Commercialization Of Life Research Articles

Ценностные основания стратагемного мышления (на примере минских «Книг мудрости» 1614–1634 гг.)

In the history of human thought, the question of the human wisdom nature, or the possibility to gain it, has never assumed a simple solution. Chinese thinkers and philosophers answered this question in different ways. The secular and practical character of understanding the concept of wisdom in the Chinese intellectual tradition was largely due to the influence of the ethical and political doctrine of Confucianism. From the point of view of Confucian ethics, the idea of using tricks and gimmicks was considered rather dubious. In the history of Chinese thought, there were periods when the intellectual elite had time to realize the beginning of a crisis in society and tried not only to theorize stratagem thinking, but also to find sufficient ethical grounds for applying stratagems in routine practices. The last third of the Ming dynasty reigning, when A Complete Book of Wisdom was written, was just such a period. At the same time, there was a serious value guidelines transformation of the educated class in China, which could also act as one of the factors in developing interest in stratagems and stratagem thinking. The aim of the article is to analyze the transformation of the value system of Chinese intellectuals, who lived in the last third of the Ming dynasty, and identify the value grounds of stratagem thinking described in A Complete Book of Wisdom. The article presents a classification of relevant factors that influenced the transformation of the value system of educated people under the late Ming. It describes and systematizes the data on the attitude of Ming emperors to educated people and Confucian ethical-political doctrine. The struggle not only for real power but also for symbolic power in the area of values and ideals was one of the drivers for the transformation of the value system. In addition, the commercialization of life and mass culture was the main factor in the significant change of Confucian philosophy. The article presents the analysis of educated people feelings and attitudes, which entailed changes in approaches to the process of knowledge and social practices. Thus, under the late Ming dynasty, there was the development of new models of social conflict resolution and value grounds of stratagem thinking.

К использованию английского языка как средства обучения

The author highlights the global trends observed in the system of higher education: the growth of mutual influence and interdependence of the people of the planet; increased commercialization of life, the emergence of new perspectives. It is shown that the English language takes on new educational functions; new, more attractive places for training and scientific research appear due to changes in status and rating; the diversity of training areas and pedagogical approaches is increasing; new opportunities open up in the study of programs and languages; value guidelines change. Promising opportunities and styles of using the English language as a source of education and learning tool are revealed.

"WHAT THEORIES WILL BRING TO RUSSIA": THE NEGATIVE ASPECTS OF THE WESTERN WAY OF LIFE IN THE RUSSIAN PRESS OF THE TIMES OF NICHOLAS I

The article examines the image of the West in the Russian press of the era of Nicholas I. When considering the image of the West, the emphasis is on negative trends that the Russian press found in modern Western life. One of the main subjects of criticism was parliamentarism. The parliamentary system was criticized for its weakness and inability to pursue a consistent policy. Also, Russian magazines criticized the West for abandoning traditional values and deviating from religion. The departure from religious morality in France and other countries was perceived as a cause of cultural decline. Capitalism was criticized by Russian journals from the moral point of view. The commercialization of life, coupled with the decline of morality, was seen as the main reason for the decline of Western European literature. It is concluded that all trends spotted by the Russian press in Western life began to manifest themselves in Russia at the end of the reign of Nicholas I and became public in the era of Alexander II.

Sopana musicians of Kerala temples : Problems and prospects

Studies dealing with ritualistic music and allied arts of Kerala are rare. Not much research has gone deep into this area which cut across the periphery and superficial layers and touch the real core. An analytical study on the virtually vanishing temple art of Kerala, the Sopana Music, is really significant in this context. Their existence is greatly threatened by the process of modernisation and commercialization of life in the contemporary age and the accompanying changes in social and economic structure. At one time, Sopana music system was associated with most of the rituals and the performing arts. Yet what one sadly realises now-a-days is the fact that Sopana music is still groping in darkness and is yet to be restored to its original spirit and charm. Owing to historical reasons, the recital of this music came to be neglected and virtually discarded in most of the areas except in some temples where it was preserved as a ritual. The reasons for its setback could be manythe practitioners inability to verbalise the content and substance of their art and their inhibition to violate the rigid, protective, orthodox rules and norms intended to preserve their sanctity. The foremost among the reasons being the fear of ominous consequences, if sacred practices were exposed outside the temple sanctum. It was apprehended, that putting the sacred oral traditions in writing ,would defile the divinity and sanctity of the art forms, as it might distort the authentic expression of many typical sounds, their volume, cadence, intonations, signs, accents etc. There appears to be no consensus regarding the mode of preservation of this ritualistic art form.

Immaterial Discomforts: Antonieta Sosa, From the Body to the Void

This article explores the work of Venezuelan performance artist Antonieta Sosa as matter organized outside the logics of the market and consumerism, matter that protests the commercialization of life and art as well as the technologies of biopower. Sosa gives a body to an “inapprehensible” dimension, where the material and immaterial coexist in a liminal space that responds to the hostility of biopolitics and the depoliticization of art. In this dimension, Sosa seems to dismantle what might be the most irreducible space of performance: the body.

Public discourse and today's journalism

Having a vibrant media scene is a necessary prerequisite of human development and good governance. Media, as main promoters of economic, but also cultural and thereby overall humanistic values, have to involve permanently in the process of cooperation. How much the contemporary journalism, orientated rather towards the commercialization of life in general, sensationalism and creating wrong criteria of social, accepts or refuses such a role? In media communication, however, the old patterns of misuse of the media and their freedom have not been exterminated. The paper deals with a substantial analysis of moral relativism and media socialization. The solution is not to complain and criticize. We have to admit that the audience of the media users is changing nowadays. The journalism is changing, too. The solution is not to look for the social responsibility of journalism, but of the owners as well. The solution can be found only if they look for it together, following democracy and the development of new media profile, which finds the profit in truth, prosperity and social responsibility.