Commercialization Of Innovations Research Articles

Development Trends in Digital Highway Systems and Processes under Intelligent Technology

With the acceleration of China's urbanization process, the phenomenon of urban road traffic congestion is becoming increasingly serious, and the problem of road bottlenecks is becoming increasingly prominent. The operational efficiency of urban roads has encountered challenges. The rapid development of intelligent technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and the Internet of Things has provided more possibilities and opportunities for the research of digital highways. These technologies can be applied to traffic flow monitoring, road condition prediction, intelligent traffic management, and other aspects to improve highway traffic efficiency and service quality. This article designs a digital highway system based on intelligent technology to alleviate traffic congestion and other issues. Firstly, traffic information is collected and tested through channels such as circular coil detectors and cameras. This article would integrate and store the collected data into the Redis database; Then, the data is analyzed, processed, and predicted using the Kalman filtering algorithm. It then sends the predicted information to the client, providing convenience for users to choose the best route. This article tests the performance of the system through experiments. The experiment shows that the system can make correct analysis and prediction even in high pedestrian traffic, find the fastest driving route, and effectively resist the impact of fluctuations in pedestrian traffic. In addition, the system has achieved good results in accuracy testing of analysis and prediction. In summary, the digital highway system based on intelligent technology is expected to improve traffic efficiency, enhance traffic safety, achieve intelligent travel services, promote sustainable transportation development, and also bring broad prospects for commercial innovation and market opportunities. With the continuous progress and application of intelligent technology, digital highway systems would become an important tool for future road traffic to respond to challenges and improve service quality.

STRATEGIES AND IMPACTS OF FINANCING TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER ENTITIES: A MULTIFACETED APPROACH

The article investigates the impact of various funding sources on Technology Transfer Entities (TTEs), including government support, private sector investments, grants, and European funds. It emphasizes the crucial role these financial mechanisms play in enabling TTEs to bridge the gap between academic research and commercial application. By analyzing the influence of government funding, the significance of licensing and patent revenues, and the benefits of private and European investments, the article demonstrates how these resources assist TTEs in achieving financial stability, fostering innovation commercialization, and navigating the market. It also highlights the importance of aligning TTEs' goals with broader societal and economic objectives. Through case studies, the research illustrates the essential need for a diverse funding strategy and effective management for TTEs to optimize their contribution to the technological innovation ecosystem, economic growth, and societal well-being

Formality, innovation and entrepreneurial business performance in francophone Sub-Saharan Africa

PurposeRecent work in the economics of innovation in developing countries increasingly considers the formality of business as a determining factor of economic development. However, current knowledge on how formality determines both innovation and business performance remains mixed. This article examines this relationship by analyzing, on the one hand, the role of formality on innovation and, on the other hand, the moderating effect of formality on the relationship between innovation and the performance of business in francophone Sub-Saharan Africa.Design/methodology/approachBased on a sample of 1,369 Cameroonian and Senegalese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from the International Development Research Center (IDRC), the Crepon Duguet et Maraise (CDM) technique was used to reduce the endogeneity bias inherent in this type of analysis.FindingsThe results show that formal companies have a better capacity for innovation. In addition, formality positively moderates the relationship between innovation and the performance of businesses in the case of product and commercial innovations. On the other hand, it negatively moderates the relationship between innovation and the performance for process and organizational innovations.Practical implicationsThese results show that the advantages of formalization widely relayed by national public institutions and international organizations can present a risk for business if the expected gains are not accompanied by innovations.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to research by taking into account the heterogeneity of firms because it is one of the first to study formality as a moderator in the relationship between innovation and firm performance in Sub-Saharan African economies.

Theoretical principles of financial and economic stimulation of the development of smart industry

The article examines the research of scientists on the development of a new industrial policy and analyzes papers devoted to assessing financial and economic incentives for the development of new technologies, innovations, smart industry and Industry 4.0. The intervention of state industrial policy in cases where the market fails to allocate resources effectively is analyzed, and the relevance of industrial policy is substantiated by economists and political leaders of the leading countries of the world. The theoretical foundations of the state innovation policy are defined, which is the link between the policy of scientific and technological progress and industrial policy aimed at developing principles for supporting the bringing of ideas and innovations to the market. It has been established that the widely used traditional instruments of innovation policy are government support for research organizations, primarily state universities and scientific institutes. Other common tools for financial and economic stimulation of industry are competitive funding of research (both fundamental and applied), fiscal preferences (tax incentives and subsidies) for R&D by industrial enterprises, and government support for technology transfer. Foreign studies of the theoretical aspects of financial and economic stimulation of development are systematized and grouped into the following areas: justification of state support for research organizations and competitive financing of scientific projects, assessment of the effectiveness of the use of fiscal preferences for R&D, analysis of the impact of state support in the process of technology transfer for the development of smart industry and stimulating the development and commercialization of innovations (patent box mode). An example is given of one of the areas of modern research into financial support for stimulating a particular industry – fiscal preferences for the production and sales of electric vehicles and charging stations. It has been established that financial and economic incentives for the development of new technologies and their implementation in the smart industry have a positive impact on the development of start-ups, innovation activities, the development of new products, an increase in the number of patents, additional output volumes, growth in investment and employment. It would be advisable to focus further research on analyzing the experience of foreign countries in stimulating the development of smart industry with the help of financial instruments (including fiscal instruments).

Commercialisation time and licensing performance of university inventions: the moderating role of university inventors

ABSTRACT This paper examines the relationship between time and performance in the commercialisation of university-originated inventions. Focusing on the commercialisation time, defined as the time taken for a lab-scale invention to be developed for commercial sale, we investigate whether there is any systematic association between commercialisation time and the licensing revenue generated by university-originated inventions. Analysing a sample of inventions from Stanford University, we find that both pre- and postlicensing time of commercialisation are negatively associated with its licensing revenue. We also find that the negative relationship between the postlicensing time of commercialisation and licensing revenue is contingent on the inventor’s orientation towards university-industry collaboration. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of our findings as well as future avenues of research in technology commercialisation.

Competencies and Capabilities for the Management of Sustainable Rural Development Projects in the Value Chain: Perception from Small and Medium-Sized Business Agents in Jauja, Peru

The guinea pig value chain in Jauja, Peru, has been developed through the application of productive projects, institutional strengthening, and implementation of the Principles of Responsible Investment in Agriculture and Food Systems (CFS-RAI). Given the smallholding conditions of the Jauja territory and the proliferation of commercial guinea pig breeding, the actors in this chain constitute a key human capital for development. To improve the performance of the actors in the sustainable rural development of the territory of Jauja, Peru, the research carried out an evaluation of the competencies and capabilities for project management in 46 actors linked to the business programme on the CFS-RAI Principles, representing 1094 people in the guinea pig value chain in Jauja, using the Working With People (WWP) model and empirical instruments based on the Octagon method, project management competence evaluation, performance evaluation carried out by experts, attitudinal evaluation. and the Business Model Canvas. The results have helped to structure the actors of the value chain, who show an intermediate mastery of project management competencies (2.73/5), institutional capabilities in development (2.89/7), and a growing organisational management performance (26.2/100). In addition, trust and proactivity have been generated among the actors in the chain, with an interest in continuing with the implementation of the CFS-RAI Principles in order to achieve sustainability in their productive projects with commercial innovation. The results have allowed us to generate the design of an innovative programme for the development of competencies, which balances the three dimensions of project management competencies (perspective, people, and practice), as defined by the International Project Management Association (IPMA), in connection with the CFS-RAI Principles. Both processes complement the strengthening of human capital in agrifood value chains through sustainable project management and contributing to sustainable development in the region.

Управління інноваційним розвитком будівельних підприємств : реалії та перспективи

The article examines the role of innovative development in ensuring the effective functioning and development of domestic enterprises in the construction industry in modern conditions. The key factors affecting the success of the implementation of innovations in construction enterprises are systematized and the principles of managing their innovative development are defined. Features and challenges faced by construction enterprises in the field of innovative development in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine are outlined. The main trends in the management of innovative development of construction enterprises were analyzed, which currently include: green construction and carbon-free production as elements of a circular (closed loop) economy; 3D printing technology in construction; digitization of processes/services, use of augmented reality technology; predictive analysis involving artificial intelligence technologies; mobile access technologies and integration of disparate data in processes; robotization of certain works and use of drones; development of the “smart cities” concept. Recommendations and proposals for improving the management of innovative development of construction enterprises to achieve sustainable growth and competitiveness in this field have been developed. The strategy of innovative development of construction enterprises is proposed. The strategy of managing the innovative development of construction enterprises may include the following steps and stages: analysis of the needs and capabilities of enterprises; definition of strategic goals; resource planning; research and development of new technologies, products or services that can be implemented in the enterprise of the construction industry; financing of innovative projects; implementation and commercialization of innovations in practice; monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of implemented innovations; ensure establishment of an innovative culture at the enterprise; development of partnership relations with other enterprises; attraction of customers and clients; provision of training and dissemination of knowledge about innovations among the company's employees; establishment of cooperation with state bodies, institutions.

Commercialization Study of Technological Product Innovation Using Business Model Canvas: Innovation Case of Mobile Laboratory

A premise states that the success of product technology innovation determines the economic growth of a country. On the other hand, commercialization of product technology innovations has low success, and one of the reasons is the lack of careful planning. One of the national product technology innovations designed as a solution to controlling the spread of COVID-19 is a mobile laboratory (Mobile Laboratory Bio-Safety Level 2/MBSL-2) which was initiated by BPPT in early 2020. This study discusses the concept of planning the commercialization of product technology innovations. MBSL-2 uses the Business Model Canvas (BMC), with the intention that the results can be used as an innovation planning policy instrument, especially in government research institutions. Nine BMC elements are elaborated, namely customer segments, value propositions, channels, customer relationships, revenue streams, key resources, key activities, key partners, and cost structure. The results of the discussion show how BMC works in a systematic, structured, and measurable way so that it can explain the arguments and objectives for each element of the business process, as well as the harmonization of business strategy with technology strategy. The BMC display is simple but contains important business aspects, making it easier for all parties to understand the business concept of product technology innovation. This study recommends the use of BMC as a complete product technology innovation planning instrument for engineers in government research institutions.
 Keyword: Technological product, mobile laboratory, commercialization of product innovations, business model.

Issues impeding the commercialization of laboratory innovations for energy-dense Si-containing lithium-ion batteries

Issues impeding the commercialization of laboratory innovations for energy-dense Si-containing lithium-ion batteries

Reframing search and recommendation as opportunities for communication for people with intellectual disability

ABSTRACT AI-driven commercial innovations and the digital disruptions they create, tend to accelerate faster than assistive technologies, and are rarely designed with inclusion and diversity in mind. We explore the joint value of research through design and co-design to give a voice to users with intellectual disability to set new directions for inclusive innovation. To do this, we present an account of, and a reflection on, the reframing that took place throughout a research program that has evolved over the last 8 years, presented through the lens of 3 case studies. These illustrate turning points in the frames of the research and its journey through the disciplinary traditions of Information Retrieval and Human Computer Interaction (HCI). The contributions of this paper are threefold. First, we contribute knowledge on the value of research through design to identify new frames for inclusive intelligent systems. Second, we extend inclusive co-design approaches to employing working prototypes that can support participant’s voice about the design of the algorithms that underpin intelligent systems. We highlight how these working prototypes nurture the importance of participation and observation. Third, we contribute new frames for inclusive information retrieval, with new perspectives on intent, particularly in the context of image search.

DETERMINANTS OF INCREASING THE INNOVATION CAPACITY OF UKRAINE

Modelling the development of innovative power is an integral tool for finding ways to ensure the country's competitiveness and post-war recovery to accelerate European integration processes using its technological uniqueness. The innovative vector of economic development is a priority mechanism for the formation of competitive positions at all levels of the world economic system. The main purpose of this paper is to use modelling to identify the key determinants of the development and increase of Ukraine's innovative power, which should be crucial for the post-war recovery of the domestic economy. Methodology. The econometric model describes the efficiency of the use of Ukraine's innovative capacity and highlights its weaknesses. It is necessary to pay special attention to them in the period of post-war reconstruction. Both a correlation matrix of these factors and a regression model of their interdependencies were developed based on the assessment of a number of determinants affecting the formation and growth of innovative power. Results. The econometric modelling made it possible to obtain statistically significant two-factor linear models in which the share of R&D costs and the number of innovative products implemented were the independent variables. The commercialisation of R&D, in particular patenting, which reflects the effectiveness of scientific activity, appears to be very important. Business shows the highest rates of technology implementation. It creates a platform for further stimulation and development of relevant innovations. Practical implications. In the context of European integration processes, it is important to highlight those factors that would become advantages for strengthening the innovative power of Ukraine and to use them as a priority in the formation of the state policy of post-war reconstruction. The intensity of research and development and the introduction of advanced innovations, the innovative activity of the society and its functionality depend on the effective innovation policy of the state, the current state of the economy, the availability of a systematised base of institutes and institutions ensuring scientific and technical activity, modernised infrastructure, specialised information and consulting centres, etc. Value/originality. It has been proved that the priority of the innovative component of the domestic state policy is an undeniable condition for the effectiveness of the development of the economic system at the present stage of turbulence in the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war. At the same time, the obvious advantages of innovativeness are cancelled out by the presence of high costs for the development of innovations, a decrease in the activity of commercialisation of inventions, and the imperfection of the intersectoral distribution of funds for research and development.

Changing the geographic scope of collaboration: Implications for product innovation novelty and commercialization

AbstractPrior research points out the benefits of external collaboration for innovation, yet little is known of: (a) the changes in the scope of external collaboration over time (i.e., firms increasing, seeking stability, or decreasing the geographic scope of their collaboration), and (b) how such changes in the geographic scope of collaboration affect product innovation novelty and commercialization. Here, we build on organizational learning theory, with the objective of exploring how changes in the geographic scope of collaboration over time affect the novelty of product innovation and its commercial success. Econometric analysis of a large panel of UK firms reveals three novel findings: First, while stability in the geographic scope of collaboration is common, there is a marked incidence of change, that is, firms are increasing or decreasing the geographic scope of collaboration. Second, while moving toward more geographically distant collaboration is beneficial mostly for radical innovation, maintaining stability in the geographic scope of collaboration is particularly beneficial for incremental innovation. Third, we demonstrate that becoming less international in the geographic scope might be beneficial for innovation commercialization. Finally, we identify six pathways to geographic collaboration that map to innovation outcomes.

Recent Inventions in Additive Manufacturing: Holistic Review

This general review paper presents a condensed view of recent inventions in the Additive Manufacturing (AM) field. It outlines factors affecting the development and commercialization of inventions via research collaboration and discusses breakthroughs in materials and AM technologies and their integration with emerging technologies. The paper explores the impact of AM across various sectors, including the aerospace, automotive, healthcare, food, and construction industries, since the 1970s. It also addresses challenges and future directions, such as hybrid manufacturing and bio-printing, along with socio-economic and environmental implications. This collaborative study provides a concise understanding of the latest inventions in AM, offering valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and decision makers in diverse industries and institutions.

ANALYSIS OF THE PLACE AND ROLE OF STAKEHOLDERS IN THE PROCESS OF COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATION

The article is devoted to topical issues of stakeholder definition for innovation commercialization as a process of introducing new services or products to the market. The authors derived a report based on the information received that commercialization is the engine of the economic system and the process of transforming innovative developments or products of innovative activity into monetary resources beneficial for the developer, investors, and any stakeholders. The research analyzed and formed the scheme of interaction between the firm, primary, and secondary stakeholders. The authors proposed developing a commercialization plan with stakeholder engagement. The key challenges to the stakeholder analysis are given, on the basis of which the analysis of strengths and weaknesses of innovative development of Ukraine is realized. Increasing stakeholder involvement is presented as a result. The conducted analysis is the basis for the definition of stakeholders, in particular, and how they will contribute to the achievement of expectations of business and the formation of a complex system of stakeholder management in individual territories.

Why do user innovators want to pursue user entrepreneurship? On the influence of the communitarian identity

While users may be an important source of innovation, and even of entrepreneurship, we know little about the exact psychological mechanism that underpins user innovators' transition to user entrepreneurship (UE). In this study, we focus on user innovators' communitarian identity, which is a stable mindset that values the personalized bonds with a user community. Based on the theory of planned behavior, we hypothesize how this identity affects user innovators' intention regarding UE. We use survey data from 139 user innovators to show that user innovators' communitarian identity strengthens their subsequent attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control (PBC) regarding UE, and that the attitudes and PBC in turn strengthen their intentions to pursue UE. The findings highlight the direct effect of the communitarian identity on user innovators’ evaluation of UE and its indirect effect on their intention. They also provide insights into the individual factor that alleviates the lack of commercialization of user innovation.

АУДИТ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ФОРМ ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ

The main aspects that underline the relevance of the research are that a key factor in the development of the economy and the competitiveness of enterprises is the need for effective management of innovations. Organizations are constantly looking for new ways to improve their products, processes and services to respond to changing market demands and the challenges of technological progress. The innovation process requires a systematic approach and effective management. The audit of the organization of innovative forms of business allows to assess the availability of the necessary resources, personnel, financial means, processes and strategies that contribute to the successful implementation and commercialization of innovations. The purpose of the research is to conduct a comprehensive study and analysis of the process of organizing innovative forms of management at enterprises with the aim of determining efficiency, identifying problematic aspects and developing recommendations for their improvement. Research methods: logical and meaningful method, methods of comparison, systematization, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, coefficient method. The main hypothesis of the study was the assumption about the possibility of conducting an audit of the organization of production forms through the development of recommendations for improving the organizational and financial aspects of innovative forms of management at enterprises in order to increase their efficiency and competitiveness. Presenting main material. The article examines the formation and development of the market of business incubators in Kyrgyzstan. The types of services provided by business incubators were considered in detail, the structure of business incubators was characterized taking into account their types and types, the main industry markets in which they grow small innovative companies were described. An audit of articles on the dynamics of industry specialization of residents in business incubators and the main mechanism for placing residents in business incubators was conducted. Originality and practical significance. The audit of innovative forms of management allows identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the organization in the field of innovation. It helps to develop a strategy to increase competitiveness, identify opportunities for improvement and avoid possible threats. Risks and their management. Implementation of innovations is associated with certain risks, such as financial, technological, organizational and change risks. An audit of innovative forms of business can help identify and assess risks related to the innovation process and develop strategies for their management. Conclusions and prospects for further research. The article, which is devoted to the audit of the organization of innovative forms of management, provides useful recommendations, methods and practical tools for conducting an audit of innovative activities at enterprises. This will contribute to the further development of scientific research in this area and increase the level of professionalism in the audit field

КОМЕРЦІАЛІЗАЦІЯ НОВОГО ПРОДУКТУ НА РИНКУ: СИСТЕМА ФАКТОРІВ ВПЛИВУ

Commercialization of innovations contributes to the development of market relations and reflects their actual state. Despite the large number of publications on the commercialization of innovations, there are no works on the factors that positive influence to commercialization of innovations. The purpose of the work is the systematization of factors that facilitate to commercialization of innovations. Factors affecting the commercialization of innovations are systematized and divided into several groups: cultural (traditional and local knowledge, attitude to innovations, existing trends in society); market (low level of competition in the industry, readiness of the market to accept innovation, availability of analogues / similar products, etc.); socio-economic (low costs, high profitability of innovative activities, etc.); political (state incentives, state support for scientific, technical and innovative development of companies, low level of corruption, etc.); regulatory (changes in legislation, tax or budget systems, patenting of a newly created product, certification, open innovations, etc.); ecosystem factors (availability and access to resources, etc.); partnership (connections with existing external partners; acquisition of new business models, academic start-ups, presence of clusters and "technological spillovers", etc.); internal (availability of financial and material resources for commercialization of innovation, level of automation and development of business processes, etc.); marketing (marketing opportunities, effective marketing activities during market promotion, etc.). The study's results can be used in the formation of technology policy in developed and developing countries, where the need to encourage cooperation between public and private technology enterprises is the basis for growth and prosperity.

Sustainable entrepreneurship: analysis of digital marketing trends in the regional and global dimension

The aim of the article is to assess the prospects of digital marketing in the context of sustainable entrepreneurship on the Internet based on the best practices of the European Union and the United States and to analyze digital marketing trends in regional and global dimensions. The paper analyzes digital marketing trends in the regional and global dimensions, as well as examines their impact on the development of sustainable entrepreneurship. This study used methods of data collection, analysis, and interpretation of results. Statistical data from the official websites of international information platforms were summarized and used. Search engines revealed more than 90 articles on the development and features of modern digital marketing. During the selection and verification process, only 25 of the most relevant sources from 2017 to 2023 were selected. The results identify the features of digitalization and its role in the development of the economy and business on a regional and international scale; analyze the main emphases in the factors of digital marketing; indicate the possibilities of the impact of digitalization and digital marketing on the sustainable development of business structures; study the trends of digital marketing in 2023 and give their further development forecast. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that for the first time, the peculiarities of using digital marketing in the context of sustainable entrepreneurship on the Internet are analyzed based on the best practices of the European Union and the United States, and further prospects for its development in Ukraine are determined. The author concludes that digital technologies for testing and promoting a product market significantly reduce the time for the commercialization of innovations and indicate an acceleration of the innovation cycle in general. Digital innovations dictate the need to accelerate operational and management processes and become the basis of economic policy in many digital ecosystems. The results obtained can be used by top management of companies, as well as heads of marketing departments, to guide and develop digital marketing strategies.

Returnee firms, R&D input and innovation performance: critical roles of political and economic stakeholders

PurposeAlthough the role of returnees is critical to firm innovation, the literature offers inconsistent findings regarding returnees' effect on firms' innovation performance. To reconcile this issue, the authors argue that taking the types of innovation into account – i.e. technical innovation and commercial innovation – is necessary. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine how firms led by returnees affect the relationship between research and development (R&D) input and above two types of innovation output, as well as the contingent role of political connections (PCs) and venture capital funding (VC funding).Design/methodology/approachThis study empirically tested the hypotheses using a dataset of 54,617 firm-year observations for 18,475 Chinese firms in Zhongguancun Science Park (ZSP) from 2009 to 2014.FindingsThe results show that the positive effect of R&D input on technical innovation performance (TIP) is reinforced when firms are led by returnees, while the positive effect of R&D input on commercial innovation performance (CIP) is weakened when firms are led by returnees compared with those firms led by the local counterparts. The findings further show that returnee firms' positive effect on the relationship between R&D input and technical innovation performance is more salient for firms with more PCs but weakened for those with more VC funding.Originality/valueThis study enriches the research on returnee firms' advantages and disadvantages in transforming R&D input into innovation performance, and the findings highlight that firms led by returnees can increase R&D efficiency of technical innovation, but reduce R&D efficiency of commercial innovation. Moreover, this study offers a contingent view of political and economic stakeholders' roles in returnee firms' innovation, by revealing PCs help returnee firms to enhance R&D efficiency in technological innovation, while venture capital can hamper such R&D efficiency.

Defining Technopreneurs’ Commercialization Research Process in the Emerging Thai Economy: Research for Constructing Grounded Theory

This research aimed to 1) define sources of meaning in technopreneurs’ commercialization research process, 2) establish the common features of technopreneurs’ commercialization research process, and 3) construct a grounded theory of technopreneurs’ sources of meaning and commercialization research process. The study employed a qualitative ground theory approach to explain the phenomena and develop theoretical conclusions. Data was gathered through in-depth interviews with 15 technopreneurs using theoretical sampling. The interviews used open-ended questions, and the resulting data were analysed via analytic induction to define concepts and construct the grounded theory. The results indicated that technopreneurs elicited sources of meaning through the commercialization research process, which were categorized into three features of idea development with passion, integrated business model development, and innovative and technological business networking. The commercialization research process includes eight stages: 1) business opportunity assessment, 2) technopreneurial mindset and passion development, 3) technology assessment and exploitation, 4) co-research and application to new product development, 5) technopreneurship incubation and business networking, 6) business planning for innovation commercialization, 7) continuous product improvement, and 8) sustainable technopreneurship and development. Finally, this research constructed theoretical conclusions, discussing and suggesting approaches for improving technopreneurs’ commercialization research process and future research directions.