalkot District

Empirical evidence showed that basic infrastructure very much important in development of economic activities and This paper explored the Transportation and Communication Infrastructure development in Bagalkot district with the help of Secondary data from 2010 to 2013. In this paper we considered two phenomena these are, Transportation Infrastructure Indicators like Road Length, Railway Length, No. of Vehicles, Bridges. Second, Communication Infrastructure like No. of Post Offices, No. of Telephone Exchange and No. of Telephones. The results show that Transportation and Communication was insufficient development in study area. So, The local government will take some necessary actions and make development policies towards developing basic infrastructure in Bagalkot district. Overall once the basic infrastructure foundation is strong, development is not only easily attainable but it is also continuous, stable, quantitative and qualitative.

Designing an integrated blockchain-enabled supply chain network under uncertainty

With the development of communication infrastructure, the design of supply chains has changed significantly. Blockchain technology, as one of the most cutting-edge technologies, can promote transparency among members of the supply chain network. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that tries to develop a novel bi-objective optimization model to integrate the transparency resulting from the use of blockchain for designing a three-level supply chain network. The first objective function is to minimize total cost while the second objective function seeks to maximize transparency based on the application of blockchain technology. Moreover, it is worth noting that it is the first attempt to investigate the role of a blockchain model under stochastic conditions. The bi-objectiveness and stochastic nature of the proposed model are then treated using Fuzzy Goal Programming (FGP) and Chance-Constrained programming (CCP) approaches, respectively. To tackle the problem, an improved Branch and Efficiency (B&E) algorithm is developed by incorporating transparency along with cost and service. The impacts of blockchain exclusively through transparency (Case 1) or through transparency, cost, and benefits (Case 2) in Supply Chain Design (SCD) are compared. The results demonstrated that the first case has less computational complexity and better scalability, while the second case has more transparency, less congestion, and more security. As one of the main implications, supply chain managers who are focused on cost minimization as well as transparency maximization are advised to take into account the trade-off between featuring costs and benefits of blockchain technology.

Analisis PDRB 34 Provinsi di Indonesia Pada Masa Pemerintahan Presiden Joko Widodo


 
 
 
 This study is intended to analyze the direct influence of education, labor, information and communication technology development index (ICT-DI), and domestic investment (DI) on the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) of 34 provinces in Indonesia during the government period. President Joko Widodo. This study uses secondary data in the form of panel data, 2015-2020, using the variables of average length of school, working population, information and communication technology development index (ICT-DI), and domestic investment (DI). The analytical method used is Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The results showed that education and manpower had a significant effect on the GRDP of 34 provinces in Indonesia, while the ICT development index and DI did not significantly affect the GRDP of 34 provinces in Indonesia. For this reason, the government should be able to intensify the development of communication infrastructure and provide various trainings, especially for residents in archipelagic provinces, so that the value of ICT-DI can be increased. and also the government to get domestic investment as much as possible can be maximized again because, high and stable DI can help Indonesia in economic development.
 
 
 

Adaptation and application of the IEEE 2413-2019 standard security mechanisms to IoMT systems

Healthcare information systems are evolving from traditional centralised architectures towards highly-mobile distributed environments within the connected health context. The IoMT paradigm is at the forefront of this technological revolution underlying the development of communication infrastructures connecting smart medical devices, healthcare information systems and services. The IEEE 2413 standard, a promising general architectural framework for the design and implementation of IoT systems, has recently been announced. This standard proposes a general description for different types of domains, including healthcare, but it does not contain an extension developed for the IoMT systems domain. This paper presents a first approach to adapt the IEEE 2413 standard to the design of IoMT systems from a security perspective, considering the most relevant aspects of the standard for the construction of this type of systems. The application to an IoMT system for monitoring patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is presented as a use case.

Extended Residential Power Management Interface for Flexibility Communication and Uncertainty Reduction for Flexibility System Operators

The high importance of demand-side management for the stability of future smart grids came into focus years ago and is today undisputed among a wide spectrum of energy market participants, and within the research community. The increasing development of communication infrastructure, in tandem with the rising transparency of power grids, supports the efforts for deploying demand-side management applications. While it is then accepted that demand-side management will yield positive contributions, it remains challenging to identify, communicate, and access available flexibility to the flexibility managers. The knowledge about the system potential is essential to determine impacts of control and adjustment signals, and employ temporarily required demand-side flexibility to ensure power grid stability. The aim of this article is to introduce a methodology to determine and communicate local flexibility potential of end-user energy systems to flexibility managers for short-term access. The presented approach achieves a reliable calculation of flexibility, a standardized data aggregation, and a secure communication. With integration into an existing system architecture, the general applicability is outlined with a use case scenario for one end-user energy system. The approach yields a transparent short-term flexibility potential within the flexibility operator system.

E-commerce and the development of communication infrastructure in Poland

The development of information and communication technologies in recent years has had a huge impact on the interaction between companies and customers. Internet technologies and mobile communication are becoming increasingly important. This development brought about such concepts as e-commerce and, more broadly, e-business. The aim of the article is to show the impact of the development of communications infrastructure, in particular the availability and bandwidth of the Internet, on the development of e-commerce.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ РЕГІОНАЛЬНИХ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ СИСТЕМ В УМОВАХ КРЕАТИВНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

The article examines the peculiarities of digitalization of regional economic systems. The directions of development of digital technologies in Ukraine and the world are highlighted. The state of digital technologies in Ukraine and EU countries is analyzed in some aspects. Factors restraining thedevelopment of digital technologies in regional economic systems are identified. Features of the development of digital systems in the conditions of the creative economy were formed. It has been established that two main approaches to the role of digitization in industrial production are distinguishedin the global aspect. Certain features of digital systems were singled out. It is justified that digitalization processes are developing most actively in such areas as e-business infrastructure, information and communication technologies, e-business, e-commerce, and online sales.It has been proven that the development of communication infrastructure leads to an increase in the population's accessibility to such services. The development of electronic commerce became the important aspect that contributed to these processes. Internet technologies are developing not only inthe field of production and construction, but also in the field of services, education, and government institutions, which require more and more traffic.Today, Ukraine is characterized by inequality in digital development between the center and the periphery. It is worth realizing that inequality in the digitalization of regional economic systems is a problem for the entire country, since the population that is outside the digital space does not participatein economic relations, thereby limiting its potential.In the future, the introduction of digital technologies will occur not only at the level of global networks, but also at the level of the use of artificial intelligence in everyday life and production processes.The era of smart houses, industries and cities will become a reality.The peculiarities of business processes under the condition of their digitization in the creative economy are highlighted. Directions for promoting the development of digital technologies during the period of post-war economic recovery are proposed. The main approaches to stimulating digitalizationof regional economic systems were substantiated.

Implementation of a Policer-Based Control Loop For The Dynamic Resource Allocation of a Software-Defined Communication Infrastructure

The use of solutions based on the principles of virtualization is designed to increase the efficiency of using the communication infrastructure due to the dynamic distribution of existing communication and computing resources between their virtual components. The software management of the communication infrastructure components opens up opportunities for applying new approaches to solving the currently very urgent problem of ensuring the required Quality of Service. Taking into account the current trends in the development of communication infrastructures and means of their automation, it seems relevant to build systems that implement a closed cycle of communication infrastructure resource management based on traditional and promising tools for monitoring and managing QoS and studying its behavior. Closing the control loop is achieved by implementing a control script that automatically responds to changes in the transmitted data and makes decisions about changing the current configuration of network devices. One of the approaches to building a closed control loop is to change the physical bandwidth of a virtual communication channel depending on the intensity of its resource use. The paper considers an example of the implementation of a closed control loop based on the rules of the policy for limiting the rate of sending packets of heterogeneous traffic and compares the approach of dynamic bandwidth redistribution with traditional approaches.

РАЗВИТИЕ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА И СНИЖЕНИЕ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫХ РИСКОВ ТОМСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

The article substantiates the relevance of the topic, taking into account the global areas of work designated by the President of the Russian Federation. The special role of regional authorities in creating conditions for a favorable investment climate was noted. The analysis of the current state of the Tomsk region’s investment attractiveness is carried out; the potentials and risks of the region are determined. We have identified the “weaknesses” or the risks for attracting investment to the Tomsk region, namely: - infrastructural risk: low density of transport infrastructure, uneven development of communication infrastructure, deterioration of the communal infrastructure; and also the small volume of the intraregional market. The legal support of investment activity is considered in detail, including federal and regional aspects. The characteristic of the “basic” and “special” regional laws, regulating investment activities in the region, is given. The forms and mechanisms of state support for investors in the Tomsk region are presented, including subsidies and tax incentives for investors, the provision of land plots with infrastructure for the placement of investment projects, the functioning of the infrastructure for supporting entrepreneurship, a simplified form of land provision (for rent without tenders), the procedure for assessing the regulatory impact of regulatory legal acts affecting business issues, etc. The directions for the development of federal and regional legislation in order to improve the investment climate are outlined, including decriminalization of certain acts; systematization and consolidation of uniform rules for the introduction, change and collection of non-tax payments from entrepreneurs; “prevention, not punishment”; introduction of long-term tariff setting; simplification of the PPP (public-private partnership) mechanism and concessions for infrastructure projects; formation of legislation for the “digital Economy”; formation of legislation for development in the areas of the National Technology Initiative. At the end of the article, well-founded conclusions are made and proposals are made to increase the investment potential and reduce investment risks.

Regional problems in managing communications infrastructure in the digital economy

The research delves into the regional problems of public administration of communications infrastructure. In the context of the digital industry, it serves as the crucial factor in accelerating the socio-economic development of Russia and its regions and promotes the integrity of the Russian Federation’s economic space. The methodological basis includes the studies of Russian and foreign scholars on problems in managing communications infrastructure, information and communications technologies, the RF digital economy in general and its regions in particular. The authors apply the methods of analysis and synthesis, mathematical statistics and economic positioning of regions. The research results demonstrate the state of the industry in Russian regions: abundance and application of fixed assets, which allows assessing if they are in a plentiful or limited supply; availability of communication services; development of information and communications technologies in the industry. The authors perform the positioning of the RF subjects in the coordination system: abundance of fixed assets in the communication industry, their application – availability of information and communications technologies in the communication industry – availability of communication. This makes it possible to establish the targets for improving the system’s management in a particular region. The paper identifies the restrictions hampering the development of communications infrastructure: territorial digital inequality; poor availability of communication services for remote territories; low level of scientific and technical progress, insufficient introduction of Internet services. The research proposes the public administration tools to neutralize these restrictions. The results can be used to develop an effective public system of communications infrastructure management at regional level amid digital transformation.

Feasibility Analysis of the Application of Project Loon as an Equitable Effort for Communication Infrastructure Development in Indonesia

In Indonesia, 72.41% of urban residents can surf in cyberspace. Meanwhile, in rural-urban areas or areas between villages and cities, only 49.5% are connected to the internet. While in rural or rural areas only 48.3% are connected to the internet. By region, the composition of the largest internet users is on Java, which is 58.1%. After that in Sumatra with composition of 19% and Kalimantan 8%. While the other regions, namely Sulawesi, Bali-Nusa Tenggara, and Maluku-Papua, the composition is 6.7%, 5.6%, and 2.5% respectively. To overcome this problem, several efforts have been made to equalize internet access in Indonesia, and one of the efforts offered by Google companies is (Project Loon) which is a communication technology based on Hight Altitude Platform (HAPs). Based on this, it is necessary to analyze the feasibility of the Project Loon so that there is no overlap and regulatory errors in its implementation. In conducting a feasibility analysis, the Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) method is used to measure the feasibility of Project Loons in terms of frequency management by observing the potential frequencies available in Indonesia and the regulations currently available. So that it can be obtained a conclusion that the Project Loon allows it to be applied in Indonesia, but it requires regulations that regulate it mainly in terms of frequency.

Analysis of the road traffic management system in the neural network development perspective

The research goal of the paper is to present the issues connected with road traffic management systems and to illustrate a management system that uses Intelligent Transportation Systems and neural networks. The use of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is a method of improving the conditions of communications, making it independent from the development of communications infrastructure. The attributes of neural networks are focused on solving the problems of optimisation, which involve the development of optimal strategies for traffic management. The proposed road traffic management system that uses ITS and neural networks can be applied in prediction of the conditions of communications in road traffic management.The paper presents the results of qualitative research carried out in the aspect of traffic volume forecasting on selected national roads, supported by a scientific search and discourse on logistic aspects of traffic management, with particular emphasis on Intelligent Transport Systems, in order to verify the effectiveness of the implementation of neural networks. The above mentioned issues are extremely important due to the necessity of knowing the expected load of routes. Traffic fluctuations related to factors such as time, traffic, road architecture and capacity utilization are important elements of traffic intensity. The study served to verify the effectiveness of four independent neural networks, forecasting the traffic volume, for seven days of the week, at particular time points. Empirical data utilised in presented qualitative research was derived from motion sensors, installed on selected national roads, at specific time intervals. It enabled prospects for the development of neural networks to be determined in a model perspective, constituting a set of artificial intelligence methods, in the context of vehicle traffic volume, which is characterised by certain repetitive regularities. The author's model of introducing an algorithm based on neural networks in application to measurements performed in transport in terms of quality, quantity and methods of data acquisition affects into the presented results. Different systems have been analyzed that are used to obtain data for modeling. As a result of various doubts, system maladjustments or excessive costs, alternative solutions have been proposed that can eliminate the presented problems. Solutions have been proposed that limit some of the problems reported by the authors in this regard. The presented research results justified the use of neural networks in measurements in transport. The results of the measurements were obtained in accordance with the actual observations and compared with the results of other systems. The authors analyze further required work and the possibilities of improving the solutions used

Modelling Cyber Attacks on Electricity Market Using Mathematical Programming With Equilibrium Constraints

With the development of communication infrastructure in smart grids, cyber security reinforcement has become one of the most challenging issues for power system operators. In this paper, an attacker is considered a participant in the virtual bidding procedure in the day-ahead (DA) and real-time (RT) electricity markets to maximize its profit. The cyber attacker attempts to identify the optimal power system measurements to attack along with the false data injected into measurement devices. Towards the maximum profit, the attacker needs to specify the relation between manipulated meters, virtual power traded in the markets, and electricity prices. Meanwhile, to avoid being detected by the system operator, the attacker considers the physical power system constraints existing in the DA and RT markets. Then, a bi-level optimization model is presented which combines the real electricity market state variables with the attacker decision-variables. Using the mathematical problem with equilibrium constraints, the presented bi-level model is converted into a single level optimization problem and the optimal decision variables for the attacker are obtained. Finally, simulation results are provided to demonstrate the performance of the attacker, which also provides insights for security improvement.

Marketing Relations and Communication Infrastructure Development in the Banking Sector Based on Big Data Mining

Purpose: The article aims to study the methodological tools for applying the technologies of intellectual analysis of big data in the modern digital space, the further implementation of which can become the basis for the marketing relations concept implementation in the banking sector of the Russian Federation‘ economy. Structure/Methodology/Approach: For the marketing relations development in the banking sector in the digital economy, it seems necessary: firstly, to identify the opportunities and advantages of the big data mining in banking marketing; secondly, to identify the sources and methods of processing big data; thirdly, to study the examples of the big data mining successful use by Russian banks and to formulate the recommendations on the big data technologies implementation in the digital marketing banking strategy. Findings: The authors‘ analysis showed that big data technologies processing of open online and offline sources of information significantly increases the data amount available for intelligent analysis, as a result of which the interaction between the bank and the target client reaches a new level of partnership. Practical Implications: Conclusions and generalizations of the study can be applied in the practice of managing financial institutions. The results of the study can be used by bank management to form a digital marketing strategy for long-term communication. Originality/Value: The main contribution of this study is that the authors have identified the main directions of using big data in relationship marketing to generate additional profit, as well as the possibility of intellectual analysis of the client base, aimed at expanding the market share and retaining customers in the banking sector of the economy.

Los "efectos estructurantes" del transporte: mito político, mistificación científica

Beginning with the industrial revolution during the 19th century, the rhetoric of “impact” and the “induced effect” of transportation on urban planning and development has continuously accompanied the development of communication infrastructures. However, a demonstration of the validity of this relationship has yet to be produced. Evaluating the influence of the operational implementation of a particular kind of equipment on the economics of a territory poses enormous methodological problems. Even the most rigorous empirical studies can only be used to confirm the amplification and acceleration of pre-existing tendencies. The persistence of the myth of “structuring effects” can in fact be explained by the political utilization of the notion for decision-making and in evaluation procedures at the outset of important urban projects.

A Model of OFDM based Maritime VHF Communication System for Data Exchange

Abstract In the maritime Very High Frequency (VHF) band, there are no systems for transmitting large amounts of data. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new systems that would modernize the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), significantly relieve the Automatic Identification System’s (AIS) communication channels, and set guidelines for the development of communication infrastructure of the e-Navigation. In line with this, analytical and simulation models of the maritime VHF data transmission communication system using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation are worked out in this paper. The achieved data rate, the spectral efficiency and the bit error rate (BER) represent validation parameters on which the results of the analytical and simulation models are evaluated. It is concluded that the application of the digital OFDM modulation in the maritime VHF band may improve the GMDSS system by achieving higher data rates compared to the current terrestrial mandatory systems for data exchange, i.e. Digital Selective Calling (DSC) and AIS.