Chloramine Research Articles

KINETICS AND MECHANISTIC STUDY OF OXIDATION OF AMOXICILLIN BY CHLORAMINE-T IN ACID MEDIUM

This spectroscopic study presents the kinetics and degradation pathways of oxidation of amoxicillin (AMOX) by chloramines-T (CAT) in acidic medium at a constant ionic strength of 0.105 mol dm-3 at 298 K. Reaction between AMOX and CAT in acidic medium exhibits 1:1 stoichiometry (AMOX:CAT). The reaction is of a first-order in both [CAT] and [AMOX]. The order with respect to acid concentration was fractional. The effects of added products, ionic strength and dielectric constant have been studied. The main oxidation product of AMOX was identified by IR, 1H NMR and mass spectra. The reaction constants involved in the different steps of the mechanisms were calculated. Activation parameters with respect to slow step of the mechanisms were computed and discussed.

Kinetic and Mechanistic Studies on the Oxidative Decolourisation of Orange-II Dye with Alkaline Chloramine-T

The mono-azo dye, Orange-II (acid orange 7), is mainly used to dye materials like textiles, paper, leather and cosmetics. It is important to understand the kinetic and mechanistic aspects of the oxidative decolourisation of Orange-II dye. A simple, efficient and cost-effective oxidation method is developed for the reaction. A detailed kinetic study of the oxidative decolourisation of orange-II dye with chloramine-T (CAT) in alkaline medium at 308 K has been carried out spectrophotometrically at 486 nm. The reaction shows a first-order dependence of rate both on [CAT]oand [Orange-II]oand an inverse-fractional- order on [OH−]. The reaction was studied at different temperatures and the thermodynamic parameters have been evaluated. The reaction was subjected to change in (i) ionic strength, (ii) p-toluenesulfonamide and (iii) chloride ions, and the effects of these on the reaction rate were determined. Oxidation products of Orange-II were characterised as 1,2-naphthaquinone and benzenesulfonic acid by GC-MS analysis. The observed kinetic results have been explained by a general mechanism to understand the elementary pathways of this redox system. The relevant kinetic modelling has been worked out.

The Integral Method, a new approach to quantify bactericidal activity

The bactericidal activity (BA) of antimicrobial agents is generally derived from the results of killing assays. A reliable quantitative characterization and particularly a comparison of these substances, however, are impossible with this information. We here propose a new method that takes into account the course of the complete killing curve for assaying BA and that allows a clear-cut quantitative comparison of antimicrobial agents with only one number.The new Integral Method, based on the reciprocal area below the killing curve, reliably calculates an average BA [log10CFU/min] and, by implementation of the agent's concentration C, the average specific bactericidal activity SBA=BA/C [log10CFU/min/mM].Based on experimental killing data, the pertaining BA and SBA values of exemplary active halogen compounds were established, allowing quantitative assertions. N-chlorotaurine (NCT), chloramine T (CAT), monochloramine (NH2Cl), and iodine (I2) showed extremely diverging SBA values of 0.0020±0.0005, 1.11±0.15, 3.49±0.22, and 291±137log10CFU/min/mM, respectively, against Staphylococcus aureus. This immediately demonstrates an approximately 550-fold stronger activity of CAT, 1730-fold of NH2Cl, and 150,000-fold of I2 compared to NCT.The inferred quantitative assertions and conclusions prove the new method suitable for characterizing bactericidal activity. Its application comprises the effect of defined agents on various bacteria, the consequence of temperature shifts, the influence of varying drug structure, dose–effect relationships, ranking of isosteric agents, comparison of competing commercial antimicrobial formulations, and the effect of additives.

Development of Combined Dry Heat and Chlorine Dioxide Gas Treatment with Mechanical Mixing for Inactivation of Salmonella enterica Serovar Montevideo on Mung Bean Seeds

Foodborne outbreaks have been associated with the consumption of fresh sprouted beans. The sprouting conditions of mung bean seeds provide optimal conditions of temperature and relative humidity for any potential pathogenic contaminant on the seeds to grow. The lack of a kill step postsprouting is a major safety concern. Thus, the use of a kill step on the seeds prior to a sprouting step would enhance the safety of fresh sprouts. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of the combined thermal and chlorine dioxide gas (3.5 mg/liter of air) treatment with mechanical mixing (tumbling) to eliminate Salmonella on artificially inoculated mung bean seeds. Although no viable Salmonella was recovered from seeds treated in hot water at 60°C for 2 h, these treated seeds failed to germinate. Dry heat treatments (55, 60, or 70°C) for up to 8 h reduced Salmonella populations in excess of 3 log CFU/g. The use of tumbling, while treating the seeds, resulted in up to 1.6 log CFU/g reduction in Salmonella populations compared with no tumbling. Dry heat treatment at 65°C for 18 h with tumbling resulted in a complete inactivation of Salmonella populations on inoculated seeds with low inoculum levels (2.83 log CFU/g) as compared with high inoculum levels (4.75 log CFU/g). The increased reductions in pathogenic populations on the seeds with the use of tumbling could be attributed to increased uniformity of heat transfer and exposure to chlorine dioxide gas. All treated seeds were capable of germinating, as well as the nontreated controls. These results suggest that this combined treatment would be a viable process for enhancing the safety of fresh sprouts.

Efficacy of Aqueous Ozone and Chlorine in Combination with Passive Modified Atmosphere Packaging on the Postharvest Shelf-Life Extension of Green Chillies (Capsicum annuum L.)

Aqueous ozone and chlorine treatments were evaluated for their effectiveness on postharvest quality of green chillies packed under passive modified atmosphere (MA) conditions. Ozone (30 mg) treatment was found significantly (p > 0.05) more effective in maintaining the postharvest quality of chillies as compared to chlorine-treated (100 mg kg−1) and untreated samples. Use of passive modified atmospheric packaging further maintained the quality of chillies and increased their shelf-life when stored at (8 ± 1 °C). Ozone washing also delayed senescence and maintained firmness of chillies during storage. The results suggest that microbial population in terms of total plate count, coliforms, as well as yeast and mold counts of fresh green chillies can be reduced without depleting its major bioactive compounds except for ascorbic acid using combined treatments of ozone wash and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP). This combination treatment (ozone + MAP) also maintained pigment stability in chillies during storage and extended the shelf-life up to 36 days against 28 and 22 days in the case of chlorine-washed and untreated samples, respectively.

Determination of cast iron pipe wall decay coefficient for combined chlorine in a municipal water distribution system

Predicting disinfectant concentrations in water distribution systems using water quality models requires the input of the wall decay coefficient of the disinfectant. In this study, field water sampling data was integrated with network hydraulic and water quality model simulations of a section of the municipal water distribution system in the City of Edmonton, composed of predominantly cast iron piping, to determine a wall decay coefficient for combined chlorine (chloramine). Unique combined chlorine wall decay coefficients that provided the best fit of model-predicted chlorine concentrations to the field data were determined at two temperatures. Using the determined wall decay coefficients, the water quality model can be used to predict combined chlorine concentrations.

Secondary formation of disinfection by-products by UV treatment of swimming pool water

Formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) during experimental UV treatment of pool water has previously been reported with little concurrence between laboratory studies, field studies and research groups. In the current study, changes in concentration of seven out of eleven investigated volatile DBPs were observed in experiments using medium pressure UV treatment, with and without chlorine and after post-UV chlorination.Results showed that post-UV chlorine consumption increased, dose-dependently, with UV treatment dose. A clear absence of trihalomethane formation by UV and UV with chlorine was observed, while small yet statistically significant increases in dichloroacetonitrile and dichloropropanone concentrations were detected. Results indicate that post-UV chlorination clearly induced secondary formation of several DBPs. However, the formation of total trihalomethanes was no greater than what could be replicated by performing the DBP formation assay with higher chlorine concentrations to simulate extended chlorination. Post-UV chlorination of water from a swimming pool that continuously uses UV treatment to control combined chlorine could not induce secondary formation for most DBPs. Concurrence for induction of trihalomethanes was identified between post-UV chlorination treatments and simulated extended chlorination time treatment. Trihalomethanes could not be induced by UV treatment of water from a continuously UV treated pool. This indicates that literature reports of experimentally induced trihalomethane formation by UV may be a result of kinetic increase in formation by UV. However, this does not imply that higher trihalomethane concentrations would occur in pools that apply continuous UV treatment.The bromine fraction of halogens in formed trihalomethanes increased with UV dose. This indicates that UV removes bromine atoms from larger molecules that participate in trihalomethane production during post-UV chlorination.Additionally, no significant effect on DBP formation was observed due to photo-inducible radical forming molecules NO3− (potentially present in high concentrations in pool water) and H2O2 (added as part of commercially employed DBP reducing practices).

Disinfection of herbal spa pool using combined chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite treatment.

The presence of pathogenic microorganisms in public spa pools poses a serious threat to human health. The problem is particularly acute in herbal spas, in which the herbs and microorganisms may interact and produce undesirable consequences. Accordingly, the present study investigated the effectiveness of a combined disinfectant containing chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite in improving the water quality of a public herbal spa in Taiwan. Water samples were collected from the spa pool and laboratory tests were then performed to measure the variation over time of the microorganism content (total CFU and total coliforms) and residual disinfectant content given a single disinfection mode (SDM) with disinfectant concentrations of 5.2 × 10, 6.29 × 10, 7.4 × 10, and 11.4 × 10(-5) N, respectively. Utilizing the experience gained from the laboratory tests, a further series of on-site investigations was performed using three different disinfection modes, namely SDM, 3DM (once every 3 h disinfection mode), and 2DM (once every 2 h disinfection mode). The laboratory results showed that for all four disinfectant concentrations, the CFU concentration reduced for the first 6 h following SDM treatment, but then increased. Moreover, the ANOVA results showed that the sample treated with the highest disinfectant concentration (11.4 × 10(-5) N) exhibited the lowest rate of increase in the CFU concentration. In addition, the on-site test results showed that 3DM and 2DM treatments with disinfectant concentrations in excess of 9.3 × 10 and 5.5 × 10(-5) N, respectively, provided an effective reduction in the total CFU concentration. In conclusion, the experimental results presented in this study provide a useful source of reference for spa businesses seeking to improve the water quality of their spa pools.

高濃度気体溶解水と少量の塩素とを併用した水の殺菌技術の開発

高濃度気体溶解水と少量の塩素とを併用した水の殺菌技術の開発

ChemInform Abstract: Chlorosulfonamide Salts Are Superior Electrophilic Chlorine Precursors for the Organocatalytic Asymmetric Chlorocyclization of Unsaturated Amides.

AbstractChloramine‐T is used as an inexpensive precursor of electrophilic chloride to produce asymmetric chlorocyclization of N‐allylic substituted aroylamides.

Iodine chemistry in the troposphere and its effect on ozone

Abstract. Despite the potential influence of iodine chemistry on the oxidizing capacity of the troposphere, reactive iodine distributions and their impact on tropospheric ozone remain almost unexplored aspects of the global atmosphere. Here we present a comprehensive global modelling experiment aimed at estimating lower and upper limits of the inorganic iodine burden and its impact on tropospheric ozone. Two sets of simulations without and with the photolysis of IxOy oxides (i.e. I2O2, I2O3 and I2O4) were conducted to define the range of inorganic iodine loading, partitioning and impact in the troposphere. Our results show that the most abundant daytime iodine species throughout the middle to upper troposphere is atomic iodine, with an annual average tropical abundance of (0.15–0.55) pptv. We propose the existence of a "tropical ring of atomic iodine" that peaks in the tropical upper troposphere (~11–14 km) at the equator and extends to the sub-tropics (30° N–30° S). Annual average daytime I / IO ratios larger than 3 are modelled within the tropics, reaching ratios up to ~20 during vigorous uplift events within strong convective regions. We calculate that the integrated contribution of catalytic iodine reactions to the total rate of tropospheric ozone loss (IOx Loss) is 2–5 times larger than the combined bromine and chlorine cycles. When IxOy photolysis is included, IOx Loss represents an upper limit of approximately 27, 14 and 27% of the tropical annual ozone loss for the marine boundary layer (MBL), free troposphere (FT) and upper troposphere (UT), respectively, while the lower limit throughout the tropical troposphere is ~9%. Our results indicate that iodine is the second strongest ozone-depleting family throughout the global marine UT and in the tropical MBL. We suggest that (i) iodine sources and its chemistry need to be included in global tropospheric chemistry models, (ii) experimental programs designed to quantify the iodine budget in the troposphere should include a strategy for the measurement of atomic I, and (iii) laboratory programs are needed to characterize the photochemistry of higher iodine oxides to determine their atmospheric fate since they can potentially dominate halogen-catalysed ozone destruction in the troposphere.

Decolorization of ethyl orange azo dye by oxidation process with acidified chloramine-T: spectrophotometric, kinetic and mechanistic approaches

Ethyl orange (EO) is a mono-azo dye, which is chiefly used as a dye in textile, food, and cosmetic industries. Removal of this dye from wastewater generated by these industries is a main concern in wastewater treatment. Hence, there is a need for a simple and inexpensive method to abolish this dye present in wastewater. A search through literature revealed that very few reports are available on the decolorization of EO dye and also no kinetic and mechanistic studies have been carried out about this dye. Consequently, an attempt is made to develop an oxidative decolorization method for EO dye with chloramine-T (CAT). The present study also aims to investigate the kinetics and mechanism of oxidative decolorization of EO dye with CAT in HClO4 medium spectrophotometrically (λmax = 474 nm) at 303 K. The reaction exhibits a first-order dependence of rate on [EO]o and fractional-order dependence, each on [CAT]o and [H+], respectively. The dielectric effect is positive. Activation parameters have been deduced. Oxidation products were identified as N-(4-diethylamino-phenyl)-hydroxyamine and 4-nitroso-benzenesulfonic acid. Suitable mechanism and related rate law have been worked out. Importantly, the present decolorization method is definitely an advantageous alternative technique in treating the EO dye present in wastewater.

Mechanistic chemistry of oxidation of balsalazide with acidic chloramine-T and bromamine-T: A comparative spectrophotometric kinetic study

Balsalazide (BSZ) belongs to a class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of BSZ with sodium N-halo-p-toluenesulfonamides viz., chloramine-T(CAT) and bromamine-T(BAT) in HClO4 medium have been spectrophotometrically investigated (\(\lambda _{\max } =\)357nm) at 303 K. Under comparable experimental conditions, reactions with both the oxidants follow a first-order dependence of rate on [BSZ] and fractional-order dependence on each [oxidant] and [HClO4]. Activation parameters and reaction constants have been computed. 2-hydroxy-5-nitroso-benzoic acid and 3-(4-nitroso-benzoylamino)-propionic acid are identified as the oxidation products of BSZ with both CAT and BAT. The rate of oxidation of BSZ is about five-fold faster with BAT than with CAT. Plausible mechanism and related rate law have been deduced for the observed kinetics. Kinetics of oxidation of balsalazide (BSZ) by chloramine-T and bromamine-T in HClO4 medium has been investigated. Both the reactions follow identical kinetics, with a first-order dependence of rate on [BSZ] and fractional-order dependence on each [oxidant] and [HClO4]. Plausible mechanism and related rate law have been deduced.

Innovative colorimetric sensors for the selective detection of monochloramine in air and in water

The development of a new disposable chemical sensor for the direct and selective detection of monochloramine, NH2Cl, a toxic pollutant present in both water and atmosphere of indoor swimming pools, is described. This innovative chemical and colorimetric sensor is based on the use of nanoporous matrices doped with probe-molecules, which act as sponges to trap the targeted pollutant and turn from transparent to dark blue. The calibration for gaseous NH2Cl was carried out with concentrations ranging from 60 to 250ppb at room temperature and in humid atmosphere. In water the detection limit of NH2Cl is 0.01mg/L. This method, which is selective and easy-to-use, could favorably replace the current method of detection of free and combined chlorine used in swimming pools.

Seasonal dynamics of water and air chemistry in an indoor chlorinated swimming pool

Although swimming is known to be beneficial in terms of cardiovascular health, as well as for some forms of rehabilitation, swimming is also known to present risks to human health, largely in the form of exposure to microbial pathogens and disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Relatively little information is available in the literature to characterize the seasonal dynamics of air and water chemistry in indoor chlorinated swimming pools. To address this issue, water samples were collected five days per week from an indoor chlorinated swimming pool facility at a high school during the academic year and once per week during summer over a fourteen-month period. The samples were analyzed for free and combined chlorine, urea, volatile DBPs, pH, temperature and total alkalinity. Membrane Introduction Mass Spectrometry (MIMS) was used to identify and measure the concentrations of eleven aqueous-phase volatile DBPs. Variability in the concentrations of these DBPs was observed. Factors that influenced variability included bather loading and mixing by swimmers. These compounds have the ability to adversely affect water and air quality and human health. A large fraction of the existing literature regarding swimming pool air quality has focused on trichloramine (NCl3). For this work, gas-phase NCl3 was analyzed by an air sparging-DPD/KI method. The results showed that gas-phase NCl3 concentration is influenced by bather loading and liquid-phase NCl3 concentration. Urea is the dominant organic-N compound in human urine and sweat, and is known to be an important precursor for producing NCl3 in swimming pools. Results of daily measurements of urea indicated a link between bather load and urea concentration in the pool.

Spectroscopic analysis of the impact of oxidative stress on the structure of human serum albumin (HSA) in terms of its binding properties

Oxygen metabolism has an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in the course of cellular oxidative phosphorylation and by activated phagocytic cells during oxidative bursts, exceed the physiological buffering capacity and result in oxidative stress. ROS result in oxidation of serum albumin, which causes a number of structural changes in the spatial structure, may influence the binding and cause significant drug interactions, particularly in polytherapy. During the oxidation modification of amino acid residues, particularly cysteine and methionine may occur.The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of oxidative stress on human serum albumin (HSA) structure and evaluate of possible alterations in the binding of the drug to oxidized human serum albumin (oHSA). HSA was oxidized by a chloramine-T (CT). CT reacts rapidly with sulfhydryl groups and at pH 7.4 the reaction was monitored by spectroscopic techniques. Modification of free thiol group in the Cys residue in HSA was quantitatively determined by the use of Ellman’s reagent. Changes of albumin conformation were examined by comparison of modified (oHSA) and nonmodified human serum albumin (HSA) absorption spectra, emission spectra, red-edge shift (REES) and synchronous spectroscopy. Studies of absorption spectra indicated that changes in the value of absorbance associated with spectral changes in the region of 200–250nm involve structural alterations in peptide backbone conformation. Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy technique confirmed changes of position of tryptophanyl and tyrosyl residues fluorescent band caused by CT. Moreover analysis of REES effect allowed to observe structural changes caused by CT in the region of the hydrophobic pocket containing the tryptophanyl residue.Effect of oxidative stress on binding of anti-rheumatic drugs, sulfasalazine (SSZ) and sulindac (SLD) in the high and low affinity binding sites was investigated by spectrofluorescence, ITC and 1H NMR spectroscopy, respectively. SSZ and SLD change the affinity of each other to the binding site in non- and modified human serum albumin. The presence of SLD causes the increase of association constant (Ka) of SSZ–oHSA system and the strength of binding and the stability of the complexes has been observed while in the presence of SSZ a displacement of SLD from the SLD–HSA has been recorded. The analysis of 1H NMR spectral parameters i.e. changes of chemical shifts of the drug indicate that the presence of SSZ and SLD have a mutual influence on changes in the affinity of human serum albumin binding site and this competition takes place not only due to the additional drug but also to the oxidation of HSA.

Oxidative decolorisation of Eriochrome Black T with Chloramine‐T: kinetic, mechanistic, and spectrophotometric approaches

The kinetics and mechanism of oxidative decolorisation of Eriochrome Black T (EBT) with sodium N‐chloro‐p‐toluenesulfonamide or Chloramine‐T (CAT), catalysed by osmium tetroxide [Os(VIII)] in alkaline medium and uncatalysed in acid medium, have been spectrophotometrically investigated at 303 K. The reaction exhibited a first‐order dependence of rate on [CAT]0 and [EBT]0 in both media, and also with respect to [H+]. The order with respect to [OH‐] and [Os(VIII)] was fractional. Activation parameters were deduced. It was observed that the uncatalysed decolorisation reaction was ca. eightfold faster in acid medium in comparison with alkaline medium, while the Os(VIII)‐catalysed reaction was ca. sevenfold faster than the uncatalysed reaction. Mechanisms and rate laws were determined. The chemical oxygen demand of Eriochrome Black T dye was also determined. Importantly, the developed oxidative decolorisation method is simple, efficient, inexpensive, requires less time, and is environmentally benign. Hence, it can be adapted for treating Eriochrome Black T present in industrial and laboratory wastewater.

The effectiveness of ozone-chlorine treatment for reducing chloramine concentration compared to chlorine treatment in swimming pools and whirlpools


 Objectives: Chloramines are by-products of chlorine disinfected swimming pools and are hazardous to people if chloramines evaporate into the air. There is evidence that chloramines cause upper respiratory tract and eye irritation. It was suspected that ozone treatment in addition to chlorine disinfection will reduce chloramine levels in the pool. The following study compared chloramine concentration in a strictly chlorine disinfected swimming pool and whirlpool (C.G. Brown) in Burnaby, BC with an ozone-chlorine disinfected swimming pool and whirlpool (Killarney) in Vancouver, BC. The study also compared each pool and whirlpool to the 1.0 mg/L combined chlorine concentration limit in the B.C. Pool Regulation. Methods: Chloramine concentrations were determined by using a Hach Pocket Colorimeter 2 Analysis System which used a DPD method of analysis. Chloramine was determined by subtracting total chlorine by the free chlorine. Thirty pool water samples were analyzed based on two samples per pool per day for fifteen days. A two sample t-test was used to compare the ozone-chlorine treated pools with the chlorine only treated pools using the Mann-Whitney U test. A z-test was used to compare all types of swimming pools and whirlpools to the 1.0 mg/L limit. Results: The chloramine concentration in both the ozone-chlorine disinfected swimming pool and whirlpool was not statistically significantly lower than in the chlorine disinfected swimming pool (p=0.263597) and whirlpool (p=0.523672). Both types of swimming pools were found to be statistically significantly greater than the 1.0 mg/L chloramine limit (p=0.000023 in the chlorine pool and p=0.00001 for the ozone-chlorine pool). Similarly, both types of whirlpools were determined to be statistically significantly greater than the 1.0 mg/L chloramine limit (p=0.000001 for the chlorine pool and p=0.000001 for the ozone-chlorine pool). Conclusion: It was determined that there was no difference between ozone chlorine treated pools and chlorine only treated pools. Environmental Health Officers can suggest other forms of secondary treatment instead of ozone since there is no significant difference compared to chlorine only treated pools in reducing chloramine concentrations. This information is also beneficial for pool operators because they can increase their flow rates for pools that use ozonation or strictly chlorination relative to what they were originally designed for.

Effectiveness of improvised gas absorption techniques for emergency responders at releases of toxic gases

During accidental releases of toxic gases emergency responders use different measures to eliminate the threat of a toxic gas cloud. Case studies from incidents in Vienna or in Trieben in Austria showed the need for studies on the effectiveness of such measures. An Trieben in 2009 IBC tank with 1,000 l of nitric acid (53%) was flipped over by a forklift and cracked open in the top area. The content was fully released and lead to serious corrosion effects on storage racks combined with the production of critical amounts of nitrous fumes. A storage and chemical handling area of several hundred square meters was filled by nitrous fumes with concentrations of up to 100 ppm. Emergency responders used an improvised gas absorption system to clear the area of toxic fumes. Outside the sealed area concentrations of nitrous fumes well below the AEGL‐2 (4h) value for nitrous dioxide where measured. In the course of the analyses of the response, the effectiveness of improvised gas absorption techniques was investigated. For the investigations, chlorine and ammonia in combination with a mobile exhauster, (10,000 m3/h) commonly used by emergency responders in Austria were used. Different methods of gas absorption were investigated and tested on their practical relevance. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 34: 154–156, 2015

Microwave assisted synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of few derivatives of 1,4-dihydropyridines containing 1,3,4-oxadiazoles

In the view of extensive literature survey which revealed the anticonvulsant profile of 1,4-dihydropyridines and 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, we have coupled these two moieties with the aim of achieving enhanced anticonvulsant effect. The synthesis of novel compounds comprised of four steps; firstly the Hantzsch dihydropyridines were prepared, then their esters were prepared and then their corresponding hydrazides were prepared from which the final compounds were synthesized. A greener approach is employed by using chloramine-T as an efficient and safer oxidative catalyst for the synthesis of oxadiazole, and the use of microwave technique for accelerating the chemical reactions. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed on the basis of IR, 1 H-NMR and Mass analyses. Acute toxicity study was done to determine LD 50 of the newly synthesized compounds. Some of the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anticonvulsant effect by PTZ induced convulsions method. Statistical testing was done by one way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test. The compounds AN1242 and CA7212 showed highest percentage of protection against convulsions at the dose of 15 mg/kg among the evaluated compounds compared to control.