Common Terms Research Articles

A Nationwide Study of Emergency Nurses’ Triage Decisions for Potential Acute Coronary Syndrome

IntroductionThis study aimed to identify the symptoms used to assess angina, determine how emergency nurses make triage decisions for potential acute coronary syndrome, and determine emergency nurses’ initial actions. MethodsThis was a cross-sectional, survey-based design. Emergency nurses were recruited through a posting on the Emergency Nurses Association website and through postcards. Measures included demographic data, assessment of angina, and the Nurses’ Cardiac Triage Instrument. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ordinal logistic regression. ResultsA total of 414 registered nurses with a mean age of 41.7 (SD = 12.0) years participated. They were predominantly female (80.7%), had a baccalaureate degree (60.1%), and worked as a registered nurse for a median 10.0 years. Common terms used to assess angina were chest pain (79.5%), chest pressure (77.3%), chest tightness (72.9%), and chest discomfort (72.5%). The severity of chest pressure (median 5.0, interquartile range 1.0) and nature of chest pain (median 5.0, interquartile range 1.0) had the highest overall median scores to support initial cardiac triage decisions. Associated symptoms of diaphoresis, fatigue, and shortness of breath along with health history contributed to decision making. DiscussionEmergency nurses primarily used chest symptoms and health history when deciding to evaluate for acute coronary syndrome in the emergency department. Associated symptoms of diaphoresis, fatigue, and shortness of breath, along with health history, also contributed to decision making. Initial registered nurse actions were to obtain an electrocardiogram, prepare the patient for the cardiac catheterization laboratory, and notify the emergency physician of the patient’s admission.

RHMD: A Real-World Dataset for Health Mention Classification on Reddit

People on social media share their thoughts and experiences using diseases and symptoms words other than to mention their health, which can introduce biases in data-driven public health applications. For the advancement of HMC research, in this study, we present a Reddit health mention dataset (RHMD), a new dataset of multi-domain Reddit data for the HMC. RHMD is composed of 10 015 manually annotated Reddit posts that include 15 common disease or symptom terms and are labeled with four labels: personal health mentions (HMs), nonpersonal HMs, figurative HMs, and hyperbolic HMs. Empirical evaluation using recently proposed methods demonstrates the challenge of labeling user-generated text across these four types. Contributions to this work include the public release of a robustly annotated Reddit dataset (RHMD) for HM tasks and a comprehensive performance analysis of baseline methods. We expect the release of the dataset, and the evaluations will help facilitate the development of new methods for detecting HMs in the user-generated text. The dataset is available at.

Integration of Systems of the Exemplary Model Using Modern Tools of Industry 4.0

Industry 4.0 is a common term that is constantly evolving. It involves the participation of different disciplines and areas of knowledge, as well as the integration of multiple technologies, both mature and emerging. Industry 4.0 defines things like the increase in demand for products that are customised. Personalisation goes hand in hand with differentiation in small batches, unique products and high production flexibility. That is why manufacturing companies use advanced technologies to accurately prepare for changes in global production. The authors aim to present an example of an integrated management system designed in line with “Industry 4.0” using the military sector as an instance. The developed integrated system combines: an ERP system, a CAD system, a PDM plug-in, an ERP Plus plug-in, a database system and a mobile application.

Internet Health Resources on Nocturnal Enuresis: A Readability, Quality, and Accuracy Analysis.

Nocturnal enuresis is a common yet quality-of-life-limiting pediatric condition. There is an increasing trend for parents to obtain information on the disease's nature and treatment options via the internet. However, the quality of health-related information on the internet varies greatly and is largely uncontrolled and unregulated. With this study, a readability, quality, and accuracy evaluation of the health information regarding nocturnal enuresis is carried out. A questionnaire was administered to parents and patients with nocturnal enuresis to determine their use of the internet to research their condition. The most common search terms were determined, and the first 30 websites returned by the most popular search engines were used to assess the quality of information about nocturnal enuresis. Each site was categorized by type and assessed for readability using the Gunning fog score, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) index, and Dale-Chall score; for quality using the DISCERN score; and for accuracy by comparison to the International Children's Continence Society guidelines by three experienced pediatric urologists and nephrologists. A total of 30 websites were assessed and classified into five categories: professional (n = 13), nonprofit (n = 8), commercial (n = 4), government (n = 3), and other (n = 2). The information was considered difficult for the public to comprehend, with mean Gunning fog, SMOG index, and Dale-Chall scores of 12.1 ± 4.3, 14.1 ± 4.3, and 8.1 ± 1.3, respectively. The mean summed DISCERN score was 41 ± 11.6 out of 75. Only seven (23%) websites were considered of good quality (DISCERN score > 50). The mean accuracy score of the websites was 3.2 ± 0.6 out of 5. Commercial websites were of the poorest quality and accuracy. Websites generally scored well in providing their aims and identifying treatment benefits and options, while they lacked references and information regarding treatment risks and mechanisms. Online information about nocturnal enuresis exists for parents; however, most websites are of suboptimal quality, readability, and accuracy. Pediatric surgeons should be aware of parents' health-information-seeking behavior and be proactive in guiding parents to identify high-quality resources.

A Phase II, Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Study of the Safety and Efficacy of a Caffeine-Based Antifibrosis Cream in Patients with Breast Cancer Undergoing Radiation Therapy

Radiation induced fibrosis (RIF) is a common long term adverse event in patients undergoing post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) which can cause capsular contracture, implant loss, and reconstruction complications in women with implant-based breast reconstruction. At a molecular level, adenosine is a driver of RIF. Preclinical data have shown that pharmacologic blockade of the adenosine A2A Receptor (A2AR) in mice as well as an A2AR knockout mouse model prevented skin fibrosis associated with radiation injury. Caffeine is an A2AR antagonist which has been shown to block the development of hepatic fibrosis in liver disease patients. We present a phase II placebo controlled clinical trial to evaluate whether a caffeine-based cream can prevent RIF and thus reduce the rates of reconstructive complications in patients with tissue expander-based reconstruction requiring PMRT. Women ≥ 18 years old with breast carcinoma stage 0-III status post mastectomy with tissue expander-based reconstruction who require PMRT to the chest wall +/- the regional nodes are being enrolled. The target accrual is 60 patients. Boost field to the chest wall, scar and/or nodal region is allowed. Patients with inflammatory breast cancer or those requiring skin bolus are excluded. Prior to starting radiation, patients will be randomized to placebo vs. caffeine cream and they will be instructed to apply the cream twice a day starting on the first day of radiation treatment and continuing daily for the duration of radiation until the removal of tissue expanders. The primary study endpoint is reconstructive complications requiring rehospitalization or reoperation by 2 years post radiation including reconstructive failure with or without reconstruction. A safety endpoint of grade ≥ 2 acute radiation dermatitis will also serve as a co-primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints are wound infection/cellulitis, hematoma, seroma, threatened exposure, wound dehiscence, implant leakage, rupture, and or deflation, and capsular contracture that do not meet criteria for the primary endpoint. Clinician rated cosmesis, local recurrence, regional recurrence, distant metastasis and survival up to 4 years are additional secondary endpoints. Exploratory endpoint includes the use of shear wave elastography (SWE) as a potential tool to quantitatively measure post irradiation fibrosis. Correlative aims include assessing epidermal thickness and fat layer thickness from tissue obtained at time of implant exchange for association with the development of fibrosis. The primary efficacy endpoint will be estimated using Kaplan Meier methods from date of randomization. Treatment comparisons will be based on a 2-sided log rank chi-square test and the hazard ratio will be estimated with 95% confidence intervals. The study started accruing in 12/2019 and is estimated to end by 04/2024. As of January 2023, 67% (40/60 patients) of the planned patients have been enrolled. To be determined. To be determined.

Mapping the global research landscape on malnutrition for patients with chronic kidney disease: a visualization analysis

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is seen as a diverse disease and a primary contributor to global mortality. Malnutrition arises within chronic illness, which involves protein energy depletion and inadequate levels of essential nutrients. These factors increase the likelihood of death and the overall impact of the disease on affected individuals. Consequently, this study aims to utilize bibliometric and visual analysis to assess the current state of research, the latest advances and emerging patterns in the fields of CKD and malnutrition.MethodsExtensive research was conducted using the Scopus database, which is the most authoritative database of research publications and citations, to focus on CKD research between 2003 and 2022, as indicated by title and author keywords. Then, within this vast collection of academic publications, a notable subset of articles was exclusively dedicated to investigating the relationship between CKD and malnutrition. Finally, we performed bibliometric analysis and visualization using VOSviewer 1.6.19 and Microsoft Excel 2013.ResultsLarge global research between 2003 and 2022 resulted in 50,588 documents focused on CKD, as indicated by title and author keywords. In this extensive collection of scientific publications, a staggering portion of 823 articles is devoted exclusively to investigating the link between CKD and malnutrition. Further analysis reveals that this body of work consists of 565 articles (68.65%), 221 reviews (26.85%), and 37 miscellaneous entries (4.50%), which encompass letters and editorials. The USA was found to be the most productive country (n = 173; 21.02%), followed by Italy (n = 83; 10.09%), Sweden (n = 56; 6.80%), Brazil (n = 54; 6.56%) and China (n = 51; 6.20%). The most common terms on the map include those related to the topic of (a) malnutrition in hemodialysis patients and predicting factors; terms associated with the (b) impact of malnutrition on cardiovascular risk and complications in CKD patients; and terms related to the (c) dietary protein intake and malnutrition in CKD.ConclusionsThis study is the first of its kind to analyze CKD and malnutrition research using data from Scopus for visualization and network mapping. Recent trends indicate an increasing focus on protein-energy wasting/malnutrition in hemodialysis patients and predicting factors, dietary protein intake, and malnutrition in CKD. These topics have gained significant attention and reflect the latest scientific advances. Intervention studies are crucial to examining diet therapy's impact on patients with stages 1 to 5 CKD. We hope this study will offer researchers, dietitians and nephrologists valuable information.

Editar la Palestina

Introduction. The purpose of journalistic style guides is to provide media practitioners with guidance on language to convey a neutral and objective presentation of information. This paper investigates thematic style guides published with a focus on Palestine and analyzes how these style guides construct media bias. Literature Review. In the literature reviewed a structural media bias against Palestinians that favors Israeli narratives is documented in research as an integral part of anglophone mainstream media through the reproduction of Orientalism, Zionist narratives, and anti-Palestinian racism. Methodology. A comparative content analysis was conducted on four thematic style guides, sampling common terms through a grounded theory approach. Results. The results show similarities and differences in the style guides’ definitions, sourcing, and explanations of key terms related to Palestine and its historical, legal, and geographic contexts. Discussion. The style guides notably differ in their content with some perpetuating anti-Palestinian bias in various implicit and explicit ways, such as Nakba denial, questioning Palestinian history, and reproducing Israeli sources and narratives. Conclusions. Our analysis concludes that anti-Palestinian bias and racism are an integral part of some anglophone newsroom policies and practices as implemented in style and editorial guidelines. Thematic style guides on Palestine thus can further perpetuate colonial conquest and anti-indigenous violence.

Horse Harness Naming in Yakut (as compared to Mongolic languages)

The paper analyzes and describes the lexico-semantic groups (further, LSG) “Horse harness” in Yakut in comparison to Khalkha-Mongolian, Buryat, and Kalmyk. The purpose of the study is to introduce horse harness naming in academic use in the comparative and comparative-historical aspects. Material from the Mongolic languages was used to compare and identify common terms and establish their Turkic and Mongolian stems. The material of the study was selected from the corresponding dictionaries; it also includes field records collected from informants during expeditions to Mongolia and Buryatia. The main methods are descriptive, comparative, comparative-historical, and that of continuous sampling. The analysis allowed us to determine the structure and semantics of the considered lexical units, to identify a significant number of similarities and differences in Yakut and Mongolic languages. The Yakut, Khalkha-Mongolian, Buryat and Kalmyk material showed both Turkic-Mongolic and Turkic layers common for the analyzed languages. At the same time, for Yakut the Russian layer was revealed. The analyzed material allows us to speak about the features of the Yakut language that distinguish it from other Turkic languages, and Buryat from all Mongolic languages, as well as about what brings the Yakut language closer to Buryat. Out of the 38 lexical units of the LSG «Horse Harness» in modern Yakut, the comparative analysis has revealed 9 units representing Mongolian parallels, most of which presumably penetrated from the Old Mongolian language in the pre-literate period. Interestingly, the phonetic structure of some of them makes it possible to attribute them to the earliest Yakut-Mongolian contacts.

Bibliometric mapping of current therapies for children and adolescents with a functional visual disorder (FVD)

Children and adolescents with a functional neurological disorder (such as functional visual disorder [FVD]) experience a lower psychological quality of life with more mental health problems than healthy controls. While there is ample research about functional neurological disorder in general, there is also a general lack of research concerning FVD and the effectiveness of treatments given to children and adolescents suffering from it. Our aim was to provide a visual overview of common topics concerning treatments of children and adolescents with an FVD. VOSviewer is a programme that extracts information (terms) from the titles and abstracts of articles to generate bibliometric networks. The results show that common subject terms are paediatrics and children. The common diagnostic terms include conversion disorder, hysterical vision disturbance, somatoform disorders, hysterical disorders, and functional (psychogenic) visual loss. Common therapeutic terms are suggestion therapy, brief psychotherapy, hypnosis, psychiatry, therapeutic processes, and suggestibility. The results give insight into the treatments that children and adolescents with FVD currently receive. We also provide directions for future studies into the treatment of FVD in children and adolescents.

Hippocampal and peripheral blood DNA methylation signatures correlate at the gene and pathway level in a mouse model of autism.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are polygenic multifactorial disorders influenced by environmental factors. ASD-related differential DNA methylation has been found in human peripheral tissues, such as placenta, paternal sperm, buccal epithelium, and blood. However, these data lack direct comparison of DNA methylation levels with brain tissue from the same individual to determine the extent that peripheral tissues are surrogates for behavior-related disorders. Here, whole genome methylation profiling at all the possible sites throughout the mouse genome (>25 million) from both brain and blood tissues revealed novel insights into the systemic contributions of DNA methylation to ASD. Sixty-six differentially methylated regions (DMRs) share the same genomic coordinates in these two tissues, many of which are linked to risk genes for neurodevelopmental disorders and intellectual disabilities (e.g. Prkch, Ptn, Hcfc1, Mid1, and Nfia). Gene ontological pathways revealed a significant number of common terms between brain and blood (N = 65 terms), and nearly half (30/65) were associated with brain/neuronal development. Furthermore, seven DMR-associated genes among these terms contain methyl-sensitive transcription factor sequence motifs within the DMRs of both tissues; four of them (Cux2, Kcnip2, Fgf13, and Mrtfa) contain the same methyl-sensitive transcription factor binding sequence motifs (HES1/2/5, TBX2 and TFAP2C), suggesting DNA methylation influences the binding of common transcription factors required for gene expression. Together, these findings suggest that peripheral blood is a good surrogate tissue for brain and support that DNA methylation contributes to altered gene regulation in the pathogenesis of ASD.

Disseminating oral health educational content and evaluating its use on non-dental safety net clinic websites.

Safety net clinics (SNC) provide healthcare to vulnerable populations and SNC websites are an important information source. In North Carolina (NC), all 100 counties are Dental Health Professional Shortage Areas, yet 91 of 317 SNCs are non-dental (ND-SNC). Our goals were to: (1) assess the presence and type of oral health (OH) information on ND-SNC websites; (2) develop and distribute an OH education webpage to ND-SNCs and track its use. The website search function was used with common dental terms to evaluate the presence of OH content on each ND-SNC website. Key representatives from ND-SNCs were surveyed to assess patient care and willingness to implement an OH webpage. Webpage topics included oral hygiene and a map of NC dentists that provide services to low-income patients. Google Analytics was used to track consumer webpage engagement including acquisition source (AS), average time on page (AT), and unique page views (UPV). Of the 91 ND-SNCs websites, none contained OH education; 15% had information about nearby dental providers. For the 40 ND-SNCs using our webpage, January-December 2022, the primary AS for new webpage users was referrals; 72.5% of users visited directly from ND-SNC websites. Statewide AT was 2 min and 30 s (SD = 58 s), 2.88 times longer than the 52-s threshold marketing experts use to establish genuine user engagement. There were 1364 UPVs statewide for 2022. Our results suggest a need for OH education content on ND-SNC websites, as users are searching for and engaging with this information.

Stability and Stabilization of T–S Fuzzy Time-Delay Systems Under Sampled-Data Control via New Asymmetric Functional Method

This paper studies the stability and stabilization of Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy time-delay systems under sampleddata control via a new asymmetric Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) method. The method improves the common symmetric basic functional term. Besides, we improve the loopedfunctional term and the discontinuous functional term through combining the integral about time delay and each sampling interval, respectively. Based on the above new approaches, we present the stability and stabilization results with less conservativeness than the literature through linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). In the process, we introduce a simplification approach for stabilization of sampled-data control, which effectively reduces the computational complexity of results. At last, we provide three examples to verify the effects and advantages of our results.

Collective bargaining in the Australian public service: From New Public Management to public value

In 2022, Australia's Labor Opposition pledged to reintroduce collective bargaining covering the whole Australian public service (APS) if elected. The elected Labor government is now implementing this ground-breaking reform. The APS has, since 1997, bargained at the agency level with no mandated common terms and conditions of employment applying across the service. This has led to pay dispersion and inequity, and fragmentation of the terms and conditions of employment. The current negotiations aim to rectify this situation. We argue that these reforms represent an ideological shift and a repudiation of New Public Management (NPM) towards a public value approach, which also incorporates being a model employer. We consider whether this refocusing will overcome the problems inherent in the system of bargaining practised under an NPM framework. We examine some of the most important items being negotiated at the time of writing, namely, wages, job security, flexible working, paid parental leave and paid family and domestic violence leave. We conclude that the new approach will overcome the legacy of the previous bargaining system to benefit individuals and the APS as a whole. We further conclude that this public value approach substantially fulfils the government's ideal of becoming a model employer.

Analysis of the Combine ECAP's Heat Treatment for Creating Aluminum Chips, as Well as a Correlation and Regression Analysis of the solid-state data

The primary objective of this study is to provide a green solution for aluminum recycling. For the aluminum industry to become more circular, it is crucial that innovative recycling methods be developed to maximize the potential for scrap reuse and reduce CO2 emissions. In this article, we discuss how energy and material costs were reduced by recycling aluminum chip waste without first remelting the chips. Solid state recycling or direct recycling are common terms for the method shown here. Chips are cleaned, cold pre-compacted, and hot direct extruded in the solid state recycling process. This is followed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and heat treatment. The effect of artificial aging time and temperature, as well as holding time during solid solution treatment, on the mechanical characteristics of recycled EN AW 6082 aluminum chips was studied. The studies were carried out using a response surface methodology and a design of experiments strategy. The effect of changing the settings of the heat treatment for the proposed solid state recycling process on the mechanical properties of the recycled samples was modeled using a regression analysis. When compared to commercially manufactured EN AW 6082 aluminum alloy in T6 temper condition, the mechanical properties of the recycled samples obtained using the innovative process were found to be comparable. The recycled samples were also analyzed using metallography. Models using regression and correlation analysis have been created to describe the impact of heat treatment settings on the mechanical properties of the generated samples reported in the statistical analysis. using MATLAB as analytical program to conduct correlation and regression.

Terminology and methods used to differentiate injury intent of hospital burn patients in South Asia: a systematic scoping review protocol

BackgroundThe greatest proportion of burn injuries globally occur in South Asia, where there are also high numbers of intentional burns. Burn injury prevention efforts are hampered by poor surveillance data on injury intent. There is a plethora of local routinely collected data in the research literature from South Asia that could be used for epidemiological purposes, but it is not known whether the definitions and methods of differentiation of injury intent are sufficiently homogenous to allow valid study comparisons.MethodsWe will conduct a systematic scoping review to understand terminology and methods used to differentiate injury intent of hospital burn patients in South Asia. The objectives of the study are to: determine the breadth of terminology and common terms used for burn injury intent; to determine if definitions are comparable across studies where the same term is used; and to appraise the rigour of methods used to differentiate burn injury intent and suitability for comparison across studies. The databases Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and PakMediNet will be searched. Screening and data extraction will be completed independently by two reviewers. To be included, the article must be as follows: peer reviewed, primary research, study cutaneous burns, based on hospital patients from a country in South Asia, and use intent terminology or discuss a method of differentiation of injury intent. Results will be restricted to English language studies. No date restrictions will be applied. A plain language summary and terminology section are included for non-specialist readers.DiscussionResults will be used to inform stakeholder work to develop standardised terminology and methods for burn injury intent in South Asia. They will be published open access in peer-reviewed journals wherever possible.Systematic review registrationThis review has been registered with the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/DCYNQ).

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Management in Pediatric Patient with Postural (Positional) Clubfoot: A Case Report

Abstract: Clubfoot, talipes equinovarus, is a common term used to describe several kinds of ankle or foot deformities present at birth. This condition is one of the most treatable birth defects, often leading to normal or near-normal athletic activities later in life. We reported a patient with positional clubfoot treated with serial casting, passive manipulation, and stimulation. Male, 6 days old, lived in Sonder, with a chief complaint of right foot that bent inward since birth. Patient was consulted by pediatrician to physiatrist since the birth day. The bent inward foot was not accompanied by swelling and redness, and patient was seen calm when the foot being moved. Patient was treated by physiatrist with passive manipulation, four times weekly with serial casting, and everyday stimulation for feet. During treatment session, patient’s deformity was getting improved. After treatment, the deformity was corrected and patient’s foot was in normal position without any complication. The aim of medical rehabilitation of clubfoot was to reduce the deformity with the success criteria that foot could be functional, free of pain, good mobility, and did not require correction shoes, therefore, the patient could carry out normal activities after growing up. In conclusion, to produce the maximum correction results, good cooperation is required with the patient’s parents. Even though correction is optimal and done as soon as possible, if bone growth has not stopped, the clubfoot problem can reappear. The first element of management is correction of the cavus deformity by positioning the forefoot in proper alignment with the hindfoot. Keywords: postural clubfoot; physical medicine and rehabilitation; children; passive manipulation; serial casting; everyday stimulation for feet

Effects of Mixed Baculovirus Infections in Biological Control: A Comprehensive Historical and Technical Analysis.

Baculoviruses are insect-specific DNA viruses that have been exploited as bioinsecticides for the control of agricultural and forest pests around the world. Mixed infections with two different baculoviruses have been found in nature, infecting the same host. They have been studied to understand the biology of virus interactions, their effects on susceptible insects, and their insecticidal implications. In this work, we summarize and analyze the in vivo baculovirus co-infections reported in the literature, mainly focusing on pest biocontrol applications. We discuss the most common terms used to describe the effects of mixed infections, such as synergism, neutralism, and antagonism, and how to determine them based on host mortality. Frequently, baculovirus co-infections found in nature are caused by a combination of a nucleopolyhedrovirus and a granulovirus. Studies performed with mixed infections indicated that viral dose, larval stage, or the presence of synergistic factors in baculovirus occlusion bodies are important for the type of virus interaction. We also enumerate and discuss technical aspects to take into account in studies on mixed infections, such as statistical procedures, quantification of viral inocula, the selection of instars, and molecular methodologies for an appropriate analysis of baculovirus interaction. Several experimental infections using two different baculoviruses demonstrated increased viral mortality or a synergistic effect on the target larvae compared to single infections. This can be exploited to improve the baculovirus-killing properties of commercial formulations. In this work, we offer a current overview of baculovirus interactions in vivo and discuss their potential applications in pest control strategies.

An updated Review on Flaxseed Mucilage (Linum Usitatissimum) Extraction Methods and its Food Applications

Abstract: Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) has become well recognised as a health food due to its richness in various bioactive substances & nutrients such as lignans, fibres, oil, mucilage, fatty acids, carbohydrates, proteins, micronutrients, and peptides. These elements endow flaxseed with a wide range of beneficial properties that allow it to be used as nutritional supplements or as ingredients in functional beverages and in the food industry. In this review, the nutritional value of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) along with its mucilage extraction methods and food applications are described. A comprehensive analysis of the literature search was conducted. A number of databases have been searched using the common terms “Flaxseed”, “Lignans”, “Linum usitatissimum”, “Phytochemicals”, “Food”, and “Functional claim” using PubMed and Google Scholar as search engines. The content was based on information from publications like Springer nature, Hindawi, Elsevier, MDPI, Bentham science, Taylor and Francis, etc. In this review paper we have done an exhaustive analysis of more than 80 review articles, research papers, comprehensive reviews, and case studies published between 1984-2023. Flaxseed has a nutritional makeup that can be good for your health. Many people remain unaware of the possible numerous medical advantages of flaxseed and its uses in food preparation. Flaxseed is the finest food source for lignans and linolenic acid. The potential for it to serve as a source of soluble fibre, anti-oxidants, and protein of excellent quality is also very high. As a result, it is suggested to use flaxseed as a dietary supplement in whole or ground form. One of the possible oil seeds is flax, which is rich in nutrients and has a number of health advantages. It's interesting to note that the fibre, lignans, & omega-3 fatty acids found in flax seeds are mostly responsible for their health advantages. Due to its low saturated fat, high Poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and phytosterol content, consumption of this oil seed could reduce total as well as Low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Flax seeds are processed to make their nutrients more bioavailable.

Comprehensibility in translation of medical texts

Medicine is a field that is being closely followed as a scientific field worldwide and in which there are continuous developments. Because it is a science that covers the necessary applications to prevent and treat diseases, as well as to protect and improve health. This field of science, whose history is as old as the history of humanity, has its own terminology, which comes from Greek and Latin. Therefore, the (difficult) comprehensibility of the medical language is one of the issues emphasized. Medical professionals know this terminology well and understand it easily. Lay people, however, may have difficulty understanding medical language. The (difficulty) level of language used in medical texts varies according to the target audience. If the target audience of the text is professionals, a language dominated by sophisticated medical terminology of Greek and Latin origin is used. The reason for this is that medical terminology facilitates communication, as it is a shared language worldwide. However, if the target audience of the text is lay people, people tend to use easier-to-understand language and more common medical terms and known to the public. This is because the text should be accurate and easy to understand. This should also be the aim of translations of medical texts. This present study analyzed the Turkish translations of German texts published on the website of an official institution and produced to inform the public about infectious diseases. Informative texts about 32 different diseases on the website were analyzed, and eight texts were selected as different examples of ‘comprehensibility in translation’. The study focused on medical terms and expressions that are unclear, misunderstood, or cause ambiguity in translation texts and investigated the causes of the clarity problem. As a result of the study, it was observed that the literal translation approach in the translation of medical texts in which equivalent equivalents (i.e. national medical terms) in their own language replace medical terminology since the target audience is lay people, leads to the emergence of 'comprehensibility' problems.

Effects of Building Materials on Building Thermal Load in Malaysian Institutional Library

Green building, net-zero energy building, low energy building, and sustainable building are the common terms being used in the building industry nowadays, with the primary aim to produce buildings with low energy and low carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Different types of building materials can have significant implications for energy efficiency, especially in the warming climate. The energy crisis, future global warming, and climate change can be mitigated by choosing the right building materials, which will also lower the building's energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. This paper presents the effects of different building materials on the cooling capacity and cooling energy consumption of a building for four (4) different climate change weather data, namely, the present time scenario, the 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s time scenario using TRNSYS simulation software. The main library of a university in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia, was chosen as the case study. Three (3) types of building materials were studied, namely, Type 1 (brick walls with single-glazed windows), Type 2 (foam insulation cavity walls with double-glazed windows), and Type 3 (air gap cavity walls with double-glazed windows). The simulation results showed that the Type 2 building materials could reduce the yearly cooling energy consumption by 14.5%, compared with the current building materials (brick walls with single-glazed windows). The Type 3 building materials (air gap cavity walls with double-glazed windows) with the lower installation were wound to reduce the yearly cooling energy consumption by 9% compared with the Type 1 building materials. For architects, designers, politicians, and library administrators, the research's conclusions have immediate practical implications that will help them make decisions and implement energy-saving plans. In the end, this research helps libraries in Malaysia remain sustainable and resilient in the face of global warming and the energy crisis.