WSN Communication Research Articles

Authentication and overhearing to prevent internal and external attacks in WSN

Wireless Sensor Networks are usually the assortation of sensors, which are versatile in sensing the data based on multihued exertions. The cardinal bulge with the sensor networks is its dispersed nature. Since they are spread over, they sense and forward data from their dispersed areas. They consume high energy resources and vulnerable to various attacks. To prevail this bulge, source identity (signature) based authentication scheme is proposed on ECC to prevent external attacks and a neighbor monitoring scheme is proposed by overhearing to prevent internal attacks. Now the cardinal strike with the sensor networks are its bounded energy resources, they have a very limited / less energy resources, they cannot have a hefty application assignment. To prevail this strike and to improve the energy efficiency, a low energy consumption MAC protocol is acquainted called the IEEE 802.15.4 / ZigBee standards un the MAC layer, through which the data forwarding among the networks devours very low energy when compared to all other traditional methods. The main objective of the proposed work is to perform broadcast after authentication, to prevent resource consuming attacks through authentication externally and to construct a monitoring table for each node by overhearing and detecting them based on their activities if they are malicious to provide internal security to the network. The proposed work attains a minimal energy wastage along with security integrated in WSN communication. The ratio of efficiency comparisons of the broadcasting authentication scheme and monitoring scheme for the traditional and the proposed works for the factors secure authentication / monitoring and energy consumption is resulted to be as 7:2. Thus the proposed system has a higher endorsed based on the generated results.

Nonlinear Modeling and Analysis of WSN Node Localization Method

In this paper, node localization algorithms in wireless sensor networks are researched, the traditional algorithms are studied, and some meaningful results are obtained. For the localization algorithm and route planning of WSN exists a big localization error in wireless communication. WSN communication system is researched. According to the anchor nodes and unknown nodes, a new localization algorithm and route planning method of WSN are proposed in this paper. At the same time, a new genetic algorithm of route planning of WSN is proposed. The performance of the node density and localization error is simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the performance of proposed WSN localization algorithm and route planning method are better than the traditional algorithms.

CLIF: Cross-Layer Interactive Framework for Enhancing Network Lifetime and Communication in WSN

CLIF: Cross-Layer Interactive Framework for Enhancing Network Lifetime and Communication in WSN

Protocol Design for Secure Communication in WSN

Wireless sensor networks are widely used in military applications, monitoring of environmental information, health, domestic, and industrial applications. Despite of these wide usages, the main problem of this kind of topologies is the increasing security needs. This paper has been targeted to develop a novel message identity validation protocol in WSN to provide secure data identity in order to decrease some security threads. Introduced protocol also includes key distribution, node identification, sensitivity mechanisms, to strengthen the introduced method. Moreover, there is also repeated symmetrical key update mechanism without the need to synchronization. Finally, the developed protocol has also been tested in terms of various network parameters.

MTKD: An Algorithm for Multi-Tier Key Distribution for Securing Group Communication in WSN

<p>Security is one of the inherent challenges in the area of wireless sensor network. At present, majoroty of the security algorithm are incorporated with massive iterations of cryptography as well as complex mathematical modelling that result in degradation of quality of service. The present paper takes the case study of group communication in wireless sensor network and introduces a significant protocol that assist in generation of joint key with an aid of unique and lightweight cryptography. The outcome of the study was compared with the most significant and standard work of group communication to find that proposed system is in adherence of time and space complexity.</p>

Fuzzy based Hierachical Unequal Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks

Objectives: Sensor nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks are battery powered and non rechargeable, and hence in most of the real time applications energy consumption is a major problem. The lifetime of the network also depends upon the energy consumption model which may affect the entire performance of the networks. The main aim of the proposed Hierarchical Unequal Clustering Fuzzy Algorithm (HUCFA) is to reduce the energy consumption of over all networks. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Clustering is an important technique used for energy efficient data communication in WSN. Fuzzy logic is applied in the proposed algorithm to choose the cluster head, which enhances the energy efficiency. To choose a better cluster head, the characteristics of the nodes are taken as input for fuzzy inference system. Based on the fuzzy rules, best nodes are selected as cluster heads. Fuzzy Logic Toolbox in Matlab R2010a is utilized for the simulation. Findings: Total Energy Consumption of the network (TEC) in HUCFA is 7.05% less when compared to LEACH. Standard deviation of energy distribution among all the clusters in the HUCFA is 10.46% less than that of LEACH protocol and 0.79% less than Hierarchical Unequal Clustering Algorithm. Application/Improvements: The proposed HUCFA using Fuzzy Logic is found to be better and more energy efficient for the applications involving low powered sensor nodes which is proved through simulation results.

A Fuzzy Based Energy-aware Clustering Architecture for Cooperative Communication in WSN

A Fuzzy Based Energy-aware Clustering Architecture for Cooperative Communication in WSN

A Genetic Improved Parametric Clustering to Optimize WSN Communication

A Genetic Improved Parametric Clustering to Optimize WSN Communication

Mathematical Model of Security Framework for Routing Layer Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

Most of the environmental and non-attended applications of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN's) need mobile sensor nodes. However, mobility of sensor nodes increases security issues in WSNs and it's also vulnerable to various kinds of attacks. Dynamic WSN emerges two most common issues related to the authentication of moving sensor nodes and security in communication and key distribution. After possible movement of sensor node requires authenticating again and again from the base station or some other trusted nodes. Similarly, confidentiality in communication and key distribution is an important factor against man-in-middle type of attacks. Till the day most of the WSN's security researchers concentrate on the static environment. Though there schemes are secure and efficient but not sufficient to secure mobile WSN's environment. In this paper we have proposed a novel protocol framework and related mathematical model for secure routing layer communication and key distribution in mobile WSN's. After that we apply this model for performance evaluation on the basis of static as well as dynamic scenario for different number of nodes which shows that our framework is satisfactorily suitable for dynamic WSNs applications.

Mixed and Continuous Strategy Monitor-Forward Game Based Selective Forwarding Solution in WSN

Wireless sensor networks are often deployed in unattended and hostile environments. Due to the resource limitations and multihop communication in WSN, selective forwarding attacks launched by compromised insider nodes are a serious threat. A trust-based scheme for identifying and isolating malicious nodes is proposed and a mixed strategy and a continuous strategy Monitor-Forward game between the sender node and its one-hop neighboring node is constructed to mitigate the selective dropping attacks in WSN. The continuous game will mitigate false positives on packet dropping detection on unreliable wireless communication channel. Simulation results demonstrate that continuous Monitor-Forward game based selective forwarding solution is an efficient approach to identifying the selective forwarding attacks in WSN.

FPGA-Based Dual-Probabilities CSMA/CA Control System Design

This paper presents a protocol to improve traditional CSMA protocol: DP-CSMA/CA protocol. In this paper, it is used in the design of WSN communication system based on FPGA. By using the method of the averaging period, we give the throughput parameters of this improved system. Simulation results confirmed that the DP-CSMA/CA protocol improves the system performance. The FPGA design is also effective to improve the performance of module in WSN. We completed the design of system based on DP-CSMA with FPGA. The test results show that: throughput are improved, packet collision is reduced, and channel utilization is improved in different load. This system has the features of simple circuit, high reliability, and programmable upgraded.

Energy-Efficiency of Cooperative Communication with Guaranteed E2E Reliability in WSNs

This paper addresses the energy efficiency of cooperative communication in WSN. We first establish the energy model of single-hop WSN. It is found that the cooperative communication is more suitable for harsh transmission environment with long-haul distance. The energy consumption per bit is numerically minimized by finding the optimal broadcasting BER and the number of cooperative nodes. Then, we expand the conclusion to the multihop scenario where “energy hole” dominates the longevity of WSN. To mitigate the energy consumption in the hotspots, as well as to keep the promised reliability, we adjust the transmission BER of the clusters according to the hops between the sink and cluster. On one hand, the statistical reliability is met. On the other hand, the energy consumed is converted from the nearer cluster (from the sink) to the farther ones. The network lifetime is thus optimized.

Enhanced RSACRT for Energy Efficient Authentication to Wireless Sensor Networks Security

Problem statement: The Security in WSN has become a challenge because of its inherent limitations of resources imposed on the sensor nodes. Authentication and key management scheme allows WSNs to be used with confidence and maintains integrity of data in sensor networks. Approach: In the WSN limited resource scenario the generation of public key done and are randomly pre distributed while deploying the sensor nodes. Since the sensor nodes are limited by energy it needs to concentrate on fast decryption and verification of message. In order to enable the fast decryption we have proposed a novel method which uses three algorithms hybrid to achieve the increase in decryption speed which in turn reduces the energy used for computation and enhances its performance compared with the existing authentication using classical RSA algorithm. Results: The proposed Enhanced Variant of RSA with CRT using Garner’s algorithm to achieve fast decryption speed and provides better performance when compared to the existing RSA. The private key is generated and passed so that the receiver node need not generate it which consumes more computational cost, power and memory at the decryption stage. Also we have done the signing and verification which avoids the message spoofing attack and enable message confidentiality. Further the ERSACRT is designed to counter measure to few attacks possible on RSA. We implemented the ERSACRT in java and tested for system parameters like memory, time, speed and efficiency and compared with that of RSA. Conclusion/Recommendation: The proposed algorithm ERSACRT is efficient and secured along with improved counter measures for secured communication in WSN with reduced energy and computational time.

Privacy Notions and Review of Privacy Preservation Mechanisms in Wireless Sensor Networks

The current research work in wireless sensor networks has mostly focused on the resolving issues related to power consumption and computational resource constraints in the wireless sensor networks .To achieve the same various specific routing schemes ,MAC and cross layered protocols and techniques have been proposed and designed .But with recent advances the privacy issues related to the data collected and transmitted by the wireless sensor networks had taken the center stage .Privacy preservation in wireless sensor networks has become more challenging because of the wireless nature of communication in WSN as well as its self organizing architecture. The present paper provides a comparative review of various privacy preserving mechanisms proposed and implemented in wireless sensor networks with respect to the privacy notions of k- anonymity and L-diversity. Along with the discussion and analysis the present work is an effort for the pavement of a way towards the future research in the field of privacy preservation in WSN.

Power-aware agent-solution for information communication in WSN

The information-communication in an energy efficient and scalable manner in a wireless sensor network is a basic need. In this work, we use the multi-agent approach in order to build an Information Importance Based Communication (IIBC) for large scale wireless sensor network data processing. A multi-agent cooperation can be used to greatly reduce the communication cost, especially over low bandwidth links, by treating data cooperatively in sensor nodes rather than bringing this data to a central processor. The principal goal of our proposition is to maximize the wireless sensor network life time and simultaneously to insure a sufficient level of performance in term of latency, packet loss and reliability. Through successive simulations, IIBC proved its ability to reduce the power consumption of the sensor node to maximize "the mean time to first network partition" in several network densities and scales.

Multimedia communication in wireless sensor networks

The technological advances in Micro ElectroMechanical Systems (Mems) and wireless communications have enabled the realization of wireless sensor networks (Wsn) comprised of large number of low-cost, low-power, multifunctional sensor nodes. These tiny sensor nodes communicate in short distances and collaboratively work toward fulfilling the application specific objectives ofWsn. However, realization of wide range of envisionedWsn applications necessitates effective communication protocols which can address the unique challenges posed by theWsn paradigm. Since many of these envisioned applications may also involve in collecting information in the form of multimedia such as audio, image, and video; additional challenges due to the unique requirements of multimedia delivery overWsn, e.g., diverse reliability requirements, time constraints, high bandwidth demands, must be addressed as well. Thus far, vast majority of the research efforts has been focused on addressing the problems of conventional data communication inWsn. Therefore, there exists an urgent need for research on the problems of multimedia communication inWsn. In this paper, a survey of the research challenges and the current status of the literature on the multimedia communication inWsn is presented. More specifically, the multimediaWsn applications, factors influencing multimedia delivery overWsn, currently proposed solutions in application, transport, and network layers, are pointed out along with their shortcomings and open research issues.