In this paper, an adaptive fuzzy tracking control scheme by combining Lyapunov stability theory and backstepping technique is proposed for a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle. First, a fuzzy logic system is used to approximate the unmodeled dynamics of the quadrotor system. Second, command filtering is utilized to compute the derivatives of the virtual control signals to avoid the complex analytic derivation of these derivatives. Third, a nonlinear disturbance observer is applied to compensate for external disturbance and approximation error of the fuzzy logic system. Lyapunov stability analysis shows that the quadrotor system can be stabilized by the proposed controller with high control accuracy. Finally, the experimental results are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.