Common Part Research Articles

Students’ interest in knowledge acquisition in Artificial Intelligence

Some students’ expectations and points of view related to the Artificial Intelligence course are explored and analyzed in this study. We anonymous collected answers from 58 undergraduate students out of 200 enrolled in the Computer Science specialization. The answers were analysed and interpreted using thematic analysis to find out their interests and attractive and unattractive aspects related to the Artificial Intelligence study topic. We concluded that students are interested in Artificial Intelligence due to its trendiness, applicability, their passion and interest in the subject, the potential for future growth, and high salaries. However, the students’ expectations were mainly related to achieving medium knowledge in the Artificial Intelligence field, and men seem to be more interested in acquiring high-level skills than women. The most common part that wasn't enjoyed by the students was the mathematical aspect used in Artificial Intelligence. Some of them (a small group) were also aware of the Artificial Intelligence potential which could be used in an unethical manner for negative purposes. Our study also provides a short comparison to the Databases course, in which students were not that passionate or interested in achieving medium knowledge, their interest was related to DB usage and basic information.

Fast Computation of RFD-Like Descriptors in Four Orientations

RFD-like binary descriptors have been designed to be fast and demonstrate good quality in image-matching tasks. One of those descriptors, RFDoc, produces state-of-the art results when applied to document localization systems. However, the computational efficiency of such descriptors strongly depends on their implementation. In this study, we consider the computation of RFD-like descriptors for an 8-bit single-channel image; provide a detailed implementation of the baseline algorithm; demonstrate its weak points; and propose four modifications. In those modifications, we investigate two ways to accelerate the descriptor computations: 1) compute common operations globally for the entire input image instead of computing them locally for every patch; or 2) use lookup tables to replace the most computationally demanding operations and minimize the number of conversions between integer and floating point types. Experiments on the document identification and localization task on the MIDV-2020 dataset have shown that the modifications with lookup tables are noticeably faster than the baseline, achieving a 2-2.6 times acceleration on x86 and ARM CPUs. Based on experimental results, modifications with global operations may outperform the baseline algorithm if there are many intersecting patches that require descriptor computation. We also demonstrated that one can use any of the proposed algorithms without loss of image-matching quality and without necessity to retrain the parameters of RFD-like descriptors. Finally, we propose an efficient way to compute the descriptors for four orientations of a patch, which is a important for document location systems. The proposed method reduces a common computation part for four orientations to a single run; thus, four descriptors are computed 3 times faster than the direct computation of the descriptors for four patches, as shown experimentally.

ХУДОЖНІЙ ПЕРЕКЛАД ЯК КРОС-КУЛЬТУРНА КОМУНІКАЦІЯ

The article carries out a cultural analysis of the importance of literary translation as cross-cultural communication in the process of intercultural interaction for the sake of theoretical understanding of the conditions and possibilities of maximum mutual understanding and transfer of experience between the cultures of different states. Like any kind of translation, artistic translation is a multifaceted and complex phenomenon. From an institutional point of view, it can be considered as a specific form of literary reception and cultural mediation, as a form of cultural production that takes place in a specific environment at the junction of two (often national) literatures and cultures. Literary translation is often motivated not only by the dynamics of local factors, but also by the dynamics of the global space of cultural exchange. The translator has the status of a mediator between cultures. The target text, like the original text, is a cultural semiotic product. translation is undoubtedly an act of intercultural communication; this should be the unquestionable starting point for any modern research in translation. It is obvious that the aim of the present article is not to challenge indisputable facts. Rather, the main point is that what presents itself as a unanimously accepted thesis is in fact open to multiple interpretations due to the polysemy of the term culture. The cultural aspects of translation are inevitably affected by the still unsettled debates about culture. The translator is a specialist in intercultural communication. He knows how to determine the most appropriate means of mediation for the desired meaning in a given socio-cultural context. Communication is a common and well-known part of our lives that we often do not pay attention to it's importance. Moreover, we often participate in the communication process only as senders and recipients of information without being aware that we are dealing with a complex process, which itself contains many interconnected steps with each other. Human society is built and exists precisely thanks to the human ability for communication. Cross-cultural communication is hard work that requires mediation, appropriation, and negotiation. The literary text is processed, consumed and interpreted by the target reader, the bearer of certain ideological and aesthetic views

Business process automation: New challenges to increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of companies

Background: Scientific and technical progress are unstoppable. Nowadays, information technology affects every sphere of social and economic life. The automation of business processes is a common part of business and accounting practice. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the automation in companies. Regularly occurring transactions, which were performed manually before, are gradually being replaced by information technology and automatic robotic systems. The companies fully use cloud storages, artificial intelligence, or blockchain technologies. Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to identify areas and possibilities for improvement of business and accounting processes with use of information technologies, digitalization, and automation. Methodology: For the purpose of the paper, a standard methodology review of literature sources was performed. Then we conducted a brief questionnaire survey in order to find out the level of automation and digitization of business processes in companies in the Slovak Republic. Findings and conclusions: It is expected that, as a result of robotization and automation of business processes, some professions will gradually disappear within a few decades. Even the crisis related to COVID19 pandemic had an impact on the acceleration of using information technologies in business processes related to their digitalization and automation. The paper describes possibilities of automation with focus on e-shop, which make the processes safer, faster, more effective, eco-friendly, with fewer errors. On the other hand, there are some challenges and threats the accounting entities have to consider when implementing artificial intelligence, information technology in their business processes, such as cyber security, the Internet and electricity outages. We have observed that companies in Slovakia have their business processes more or less automated. However, the automation is the domain of bigger and multinational companies. The higher initial costs related to automation are limitation for smaller companies that need to consider benefits and costs the automation requires. Limitations and future research: Our paper is based on the theoretical background with a brief research in the area of implementing information technologies in companies in the Slovak Republic. The number of returned questionnaire surveys that were the base for our brief and initial research was very low. More detailed analysis of level of automation in the Slovak companies in comparison with companies abroad, their readiness for changes related to automation, as well as threats, challenges, pros and cons of automation may be the topic for the future research.

FEM analysis of the hatch for special use

The thesis focuses on the design of a maintenance hole cover for a service shaft that will be located near the taxiway. Service shafts are a common part of airport taxiways, as they are necessary for the operation of the security and announcement systems that are present at every airport. Each piece of infrastructure that is used at an airport is subject to strict standards that must be met in order for the facility to be used at the airport. The main objective of this thesis is to analyse and simulate the stress tests that are specified by the standard followed by a thorough analysis.

Práticas translinguísticas na educação de imigrantes adultos surdos

ABSTRACT In the last decade, Sweden has received many deaf migrants with very diverse linguistic and educational backgrounds. When arriving in Sweden, they are expected to learn Swedish Sign Language (STS) and Swedish. For this study, we have used data from project Mulder, a four-year research project that aims to generate knowledge about deaf migrants’ multilingual situation in Sweden. The focus is on two folk high schools with programmes designated for deaf migrants. In this article, we describe how adult education for deaf migrants is organised in Sweden and examine how translanguaging practices are formed there. We found that translanguaging is a natural and common part of the multilingual classrooms, but also that the opportunities to translanguage depend highly on the individual’s repertoires and whether particular individuals have one or more languages in common or have a lingua franca. We also found that translanguaging is not always helpful in learning contexts if the teachers are not conscious and insightful when they mix languages.

Research on part-of-speech relationship between English-Chinese translation based on corpus

Based on the self-built English and Chinese translation corpus, this paper compares the differences between Chinese translation and English original texts, including English translation and Chinese original, makes clear the scope of common parts of speech to distinguish the category of text, analyzes and thinks about the differentiation of text language classes and the correlation degree of various language characteristics, and analyzes and studies the verb changes in English and Chinese translation.

Understanding the Use and Importance of Voice Stimulability Assessment Among Speech-Language Pathologists Who Treat Voice Disorders: An International Survey

Stimulability assessment is a common part of the voice evaluation, but little information exists about what is involved in the process, how it is measured, and how it impacts therapeutic decisions. The aim of this study was to establish the frequency, circumstances, techniques, and rationale for stimulability assessment among voice-specialized speech-language pathologists (SLPs). An anonymized online survey was distributed to voice-specialized SLPs through email lists, online communities, and professional networks. Surveys queried clinical demographic information, respondents' definition of stimulability, importance of stimulability assessment, frequency with which stimulability assessment is performed for various patient populations, preferred facilitating techniques, importance of stimulability assessment for a variety of clinical goals, and methods of measuring voice stimulability. Eighty-eight responses were analyzed. All respondents perform voice stimulability assessment, with 97% considering the practice important. Stimulability assessment is completed with all voice disorders and is consistently completed with muscle tension dysphonia, phonotraumatic disorders, vocal fold mobility disorders, and presbyphonia. Ninety-one percent of the sample does not use a structured stimulability assessment protocol. All respondents felt that stimulability is, to some degree, predictive of successful voice therapy outcomes. Resonance modifications and semi-occluded vocal tract techniques were the most commonly used facilitating strategies. Respondents felt that stimulability assessment was very important for assessing patient awareness, estimating prognosis, and identifying training gestures. Responding voice clinicians felt that stimulability assessment is an important part of the voice evaluation. This study provides information on how stimulability assessment is being used and outlines what is needed to study its impact.

The association of coronary artery disease with age, gender and affected coronary segments

The study aims to determine the age-gender distribution of individuals with and without coronary artery disease (CAD) and to analyze the percentage size of CAD detected in different coronary artery segments by gender, including the right coronary artery (RCA), left main coronary artery (LMCA), circumflex artery (Cx), and left anterior descending artery (LAD). The research was conducted in Batman Training and Research Hospital's digital subtraction angiography (DSA) unit using angiography data obtained between April 2019 and July 2020. Coronary arteries were divided into proximal, middle, and distal segments, and the stenosis size was measured as a percentage for each segment. Among patients with CAD, in the gender distribution, males showed a significantly higher prevalence than females at a rate of 85.62% (p<0.05). The group with the highest incidence of disease lesions in the age-related distribution was 51-60, accounting for 32.45% of cases. The most common parts of the narrowing in the distribution according to the coronary artery parts were LAD-middle (64.36%) and RCA-proximal (49.47%). Additionally, in the distribution of the lesioned coronary arteries detected in each heart, the involvement of Cx, LAD, and RCA collectively was the most frequent form of lesioned coronary artery distribution (p<0.05). Our study presents detailed data revealing the localization, occlusion size, age, and gender distribution of coronary artery disease, a condition associated with high mortality risk and is therefore of paramount importance. We believe that the presented data are particularly significant in the fields of anatomy, epidemiology, and cardiology.

Ethnobotanical study of Janachana community forest in Rautahat district, Nepal

Community forest user groups (CFUGs) have been receiving different ecosystem services and facilities from the community forest, which are very crucial in their daily life activities. The present study is aimed at identifying the facilities and services received from the different plant species in the Janachana Community Forest, Rautahat district, Nepal. Altogether, 84 members of community forest groups participated in an interview using a semi-structured questionnaire. In total, 65 plants were identified in the study area for use as medicine, firewood, fodder, bedding, food, and other purposes. However, most plants were used as fodder for livestock. Altogether, fifty-eight plant species (89%) were used for multiple purposes (more than one use) and seven (11%) species were used for single purpose. Among the reported plant species, thirty species were used for medicinal purposes. Seeds and leaves were common parts of the plant used as medicine. Most of the plants were used to treat gastritis, cough, and blood clots, which seem to have high prevalence inthe study area. These results imply the various benefits taken by the CFUGs from the community forest in their daily life.

Pattern to improve reusability of numerical simulation: Object-Action pattern

Advances in computer technology have made it possible to simulate various phenomena. In this study, we propose a meta-structure of a physical phenomenon as a pattern for efficient development of simulation systems. We first focus on dynamic phenomena such as simulations of physical phenomena, and clarify the pattern based on the structure of differential algebraic equations. The pattern consists of a phenomenon-independent part (Object) and a phenomenon-dependent part (Action). In addition, variables unique to each phenomenon are given to the relationship between phenomena-dependent terms. By using such a structure, it becomes possible to separate the specific and common parts of each phenomenon, and to define a structure that can be flexibly applied to various problems. In this paper, we present the effectiveness of the pattern by applying the pattern not only to a simulation of physical phenomena, but also to a simulation of infectious diseases. We also show the relationship between Objects as expressed by Action.

Uncertainty measurement of a configurable business process

AbstractToday, the economic crisis is putting enormous pressure on most organizations. It evolves in a crucial competitive environment with a multiplication of production cycles and implementation on the market. Due to this dynamism, organizations must be scalable and agile by adopting an approach that aims to make the process model of a given organization reusable. Indeed, according to the new paradigm which is called “Design by reuse” the models of configurable processes, gain recently in importance since these models have the capacity to represent explicitly the common parts and variables of identical processes in a customizable model. These configurable process which group several execution choices through a variation point called configurable connector will present an uncertainty related to the execution (or not) of the conditional tasks in a process model. In this paper, we propose a measure based on Shannon's entropy in order to model the uncertainty of the process at design time to guide configurable business process designers and analysts in developing and improving processes to be more predictable, less complex, and more understandable.

Strategic Change Management and Performance of National Hospital Insurance Fund in Kenya

Change is inherent in contemporary organizations and its management is not only critical to organizational performance and survival but is also at the centre of organization development. Since the performance of organizations is dependent on the fit between them and their environment, any change in environment require firms to adapt to the environment. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of strategic change management on performance of the National Hospital Insurance Fund in Kenya. The specific objectives of this study were; to establish the effect of technology change management on performance of the National Hospital Insurance Fund, Kenya, to determine the effect of leadership change management on performance of the National Hospital Insurance Fund in Kenya, to assess the effect of culture change management on performance of the National Hospital Insurance Fund in Kenya and to establish the effect of environmental change management on performance of the National Hospital Insurance Fund in Kenya. This study was informed by resource based view theory, theory of reasoned action and change theory. The study adopted descriptive research design. The target population of the study was made up of 200 employees at NHIF headquarter in Nairobi. Census approach was used to study all the 200 employees made up both management employees and junior employees. Before data collection, both validity and reliability testing was conducted to test for the suitability of the research tools. The primary data was collected using structured questionnaires. Pilot study was done involving 13 respondents. Content validity was used to test for validity. Cronbach Alpha coefficient was used in testing reliability. The collected data was analyzed using both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation was adopted. The relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables was tested using linear regression model and correlation analysis. The results were then presented in form of figures, tables and chats. The study established that technology change management, leadership change management, culture change management and environmental change management had a positive and significant influence on performance. The study concluded that technology assists organizations with managing changes to operations. Implementing change leadership can make many positive impacts on organizations and aids the management in reaching the organizational goals through problem solving, executing changes such as developing new marketing strategies can build a business's brand and help a business fulfill their mission. Organization culture grows around shared beliefs and attitudes, it is an authentic, and therefore effective, tool in organizations. Environmental change management is a common part of business growth. Regardless of the reason for the change, understanding why companies implement change strategies can help the management navigate fluctuating circumstances in their organization. The study recommended that a technology change management team requires a special combination of skills and personalities. The organization should ensure that their leaders have the right tools to guide them. The organization culture should encompass existing qualities that have been recognized across all levels of the company and then tightly defined, rather than plucked out of thin air and enforced upon the business. The study also recommended that the organization should establish a sense of urgency - inspire people to move, make objectives real and relevant.

A Fusion Crowd Simulation Method: Integrating Data with Dynamics, Personality with Common

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel crowd simulation method which integrates not only modelling ideas but also advantages from both data‐driven methods and crowd dynamics methods. To seamlessly integrate these two different modelling ideas, first, a fusion crowd motion model is developed. In this model the motion of crowd are driven dynamically by different forces. Part of the forces are modeled under a universal interaction mechanism, which describe the common parts of crowd dynamics. Others are modeled by examples from real data, which describe the personality parts of the agent motion. Second, a construction method for example dataset is proposed to support the fusion model. In the dataset, crowd trajectories captured in the real world are decomposed and re‐described under the structure of the fusion model. Thus, personality parts hidden in the real data could be locked and extracted, making the data understandable and migratable for our fusion model. A comprehensive crowd motion generation workflow using the fusion model and example dataset is also proposed. Quantitative and qualitative experiments and user studies are conducted. Results show that the proposed fusion crowd simulation method can generate crowd motion with the great motion fidelity, which not only match the macro characteristics of real data, but also has lots of micro personality showing the diversity of crowd motion.

Quasi-Fuchsian vs negative curvature metrics on surface groups

We compare two families of left-invariant metrics on a surface group Γ = π1(Σ) in the context of course-geometry. One family comes from Riemannian metrics of negative curvature on the surface Σ, and another from quasi-Fuchsian representations of Γ. We show that the Teichmüller space $${\cal T}$$ (Σ) is the only common part of these two families, even when viewed from the coarse-geometric perspective.

Subspace-based minority oversampling for imbalance classification

In pattern classification, the class imbalance problem always occurs when the number of observations in some classes is significantly different from that of other categories, which leads to the learning bias in the classifiers. One possible solution to this problem is to re-balance the training set by over-sampling the minority class. However, over-samplings always push the classification boundaries to the majority part, thus the recall increases while the precision decreases. To avoid this situation and better handle the class imbalance problem, this paper proposes a new over-sampling method, namely Subspace-based Minority Over-Sampling (abbr. SMO). This approach considers that each category of samples is formed by common and unique characteristics, and such characteristics can be extracted by subspace. To obtain the balanced data, the common part is over-sampled for more accurately depicting the minority, and the unique part can be expanded by some generative methods. The balanced data are obtained by restoring the generated products of the subspace to the original space. The experimental results demonstrate that the SMO has the ability to model complex data distributions and outperforms both classical and newly designed over-sampling algorithms. Also, SMO can be used to generate simple images, and the generation results of MNIST can be clearly identified by both human vision and machine vision.

Clinical Сharacteristics of Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Retrospective Comparative Study of 58 Females

INTRODUCTION. Low back pain (LBP) is a common discomfort in young women during pregnancy and after childbirth. These female patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) have unique clinical manifestations, but few studies have been reported. AIM. To investigate the clinical characteristics of female patients with LDH after childbirth and to provide basis for rehabilitation andtreatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We collected the clinical data of 58 female patients with LDH, analyzed the clinical characteristics. We usedCT scan to determine the location and type of LDH, observed the dural sac of lumbar intervertebral disc, serum 25 hydroxyvitaminD (25[OH] D) levels were measured and compared with healthy women and pregnant women. RESULTS. Our results showed that according to the age distribution of patients with low back pain was the most common among 30-34years old, accounting for 43.1% of all patients. Patients with LDH accounted for the highest proportion of patients with LBP, up to 55.2%.L4-L5 segment was the most common part of LDH, accounting for 46.9%, followed by L5-S1 segment, accounting for 31.3%. Protrusionwas the most common type of LDH, accounting for 84.4%. Among 34 patients with LDH, 15 patients (46.9%) had dural sac compression.The serum 25(OH) D level of patients with LDH was 11.36±5.16 ng/ml, lower than that of healthy women (first control group, 15.22±3.42ng/ml, p=0.022), and pregnant women (second control group, 18.95±6.94 ng/ml, p<0.011). CONCLUSION. LDH is one of the main causes of LBP in female patients. Female patients with LDH have their specific features in terms ofage distribution, location and type of intervertebral disc herniation, especially the serum 25(OH)D level of female patients is significantlylow. To clarify the clinical characteristics of female patients with LDH is very important for the rehabilitation treatment.

Simplification and Electronisation of Administrative Procedure in the Visegrad Group Countries - a Sociological and Legal Approach

Purpose: The purpose of the research was to examine the sociological issues related to the biographical experience of a participant in the administrative procedure in the Visegrad Group countries (the perception of public administration bodies and their organisation, current demands of the public in the field of public administration activities, providing appropriate tangible and intangible tools for officials). The secondary goal of the research was to determine the nature, significance, consequences and form of comprehensive modernisation of existing simplifications of the administrative procedure (The author understands the concept of simplification of administrative procedure as “an administrative procedure separated from the general administrative procedure and characterized by simplification of general normative solutions”). Since the scope of the concept of ”electronisation of administrative procedure” does not fully include the concept of ”simplification of administrative procedure”, the research referred to two areas of the administrative procedure that are complementary to each other (the relationships that occur between them, including by specifying common and separate parts of electronisation of administrative procedure, e.g. in the scope of keeping and making available files of procedure in electronic form). Moreover, solutions were presented in the field of simplification and electronisation of administrative procedures in the V4 Group countries, in institutional, subjective and objective terms.Design/Methodology/Approach: The analysis of domestic and foreign legal texts was used to implement the research assumptions (general legal regulation of administrative procedure presented by the Codes of Administrative Procedure and COVID-19 regulations in the V4 Group countries). Empirical research using sociological research methods was conducted in connection with the analysis of currently applicable simplifying solutions [the author implemented a component of social research using both qualitative methods – individual in-depth interviews with adult residents with biographical experience of being a participant in the administrative procedure (20 adults – 5 from each country of the V4 Group) as well as quantitative methods – online survey with participants of the administrative procedure (120 adults – 30 from each country of the V4 Group)]. In the research, the statistical method was applied to better illustrate the effectiveness of the currently conducted administrative procedure and to answer the hypotheses regarding the legitimacy of the development of the idea of administrative simplification.Findings: The analysis shows that it is not yet possible to speak of an advanced development of administrative procedure in the Visegrad countries. The delay of the public administration in applying solutions that simplify administrative procedure is mainly due to unclear regulations and significant financial outlays needed. The above state of affairs has a negative impact not only on entities participating in the procedure but also on public administration bodies and administrative courts.Practical Implications/Originality/Value: The initiated process of simplifying and electronising administrative procedure must always take the form of comprehensive legal solutions that will allow for effective and efficient operation of public administration bodies and enable individuals to exercise their fundamental rights. Therefore, the article presents the latest difficulties related to the administrative procedure and examples of their solution.

What music teacher will I be? A case study on the teaching philosophies of last-year pre-service Swedish music teachers

Written teaching philosophies are a common part of applications for music teaching positions. However, their contents are not commonly addressed in the music-education research literature. At the present study, I aim to explore the beliefs in practicing the profession as expressed in those statements and based on the case of last-year pre-service music teachers at a Swedish university. The results showed four different areas of concern: methodology-related, self-related, curriculum-related and student-related aspects. Furthermore, I discuss the impossibility to classify the underlying philosophies within the traditional ones in music education and the implications for the professional world.

Range Spectral Filtering in SAR Interferometry: Methods and Limitations.

A geometrical decorrelation constitutes one of the sources of noise present in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferograms. It comes from the different incidence angles of the two images used to form the interferograms, which cause a spectral (frequency) shift between them. A geometrical decorrelation must be compensated by a specific filtering technique known as range filtering, the goal of which is to estimate this spectral displacement and retain only the common parts of the images' spectra, reducing the noise and improving the quality of the interferograms. Multiple range filters have been proposed in the literature. The most widely used methods are an adaptive filter approach, which estimates the spectral shift directly from the data; a method based on orbital information, which assumes a constant-slope (or flat) terrain; and slope-adaptive algorithms, which consider both orbital information and auxiliary topographic data. Their advantages and limitations are analyzed in this manuscript and, additionally, a new, more refined approach is proposed. Its goal is to enhance the filtering process by automatically adapting the filter to all types of surface variations using a multi-scale strategy. A pair of RADARSAT-2 images that mapped the mountainous area around the Etna volcano (Italy) are used for the study. The results show that filtering accuracy is improved with the new method including the steepest areas and vegetation-covered regions in which the performance of the original methods is limited.