The association of coronary artery disease with age, gender and affected coronary segments

Abstract

The study aims to determine the age-gender distribution of individuals with and without coronary artery disease (CAD) and to analyze the percentage size of CAD detected in different coronary artery segments by gender, including the right coronary artery (RCA), left main coronary artery (LMCA), circumflex artery (Cx), and left anterior descending artery (LAD). The research was conducted in Batman Training and Research Hospital's digital subtraction angiography (DSA) unit using angiography data obtained between April 2019 and July 2020. Coronary arteries were divided into proximal, middle, and distal segments, and the stenosis size was measured as a percentage for each segment. Among patients with CAD, in the gender distribution, males showed a significantly higher prevalence than females at a rate of 85.62% (p<0.05). The group with the highest incidence of disease lesions in the age-related distribution was 51-60, accounting for 32.45% of cases. The most common parts of the narrowing in the distribution according to the coronary artery parts were LAD-middle (64.36%) and RCA-proximal (49.47%). Additionally, in the distribution of the lesioned coronary arteries detected in each heart, the involvement of Cx, LAD, and RCA collectively was the most frequent form of lesioned coronary artery distribution (p<0.05). Our study presents detailed data revealing the localization, occlusion size, age, and gender distribution of coronary artery disease, a condition associated with high mortality risk and is therefore of paramount importance. We believe that the presented data are particularly significant in the fields of anatomy, epidemiology, and cardiology.