Communication Education Research Articles

Immersive gaze sharing for enhancing education: An exploration of user experience and future directions

Gaze sharing (GS) technology enhances communication between human interlocutors. Essentially, GS consists of sharing information regarding one's visual attention with another person, by automatically marking one's current point of interest on a digital display. The benefits of this technology for education have been demonstrated by researchers. However, since most GS systems relay gaze information using flat monitors, they impede natural communication between interlocutors who are co-located (as glancing at the display diverts their attention from the physical space). Acknowledging this limitation, immersive gaze sharing (IGS) systems have been recently developed. IGS systems utilize the power of Extended Reality (XR) technology to superimpose gaze information directly onto one's visual environment, and are therefore a promising tool for enhancing human communication in education. Currently, we know little regarding how users experience IGS, to guide its development. To bridge this gap, we have executed an exploratory user study of IGS with learners and instructors, using Mixed Reality (MR) technology. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of users' feedback and behavior has shed light on the differences between instructors and learners in terms of their needs, abilities and preferences. On this basis, guidelines for developing IGS systems are proposed, towards their integration into our future educational practices.

VaxBot-HPV: A GPT-based Chatbot for Answering HPV Vaccine-related Questions.

HPV vaccine is an effective measure to prevent and control the diseases caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV). This study addresses the development of VaxBot-HPV, a chatbot aimed at improving health literacy and promoting vaccination uptake by providing information and answering questions about the HPV vaccine. We constructed the knowledge base (KB) for VaxBot-HPV, which consists of 451 documents from biomedical literature and web sources on the HPV vaccine. We extracted 202 question-answer pairs from the KB and 39 questions generated by GPT-4 for training and testing purposes. To comprehensively understand the capabilities and potential of GPT-based chatbots, three models were involved in this study : GPT-3.5, VaxBot-HPV, and GPT-4. The evaluation criteria included answer relevancy and faithfulness. VaxBot-HPV demonstrated superior performance in answer relevancy and faithfulness compared to baselines (Answer relevancy: 0.85; Faithfulness: 0.97) for the test questions in KB, (Answer relevancy: 0.85; Faithfulness: 0.96) for GPT generated questions. This study underscores the importance of leveraging advanced language models and fine-tuning techniques in the development of chatbots for healthcare applications, with implications for improving medical education and public health communication.

Impact of internet contact on the ideological and mental health education of university students

In the Internet era, the communication environment of university students’ ideological and mental health education (IMHE) has become more complex. Few studies have focused on the communication effect of Internet contact on the IMHE of university students. This study adopts a questionnaire survey method to explore Internet contact and IMHE of 2294 university students. The study found that Internet was the most important information source for university students. Nearly half of the university students spent 2–5 hours online per day for entertainment or fragmented learning. Educational films, communication and discussion, and classroom teaching were the three most popular forms of IMHE for university students, while comments on current events, psychological counseling, and national policies and regulations were the three favorite contents. Internet contact during (ICD) had significant impacts on the cognitive and behavioral communication effect of IMHE among Chinese university students. The emotional dimension had the best communication effect, followed by behavior and will, and finally the cognitive dimension. After conducting IMHE, university students had stronger emotional management abilities and were more optimistic. This finding suggested that when developing and implementing IMHE intervention for university students in schools, special attention should be paid to the impact of ICD differences on the communication effect of IMHE, especially cognitive communication needed improvement.

The Evolving Context of MAID-Related Communications for Registered Nurses in Canada.

Since legalization of Medical Assistance in Dying in Canada in 2016, nurses are increasingly faced with new and evolving communication challenges as patients in a diversity of settings and contexts contemplate their end-of-life options. The purposes of this study were: 1) to develop an understanding of the nuances and challenges associated with MAID-related communication from the perspective of registered nurses, and 2) to draw on the insights arising from this analysis to reflect on the evolution of MAID communication for nurses over time. This study represented a secondary analysis of two primary qualitative data sets, including: 74 interviews of Canadian registered nurses self-identifying as having some exposure to MAID in their clinical practice; and 47 narrative reflections volunteered by respondents to questions posed in an online MAID reflective guide for nurses. Nurses described evolving complexities associated with introducing and engaging with the topic of MAID with their patients, helping patients navigate access to MAID assessment, managing family and community dynamics associated with opinions and beliefs surrounding MAID, supporting patients in their planning toward a MAID death, and being there for patients and their families in the moment of MAID. MAID communication is highly complex, individualized, and context-specific. It is apparent that many nurses have developed an impressive degree of comfort and skill around navigating its nuances within a rapidly evolving legislative context. It is also apparent that dedicated basic and continuing MAID communication education will warranted for registered nurses in all health care settings.

Bridging the generational gap between nurses and nurse managers: a qualitative study from Qatar

BackgroundThe nursing workforce comprises multiple generations, each with unique values, beliefs, and expectations that can influence communication, work ethic, and professional relationships. In Qatar, the generational gap between nurses and nurse managers poses challenges to effective communication and teamwork, impacting job satisfaction and patient outcomes.AimThis study investigates the generational gap between nurses and nurse managers in Qatar, aiming to identify strategies to enhance collaboration and create a positive work environment.MethodsA qualitative research design was used, involving semi-structured interviews with 20 participants, including frontline nurses and senior nurse managers. Participants were purposively sampled to represent different generations. Data were collected through face-to-face and virtual interviews, then transcribed and thematically analyzed.FindingsFour key themes emerged: Optimizing the Work Environment: Older generations preferred transformational and situational leadership, while younger nurses valued respect, teamwork, accountability, and professionalism. Strengthening Work Atmosphere through Communication and values: Older nurses favored face-to-face communication, while younger nurses preferred digital tools. Cultivating Respect and Empathy: Younger nurses emphasized fairness in assignments and promotions, while older nurses focused on empathy and understanding. Dynamic Enhancement of Healthcare Systems: Younger nurses were more adaptable to technology and professional development, while older nurses prioritized clinical care and patient outcomes.ConclusionThe study reveals significant generational differences in leadership preferences, communication styles, and adaptability to technology. Addressing these gaps through effective leadership, ongoing education, and open communication can improve job satisfaction and patient care.

Using ClassDojo in Elementary Physical Education

This article introduces a unique application, ClassDojo, that can be easily used in elementary classrooms, including physical education classes. Specifically, it describes the three features that are most relevant to class management, assessment, and communication in physical education. This application can enrich physical educators’ repertoire of teaching strategies and bring about quality student learning outcomes.

Strategi Komunikasi Pendidikan untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Pendidikan di Era Gen Z

This study discusses educational communication strategies to improve the quality of education in the Generation Z era, which requires a communication approach that suits the unique characteristics influenced by technology. Using a qualitative approach and literature analysis, the research aims to identify effective educational communication strategies for Generation Z. Key findings include visual preferences, personalization, interactivity, problem-based learning, immersive technology, digital mentoring, flexibility, and social responsibility. Recommended strategies include visual content, adaptive learning, online discussions, VR/AR, digital mentoring, mobile learning, social projects, gamification, and multi-platform communication. It is important to understand the characteristics of Generation Z and adapt in relevant and effective ways, as well as create education that is technologically advanced and of great value. Implementation suggestions include digital teacher training, online cultural diplomacy, and educational media policies. This research provides valuable guidance for the development of educational strategies that suit the needs of Z Generation.

Невопрошающее молчание студентов как коммуникативная неудача: причины явления и способы преодоления

The article considers one of the types of communicative failure often found in pedagogical practice – the absence of questions from students in situations, implying, demanding, or disposing of them. The author, relying on pragmalinguistics and the theory of dialogue, proposed a definition of this kind of communicative failure, called unquestioning silence, as the non-meeting of the consciousnesses of participants in educational communication (student-student, student-teacher) in the event of questioning. 6 reasons for such a non-meeting are highlighted: 1) a state of epistemological concern; 2) a tendency to epistemic egoism in its extreme version; 3) fear or unwillingness to take risks; 4) recognition of the practice of questioning as hierarchical; 5) disinterest in Another, as in homo cogitans; 6) poor development of the technique and culture of questioning. The suspicion of academic disciplines in inefficiency is particularly considered in the context of the paradigm "life as a continuous business project." A behavior model focused on this paradigm assumes, in particular, the assessment of an activity as profitable and profitable for personal and professional development (now or potentially, but preferably in the shortest possible time). Questioning as a tool of cognition, self-knowledge, and reflection is a natural and necessary form of activity for mastering the content of the discipline. The initial prejudice or the conviction formed during training that a certain discipline is ineffective for personal and professional development leads to the recognition of many types of educational interaction as ineffective, including asking, which usually requires significant cognitive efforts, interest, and attention from the student, which from the point of view of using resources in such an economic-oriented attitude (moreover, negative or indifferent) to the subject seems irrational. A possible programminimum of actions is indicated to develop the ability to ask questions. Its invariant part boils down to such operations as developing an interest in Another as a cognizing subject, searching for or choosing a questioning partner, studying typologies of questions, mastering them and practicing them frequently, examining the heuristic potential of questions, and establishing a dictionary of successful, skillful, deep questions. It is emphasized that the culture of questioning should be improved by both sides of the educational process: students and the teacher.

Barriers to Communication in Undergraduate Medical Education: Perspectives of Students From Karnataka, India.

Background Communication barriers in medical education can impede learning. Understanding these barriers from students' perspectives is crucial for developing effective solutions. The objectives of this study were to identify the barriers to communication in undergraduate medical education and their solutions from students' perspectives as well as to determine the demographic factors associated with these barriers. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2018 to July 2019 among undergraduate students at a medical college in Karnataka. Using a stratified sampling method, data was collected from 400 students via a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, and logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between demographic factors and barriers to communication. Results Students identified several communication barriers, primarily in the domains of language, environment, psychology, and teacher-related issues. Key barriers in theory classes included the use of medical jargon, overcrowding, faulty microphones, absent-mindedness, peer pressure, fast-paced teaching, monotonous sessions, and information overload. In practical classes, barriers were overcrowding, absent-mindedness, and fast-paced teaching, and for clinical case discussions, barriers included difficulty understanding the local language, overcrowding, and leg pain. Proposed solutions by students for theory classes included simpler explanations, smaller batches, microphone maintenance, interactive lectures, and breaks between classes. For practical classes, solutions were smaller practical batches, interactive sessions, and simpler explanations of topics, while for case discussion, solutions included optional local language classes, smaller groups, and better seating arrangements. Conclusion This study highlights key communication barriers in medical education and underscores the influence of demographic factors such as gender and academic year. The solutions proposed by the students are practical and could enhance communication and the overall educational experience if implemented in medical colleges across India.

For Whom the Note Scrolls: A Brief History of the Medical Record's Role in Education and the Risks It Faces in the Age of OpenNotes.

Dating back to ancient civilizations when records were carefully transcribed onto papyrus, clinical documentation has long served as a cornerstone of medical-and especially neurologic-education. From the case histories of Hippocrates to the diurnal patient logs used by trainees in the 18th and 19th centuries, clinical notes have an extended history as invaluable instruments of pedagogy, scholarly practice, and interprofessional communication. The novel paradigm introduced by Lawrence Weed in the 1950s, advocating for the problem-oriented medical record system, revolutionized the clinical note template and emphasized the need for physicians' carefully considered analyses of a patient's presentation to be clearly reflected in well-organized documentation. In the realm of medical records today, however, a profound shift is underway, largely propelled by the emergence of electronic medical records, the OpenNotes mandate of the federal 21st Century Cures Act, and, most recently, artificial intelligence (AI). Appropriately, patients now have full access to their medical records, but this raises critical questions. Should clinical notes now prioritize patient comprehension over their traditional role as educational instruments, aide-mémoire, and repositories of detailed assessments and insights? What role, if any, should AI have in the creation of physician notes and patient-facing clinical documents? These tensions underscore the delicate balance between transparency and the preservation of notes' clinical integrity and analytical depth. As we navigate the path forward, finding an equilibrium between openness and the continued utility of medical records as tools for education and professional communication will be imperative.

Issues and Challenges of Qualitative Research Methods Education in Communication

Issues and Challenges of Qualitative Research Methods Education in Communication

Cultural Influences on the Receipt of Breast Reconstruction: a Scoping Review.

Post-mastectomy breast reconstruction can provide breast cancer patients with lasting psychosocial, functional, and body image benefits. While sociodemographic factors affecting the receipt of breast reconstruction have been well studied, the cultural factors influencing patients' decisions to undergo breast reconstruction remain unclear. There are currently no reviews on cultural factors influencing breast reconstruction decision-making. This scoping review aimed to broadly evaluate the current literature on cultural factors that influence the receipt of breast reconstruction in breast cancer patients who have undergone mastectomies. A combination of keywords and subject headings was used to search for articles related to breast reconstruction and decision-making. Databases were searched from inception to November 20, 2023. Screening was performed according to PRISMA-ScR guidelines and quantitative studies examining the receipt of breast reconstruction in breast cancer patients following mastectomy were evaluated for inclusion. Of the 4,520 studies that underwent screening, 61 studies were included in the final review. The majority of studies included in the review were retrospective studies and studies in the United States. Included studies were evaluated for cultural influences on the receipt of breast reconstruction. Six themes emerged across the included studies: race and ethnicity, language and communication barriers, education and literacy, cultural competency, patient perceptions, and family and relationships. In addition to well-established influences on breast reconstruction like race and ethnicity, this review broadly identified additional cultural factors that influence patients' decisions to undergo breast reconstruction.

STRATEGIES FOR INCLUSIVE EDUCATION AND INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN PRIMARY SCHOOL

This academic article delves into the realm of inclusive education and intercultural communication within the context of elementary schools. The study sheds light on the crucial role of culturally sensitive teaching and intercultural training, while also recognizing the challenges confronted by elementary educators, such as inadequate training, limited resources, and handling large class sizes. To enhance inclusive education and intercultural communication, this paper recommends targeted strategies, including fostering collaborative co-teaching partnerships between primary and resource teachers.

Pedagogical agents communicating and scaffolding students' learning: High school teachers' and students' perspectives

Pedagogical agents (PAs) communicate verbally and non-verbally with students in digital and virtual reality/augmented reality learning environments. PAs have been shown to be beneficial for learning, and generative artificial intelligence, such as large language models, can improve PAs' communication abilities significantly. K-12 education is underrepresented in learning technology research and teachers' and students' insights have not been considered when developing PA communication. The current study addresses this research gap by conducting and analyzing semi-structured, in-depth interviews with eleven high school teachers and sixteen high school students about their expectations for PAs' communication capabilities. The interviewees identified relational and task-related communication capabilities that a PA should perform to communicate effectively with students and scaffold their learning. PA communication that is simultaneously affirmative and relational can induce immediacy, foster the relationship and engagement with a PA, and support students' learning management. Additionally, the teachers and students described the activities and technological aspects that should be considered when designing conversational PAs. The study showed that teachers and students applied human-to-human communication scripts when outlining their desired PA communication characteristics. The study offers novel insights and recommendations to researchers and developers on the communicational, pedagogical, and technological aspects that must be considered when designing communicative PAs that scaffold students’ learning, and discusses the contributions on human–machine communication in education.

Study on the Construction and Communication of China's Vocational Education Brand in Africa from the Perspective of Foreign Aid

As the world's second-largest economy and the largest developing country, China is playing an increasingly important role in aiding vocational education in Africa. This study, from the perspective of foreign aid, explores the current state, challenges, and strategies of China's branding and communication in vocational education in Africa.Through various means such as intergovernmental cooperation, corporate participation, and non-governmental organizations, China has achieved significant results in aiding vocational education in Africa. However, there are still multiple challenges in branding and communication, including improving education quality, innovating communication strategies, cultural adaptability, fund and resource allocation, cooperation and coordination, and brand image maintenance. To address these challenges, China needs to strengthen teacher training, introduce advanced teaching methods, use new media platforms to accurately target audiences, respect cultural differences, scientifically allocate funds and resources, establish cross-departmental cooperation mechanisms, and enhance brand promotion.By implementing these strategies, China can further enhance the effectiveness and impact of its vocational education aid to Africa, contributing more to the economic development and social progress of African countries. At the same time, this will also help improve China's international image and soft power, and promote the further deepening and development of China-Africa.

Enhancing medical communication education through the implementation of the "Simulated Patient" program at the University Medical School of Pécs

Bevezetés: Az orvosi kommunikációs készségek hatékony oktatásának széles körben elfogadott módszere a szimulációs betegek alkalmazásával végzett oktatás. A szimulációs betegek hozzájárulnak a klinikai készségek oktatásához és értékeléséhez is. Hazánkban intézményesített formában elsőként a Pécsi Tudományegyetem Általános Orvostudományi Karán indult 2019-ben a „Szimulációs Beteg” program a Kar mindhárom tannyelvű oktatásának támogatására. A program keretein belül laikus szimulációs betegek képzése és továbbképzése folyik magyar, angol és német nyelven. Célkitűzés: A program kari implementációjának fogadtatását négy évvel a program indulása után vizsgáltuk, magyar és nemzetközi hallgatóink körében. Tanulmányunkban a kutatás eredményeinek ismertetése mellett röviden bemutatjuk a program elméleti és gyakorlati vonatkozásait is. Módszer: Kutatásunk online kérdőíves felmérésre épült. A kérdőíves felmérés keresztmetszeti vizsgálattal, kényelmi mintavétellel történt a 2023. tavaszi szemeszterben. A kérdőív három skálája összesen 20 kérdésből áll. A zárt kérdéstípusok feleletválasztást, illetve rangsorolást tartalmaznak. A nyitott kérdések a pozitív tapasztalatok és a nehézségek szabad kifejtésére irányulnak. A vizsgálatot magyar, angol és német kommunikációs-szaknyelvi kurzusok hallgatói körében végeztük. A kutatásra 128 értékelhető válasz érkezett. Eredmények: Szignifikáns különbséget találtunk a három tannyelven tanuló csoportok értékelésében a szimulációs betegekkel folytatott konzultációk, valamint a visszajelzések megítélésében, illetve a szimulációs betegeket alkalmazó oktatás hatékonyságát illetően. A nyitott kérdésekre adott válaszokban a hallgatók a valós élethelyzetek gyakorlásának lehetőségét, a visszacsatolás jelentőségét, a magabiztosság növekedését, a szakmai fejlődést emelték ki. Következtetés: Korábbi kutatásokhoz hasonlóan a szimulációs betegeket alkalmazó módszertan bevezetését egyértelműen pozitívan fogadták hallgatóink. Jelen kutatásunk rámutatott ugyanakkor arra, hogy a különböző oktatási nyelven tanuló hallgatók eltérően súlyozzák a módszertan egyes elemeinek jelentőségét és kihatását a teljes tanulási folyamatra, illetve szakmai fejlődésükre nézve. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(33): 1286–1294.

Physicians’ opinions on the utilization of generic medications in Gulf Cooperation Council countries: a narrative review

Abstract Objective This review paper explores strategies and recommendations for reducing healthcare expenses in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) by understanding physicians’ attitudes regarding the utilization of generic medicines. Methods A comprehensive search of seven databases yielded 24 437 titles and abstracts. Using inclusion criteria focusing on physicians’ insights into generic prescribing and exclusion criteria, cutting out systematic reviews, case studies, and non-English articles, the review process led to an in-depth analysis of six studies. Results Findings revealed that while physicians generally comprehend terms like “generic”, “brand”, and “bioequivalence”, they face difficulty discussing bioequivalence with patients. Lack of emphasis on generic medicines in medical education and complex patient communication were potential impediments to generic medicine prescribing in the GCC countries. Strategies & Recommendations: Promoting the benefits of generic drugs could support their usage and help decrease healthcare costs. Improving medical education to include a larger focus on generic medications and their benefits, as well as training physicians in effectively communicating bioequivalence concepts to patients, could promote the use of more cost-effective, generic options. Conclusion The review calls for attention to the potential of generic medicine prescribing to reduce healthcare expenses in the GCC. Future research studies should consider broadening the geographical scope to provide global insights into these issues and their possible solutions.

Teaching ethics and ethical leadership with the Harvard Everest simulation

PurposeThis is a step-by-step guide for teaching Ethics and Ethical Leadership utilizing the Harvard Everest Leadership and Teams Simulation, V.3. The suggested approach is focused on facilitating a discussion and coaching students to recognize and solve problems by applying moral theory explicitly and deliberately. Applying this approach can also help them develop a habit of analyzing one’s own and others' behavior using ethical lenses and principles of authentic leadership. It offers practical debrief steps and specific discussion questions that can be used as a standalone resource or alongside the Harvard teaching note accompanying the simulation.Design/methodology/approachThis innovative approach enables teaching and coaching students on the ethical aspects of their leadership and decision-making based on this hands-on experience with the Harvard Everest Leadership and Teams Simulation. This approach enriches the original HBR teaching suggestions by enabling students to recognize moral dilemmas, confront typical rationalizations and practice ethical actions and decision-making in real time.FindingsIn-class discussion and student reflection assignments provide evidence of the method's effectiveness in translating values into impactful insights and enhanced likelihood of ethical behaviors in real-life scenarios. Students’ end-of-class feedback and course evaluations often cite the benefits of using the Everest simulation as a backdrop for raising self-awareness and practicing ethical decision-making.Practical implicationsThe approach discussed in the paper can serve as a flexible framework for analyzing and debriefing the HBR Everest simulation and other simulations, “survival scenario” exercises and activities designed to teach and facilitate practicing ethical leadership, authentic leadership and ethical decision making. It is adaptable and can be effectively applied across various disciplines centered around ethical leadership, teamwork, communication and decision-making in higher education and business.Originality/valueHarvard Everest Leadership and Teams Simulation is among the most popular ones in business education and is used by teachers worldwide (Roberto & Edmondson, 2017). While a comprehensive teaching note on communication and group dynamics is available through Harvard Business Publishing, it still needs to address the ethical issues students face during the simulation. This paper provides a roadmap for instructors who want to improve the student experience with ethical decision-making and ethical leadership.

Linguistic games program to develop oral expression in early childhood education students

In this work, the influence of mobile applications in teaching the subject of Language and Literature was evaluated, highlighting their impact on academic skills and educational communication. The participation of these tools in the understanding of content, the interaction between students and teachers, and access to educational resources was analyzed. Theoretical and empirical methods were used, including document review, interviews, performance observation, and pedagogical tests. The sample consisted of 120 teachers. The results showed that 85% of the participants improved their digital skills after receiving training on the use of mobile applications. On the other hand, 90% of the students reported improved communication with teachers and 88% found it easier to understand and analyze literary texts. It was possible to demonstrate that mobile applications promoted collaboration and active learning and are also a valuable resource for optimizing academic performance.

Communication and Disaster Education in The Perspective of Learning Theory: A Literature Review

Communication and Disaster Education in The Perspective of Learning Theory: A Literature Review