Commercial License Research Articles

Development of a Technology Valuation Model for Commercial Licensing: An Empirical Case of PB 1718 Basmati Rice Variety

Development of a Technology Valuation Model for Commercial Licensing: An Empirical Case of PB 1718 Basmati Rice Variety

Коммерческая концессия, лицензия и франшиза в дистрибьюторской модели сетевого маркетинга

В статье проведен анализ применимости коммерческой концессии, лицензии и франшизы в дистрибьюторской модели сетевого маркетинга в современных социально-экономических условиях. Рассмотрены организационно-экономические и нормативно-правовые аспекты регулирования. Показано, что коммерческая концессия предусматривает использование комплекса особенных прав, профессиональной репутации и делового опыта правообладателя в определенном сторонами объеме и территории использования применительно к определенной области предпринимательской деятельности. The article analyzes the applicability of commercial concession, license and franchise in the distribution model of network marketing in modern socio-economic conditions. The organizational, economic and regulatory aspects of regulation are considered. It is shown that a commercial concession provides for the use of a set of special rights, professional reputation and business experience of the rightholder in a certain volume and territory of use determined by the parties in relation to a certain area of entrepreneurial activity.

Quantifying the Environmental Impact of Private and Commercial Pilot License Training in Canada

As the global aviation sector expands to accommodate increasing air travel demand, the subsequent rise in flights exacerbates carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, challenging the sector’s environmental sustainability. Targeting net-zero emissions by 2050, international aviation agencies are stressing the imperative of reducing emissions directly at their source. While the literature provides abundant estimates of aviation emissions from airline flights, there has been a lack of work aimed at quantifying CO2 emissions specific to the general aviation sector. This study investigates CO2 emissions attributed to the pilot training sub-sector within Canada’s general aviation sector. It specifically examines the initial phase of pilot training, known as ab initio training, extending through to the attainment of a commercial pilot license. Utilizing a mathematical framework alongside assumptions, combined with data on license issuances over a 23-year period, it estimated that each hour of flight training emits about 70.4 kg of CO2, varying between 44.9 kg and 94.9 kg per hour. Annual CO2 emissions from Canada’s ab initio pilot training are estimated at approximately 30,000 tons, with a possible range of 19,000 to 40,000 tons. The study also explores mitigation opportunities, such as flight simulation training devices and electric aircraft. Though focusing on Canada’s ab initio pilot training, the findings have international relevance.

PyShoreVolume 1.0.0: A Python based Shoreline Change and beach Volumetric Change Analysis tool

Shoreline Change Analysis (SCA) and Volumetric Change Analysis (VCA) are of growing importance to coastal managers throughout the world. The volume, resolution and accuracy of shoreline configurations are gradually improving, which demands tools for efficient processing and analysis. The limited number of systems that combine the two analysis types have lengthy workflows or require commercial software licences, with no current tool that automates VCA from a time series of Digital Elevation Models (DEM’s). We present a new, dedicated and open-source package for automating SCA and VCA in the Python environment. It is designed with a user-friendly interface and workflow, delivers efficient processing speeds, automatically generates map based graphical outputs and computes a full range of positional statistics. We verify the package delivers equivalent outputs to existing tools (AMBUR, DSAS) and demonstrate strong performance by reconstructing erosion and accretion over the last twenty years along the beaches of the Taw and Torridge Estuary, North Devon, UK, a region known to have a complex sediment and morphometric dynamics.

State licenses for medical marijuana dispensaries: neighborhood-level determinants of applicant quality in Missouri

BackgroundWhen state governments impose quotas on commercial marijuana licenses, regulatory commissions use an application process to assess the feasibility of prospective businesses. Decisions on license applications are often met with formal appeals and legal challenges from rejected applicants. Although prior research has examined substate disparities in the availability of marijuana dispensaries, less attention has been given to the quality of license applications. The present study analyzed the relationship between neighborhood-level characteristics and the quality of prospective dispensary businesses.MethodsDuring Missouri’s first applicant pool for medical marijuana dispensaries in 2019, a total of 606 census tracts contained the location site of at least one dispensary applicant. Using data from the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services and the American Community Survey, fractional and binary logistic regression models were used to estimate the relationship between census-tract characteristics and application outcomes.ResultsLicense applications received higher evaluation scores when proposed dispensary sites were in census tracts with greater population densities and no majority in racial/ethnic composition. Census tracts with poorer socioeconomic conditions attracted a disproportionate share of low-scoring applicants from the bottom quartile of scores. These effects were stronger for certain application subsections, particularly those assessing the quality of an applicant’s business plan and on-site security.ConclusionsSome communities tend to attract prospective license holders who possess better quality resources, business practices, and industry experience. State disparities in commercial licensing requirements and application processes may lead to the inequities in legal product access found in some prior studies.

Review of Existing Tools for the Assessment of European Building Stock Energy Demand for Space Heating and Cooling

There is currently a growing interest in lowering energy demand and, consequently, greenhouse gas emissions in all sectors. Several attempts by national governments to reduce energy demand are centered on the residential sector, since it accounts for a significant amount of the final energy demand. In order to estimate its energy demand and to evaluate the techno-economic effects of adopting energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies, there are comprehensive models suited for residential applications, since energy demand characteristics of the residential sector are complicated and interrelated. Based on these models, several tools are nowadays available to support designers and policymakers. These tools are designed to be user-friendly and to include the possibility to develop simulated scenarios for energy demand, production of CO2 emissions, and economic costs. The present study aims to offer an up-to-date extended overview of the most functional and widespread tools for the assessment of the current energy demand of the European building stock for space heating and cooling demand, both regarding open source and commercial licenses. Results highlighted the tools most commonly used by examining real applications, identifying their strengths and weaknesses and pinpointing the primary deficiencies for the benefit of future developers.

Hospitals, Aviation and Business

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. Boeing’s recent troubles remind us that in many ways, healthcare is like aviation: 1. They are both highly technical endeavors, guided by highly educated and trained personnel such as physicians and pilots. 2. Even small mistakes can be devastating. 3. Operating margins (operating income/revenue) are very low. 4. Both are led by businessmen not trained in the industry. 5. Some have put profit ahead of safety. The cockpit of the typical airliner or the multitude of instruments in the typical intensive care unit demonstrates that aviation and medicine are both highly technical. Airline pilots have a minimum of 1,500 hours of flight time. This includes time spent obtaining a private pilot’s license, commercial license, instrument rating, multiengine rating, and airline transport pilot (ATP) certificate. Pilots often have additional in type ratings for turboprop or jet engines. Many have spent time as flight instructors and normally have at least 5 years …

A benchmark of optimization solvers for genome-scale metabolic modeling of organisms and communities.

Genome-scale metabolic modeling is a powerful framework for predicting metabolic phenotypes of any organism with an annotated genome. For two decades, this framework has been used for the rational design of microbial cell factories. In the last decade, the range of applications has exploded, and new frontiers have emerged, including the study of the gut microbiome and its health implications and the role of microbial communities in global ecosystems. However, all the critical steps in this framework, from model construction to simulation, require the use of powerful linear optimization solvers, with the choice often relying on commercial solvers for their well-known computational efficiency. In this work, I benchmark a total of six solvers (two commercial and four open source) and measure their performance to solve linear and mixed-integer linear problems of increasing complexity. Although commercial solvers are still the fastest, at least two open-source solvers show comparable performance. These results show that genome-scale metabolic modeling does not need to be hindered by commercial licensing schemes and can become a truly open science framework for solving urgent societal challenges.IMPORTANCEModeling the metabolism of organisms and communities allows for computational exploration of their metabolic capabilities and testing their response to genetic and environmental perturbations. This holds the potential to address multiple societal issues related to human health and the environment. One of the current limitations is the use of commercial optimization solvers with restrictive licenses for academic and non-academic use. This work compares the performance of several commercial and open-source solvers to solve some of the most complex problems in the field. Benchmarking results show that, although commercial solvers are indeed faster, some of the open-source options can also efficiently tackle the hardest problems, showing great promise for the development of open science applications.

Implementation of Commercial Business License Policy in Downstream Oil and Gas Business Activities in Bitung City

The purpose of this research is to describe, analyze and describe how the management of the Non-Subsidized Solar Industrial Fuel trading business permit in Bitung City. What are the factors that hinder the processing of Non-Subsidized Fuel Trading Business License for Industrial Solar in Bitung City The research method uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using interviews, documentation studies and observation. The results showed that the commercial business license policy for downstream oil and gas business activities in Bitung City has not been implemented properly because there are business actors who do not take care of the Commercial Business License even though they have been trading in Bitung City and its surroundings. There are obstacles in managing the Commercial Business License in Bitung City, namely the submission of files and management must be done directly to the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources because there is no representative authority in Bitung City.

Comparative Study on Flight Training of Chinese Airline Pilots at Home and Abroad

Abstract The study aimed to analyze flight training methods for Chinese airline pilots, comparing domestic and foreign approaches while assessing their respective advantages and disadvantages. Various aspects including language, culture, airspace, flight support, teaching methods, training standards, and costs were examined. Additionally, a quantitative analysis was conducted on theory and practical exam results, as well as the personality development of cadets from both training backgrounds. Results revealed that foreign flight training offered several benefits over domestic training, such as shorter duration and lower costs due to airspace accessibility. Cadets undergoing foreign training demonstrated higher average scores and passing rates in Instrument Rating and Commercial License Examinations compared to domestically trained counterparts. Furthermore, foreign training positively influenced cadets’ personality development. In conclusion, foreign flight training demonstrated significant advantages in terms of overall cost-effectiveness, training quality, and cadet professionalism. However, domestic training also had its merits. Thus, the authors recommended a comprehensive evaluation to determine the most suitable training approach for individual cadets.

Program for Integration and Rapid Analysis of Mass Isotopomer Distributions (PIRAMID).

The analysis of stable isotope labeling experiments requires accurate, efficient, and reproducible quantification of mass isotopomer distributions (MIDs), which is not a core feature of general-purpose metabolomics software tools that are optimized to quantify metabolite abundance. Here, we present PIRAMID (Program for Integration and Rapid Analysis of Mass Isotopomer Distributions), a MATLAB-based tool that addresses this need by offering a user-friendly, graphical user interface-driven program to automate the extraction of isotopic information from mass spectrometry (MS) datasets. This tool can simultaneously extract ion chromatograms for various metabolites from multiple data files in common vendor-agnostic file formats, locate chromatographic peaks based on a targeted list of characteristic ions and retention times, and integrate MIDs for each target ion. These MIDs can be corrected for natural isotopic background based on the user-defined molecular formula of each ion. PIRAMID offers support for datasets acquired from low- or high-resolution MS, and single (MS) or tandem (MS/MS) instruments. It also enables the analysis of single or dual labeling experiments using a variety of isotopes (i.e. 2H, 13C, 15N, 18O, 34S). MATLAB p-code files are freely available for non-commercial use and can be downloaded from https://mfa.vueinnovations.com/. Commercial licenses are also available. All the data presented in this publication are available under the "Help_menu" folder of the PIRAMID software.

Artificial intelligence technology in license plate recognition

Due to the importance of license plate recognition in many parts in human society, several methods are concluded and proposed in this article. In this work, artificial intelligence (AI) technology, deep learning, and neural networks are put into use in different aspects or modules of license plate recognition methods. Current methods can be divided into two categories, one is the traditional methods and the other is method using AI technology. Two-stage method is a typical example for traditional methods. In this work, other methods such as RT-LPDRnet method, which takes YOLO v5 into use, is an example for AI technology in license plate recognition. Now commercial license plate recognition generally adopts the method of end-to-end deep learning, while some methods of character segmentation first and then recognition are still worthy of study. In this work, three evaluation metrics are concluded to help evaluate the performance of previous methods. In addition, application of license plate recognition is proposed such as recognition in the parking lots, entrances and exits of expressway and electronic police system.

Rotate: A command-line program to rotate circular DNA sequences to start at a given position or string.

Sequences derived from circular DNA molecules (i.e. most bacterial, viral and plastid genomes) are expected to be linearised and rotated to a common start position for most downstream analyses including alignment. Despite this being a common and straightforward task, available software is either limited to a small number of input sequences, lacks the option to specify a custom anchor string, or requires a commercial license. Here, we present rotate, a simple, open source command line program written in C with no external dependencies, which can rotate a set of input sequences to a custom anchor string (allowing for a specified number of mismatches), or offset the input sequences to the desired position. The combination of both functionalities allows the rotation of all input sequences to any desired starting position, enabling downstream analysis. rotate is extremely fast and scales linearly with the number of input sequences, taking only seconds to rotate over a thousand mitochondrial sequences.

Analysis of BLDC Electric Motor Shaft Treatment Model Using Numerical Method

This research studies the shaft strength of a BLDC electric motor. A Shaft is one of the components in a rotary engine and functions to transmit power. The design calculation is needed to determine the effect of the strength of the material being treated. The strength analysis of the shaft used FEM (Finite Element Method). The shaft is modeled on the manufacturing design and tested by numerical simulation with Ansys Mechanical 14.5-BRIN commercial license software. The static simulation used a structural statics module with static and dynamic load input. The research method comparing the results of FEM simulations with two different types of materials is determined. Based on the simulation parameters, the selected material types are JIS S45C tempered and AISI 1045 cold-drawn. The simulation results represent the maximum stress (von Mises) and total deformation. The deformation value of S45C tempered material is slightly higher than that of AISI 1045 cold drawn. However, both materials have the same maximum von Mises stress.

Online System Adaptation Single Submission Risk Based Approach (OSS-RBA)

The industrial revolution can bring changes in human lifestyles, from manual to digital trading and ways of working. This will provide Indonesia with opportunities, enormous opportunities, including government organizations that are innovative in fulfilling their mandates and functions. Utilizing developments in information technology, accelerating the promotion of e-government, implementing science and technology public services and implementing other government affairs. The Indonesian government has finally passed Law No. 19 of 2020. Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation has changed the licensing paradigm from a permit-based approach to a risk-based approach (RBA). Not without reason, this provision is intended to provide ease and certainty in doing business so as to increase regional competitiveness. This new paradigm places risk as the main consideration in every business activity, thus having implications for changes in the current design of business policies, institutions and service platforms in the central and regional governments. However, at the implementation level in each region, the application of this risk-based licensing model depends on the readiness and subsequent response from each region, especially policies, institutions (organization and human resources) and digital service tools (sarpras, internet networks). Electronically Integrated Business Licensing or Online Single Submission Risk-Based Approach (OSS-RBA) is a business license issued by the OSS-RBA agency on behalf of the Minister, Head of Agency, Governor, or Regent/Mayor to commercial participants through an electronic system. The OSS-RBA was created as a form of reform in the field of commercial licensing, because initially the handling of proposed permits seemed complicated, requiring lengthy bureaucratic procedures and direct visits to relevant agencies.

Reconceptualizing coastal fisheries conflicts: a Swedish case study

Fisheries conflicts have often been interpreted as arising from disputes over access to fish. Competition for fishing stocks among resource users (human and non-human) and fisheries managers’ attempts to control access to fish are depicted as main causes of conflicts. From this perspective, rampant environmental degradation, climate change, and a growing human population will only exacerbate tensions in fisheries. Yet is it only competition for fish that drives conflicts? Research on coastal and small-scale fishers has shown that they fish not only to achieve economic (material) goals but also to fulfill social and immaterial needs. Drawing on Burton’s theory of human needs, in this exploratory study, we consider how attention to coastal fishers’ material and immaterial needs might illuminate aspects of fisheries disagreements that are missed when conflicts are theorized solely in terms of material interests. Our data comes from 46 voluntary written statements provided at the end of a self-administered survey on the fishing sector sent to all holders of a Swedish commercial fishing license in June 2019. Results suggest that coastal fisheries conflicts are not solely about access to fish but also about social and emotional needs for respect, identity, belongingness, and status. In particular, fishers’ demands for actions to boost the number of coastal fishers – and subsequently the number of potential competitors – challenges the narrowly emphasis on materiality. We argue that an overemphasis on material needs may divert attention away from other causes of tension and thus prevent actions that could alleviate or mitigate fisheries conflicts.

A commentary on "Emergency surgery in the era of artificial intelligence: ChatGPT could be the doctor's right-hand man".

aStudent research committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran bDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran cDepartment of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran. Tel: +98386836425. E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Keikha). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial License 4.0 (CCBY-NC), where it is permissible to download, share, remix, transform, and buildup the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

De-hooking depredation: Exploring multiple fisher perceptions about marine depredation in Florida

Marine depredation involves the removal of or damage to captured fish by predators, and recent evidence suggests it is increasing globally likely due to increasing fishing effort and changes in predator behavior. Anecdotal reports indicate that marine depredation in Florida may be especially severe, given the high number of fishers and predator species. However, the magnitude of marine depredation in Florida and fisher perceptions of these events are poorly understood. We employed a survey of commercial, private recreational, and for-hire saltwater license holders to explore the extent and magnitude of fishing experiences and perceptions related to marine depredation across Florida, highlighting differences among fisher groups using closed- and open-ended survey questions. We found few to no significant differences between fishing sector groups, meaning depredation was prevalent across all locations, gear types, and target species. Most user groups experienced depredation by more than one predator, but sharks and dolphins were reported as the most common predators. Commercial and for-hire operators were more likely to have very negative and negative sentiments toward predators, while private recreational fishers were more likely to view their depredation experiences as neutral. The need for improved management of predators and other fish stocks was expressed across all sectors, especially among commercial fishers. Our results support the growing literature on increased depredation experiences statewide and the need to devise a solution for all marine fisheries users in Florida. We anticipate our exploratory findings to be used as a starting point for researchers and fisheries management agencies to understand fishing sector perceptions and attempt to mitigate negative depredation experiences.

Simulation of Water Absorption of Epoxy Reinforced Composite Using Polynomial Model on MATLAB Environment

Application of MATLAB software for water absorption test, which entails the rate by which a material diffuses and retain water molecule, on epoxy reinforced with coconut shell fiber (CSF), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), and silicon carbide (SiC) composites have been investigated. Five specimens (E, S1, S2, S3 and S4) were developed using compression molding on different percentage of fibers. The water absorption test was conducted using suitable American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM) which involves different water solutions. It was observed that sample ‘E’ shows maximum water absorption maybe due to absence of reinforced fibers. Specimen S1 indicated less water absorption, maybe due to presence of natural filler. Sample S4 shows trend on least water absorption, maybe due presence of higher percentage of natural synthetic fibers. Validation of the experiments using 2020 Commercial License Model MATLAB software, which were compared with the experimental result using the root mean square error (RMSE) statistical parameter and graph of point of intercept. The predicted data developed through the MATLAB software, established 95% confidence bounds on RMSE, which indicated 0.012 range of standard deviation between the experimental and simulation results, which avoids the under fitting and over fitting problem, also, when compared using a graph of point intercept, followed the same trend of result from the experiment.

A commentary on "burnout in surgeons: a qualitative investigation into contributors and potential solutions" (Int J Surg101 (2022) 106613).

aCentral Laboratory, Chongqing University FuLing Hospital bDepartment of Ophtalmology, Chongqing University FuLing Hospital cDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology，Chongqing University FuLing Hospital dDepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery,Chongqing University FuLing Hospital Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery,Chongqing University FuLing Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, P.R.China and Luo Xiaohua, Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Chongqing University FuLing Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, P.R.China. E-mail address: [email protected] (F. Luo). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial License 4.0 (CCBY-NC), where it is permissible to download, share, remix, transform, and buildup the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/