Common Name Research Articles

Effect of Resistance Training Programme on Selected Physical and Physiological Variables among under 18-19 Basketball Women Players

A sport is an activity that is governed by a set of rules or customs and often engaged competitively. Sports commonly refers to activities where, the physical capability of the competitor are the sole or primary determinant of the outcome (winning or losing), but the term is also used to include activities such as mind sports (a common name for some card games and board games with little to no element of chance) and motor sports where mental acuity or equipment quality are major factors. Sports are commonly defined as an organized, competitive and skillfull physical activity requiring commitment fair play. Some view sports as differing from games based on the fact that there are usually higher levels of organization and profit (not always monetary) involved in sports. Accurate records are kept and update for most sports at the highest levels, while failures and accomplishments are widely announced in sport news. The term sports are sometimes extended to encompass all competitive activities in which offense and defence are played, regardless of the level of physical activity. Both games of skill and motor sport exhibit many of the characteristics of physical sports, such as skill, sportsmanship, and at the highest levels, even professional sponsorship associated with physical sports.

IgE Antibody Assay-Based Allergen Database(CLSI-IL/A-37)

There are 8 established allergen databases (IUIS/WHO ANDB, Allergome, AllFam, AllergenOnline, SDAP, COMPARE, IEDB and AllerBase).None of these provide a comprehensive listing of the internationally-accepted nomenclature codes and Linnean system descriptors of the~1000 extract and molecular allergens used world-wide in diagnostic single-and multi-plex IgE antibody assays. The new Diagnostic Allergen DataBase (DADB) has been prepared by an international scientific committee of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute to specifically provide these data together in a readily-searchable Excel database. Using peanut as an example, the DADB lists the allergens’ unique assay working codes (F13), general category (food), principal IgE antibody assay method(s) where the allergen specificity is available, common name (peanut), taxonomical name (Arachis hypogaea), and the NCBI, NPU, LOINC, Allergome and IUIS/WHO descriptor codes for allergens and their assays. The DADB benefits manufacturers of allergen-specific IgE assays by providing unambiguous specificity descriptors. With the DADB, allergen extract manufacturers will have clearly defined specificity targets for allergenic product development. Government regulators will have clarity on the specificity of new allergen reagents that are being submitted for clearance. IgE antibody proficiency testing programs (e.g. CAP) will be able to clearly define the IgE antibody specificities being measured in their challenge sera. The clinician will precisely know the allergen specificity of IgE antibody that is measured in their reference laboratory. Finally, the allergic patient will be assured that their allergic sensitization is being assessed in an assay with a well-characterized allergen reagent.

(380) The Effect of Contemporary Oncologic Agents on Fertility Outcomes: A Review of the Literature

Abstract Introduction There is a growing number of referrals to urologists for oncofertility inquiries and concerns. Contemporary oncologic agents and their effect on fertility outcomes remain poorly understood. No study to date has evaluated the most common chemotherapeutic, immunologic, and targeted therapies seen by urologists and assessed their respective impacts on fertility. Objective We evaluated the effect of common contemporary chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy regimens on fertility outcomes. Methods We performed a single institutional review of all oncologic drugs taken by patients in the hematology/oncology clinic over the past five years (April, 2018- April, 2023). Agents were defined as contemporary if approval was received by the Food and Drug Administration 2006 or later. A review of the literature was conducted using PubMed to evaluate the effects on fertility for each drug. The MESH terms included agents [common name] OR [brand name] AND [sperm] OR [fertility] OR [infertility] OR [pregnancy] OR [birth] OR [reproductive] OR [reproduction] OR [ovarian] OR [testicular]. Search results for each agent were classified as “fertility impacted” or “fertility not impacted”. Studies were excluded if the primary aim or. secondary aim included fertility outcomes as a direct impact of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or target therapy. Results We identified 75 patients who were treated with 28 unique contemporary oncologic agents. At least half of these agents demonstrated fertility inquiries in multiple patients referred. Agents with consultation >5 occasions included brentuximab (9), pembroluzimab (8), blinotumomab (8), pazopanib (6), and nivolumab (6). A total of 2,629 studies resulted from our search of which 56 studies met inclusion criteria determined by two independently blinded reviewers. Impact on fertility was defined as impaired spermatogenesis, reduced total sperm count/function, hypogonadism, impaired folliculogenesis or decreased ovarian reserve/function. Eight studies were conducted on animal models. Thirty-two studies reported an impact on fertility. Agents mostly commonly demonstrating fertility concerns included Melphalan (14), Ipilimumab (4), Pembrolizumab (3), Olaparib (2), and Trametinib (2). The most common drug classes affecting fertility outcomes included alkylating agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors. The majority of agents had only one study assessing fertility outcomes. At least a third of agents had literature to both support and oppose their impact on fertility. Conclusions Contemporary oncologic agents demonstrate significant variability in their impact on fertility. There is limited consensus on fertility outcomes amongst common oncologic agents referred to urologists for fertility workup. Evidence supporting negative fertility impacts is more commonly demonstrated among alkylating agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, the available literature regarding the fertility impact of contemporary oncologic agents is limited and varied, reinforcing the need for provider familiarity and future research. Disclosure No.

E-Cigarette "Tobacco Flavor," How Do I Name Thee? Let Me Count the Ways….

In recent years, hundreds of jurisdictions around the world have enacted policies that prohibit sales of flavored e-cigarettes. In most cases, these jurisdictions permit the sale of tobacco flavored e-cigarettes. We sought to understand how tobacco flavor in e-cigarette advertisements were presented. Our sample included 2966 U.S. English-language e-cigarette ads compiled by a market research firm, Numerator, that ran from January 2018 to December 2020. We describe the prevalence of different tobacco flavor names in our sample and classified each name into one of the following thematic categories: Traditional Tobacco, Pipe/Cigar Tobacco, Sensory Expectancies, Color, Physical Attribute, Place, and non-characterizing Concept flavor. In our sample, 28% (n = 832/2966) of ads promoted at least one tobacco flavored e-cigarette product (e-cigarette device or liquid). Across the 832 ads, we counted 1019 tobacco flavored products and identified 51 unique tobacco flavor names. The most common tobacco flavor names were Traditional Tobacco names like "Tobacco" (n = 393), "Classic tobacco" (n = 107) and 'Original' (n = 59). Some names were associated with Color (eg, 'Golden tobacco'; n = 153), Sensory Expectancy (eg, 'Rich tobacco'; n = 148), Place where tobacco cultivation takes place (eg, 'Carolina tobacco'; n = 83), Physical Attributes of tobacco (eg, 'Cut tobacco'; n = 17) and non-characterizing Concept flavor (eg, 'Freedom juice'; n = 14). Few tobacco flavors suggested a type of Pipe/Cigar Tobacco (eg, "Cavendish"; n = 4). We identified 51 different tobacco flavor names, highlighting the practice describing the flavor beyond "tobacco." Future research can investigate whether these flavor names and descriptors influence consumers' perceptions, including perceived risks, of e-cigarette products. Flavors are used to market e-cigarettes. Globally, many jurisdictions restrict flavored e-cigarette sales, but few restrict tobacco flavor. This study identified 51 unique ways tobacco flavored e-cigarettes have been named in a sample of U.S. English-language ads, suggesting diversified ways to market "tobacco." We identified several sub-categories of tobacco flavor names that rely on Color, Sensory Expectancies, and non-characterizing Concept flavor attributes. As e-cigarette flavor restrictions that exempt tobacco flavor are still prevalent, this study highlights the need for continued monitoring of naming conventions of tobacco flavored products and examination of how nuanced flavor names influence perceptions and expectations.

Ice Nucleation Under Climatically Changing Biotic and Abiotic Conditions in Himalayas: A Case Study of Naran, Mansehra District, Pakistan

Water has grave significance in human life and ice nucleation and rain are the two biggest sources of fresh water. In climate changing variables like temperature and other abiotic factors parallel to biotics factors paly vital role in natural process including ice nucleation. In order to have deep insight of ice nucleation process a data of abiotic factors like temperature, pH, wind direction was not only assessed but synchronized with biotics factors by taking example of two commonly spread species (chir and Diar common names) in the study area. In the study, it is revealed that temperature variation impacts ice nucleation process by lowering temperature from -1°C to -10°C. Analyzing temperature data between 2002 to 2022 reveals cycles impacting environmental phenomenon and other climate dynamics. Experimental data shoes inverse relationship with number of frozen drops and temperature. It is observed that bacterial presence in the atmosphere increases probability of ice nucleation. GIS reports indicate snow direct relation with vegetation signifying presence of biotic factors for ice nucleation.

The Mien people's ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plant use in Thailand and Vietnam

Abstract. Panyadee P, Pongamornkul W, Van On T, Trong ND, Giang PTL, Kim LT, Inta A, Sirisa-Ard P, Chansakaow S. 2024. The Mien people's ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plant use in Thailand and Vietnam. Biodiversitas 25: 79-96. This study investigates the ethnomedicinal practices of the Mien people in Thailand and Vietnam, focusing on the diversity of medicinal plant usage and its implications for healthcare and traditional knowledge conservation. Through semi-structured interviews with key informants during transect walks in local forests and home gardens, data on 199 medicinal plant species were gathered, including vernacular names, plant parts used, preparation, and usage methods. Analysis revealed a significant use of these species, with 41 utilized for various health purposes in both countries, treating ailments related to reproductive systems (45 species), body strengthening (29 species), and the digestive system (21 species). In ethnobotanical practices, there were distinct preferences for plant parts. In Thailand, stems (29%), leaves (26%), whole plants (18%), and roots (14%) were predominantly used, while in Vietnam, leaves (29%), stems (24%), whole plants (19%), and roots (11%) were more common. A Spearman's rank correlation showed a strong positive correlation (0.77, p <0.001) between these preferences in both countries. The study documented 81 ailments across 23 health categories. Thailand reported 45 ailments in 20 categories, and Vietnam 67 in 19 categories. Reproductive health, musculoskeletal health, and body wellness strengthening were pivotal, with strong correlations in healthcare practices between the countries (correlation 0.75, p <0.001). Reproductive Health mainly involved postpartum treatment, Musculoskeletal Health focused on pain relief and rheumatism treatments, and Body Wellness Strengthening used plants as tonics and for relaxation. This research underscores the importance of preserving traditional knowledge and the potential of traditional medicine in rural healthcare. It also highlights the scope and focus of the Mien communities' healthcare practices, providing valuable insights for future research and drug development.

Antimicrobial potential of essential oil artemisia sieversiana: a medicinal plant from the high altitude nubra valley, Ladakh

Artemisia sieversiana Ehrh. ex Willd. (common name: wormwood; family: Asteraceae) is a medicinal plant thriving at high altitudes. It is extensively utilized in traditional folk medicine by various ethnic communities to alleviate and treat a wide range of health issues. However, despite its widespread use, the chemical characterization and identification of bioactive compounds responsible for these benefits is still incomplete, especially in the context of Trans−Himalayan region. Prior research has demonstrated the substantial efficacy of this plant against various pathogenic bacteria, although these studies utilized essential oil (EO) extracted from different geographic regions. There is a need for further research to explore the antibacterial activity of A. sieversiana EO from the Trans−Himalayan, Ladakh region, as the unique environmental conditions of this region may influence the plant’s chemical composition and biological activity. This research therefore focusses on characterizing the phytochemical composition and evaluating the antibacterial properties of EO extracted from A. sieversiana, specifically from the Nubra valley, Ladakh (India). The antimicrobial potential of A. sieversiana essential oil was tested against a diverse spectrum of gram-negative (Erwinia herbicola and Pseudomaonas syringae) and gram-positive bacteria (Bacillius cereus, B. pumilus, Rhodococcus fasciens, and Streptomyces scabiei) plant and food pathogenic bacteria. Gas Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry (GC−MS) analysis led to the identification of 28 components with camphor (18.8%), borneol (11.2%), and 1,8−cineole (9.7%) as the major constituents. Further, the EO was more active against gram−positive bacteria, with a greater inhibition percentage for all gram−positive bacteria (24.68%−38.90%) than for gram−negative bacteria (0%−50.19%) at 10 µg mL−1. Moreover, the antibacterial activity showed a concentration dependent response, escalating from 24.68% to complete inhibition (100%) as the EO concentration increased from 10 to 160 µg mL−1. Notably, the EO demonstrated strongest activity against B. pumilus, even more than the common antibiotic Rifampicin. Among gram−negative bacteria, Erwinia herbicola showed the highest susceptibility. This observation shows that the essential oil of A. sieversiana exhibits promising antimicrobial activity and highlighted their potential for further exploration and utilization.

The Armed Forces and Police of Independent Rhodesia (1965-1979). Part 2: The Armed Forces

This article is devoted to the study of the functioning of the Rhodesian Security Forces (the common name of the Rhodesian Police and Army forces) during the years of its de facto independence from 1965 to 1979. The object of the study is the Rhodesian Security Forces. The subject of the study in this (second) part of the work is the activities of the armed forces of Rhodesia after its declaration of independence. The authors studied the history of the development of the armed forces of Rhodesia from the moment of its participation in World War II to the end of the war with the rebels in 1979-1980. Also, the authors present data on the number, racial composition, technical equipment, main units and their structure, and other information about the armed forces of Rhodesia. The strategy of countering the rebels and its transformation during the conflict is presented separately. The research methodology is based on general scientific research methods (abstract-logical method, classification method), as well as on special historical research methods (historical-genetic and narrative research methods). The scientific novelty of the work consists in a detailed description of the process of functioning and development of the armed forces of independent Rhodesia during the armed confrontation with the rebels (1965-1979). After the declaration of independence, the armed forces of Rhodesia, like the police, faced significant difficulties in ensuring combat capability, however, even in such conditions they managed to maintain phenomenally high combat capability and continue to improve. Based on this article, it is possible to draw conclusions about the decisive role played by the armed forces of Rhodesia in the existence of a country engulfed in counter-terrorism throughout its existence. Separately, it should be noted that the Rhodesian army was not racist, since a significant number of black soldiers served in its ranks, especially during the years of armed conflict with the rebels (1965-1979).

Association of FGF4L1 Retrogene Insertion with Prolapsed Gland of the Nictitans (Cherry Eye) in Dogs.

Cherry eye is the common name for prolapse of the nictitans gland, a tear-producing gland situated under the third eyelid of dogs. Cherry eye is characterized by a red fleshy protuberance in the corner of the eye, resembling a cherry. This protrusion is a displacement of the normal gland of the third eyelid, thought to be caused by a defect in the connective tissue that secures the gland in place. Options for treatment may include anti-inflammatory medications in mild cases, but surgical replacement of the gland is usually indicated. Cherry eye is most often seen in dogs under the age of two years, with certain breeds having a higher incidence, suggesting a potential genetic association. Integration of panel genetic testing into routine clinical practice allows for the generation of large numbers of genotyped individuals paired with clinical records and enables the investigation of common disorders using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach at scale. In this investigation, several thousand cases and controls for cherry eye in both purebred dogs and mixed breeds are used for a large-scale GWAS, revealing a single peak of genome-wide significance on canine chromosome 18, directly at the location of the previously identified FGF4 insertion known to cause chondrodysplasia in several breeds.

From the name to the popular image of the plant: the Polish names for the black elder (Sambucus nigra)

The names of plants convey information on their appearance (shape, structure, colour), taste or smell, their uses (practical, ceremonial, magical and medicinal) as well as the beliefs and convictions associated with them. Assuming that the particular features of plants, entrenched in their names, must have been important to language users for some reason, the analysis of plant names can help reconstruct traditional knowledge about plants. The author analyses the standard and dialectal names for the black elder (Sambucus nigra) in Polish, juxtaposing the plant’s features revealed in its names (linguistic data) with the cultural accounts associated with the plant (“with-linguistic” data). This allows for the reconstruction of the following features of the plant: (a) the appearance of the shrub, (b) the properties of its fruit, (c) the smell of the plant, (d) the place where it grows, (e) the time of harvesting, (f) its use in folk medicine and (g) the association of the plant with impure powers and diseases. The conducted analyses show that reaching for hard “linguistic evidence” (standard and folk names) makes it possible to compile hierarchies of the characteristics of the plants described. Situating these names against the background of “with-linguistic” data leads to the conclusion that folk nomenclature and folk knowledge enrich and complement each other. The vast number of names for the black elder with different onomasiological bases, presenting different points of view, also demonstrate the relationship between the degree of lexical differentiation and the cultural meaning of the plant. The ethnolinguistic analysis of the names for the black elder (Sambucus nigra), similarly to ethnobotanical studies of folk plant names, provides insights into past and contemporary uses of the plant. Thus, it can provide a starting point for further ethnobotanical research.

GC/MS Analysis of Essential oil distilled from Arum rupicola Boiss. var. rupicola (Araceae)

Aim: Arum rupicola Boiss. var. rupicola with a vernacular name of Dağ Sorsalı, are used etnobotanically for hemorroid, eczema, rheumatism, and cancer. Essential oil combination of A. rupicola var. rupicola, under the lower risk (lc) threatened category because of the excess gathering was investigated. 
 Methods: The above ground samples of Arum rupicola Boiss. var. rupicola was collected from Palamut province of Antalya (Kaş) and essential oil was taken by hydrodistillation method with Clevenger apparatus. The essential oil composition was analysed by Gas chromatography (GC) and Gas chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) systems simultaneously. 
 Results: As a result of, (E)-geranyl acetone (15%) was the main compound while hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (9.2%), nonanal (6.8%), heptacosan (6.5%), farnesyl acetone (5.0%), tricosan (4.9%), ve 2-dodecanone (3.8%) followed.
 Conclusion: Farnesyl acetone (5%) and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (9.2%) sesquiterpenes were new records for A. rupicola var. rupicola volatile oil content. The only species is Arum creticum consisting α-farnesene (95%) as its taxonomical feature. A. rupicola var. rupicola has farnesyl acetone and hexahydrofarnesyl aceton being known a flagy and odourless species.

Studies of the Indigenous Edible Wild Fruits of Etche Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria

In the past, Indigenous Edible Wild Fruits (IEWFs) were vital source of food and nutrition in Etche Local Government Area. These plant species were highly nutritious and assisted in poverty alleviation and enhanced food security in Etche. Presently, due to the teeming population and the anthropogenic activities in the area especially the farming practice of the local people, the availability and rate of consumption of the IEWFs have been negatively impacted. Information about these economic plant species that are domiciled in Etche has not been properly documented. This investigation seeks to fill the gap. IEWFs were identified in ten (10) study area communities. Scientific names, common names, local names, families, habits, habitat and locality of the plants were documented. It was observed that 36 plant species drawn from 29 genera, representing 23 families were Indigenous Edible Wild Fruits consumed regularly by Etche people. The study revealed that the fruit plants were 39% trees, 42% shrubs, 8% herbs and 11% climbers. In addition, most of the edible plant species in the area were exclusively found in the wild while a few were domesticated and some of them served as a source of income for some households. The study observed a decline in the diversity of species due to depletion of forest resources through bush burning, deforestation and exploitation of flora by the rural dwellers for other purposes.

The Oldest Bryophyte Herbarium Specimens from Central Europe, Collected by M. E. Boretius in 1717: Taxonomy, Nomenclature, Datation and Ethnopharmacology

The WA Herbarium at the University of Warsaw houses a collection of plants created in 1717 by Matthew Ernest Boretius. They were gathered in former East Prussia, near Angerburg, now Węgorzewo (Poland). It is the oldest plant collection from this part of Europe. Boretius compiled the herbarium as a collection of all the surrounding plants, but their folk names (Polish and German) recorded in the herbarium confirm the ethnobiological or ethnopharmaceutical importance of some species. We identified bryophyte species and checked the accuracy of their original identifications recorded in the herbarium. We provided their Latin (scientific, pre-Linnaean) nomenclature together with German and Polish vernacular names. We contextualised this information within the history of the medicinal use of bryophytes around 1717, when the plant collection was created. We also investigated whether the specimens could have come from Northeastern Poland. Mosses and liverworts from the herbarium were identified nomenclaturally (by means of their original scientific polynomial names written on herbarium sheets) and taxonomically. The herbarium holds two species and one subspecies of liverwort and 27 species and one variety of moss. The accuracy of the original identifications was assessed, with a particular focus on the species considered medicinal at the time. We found that bryophytes were poorly known in the time of Boretius, which was the last period in bryology before the introduction of magnifying devices into this science (this crucial step was made by Dillenius in 1741). The vernacular names used in the herbarium were recorded for Marchantia polymorpha and Polytrichum commune—the only two species with confirmed medicinal use by the year 1717.

Samuel Browne’s late 17th century Indian herbarium: identifications and early modern taxonomic practice

ABSTRACT Samuel Browne (b.-? d. 21st December 1698) was a surgeon employed by the English East India Company (EIC) at Fort St. George, Madras (now Chennai) in India. In 1697, Browne sent a herbarium of 316 specimens collected in and around Chennai to the EIC. Many of those specimens were accompanied with vernacular names, descriptions and notes on their properties and uses. Browne’s specimens were studied by James Petiver who published descriptions with Browne as co-author. Those descriptions made reference to polynomial names in many other published works. In this paper we present a description of the Browne herbarium and identifications for all specimens, with 313 of the 316 specimens identified to species level. We also examine how knowledge from the specimens sent by Browne was integrated with existing knowledge in published works. We show that specimens with a medicinal or other use recorded by Browne were more extensively referenced to other literature than those with no use documented, likely reflecting the fact that plants with documented uses were more likely to have been studied previously. Contrary to our expectations, we found no difference in the extent of referencing to other works when comparing widespread species with species endemic to the Indian subcontinent. The ethnobotanical information recorded in Browne’s herbarium, used in conjunction with the identifications provided in this paper, provides a unique resource for understanding plants in 17th century Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh.

Blood purification practices: Some ethnopharmacological insight from a rural community in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Ethnopharmacological relevanceBlood purification practices, also referred to as blood cleansing or detoxification, is an ancient concept which is widespread within African traditional medicine. There is, however, limited consolidated information about the selection of plant species, the purpose of use and how the preparation is made. An in-depth examination of how regional communities use medicinal plants for blood purification is needed to better understand this ethnopharmacological practice. Aim of the studyTo gather knowledge on the traditional use of medicinal plants used for the purpose of blood purification by laypersons in northern Maputaland, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. MethodsAn ethnobotanical survey was conducted on medicinal plants used in the rural areas of northern Maputaland for blood purification. Interviews were conducted in 55 homesteads, where the most knowledgeable participant per household was interviewed using structured questionnaires. Information collected included knowledge of the concept of blood purification, purpose for medicating, plant selection, and mode of preparation. The most important species and families were identified through indices. ResultsSixty-four plant species from 35 families were recorded as blood purifiers for the treatment of ailments linked to the need for blood purification. Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC. was the most used plant species (mentioned by 39% of the people interviewed). The conditions that were mostly associated with blood purification were skin complaints, gastro-intestinal disorders, and overall improvement of general health. Blood purification is also commonly used for non-medical purposes such as granting good luck or as a love charm. Six new plant species and five new Zulu vernacular names had not previously been documented for blood purification. ConclusionThe frequently mentioned use of medicinal plants for blood purification by the rural community of northern Maputaland clearly emphasises the importance of this cultural practice. There is no doubt that when examining African traditional medicine, holistic terms such as “blood cleansing” cannot be ignored. Future studies may provide a better understanding of this often misunderstood and undocumented practice.

Recent records of telamonioid species of <i>Cortinarius</i> (Agaricales: Cortinariaceae) in New Brunswick, Canada

Eight species of Cortinarius (webcaps) subgenus Telamonia and two other telamonioid Cortinarius species are reported from New Brunswick, Canada. Internal transcribed spacer sequences of these were used to build a phylogenetic tree confirming species identifications and relationships to relevant material, especially types and other Canadian collections. Descriptions and photographs of fresh material and microscopic features are provided. Habitat details, particularly potential mycorrhizal partners and dominant bryophytes, were recorded for each collection and compared with published records. Seven species, Cortinarius caninoides, Cortinarius cicindela, Cortinarius fulvescens, Cortinarius harvardensis, Cortinarius plumulosus, Cortinarius pseudobiformis, and Cortinarius valgus are new distribution records for New Brunswick, and C. plumulosus is apparently a first record for North America. Because these species have rarely been reported, they have yet to be given common names.

Deutonymphs of Neottialges caparti Fain (Astigmata: Hypoderatidae) from North American Northern Gannet (<i>Morus bassanus</i>)

Deutonymphs of the mite family Hypoderatidae are subdermal parasites of vertebrates, primarily birds. Here we report the presence of deutonymphs of Neottialges caparti Fain (no common name) in the subcutis of Northern Gannet (Morus bassanus (L.)) from Atlantic Canadian waters. We observed mites in 39% of 90 birds whose skin samples were examined microscopically. Our observations represent both the first record of N. caparti in Northern Gannet from the western North Atlantic and the second report of N. caparti since its initial description in 1967 from two Northern Gannets in Belgium.

Assessing the global distribution and conservation status of the Taxus genus: An overview

Taxus, commonly known as Yew, is a non-resinous evergreen tree renowned for its anti-cancer properties, attributed to the plant alkaloid Paclitaxel. This study draws upon secondary data sourced from reputable books, journals, and authenticated websites pertaining to the taxonomy of this significant flora. Taxus thrives in moist, humid, shady environments with slightly acidic soil, often flourishing beneath the canopies of species such as Abies, Fagus, Picea, and Quercus spp. The primary objective of this investigation was to evaluate the global status of the Taxus genus. Its distribution spans the northern hemisphere, with various regional common names associated with Taxus species. Through a comprehensive review, our findings reveal a total of 12 natural species and 2 hybrid species globally, including T. media Rehder and T. hunnewelliana Rehder. Notably, four Taxus species—T. chinensis Rehd., T. contorta Griff., T. globosa Schlect., and T. wallichiana Zucc—are endangered, while T. brevifolia Nuttall is categorized as near threatened according to the IUCN Red List. The updated Taxus genus database presented in this study serves as a valuable resource for diverse stakeholders, encompassing researchers, academicians, forest managers, herbal industry professionals, and policymakers. This information will help in formulating effective conservation strategies and sustainable utilization plans for this important genus.

Ethnobotanical study on medicinal wild plants sold at the Brikama market in The Gambia

Herbal markets, in turn, not only supply herbal treatment for diseases but also conserve biocultural diversity by transferring traditional knowledge to future generations This study aimed to document the vernacular names and therapeutic uses of wild medicinal plants sold and used by Brikama people in The Gambia's West Coast Region. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted to document the wild medicinal plants sold at the Brikama market. The study was carried out between June and July 2023 using semi-structured interviews with 50 market vendors and 20 clients (laypeople) who uses traditional medicines from different age groups in Mandinka local language. The survey identified and recorded 71 plants species from 41 plant families, used for treating diseases in Brikama and its surroundings. The Fabaceae was the most represented plant family and most of the plants were trees and the leaves were the most commonly used plant part 51% followed by shrubs 38% and herbs 11%. The older generation primarily possesses knowledge about plant medicine, but youth should be encouraged to learn and preserve this knowledge through domestication, cultivation, and conservation measures.

Pemanfaatan TOGA (Tanaman Obat Keluarga) Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Kesehatan Masyarakat Labuhan Bilik

Using land for the growing of medicinal plants that may be utilized for everyday needs is known as"living pharmacy." The Family Medicinal Plant (TOGA) is the common name for this Living Pharmacy among the neighborhood. Indonesia's tropical environment make farming there highly viable. Forthis reason, it's critical to utilize undeveloped land to establish a profitable pharmacy. Creating a living pharmacy aims to disseminate information on how to cultivate and utilize herbal plants for enhancing and preserving health. The preparation and implementation phases of creating a functioning pharmacy make up the demonstration approach that is employed.The benefits of operating a living pharmacy in the village inelude raising awareness of which plants are suitable for herbal remedies medication and cultivation methods. In order for the local community to use the herbs from the outcomes of producing living to create herba mixtures or herbs to promote health