Unit Commanders Research Articles

Legal mechanism for securing humanitarian assistance by Ukrainian defense forces during the initial phase of the full-scale Russian invasion

Purpose This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the legal status and mechanisms involved in the receipt and registration of humanitarian aid by Ukrainian defense forces. The study aims to highlight the importance of proper control and accountability by military unit commanders, addressing the challenges and responsibilities associated with the management of humanitarian aid during the initial phase of the full-scale Russian invasion. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a qualitative approach, analyzing legal documents, organizational procedures and case studies related to the receipt and registration of humanitarian aid by Ukrainian defense forces. The research involves examining the actions of military unit commanders, identifying gaps in existing legislation and proposing improvements based on observed challenges and best practices. Findings The study finds that the legal status and proper accounting of military property received as humanitarian aid are critical for ensuring its effective use. It identifies significant challenges in the organizational and legal mechanisms, including issues of non-receipt and non-registration of aid. The findings emphasize the need for improved legislation, better control measures and increased accountability of military unit commanders to enhance the efficiency and transparency of humanitarian aid management during conflict situations. Research limitations/implications The research is primarily limited by the availability and reliability of data due to the ongoing conflict, which may affect the comprehensiveness of the analysis. Additionally, the dynamic nature of the legal and organizational environment during wartime poses challenges in maintaining updated information. Future studies could benefit from longitudinal data and comparative analysis with other conflict zones to enhance the robustness and applicability of findings. Practical implications This study provides actionable recommendations for improving the legal framework and organizational processes related to humanitarian aid in military contexts. It offers guidance for military unit commanders on best practices for receiving, accounting and preserving aid. The findings aim to inform policymakers and military officials to ensure more effective and transparent management of humanitarian resources, ultimately enhancing the operational capabilities of the Ukrainian Armed Forces. Social implications By addressing the legal and organizational challenges in managing humanitarian aid, this research contributes to the overall welfare of military personnel and affected civilians. Ensuring the effective use of humanitarian aid can improve the living conditions and morale of soldiers and support communities impacted by the conflict. The study also highlights the importance of accountability and transparency, fostering trust among international donors and encouraging continued support for humanitarian efforts in Ukraine. Originality/value This study provides a novel and comprehensive examination of the legal mechanisms and organizational practices involved in the receipt and registration of humanitarian aid by the Ukrainian defense forces during the initial phase of the Russian invasion. By focusing on the unique challenges faced in this conflict, the research offers original insights into the legal status of military property received as aid and the accountability of military commanders. The findings contribute valuable recommendations for policy and practice, aiming to enhance the effectiveness and transparency of humanitarian aid management in conflict situations.

THE STATE OF CONFLICT MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENT IN MILITARY COLLECTIVES

The article examines the state of conflict management environment in military collectives, examines the main causes of conflicts and the influence of various factors on their occurrence and resolution. The study conducted a comparative analysis of leadership styles and their impact on the level of conflict, as well as an assessment of the impact of socio-demographic factors. The methodology included a survey of military personnel and semi-structured interviews with unit commanders. The results showed that personal hostility, cultural differences and leadership style play a key role in the formation of conflict situations. Based on the data obtained, recommendations were developed on conflict management and improvement of the moral and psychological climate in military collectives.

Caseload factors predictive of family abuse and neglect treatment outcomes

BackgroundIn child welfare, caseloads are frequently far higher than optimal. Not all cases are created equal; however, little is known about which combination and interaction of factors make caseloads more challenging and impact child and family outcomes. ObjectiveThis study aims to identify which case, provider, and organizational factors most strongly differentiate between families with favorable and less-than-positive treatment outcomes. Participants and settingParticipants were 25 family advocacy program providers and 17 supervisors at 11 Department of the Air Force installations. MethodsFollowing informed consent, participants completed demographic and caseload questionnaires, and we collected information about organizational factors. Providers were sent a weekly case update and burnout questionnaire for seven months. We used linear mixed-effects model tree (LMM tree) algorithms to determine the provider, client, and organizational characteristics that best distinguish between favorable vs. unfavorable outcomes. ResultsThe LMM tree predicting provider-rated treatment success yielded three significant partitioning variables: (a) commander involvement, (b) case complexity, and (c) % of clients in a high-risk field. The LMM predicting client-rated treatment progress yielded seven significant partitioning variables: (a) command involvement; (b) ease of reaching tenant unit command; (c) # of high-risk cases; (d) % of clients receiving Alcohol and Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment services; (e) ease of reaching command; (f) % of clients with legal involvement; (g) provider age. ConclusionsThis study is a first step toward developing a dynamic caseload management tool. An intelligent, algorithm-informed approach to case assignment could help child welfare agencies operate in their typically resource-scarce contexts in a manner that improves outcomes.

METHODS FOR MODERNIZING THE HUMAN RESOURCES OF THE ARMED FORCES

The modernization of human resources within the Romanian Army must be one of the main priorities set by the commanders of military units, given its crucial importance in ensuring national security. The constant increase in service responsibilities, difficult environmental conditions, fatigue and poor physical, mental and emotional health are some of the main factors that human resources management tries to integrate in a way that leads technically and organisationally to the efficiency of the activity. Digitisation and leadership are two distinct, but complementary ways of modernising human resources in an organisation. The purpose of this article is to highlight some methods of modernising the armed forces reporting to the evolvment of the national security policies using documentation and literature study. By combining digitisation with modern leadership, organisations can create an efficient, innovative and adaptable working environment. Such an environment encourage a way of work where human resources to be valued and encouraged to achieve outstanding performance.

Design and Implementation of an Intensive Care Unit Command Center for Medical Data Fusion.

The rapid advancements in Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) are pivotal for the healthcare sector, especially as the world approaches an aging society which will be reached by 2050. This paper presents an innovative AIoT-enabled data fusion system implemented at the CMUH Respiratory Intensive Care Unit (RICU) to address the high incidence of medical errors in ICUs, which are among the top three causes of mortality in healthcare facilities. ICU patients are particularly vulnerable to medical errors due to the complexity of their conditions and the critical nature of their care. We introduce a four-layer AIoT architecture designed to manage and deliver both real-time and non-real-time medical data within the CMUH-RICU. Our system demonstrates the capability to handle 22 TB of medical data annually with an average delay of 1.72 ms and a bandwidth of 65.66 Mbps. Additionally, we ensure the uninterrupted operation of the CMUH-RICU with a three-node streaming cluster (called Kafka), provided a failed node is repaired within 9 h, assuming a one-year node lifespan. A case study is presented where the AI application of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), leveraging our AIoT data fusion approach, significantly improved the medical diagnosis rate from 52.2% to 93.3% and reduced mortality from 56.5% to 39.5%. The results underscore the potential of AIoT in enhancing patient outcomes and operational efficiency in the ICU setting.

Information Technology for the Operational Processing of Military Content for Commanders of Tactical Army Units

In the modern world, the military sphere occupies a very high place in the life of the country. At the same time, this area needs quick and accurate solutions. This decision can greatly affect the unfolding of events on the battlefield and indicate that they must be used carefully, using all possible means. During the war, the speed and importance of decisions are very important, and we note that the relevance of this topic is growing sharply. The purpose of the work is to create a comprehensive information system that facilitates the work of commanders of tactical units, which organizes the visualization and classification of aerial objects in real-time, the classification of objects for radio-technical intelligence, the structuring of military information and facilitates the perception of military information. The object of research/development is a phenomenon that creates a problematic problem, has the presence of slowing factors in the process of command and control, using teams of tactical links, which can slow down decision-making, as well as affect their correctness. The research/development aims to address emerging bottlenecks in the command-and-control process performed by tactical link teams, providing improved visualization, analysis and work with military data. The result of the work is an information system for processing military data to help commanders of tactical units. This system significantly improves on known officer assistance tools, although it includes a set of programs that have been used in parallel on an as-needed basis. Using modern information technologies and ease of use, the system covers problems that may arise for commanders. Also, each program included in the complex information system has its degree of innovation. The information system for structuring military information is distinguished by the possibility of use on any device. The information system for the visualization and clustering of aerial objects and the information system for the classification of objects for radio technical intelligence are distinguished by their component nature. This means that the application can use sources of input information and provides an API to use other processing information. Regarding the information system for integration into information materials, largely unknown terms and abbreviations are defined, so such solutions, cannot integrate the required data into real documents. Therefore, using this comprehensive information system, the command of tactical units will have the opportunity to improve the quality and achieve the command-and-control process.

ПСИХОЛОГІЧНА ПІДГОТОВКА МАЙБУТНІХ ОФІЦЕРІВ: ДОСВІД, ПРОПОЗИЦІЇ ТА РЕКОМЕНДАЦІЇ

At the time of brutal, unprovoked military aggression by the russian federation, our state continues targeted work on the systematic reform of military education. Current events and trends in the military-political arena indicate the need for a significant rethinking of the theoretical studies and methodological developments of military pedagogues, psychologists and psycho-physiologists regarding the directions and quality of unit commanders’ psychological training. The process of training specialists of the Armed Forces and other branches of the security and defense sector is accompanied not only by increasing the requirements for their military and professional competence, but also by improving the officer corps’ psychological training. The purpose of the article is to generalize the experience of psychological training of future officers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine at military higher educational institutions and to outline proposals for its optimization. Methodology. The effectiveness of implementing the practice of training military specialists in the armies of NATO countries into the educational space of Ukraine was analyzed; problematic issues related to the organization of future officers’ psychological training at military higher educational institutions are summarized. Results. The necessity of designing and implementing a pedagogical system that specifies the relevant tasks, diversifies the forms and technologies for the formation of future officers’ psychological readiness for professional activity was proven; the results of monitoring studies of the dynamics of officers’ psychological readiness to implement new professional competence were presented; measures for the formation of future officers’ psychological readiness for professional activity at military higher educational institutions were proposed. Data were obtained indicating the effectiveness of their implementation at military higher educational institutions. Recommendations for optimizing the process of forming future tactical-level officers’ psychological readiness while training at higher education institutions with specific training conditions were formulated. Key words: higher military educational institutions, NATO, future officers’ training, psychological readiness, reflexive approach, components of readiness.

Impact of Rank, Provider Specialty, and Unit Sustainment Training Frequency on Military Critical Care Air Transport Team Readiness.

The Critical Care Air Transport (CCAT) Advanced Course utilizes fully immersive high-fidelity simulations to assess personnel readiness for deployment. This study aims to determine whether simple well-defined demographic identifiers can be used to predict CCAT students' performance at CCAT Advanced. CCAT Advanced student survey data and course status (pass/fail) between March 2006 and April 2020 were analyzed. The data included students' Air Force Specialty Code (AFSC), military status (active duty and reserve/guard), CCAT deployment experience (yes/no), prior CCAT Advanced training (yes/no), medical specialty, rank, and unit sustainment training frequency (never, frequency less often than monthly, and frequency at least monthly). Following descriptive analysis and comparative tests, multivariable regression was used to identify the predictors of passing the CCAT Advanced course for each provider type. A total of 2,576 student surveys were analyzed: 694 (27%) physicians (MDs), 1,051 (40%) registered nurses (RNs), and 842 (33%) respiratory therapists (RTs). The overall passing rates were 92.2%, 90.3%, and 85.4% for the MDs, RNs, and RTs, respectively. The students were composed of 579 (22.5%) reserve/guard personnel, 636 (24.7%) with CCAT deployment experience, and 616 (23.9%) with prior CCAT Advanced training. Regression analysis identified groups with lower odds of passing; these included (1) RNs who promoted from Captain to Major (post-hoc analysis, P = .03), (2) RTs with rank Senior Airman, as compared to Master Sergeants (post-hoc analysis, P = .04), and (3) MDs with a nontraditional AFSC (P = .0004). Predictors of passing included MDs and RNs with CCAT deployment experience, odds ratio 2.97 (P = .02) and 2.65 (P = .002), respectively; and RTs who engaged in unit CCAT sustainment at least monthly (P = .02). The identifiers prior CCAT Advanced training or reserve/guard military status did not confer a passing advantage. Our main result is that simple readily available metrics available to unit commanders can identify those members at risk for poor performance at CCAT Advanced readiness training; these include RNs with rank Major or above, RTs with rank Senior Airman, and RTs who engage in unit sustainment training less often than monthly. Finally, MD specialties which are nontraditional for CCAT have significantly lower CCAT Advanced passing rates, reserve/guard students did not outperform active duty students, there was no difference in the performance between different RN specialties, and for MD and RN students' previous deployment experience was a strong predictor of passing.

Застосування ArcGIS для оптимізації військового планування

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the advantages of using this software in comparison with a paper map. Theoretical justification of practical software studies. In modern conditions of military conflict, where strategic management and decision-making determine the effectiveness of actions on the battlefield, the use of advanced technologies becomes an integral part of the functioning of the Armed Forces. One of the key areas of innovation in this context is the use of geographic information systems (GIS), which provide unit commanders with the means to obtain, analyze, and use spatial information. This article is intended to review the practical experience of using GIS in the Armed Forces, particularly focusing on important aspects related to unit management. The basis of our research is the experience and use of the ArcGIS geoinformation system, which was used in the military. The main advantages and capabilities of this system from the point of view of the unit commander are considered, as well as how these technologies can improve leadership and interaction on the battlefield. Method. Methods of analysis of key system functions, including ArcMap, ArcScene, and other modules, were used to understand their potential for unit management. A comparison with paper maps was made: a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the implementation of regulations on paper topographic maps and in ArcGIS software. Methods of systematization and generalization of scientific information: the advantages of 3D Visualization are highlighted, the study of ArcScene capabilities to improve understanding of the terrain in a three-dimensional format, details and advantages of using special tools for military analysis and management. The results. As a result of the study of the use of the ArcGIS geoinformation system by the unit commander, it was established that the implementation of ArcGIS significantly accelerates a number of actions related to the deployment of artillery, the time required to hit an unplanned target is reduced. Tactical planning is improved: the use of Military Tools for ArcGIS allows the commander to effectively manage and control the actions of his units and the enemy, the creation of tactical symbols and artificial maps simplifies the planning of tasks and responding to unexpected circumstances. The use of 3D Visualization in ArcScene allows you to get a three-dimensional overview of the area, improving the perception of the commander of the unit of the situation. Built-in functions such as centering and zooming in on the target make it easy to monitor objects in real time. The obtained results indicate the great potential and advantages of using the ArcGIS geographic information system in military management, which can lead to an increase in the efficiency and success of military operations. The scientific novelty is that although the ArcGIS software is in service with many NATO countries and is being implemented in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, it is determined that only this program should be used in the Armed Forces of Ukraine for digital maps and direct research that would determine the advantages of this product and analyze there are no particularities of application. The main focus of the research is on the features of ArcGIS application. The components of ArcGIS were identified, their analysis and prospects in the military sector were carried out. Practical meaning. As a result of the study of the use of the geographic information system ArcGIS by the commander of the unit, a significant potential for improving operational management and decision-making in the conditions of military operations was revealed. The use of ArcGIS allows you to speed up actions, improve tactical planning, provide three-dimensional visualization of the terrain and optimize geodetic calculations. The obtained results confirm the importance and necessity of using modern geoinformation tools in the military leadership to ensure the efficiency and success of military operations.

Large-scale deep reinforcement learning method for energy management of power supply units considering regulation mileage payment

To improve automatic generation control (AGC) performance and reduce the wastage of regulation resources in interconnected grids including high-proportion renewable energy, a multi-area integrated AGC (MAI-AGC) framework is proposed to solve the coordination problem of secondary frequency regulation between different areas. In addition, a cocktail exploration multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient (CE-MADDPG) algorithm is proposed as the framework algorithm. In this algorithm, the controller and power distributor of an area are combined into a single agent which can directly output the power generation command of different units. Moreover, the cocktail exploration strategy as well as various other techniques are introduced to improve the robustness of the framework. Through centralized training and decentralized execution, the proposed method can nonlinearly and adaptively derive the optimal coordinated control strategies for multiple agents and is verified on the two-area LFC model of southwest China and the four-area LFC model of the China Southern Grid (CSG).

Accurate identification and confidence evaluation of automatic generation control command execution effect based on deep learning fusion model

With the increasing complexity of the power grid, the precision of the thermal power units' execution of automatic generation control (AGC) commands is gradually increasing the impact on the online regulation of the power grid. The deviation between the actual output of thermal power units and the AGC command of the grid will not only affect the consumption of new energy output, but also endanger the safe operation of the grid. This paper introduces “deep learning” technology to solve the problem. Firstly, an AGC command execution effect identification and confidence evaluation algorithm (ACEEI-CEA) is proposed. The algorithm builds a neural network model to accurately predict the unit output and the confidence evaluation of the prediction results. Next, a high-dimensional input preprocessing strategy based on variational autoencoder (VAE) is proposed to reduce the dimensionality of the model input attributes, improving the convergence and accuracy of the model. Finally, an AGC optimal command fast inversion solution method (AOCFISM) is designed. This method transforms the unit output deviation problem into an objective optimisation problem. And improve the efficiency of solving the optimal AGC command value by constraining the unit command value. The calculation results show that the error of the prediction results of the model proposed in this paper is 5% lower than that of the traditional neural network. The difference between the output value of the optimal AGC command and the expected output value obtained is less than 0.5 MV, which can support AGC online decision-making.© 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Factors Affecting the Implementation of Cybersecurity in the Philippine Coast Guard

This study investigates the factors influencing the implementation of cybersecurity in the Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) to ensure national security and maritime safety. The research focused on policies, circulars, developmental plans, equipment, and human resources. A mixed-methods approach was used, collecting quantitative data through a survey of 90 MARSLEC personnel to assess their cybersecurity awareness and perceptions of current measures. Qualitative insights were obtained from in-depth interviews with deputy commanders of MARSLEC units. The results revealed key obstacles: unclear policies and circulars, limited budget and resources for cybersecurity equipment, and insufficient specialized training and skilled personnel. Despite these challenges, there was a strong commitment from PCG leadership to prioritize cybersecurity. Effective collaboration with other agencies and organizations was deemed crucial. The study recommended addressing these challenges by clarifying policies, optimizing resource allocation, and implementing continuous training and awareness programs. By improving cybersecurity readiness, the PCG could better safeguard national interests, maritime assets, and personnel against evolving cyber threats. These measures are essential for enhancing the PCG's cybersecurity posture and ensuring resilient maritime operations.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ДОСВІДУ РОЗРОБКИ БОЙОВИХ РАЦІОНІВ ДЛЯ NATO RESPONCE FORCE ПІД ЧАС ВІДКРИТОГО РОСІЙСЬКОГО ВТОРГНЕННЯ

The article is devoted to the analysis of the process of developing a unified ration for NATO Response Forces. From the available data and the results of the test of a single universal combat ration, it follows that the creation of a universal set of products for all NATO forces, which meets the requirements, would present great risks and was therefore considered inadvisable. Instead, the commanders of specific units of the NATO Response Force were given the authority to select the optimal ration from those existing in NATO member countries that most closely matches the specific operation, taking into account the climatic conditions, the supply chain and the needs of the military. As a result of the work of the research group, the fundamentally important characteristics that influence the consumption of rations by military personnel during the performance of assigned combat tasks. Among them: peculiarities of combat tasks, climatic and geographical conditions of the area where special operations are carried out, the need for additional elements (water, heaters, dishes, etc.), the need for special storage conditions, etc. Features due to cultural, gender, social, religious and other criteria were also highlighted. For the first time, an analysis of the impact of long-term physical exertion on the increase in the need for vitamins and microelements was conducted and the need to increase them in the daily diet was substantiated. Since the task of the researchers was to develop a diet that could be used for 30 days, special attention was paid to the issue of "menu fatigue" and ways to avoid it. Features due to cultural, gender, social, religious and other criteria were also highlighted. Taking into account the criteria determined as part of the work of the HFM RTG-154 research team can be used as a basis for the development of updated options for dry food sets in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, and will also be relevant when planning menus for food in field (combat) conditions. This is especially important in the context of hostilities in the face of open Russian invasion, which foresee the likelihood of using d combat ration for a long time.

DISCIPLINARY RESPONSIBILITY AND TRIAL IN THE UKRAINIAN INSURGENT ARMY (1943 – 1947)

The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of the formation of the basic principles of disciplinary responsibility and the organization of judicial proceedings in the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (1943 – 1947). The research methodology is based on the principles of scientificity, systematicity, general scientific (analysis, synthesis) and special-historical (historical-typological, historical-systemic, historical-comparative) methods and methods of criticism of historical sources. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that, on the basis of unknown and little-known sources, a comprehensive study of judicial and disciplinary practice in the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (1943 – 1947) was conducted. Conclusions. Thus, the Principles of Judicial and Disciplinary Practice in the Ukrainian Insurgent Army were initiated in the summer of 1943 in the territories of Volyn and Western Polissia. At the end of the same year, the insurgent judiciary spread to Galicia and the neighboring territories of eastern Poland and Slovakia. The main judicial and disciplinary bodies in the units of the UPA were “Field Courts”. If necessary, they convened at every hundred. It was assumed that one of the three judges of the “Field Court” would hold a position not lower than the level of centurion, the second – squad leader. Sentences were handed down on the basis of the “UPA Disciplinary Statute”. In it, crimes were divided into light and serious. The latter included: treason, vandalism, failure to comply with an order that led to significant losses, repeated desertion. Those accused of serious crimes were mostly executed. The commander of the relevant rebel unit approved the verdict of the “Field Court”. “Cossack courts” usually dealt with minor crimes. They were summoned by the commanders of insurgent units in case of: drunkenness, failure to comply with an order without serious consequences, minor thefts. The sentences were: sending to the “penal departments”, “criminal arrest”, “shompoling” in front of the line, “standing under the gun” or “falling of fates” on command. In case of repeated prosecution, the punishment was increased up to and including execution

HEALTH PRESERVATION OF SUBJECTS AS THE BASIS AND GOAL OF THE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMANDERS OF THE RUSSIAN NATIONAL GUARD TROOPS (EXPERIMENTAL STUDY)

Background. The work of the commanders of units of the National Guard Troops, aimed at protecting the health of their subordinates, acts as one of the most important components of the management activities of the commanders of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation. The results of the effectiveness of the work of the commanders of units for the protection of the health of subordinates of the Faculty of Special Forces of the Novosibirsk Military Institute of the VNG of the Russian Federation were studied and summarized. The focus on the health protection of subordinates lies in the fact that this is primarily associated with the performance of labor-intensive and specific functions by subordinates, and their performance in daily life of a wide range of tasks, as well as an increase in the service and combat load. The list of tasks assigned to the troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation is determined by its diversity, and requires adequate management of subordinates at all its levels. The variety of tasks performed by servicemen (employees) implies possible deviations in professional behavior, as well as a weakening of physical abilities that they cannot always cope with on their own, which is why a serviceman, as a subject of health conservation, requires a special approach and study.
 Materials and methods. The questionnaire method was used as a method of collecting empirical data. In total, 90 commanders of units of different levels of the Faculty of Special Forces of the Novosibirsk Military Institute named after General of the Army I.K. Yakovlev of the National Guard Troops.
 Results. The study showed the leading role of unit commanders in the work of saving and maintaining the health of subordinates in the framework of managerial activities. It is assumed that the formed managerial competencies of commanders directly affect the level of safety and health promotion of subordinate military personnel.
 Conclusion. The existing system of health saving in the troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation has specifics and determines the features of the formation of health-saving behavior of military personnel, reflecting the requirements of the military organization and characterized by a system of values, norms and attitudes. The conclusion is made about the presence of objective problems in the knowledge of the theoretical aspects by the commanders of subdivisions (mainly junior command level) of the legal framework of labor protection.

Pedagogical foundations for the development of the culture of managerial activity among cadet unit commanders at military universities

Pedagogical foundations for the development of the culture of managerial activity among cadet unit commanders at military universities

Determination of the effectiveness of Modern Methods of Kinesiological taping of Servicemen of Security and Defense Sector Institutions of Ukraine in the System of Special Physical Training

In the process of carrying out assigned tasks, servicemen of institutions of the security and defense sector of Ukraine can often suffer injuries, wounds (contusions), which negatively affects the level of combat readiness of units.
 During the monitoring of scientific-methodical literature, we established that the topical issue of the implementation of effective techniques and methods of kinesiological taping of individual biolinks and body parts of representatives of the security and defense sector of Ukraine, in order to increase the efficiency of their performance of assigned tasks, is devoted to an insufficient amount scientific works. This emphasizes the relevance, timeliness and practical component of the chosen research direction.
 In the process of research and analytical work, the members of the research group developed, adjusted and tested the experimental technique of kinesiological taping of future officers of the institutions of the security and defense sector of Ukraine (in the system of special physical training) in order to improve the efficiency of their performance of training-combat and service-combat) tasks.
 The results of the empirical study are implemented in the system of physical training (professional education) of cadets of higher military educational institutions. Prospects for further research in the chosen direction of scientific intelligence include determining the essence and structure of formation of the readiness of commanders of cadet units to organize forms of physical training in the system of professional education of future officers of institutions of the security and defense sector of Ukraine.

Moral culture of the individual

This article may be useful for teachers, unit commanders, cadets of military universities of the Republic of Kazakhstan, including teachers and students of other higher educational institutions. The purpose of this article is to identify and study scientific material about moral culture that can improve the spiritual and moral qualities of cadets of military universities of the Republic of Kazakhstan.The author shows the problem of morality and moral culture in society, as well as influencing young people - cadets of military universities.As a result of the research, scientific methods were consistently applied: these are pedagogical, general scientific methods, empirical, theoretical and others. Work with Internet resources, search and processing of material from scientific literature, scientific articles, dissertation research.

FEATURES OF THE USE OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT FOR MONITORING THE COAST LINE OF THE SEA COAST

The materials of the article reveal the features of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles for controlling the coastline of the sea coast. In the article, it is determined that in order to preserve the lives of personnel and perform tasks related to operational control and reconnaissance of the coastline of the sea coast, unmanned aerial vehicles of various types began to be actively involved.
 The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles for monitoring the coastline of the sea coast. The article reveals the essence and content of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles for reconnaissance of the coastal strip of the sea coast, as well as the conditions and features of their effective use according to various options for tactics.
 The main principles of using unmanned aerial vehicles as part of air reconnaissance units during control of the coastline of the sea coast are: constant high level of readiness to perform tasks; concentrating efforts on the enemy's active areas of activity; clear interaction with units of the Maritime Guard of the State Border Service of Ukraine (border units, mobile groups); high activity, decisiveness and suddenness of actions.
 The article describes the main ways of using unmanned aerial vehicles, namely: route flight; air search; accompanying the enemy. It is determined that the method of using unmanned aerial vehicles is specified by the senior chief (commander) or determined by the unit commander when making a decision to fly and use an unmanned aerial vehicle. The method of application of flight performance can be changed based on the situation in the area of responsibility in a specific period of time. At the same time, the features of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles during the day, at night, at extremely low altitudes and above the water surface are revealed.
 The article emphasizes that all flights for the purpose of controlling the coastline of the sea coast should be carried out with the maximum use of the camouflage properties of the terrain and, if possible, in the morning hours of the day. It was determined that further scientific research in this field is seen in the procedure of combining control of the coastal strip of the sea coast with reconnaissance and search for mines and explosive objects on land and water surface.

Bullying in the Military: Do the Effects on Mental Health and Wellbeing Depend on the Source?

The current study explored the prevalence and consequences of being bullied by coworkers, subordinates, and/or superiors within 21 Australian Defence Force units (N = 2,960). Data were collected as part of an organizational climate survey administered to each unit at the request of the unit commander. Bullying from multiple sources was more common than bullying from a single source, indicating climates of workplace bullying. Of the 945 respondents (31.9%) who reported experiencing workplace bullying, coworkers and superiors were the main sources either in isolation or in combination with other levels in the organization. Furthermore, there was evidence that the impact varied according to source. Compared to bullying from coworkers or subordinates, more detrimental effects were experienced when superiors were the sole source of workplace bullying; 23.6% of respondents in this situation reported ongoing distress or having to seek medical/mental health care. The associations between experiencing bullying and psychological distress, affective commitment, and job satisfaction were also stronger when superiors were the source of bullying. These results emphasize the importance of supervisors showing respect to all employees. Bullying behaviors are likely to be copied, creating climates where bullying can come from multiple sources, with consequent negative effects on the targets of these behaviors.