Common Recommendation Research Articles

The Relationship between Social Support and Anxiety Symptoms in Informal Carers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Providing care can be challenging for informal carers and increases the risk of mental health problems, such as experiencing clinical symptoms of anxiety. While strengthening social support for informal carers is a common recommendation to reduce this risk, no systematic review or meta-analysis to date has examined the relationship between social support and anxiety symptoms in informal carers. The aim of our study was to systematically review the current evidence on the association between perceived and received social support and anxiety symptoms in informal carers of dependent adults and older people, and to comment on the quality of the evidence. We searched PubMed, CINAHL (EBSCO), PsycINFO (ProQuest), Scopus, and LILACS up to 31 March 2021 for articles reporting on the association between caregiver anxiety symptoms and social support. A random-effects model was used to pool estimates, and each study was rated for quality using pre-specified criteria. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and Egger's regression test, which was adjusted using trim and fill analysis. From the 2180 identified articles, 35 studies met our inclusion criteria, reporting on 5036 informal carers in total. We found a moderate negative association between perceived social support and caregiver anxiety symptoms (r = -0.31, 95% CI = -0.35, -0.27) and a small, negative association between received social support and caregiver anxiety (r = -0.15, 95% CI = -0.22, -0.08). The levels of perceived social support showed a significant negative association with caregiver anxiety symptoms. Policymakers and those working directly with informal carers should consider the development of targeted social support interventions that specifically enhance the levels of perceived social support to reduce symptoms of anxiety in informal carers.

Stage, treatment and survival of low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma in the Netherlands: A nationwide study.

Serous ovarian carcinomas constitute the largest group of epithelial ovarian cancer (60%-75%) and are further classified into high- and low-grade serous carcinoma. Low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC) is a relatively rare subtype (approximately 5% of serous carcinomas) and epidemiologic studies of large cohorts are scarce. With the present study we aimed to report trends in stage, primary treatment and relative survival of LGSC of the ovary in a large cohort of patients in an effort to identify opportunities to improve clinical practice and outcome of this relatively rare disease. Patients diagnosed with LGSC between 2000 and 2019 were identified from the Netherlands Cancer Registry (n=855). Trends in FIGO stages and primary treatment were analyzed with the Cochran-Armitage trend test, and differences in and trends of 5-year relative survival were analyzed using multivariable Poisson regression. Over time, LGSC was increasingly diagnosed as stage III (39.9%-59.0%) and IV disease (5.7%-14.4%) and less often as stage I (34.6%-13.5%; p < 0.001). Primary debulking surgery was the most common strategy (76.2%), although interval debulking surgery was preferred more often over the years (10.6%-31.1%; p < 0.001). Following primary surgery, there was >1cm residual disease in only 15/252 patients (6%), compared with 17/95 patients (17.9%) after interval surgery. Full cohort 5-year survival was 61% and survival after primary debulking surgery was superior to the outcome following interval debulking surgery (60% vs 34%). Survival following primary debulking surgery without macroscopic residual disease (73%) was better compared with ≤1 cm (47%) and >1cm residual disease (22%). Survival following interval debulking surgery without macroscopic residual disease (51%) was significantly higher than after >1cm residual disease (24%). Except FIGO stage II (85%-92%), survival did not change significantly over time. Over the years, LGSC has been diagnosed as FIGO stage III and stage IV disease more often and interval debulking surgery has been increasingly preferred over primary debulking in these patients. Relative survival did not change over time (except for stage II) and worse survival outcomes after interval debulking surgery were observed. The results support the common recommendation to perform primary debulking surgery in patients eligible for primary surgery.

Understanding Medical Malpractice Lawsuits.

Understanding Medical Malpractice Lawsuits.

Implementation of pharmacist recommendations in patients with type 2 diabetes enrolled in an employer-sponsored health plan

BackgroundThe new, employee health plan (EHP) focused, population health initiative was established at Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist in October 2020. The initiative’s goals are to reduce health care costs and optimize patient care by providing patient-specific recommendations to help manage chronic disease states in the ambulatory care setting. This project’s purpose is to quantify and categorize pharmacist recommendations implemented and not implemented. ObjectiveDescribe the implementation of pharmacist recommendations in a new, population health program. MethodsEligible patients: >18 years of age, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, baseline HbA1c > 8%, and enrolled in the EHP. Patients were identified retrospectively through an electronic health record report. The primary endpoint assessed the proportion of pharmacist recommendations implemented. Interventions implemented and not implemented were categorized and reviewed for timely optimization of patient care and quality improvement. ResultsOverall, 55.7% of pharmacist recommendations were implemented. The most common reason recommendations were not implemented was that they were not addressed by the provider. The most common pharmacist recommendation was a drug therapy addition. Recommendations were implemented in a median time of 44 days. ConclusionOver half of pharmacist recommendations were implemented. Provider communication and awareness was identified as a barrier for this new initiative. Increasing provider education and advertisement of pharmacist services should be considered to increase future implementation rates. The project identified a need for optimization of timely patient care by prioritizing patient charts prior to their next applicable provider visit.

Dry eye syndrome treatment with autologous blood serum eye drops: literature review

Ieva Kunickaitė1 1Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania Abstract Introduction. Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a tear film disorder caused by decreased tear production or instability of the tear film. Prevalence of DES ranges from 5% to 87.5% worldwide. The most common recommendation for the treatment of DES is the use of preservative-free artificial […]

Evaluative judgement – a practitioner's case in chemistry research projects

Engaging students actively in assessment, using a range of formative activities, consistently over sustained periods is a common recommendation in the assessment for learning literature. Despite this, practice still lags behind. Our case study aims to bridge the widening gap between theory and practice by illustrating the application of recent theoretical concepts in practice. The literature contains many examples and research on isolated events to engage students in assessment. Cases that explore engagement in different formative practices, over extended periods of time, are scarce and challenging for practitioners to implement in the absence of examples and evidence. Consequently, whilst adoption of theory informed practices remains limited, research also remains limited. Our case study aims to bridge the widening gap between practice and theory by elaborating a case example for practitioners. The redesign of a third year laboratory module, in which students undertake research projects, is presented. Our case illustrates how practitioners can incorporate assessment for learning principles, outlined in contemporary frameworks (evaluative judgement) considering process and a learning sequence over an entire year. The learning design of a module, before and after, is fully described to exemplify how practitioners can implement theoretical principles in practice. Students’ perception of the value of the new tasks were gathered to inform reflections for practitioners in the implementation of evaluative judgement.

Performance Evaluation of Time-based Recommendation System in Collaborative Filtering Technique

The Collaborative Filtering (CF) technique is the most common neighbourhood-based recommendation strategy, that provides personalized recommendation to a user for the items using a similarity measure. Hence, the selection of the appropriate similarity measure becomes crucial in the CF based recommendation system. The traditional similarity measures merely focus only on the historical ratings provided by the users to compute the similarity, completely ignoring the fact that preferences change over a period of time. Considering this, the paper aims to develop an effective Recommendation System that uses temporal information to capture the changes in the preferences over a period of time. For this, the existing exponential and power time decay functions are integrated with Cosine, Pearson Correlation, and Gower's similarity measures to compute similarity. The similarity is computed at the similarity computation and prediction levels of recommendation processes. Experimental findings in terms of MAE and RMSE on the MovieLens-100k demonstrate that performance of Gower's coefficient is better when applied with the exponential function at the similarity computation level of the recommendation process.

Using Recommendation Systems in Disaster Management: A Systematic Literature Review

As obvious, disasters cause widespread human, economic, and environmental losses throughout the world. Both natural and man-made disasters require an effective disaster management system to curtail their potential damage and ensure prompt response to affected communities. The widespread adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in this field has facilitated information exchange, situational awareness, and communication among various stakeholders. Within ICT, the recommendation system has been widely used to help decision makers take critical and effective decisions. In this review, we aim to unravel how recommendation systems (RS) have been used in the disaster management domain. To this end, a systematic literature review (SLR) was performed, resulting in a data set of 44 papers dealing with this topic. Selected studies were evaluated to provide an answer to five different research questions. We considered what are the most common recommendation approaches adopted in these studies, the input and output of the recommendation system, the disaster management phase involved, and the contribution of the study in the field. The results of this review present a starting point for further research in this area.

Comparison of Real-Time and Batch Job Recommendations

Collaborative filtering recommendation systems are traditionally trained in a batch manner and are designed to produce personalized recommendations for a large number of users at the same time. However, in many industrial use cases, it is reasonable to produce recommendations in real time, taking account of very recent user interactions. In this work, we present the implementation of batch and real-time recommendation systems using the example of the RP3Beta model, a simple scalable graph-based model that outperforms multiple more advanced models. Our approach can be utilized by any recommendation system if user-to-item recommendations can be obtained based on item-to-item recommendations. We show that it covers multiple common recommendation models, especially collaborative filtering approaches where user features are not available. We also provide the results of A/B tests comparing these two approaches in a real-world scenario of a job recommendation task, conducted with almost 200,000 OLX users. We report at least 10% more users applying for recommended job ads when using a real-time instead of a batch approach. We believe that our results can help other organizations to take informed decisions about whether to make the effort of moving from a batch to a real-time recommendation setting.

Role of Simulated Training for Carotid Endarterectomy: A Systematic Review.

Vascular surgery trainees often do not get to perform carotid endarterectomy (CEA) directly on the patients as it requires meticulous surgical technique and has a high risk of procedure-related complications. Hence, the role of simulation in training future vascular surgeons becomes essential. This review aims to assess the types and utility of simulators available for CEA. In this systematic review, all the studies performed on CEA simulation were included. The purpose of this review was to assess different types of simulators and their usefulness for CEA. We identified 122 articles, of which 10 were eligible for review. A variety of simulators, ranging from animal models, virtual reality simulators and commercially designed models with high fidelity options were used. Technical competence was the major domain assessed in the majority of the studies (n=8), whereas four studies evaluated anatomical and procedural knowledge. Blinding was done in five studies for assessment purposes. The majority of studies (n=9) found the simulation to be an effective tool for achieving technical competence. This review shows the potential usefulness of simulation in acquiring technical skills and procedural acumen for CEA. The available literature is unfortunately too diverse to have a common recommendation.

Colchicine Drug Interaction Errors and Misunderstandings: Recommendations for Improved Evidence-Based Management.

Colchicine is useful for the prevention and treatment of gout and a variety of other disorders. It is a substrate for CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein (P-gp), and concomitant administration with CYP3A4/P-gp inhibitors can cause life-threatening drug-drug interactions (DDIs) such as pancytopenia, multiorgan failure, and cardiac arrhythmias. Colchicine can also cause myotoxicity, and coadministration with other myotoxic drugs may increase the risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis. Many sources of DDI information including journal publications, product labels, and online sources have errors or misleading statements regarding which drugs interact with colchicine, as well as suboptimal recommendations for managing the DDIs to minimize patient harm. Furthermore, assessment of the clinical importance of specific colchicine DDIs can vary dramatically from one source to another. In this paper we provide an evidence-based evaluation of which drugs can be expected to interact with colchicine, and which drugs have been stated to interact with colchicine but are unlikely to do so. Based on these evaluations we suggest management options for reducing the risk of potentially severe adverse outcomes from colchicine DDIs. The common recommendation to reduce the dose of colchicine when given with CYP3A4/P-gp inhibitors is likely to result in colchicine toxicity in some patients and therapeutic failure in others. A comprehensive evaluation of the almost 100 reported cases of colchicine DDIs is included in table form in the electronic supplementary material. Colchicine is a valuable drug, but improvements in the information about colchicine DDIs are needed in order to minimize the risk of serious adverse outcomes.

949. Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Pharmacist Participation in Pediatric Infectious Diseases Rounds on Prospective Audit and Feedback Recommendations

Abstract Background Prospective audit and feedback (PAF) is a core strategy of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs). To improve communication of PAF recommendations to the inpatient pediatric infectious diseases (ID) consult service, the ASP pharmacists at our hospital were integrated into ID rounds. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of ASP pharmacy participation in ID rounds on the rate of ASP recommendations. Methods Prior to implementation of the ASP pharmacist rounding service, the ASP pharmacist did not routinely attend rounds or communicate PAF recommendations directly to the ID consult service. Starting 1/3/22, the ASP pharmacists had daily (M-F) in-person discussions with the ID team regarding their patients’ antimicrobials. Audits performed between 1/4/21-12/30/21 and 1/3/22-4/29/22 on patients with an ID consult were included in the non-rounding cohort (NRC) and rounding cohort (RC), respectively. We compared PAF recommendation rates, characteristics, and acceptance rates between the two cohorts. Results There was an increase in PAF recommendation rate in the RC compared to NRC (188/485 [39%] vs 359/1234 [29%], p &amp;lt; 0.001). Antibiotics were the antimicrobial category mostly likely to have a recommendation and the rate of antibiotic PAF recommendations was higher in the RC compared to the NRC (132/341 [39%] vs. 271/934 [29%], p = 0.001) (Table 1). The most common recommendation types in both cohorts were to optimize the antimicrobial dose and antimicrobial discontinuation. Recommendations were more frequently communicated to the ID team in the RC compared to NRC (125/188 [66%] vs. 107/359 [30%], p &amp;lt; 0.001). The recommendation acceptance rate was similar between the two cohorts (159/188 [85%] RC vs. 290/359 [81%] NRC, p = 0.29). CNS: Central nervous system; IV: Intravenous; NRC: Non-rounding cohort; PAF: Prospective audit and feedback; PO: Per os, oral; RC: Rounding cohort; SSTI: Skin and soft tissue infection; UTI: Urinary tract infection. Conclusion Implementation of a pediatric ASP pharmacist rounding service increased the PAF recommendation rate and improved recommendation communication with the pediatric ID consult service. Participation in rounds may better inform ASP pharmacist PAF recommendations. Future studies describing the potential benefit to the ID team by having an ASP pharmacist present on rounds are warranted. ASPs should consider formal integration of ASP pharmacists as part of the ID consult service to further improve the quality of antimicrobial prescribing. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures.

Meta Path-Aware Recommendation Method Based on Non-Negative Matrix Factorization in LBSN

Location-based social networks (LBSN) is a new type of heterogeneous information network (HIN). The check-in data usually has the characteristics of a large amount of data and high sparsity. It is a problem worth studying how to effectively discover its complex community structure and accurately recommend it to users. Most HIN-based recommendation methods rely on path-based similarity, which cannot fully mine latent structure features of LBSN users and items. This paper proposes a meta-path-aware common clustering recommendation method MPNMF (meta-path-aware non-negative matrix factorization), based on non-negative matrix tri-factorization. By establishing the objective function based on non-negative matrix tri-factorization and second-order meta-path method, LBSN users and points of interest are integrated with their multi-dimensional heterogeneous relationships. The interrelated user clusters and interest point clusters can be obtained, effectively alleviating the influence of data sparsity. To solve the initial value problem of the model, this method uses the spectral cluster method, which provides a good initial value for the construction of the prediction model. It improves the operational efficiency of the model and the precision of model recommendations. Experiments on the real LBSN datasets show that the proposed method has a high recommendation precision and recall.

Characterizing Emergency Supply Kit Possession in the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemic: 2020-2021.

In the immediate aftermath of a disaster, household members may experience lack of support services and isolation from one another. To address this, a common recommendation is to promote preparedness through the preparation of an emergency supply kit (ESK). The goal was to characterize ESK possession on a national level to help the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guide next steps to better prepare for and respond to disasters and emergencies at the community level. The authors analyzed data collected through Porter Novelli's ConsumerStyles surveys in fall 2020 (n = 3625) and spring 2021 (n = 6455). ESK ownership is lacking. Overall, while most respondents believed that an ESK would help their chance of survival, only a third have one. Age, gender, education level, and region of the country were significant predictors of kit ownership in a multivariate model. In addition, there was a significant association between level of preparedness and ESK ownership. These data are an essential starting point in characterizing ESK ownership and can be used to help tailor public messaging, inform work with partners to increase ESK ownership, and guide future research.

Adult parasite burden and excretion of first-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus vasorum in dogs: Methodologically relevant diagnostic aspects and associations with serological detection of parasite antigen and specific antibodies

Angiostrongylus vasorum is a widely distributed cardiopulmonary parasite of canids in Europe. Clinical signs in dogs can be highly variable and diagnostically challenging. A correct and early diagnosis is hence indispensable to adequately manage affected patients. First-stage larvae (L1) are excreted in the faeces of definitive hosts and conventionally identified using the Baermann technique. Moreover, ELISAs for the detection of circulating antigen and specific antibodies have been presented. The current study aimed at i) quantitatively assessing larval migration in the Baermann funnel after 12 h and 24 h; ii) investigating the influence of sample storage at 4 °C over the course of three days on the number of detected L1; iii) evaluating potential associations of adult worm burdens with larval shedding in dogs and ELISA optical density (OD) values for circulating parasite antigen and specific antibodies. Faecal samples were obtained from naturally infected dogs (n = 21) and Baermann funnels were set up in duplicate over the course of four consecutive days (days 0–3) starting with the day of sample collection. Funnels were harvested on days 1–4 after 12 and 24 h, respectively, and the number of L1 per gram faeces (LPG) was determined. The LPG did not differ between larval harvest after 12 h from harvest after 24 h. Storage of faecal samples at 4 °C for two and three days entailed a considerable decrease in LPG. Adult worm burdens and larval excretion data from previous experiments demonstrated a correlation between worm burden and LPG. In contrast, no correlations between worm burden and the level of parasite antigen and specific antibody OD values, respectively, were identified. Thus, OD values of both antigen and antibody ELISA did not allow for conclusions on infection intensity reflected by the number of adult parasites. For the detection of L1 in faeces, 12 or 24 h of larval migration time was not discriminating for A. vasorum positivity. Thus, early processing of faecal samples is essential, since larval detection and hence sensitivity of the approach considerably decreased over the course of three days of storage. Therefore, the common recommendation to collect faecal samples for three consecutive days and to subsequently analyse them needs to be reconsidered. The results of this study can be readily translated into precise recommendations for daily practice to adequately assess A. vasorum infected dogs.

A novel cannabis education clinic for patients with cancer: Patient characteristics from initial visit.

298 Background: Patients with cancer express growing interest in using cannabis to alleviate symptoms and want information from their oncology care teams. However, most oncology clinicians report insufficient knowledge to discuss potential benefits and risks of cannabis with patients. Methods: We created the Cannabis and Cancer Research and Education Clinic (CanCaRE) to educate patients interested in cannabis use through 1:1 video consultations with an oncology advanced practice clinician. We also developed an electronic registry built in REDCap that tracks outcomes including NCI PRO-CTCAE symptom questionnaires. All patients receive an intake survey with questions about their diagnosis, cancer treatments, current symptom burden, cannabis use history, and current medications. Results: During the first 18 months of the CanCaRE clinic, 103 of the 130 patients seen for consultation completed the intake survey. All 16 of our clinic’s medical oncologists had at least one patient receive a consultation. Patients had diverse cancer diagnoses (breast (19%), gynecologic (15%), lung (11%), pancreas (11%)) and were more often white (84%), not currently using cannabis (74%), and female (60%), with a median age of 64 (range 26-92). Most respondents (41%) had stage IV disease with the remaining 32% stage I-III (28% unknown). Table outlines symptom burden at time of initial CanCaRE consultation. The percentage of patients using medications for symptoms was high; non-opioid analgesics (81%), antiemetics (52%), anxiety/depression meds (52%), sleep meds (39%), and opioids (30%). The most common initial cannabis product recommendation included an oral tablet/solution (2.5mg THC/2.5mg CBD) twice daily as well as a THC-dominant vaporizer (3-5mg THC per puff) as needed. Conclusions: The development of a cannabis clinic to provide patients with cancer personalized education and dosing guidance is novel and helps serve an unmet need. Patients have diverse cancer histories and express a high level of symptom burden. Patients and oncology care teams report high satisfaction with our clinic model. Initial cannabis dosing recommendations used a “start low, go slow” titration plan. Analysis has begun on cannabis use patterns and changes in symptoms/concomitant medications to further tailor recommendations that are safe, effective, and cost-efficient. Exploring ways to expand this clinic model to other cancer centers is underway.[Table: see text]

Comparative proteomic changes in rabbit vocal folds undergoing systemic dehydration and systemic rehydration

BackgroundA considerable body of clinical evidence suggests that systemic dehydration can negatively affect voice production, leading to the common recommendation to rehydrate. Evidence for the corrective benefits of rehydration, however, is limited with mixed conclusions, and biological data on the underlying tissue changes with rehydration is lacking. In this study, we used a rabbit model (n = 24) of acute (5 days) water restriction-induced systemic dehydration with subsequent rehydration (3 days) to explore the protein-level changes underlying the molecular transition from euhydration to dehydration and following rehydration using LC-MS/MS protein quantification in the vocal folds. We show that 5-day water restriction led to an average 4.3% decrease in body weight with relative increases in anion gap, Cl-, creatinine, Na+, and relative decreases in BUN, iCa2+, K+, and tCO2 compared to control (euhydrated) animals. A total of 309 differentially regulated (p < 0.05) proteins were identified between the Control and Dehydration groups. We observed a noteworthy similarity between the Dehydration and Rehydration groups, both well differentiated from the Control group, highlighting the distinct timelines of resolution of the clinical symptoms of systemic dehydration and the underlying molecular changes. SignificanceVoice disorders are a ubiquitous problem with considerable economic and psychological impact. Maintenance of proper hydration is commonly prescribed as a general vocal hygiene practice. There is evidence that dehydration negatively impacts phonation, but our understanding of the state of vocal folds in the context of systemic dehydration are limited, particular from a molecular perspective. Further, ours is a novel molecular study of the short-term impact of rehydration on the tissue. Given the relatively minimal difference in vocal fold proteomic profiles between the Dehydration and Rehydration groups, our data demonstrate a complex physiological response to acute systemic dehydration, and highlight the importance of considering persistent underlying molecular pathology despite the rapid resolution of clinical measures. This study sets a foundation for future research to confirm the nature of potential beneficial outcomes of clinical recommendations related to hydration.

Efficacy and safety of an e-consult program for COVID-19 vaccine allergy concerns.

Background: Although severe allergic reactions to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines are rare, fear of allergic reactions remains a major source of vaccine hesitancy. For concerned patients and providers alike, allergist consultation is recommended for further guidance on the risk of vaccination. The electronic consultation (e-consult) medium has the potential to make this guidance more widely accessible, thereby supporting vaccination efforts. Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of an e-consult program for COVID-19 vaccine allergy concerns. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of a single-center COVID-19 vaccine allergy e-consult program. Data on demographics, allergy history, and outcomes after recommendations were gathered via review of the electronic medical record (EMR). Patients without EMR data available following the e-consult were called to inquire about vaccination status. Results: Our study included 64 patients, most of whom (51.6% [33/64]) had e-consults placed for second-dose concerns. E-consults were completed within 2 days for all patients. The most common recommendation was that patients receive any COVID-19 vaccination available (62.5%, [40/64]). Forty-one patients (64.1%) were vaccinated after receiving recommendations from an allergist, 11 of whom (26.8%) reported a vaccine reaction. Most of these reactions were nonallergic (9/11 [81.2%]). No anaphylactic events were reported. Conclusion: Results of our study suggest that e-consults were a safe and effective method of providing guidance with regard to COVID-19 vaccine risk in patients with concerns about allergic reactions. The efficiency of this medium, highlighted by the 2-day turnaround time in our study, has the potential to expand access to vaccine risk evaluations by board-certified allergist/immunologists.

Floral resources predict the local bee community: Implications for conservation

Flowering plants provide critical resources for wild bees. Consequently, enhancing flowering plant communities through hedgerows or flower strips has become a common recommendation to support native pollinator populations. Meta-analysis finds that enhancements are associated with higher local bee diversity. However, many studies have also examined the impacts of unmanipulated (i.e., existing, naturally occurring) plant communities on the local bee community. These studies have typically been excluded from meta-analysis, leaving a partial picture of how local plant communities influence bees. We compiled studies of either approach that looked for an association between bee abundance and/or diversity and local floral resources, measured as floral abundance and/or diversity. From literature surveys, we discovered 60 relevant studies, from which we extracted 133 different effect sizes. Then, using meta-regression, we examined four relationships between floral community traits (i.e., floral abundance and diversity) and bee community traits (i.e., abundance and diversity). Overall, we found strong associations between the plant community and the bee community, regardless of study design, or ecosystem type. To ensure the support of abundant and diverse wild bee populations, our results indicate plant enhancements should be designed to optimize both floral diversity and abundance.

Applied Fuzzy and Analytic Hierarchy Process in Hybrid Recommendation Approaches for E-CRM

To create a personalized E-CRM recommendation system, the electronic customer relationship management system needs to investigate low accuracy and lack of personalization through applied hybrid recommendation system techniques such as fuzzy and AHP. The main purpose of this research is to enhance the accuracy and deep understanding of common recommendation techniques in E-CRM. The fuzzy and AHP techniques have been used in the current study to the available information of objects and to extend recommendation areas. The findings indicate that each of these strategies is appropriate for a recommendation system in a technological environment. The present study makes several noteworthy contributions to the fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and has the maximum accuracy of any of these approaches, with 66.67% of accuracy. However, AHP outperforms all others in terms of time complexity. We advocate the concept and implementation of an intelligent business recommendation system dependent on a hybrid approval algorithm that serves as a model for E–CRM recommendation systems. This recommendation system's whole design revolves on the hybrid recommendation system. The systems additionally incorporate the recommendation modules and the recommendation measurement updating framework. The recommendation modules include the formulation and development of material recommendation algorithms, element collaborative filtering recommendation algorithms, and demography-based recommendation algorithms.