Combat Duty Research Articles

Possible Approaches to Improving SMF Combat Duty in the Current Military-Political Situation

Possible Approaches to Improving SMF Combat Duty in the Current Military-Political Situation

С этой ракеты начинался наш путь в «Тополиную рощу» (о проведении летных испытаний межконтинентальной баллистической ракеты РТ-2 на полигоне «Плесецк»)

In the first half of the 1960s, Special Design Bureau No. 1 created the RT-2 intercontinental ballistic missile. The use of the new missile in the Strategic Missile Forces was supposed to be part of the Separate Start type missile system. It was meant to be a worthy response to the American Minutemen. For the RT-2 rocket flight development tests, an experimental test base (technical and launch positions, command-measuring and computing complexes) and infrastructure facilities (roads, bridges) were created, fall fields and target fields were prepared, testing military units were formed, and personnel was trained. In 1966-68, flight tests of the RT-2 rocket were carried out as part of the 15P098 missile system. Although the RT-2 missile did not match the American Minutemen in terms of shooting accuracy and throw-weight, it was put into service and its modified version was on combat duty until 1994. The RT-2 became the first domestic solid-fuel intercontinental ballistic missile. An original layout and a new control system allowed it to “almost catch up” with the characteristics of Minuteman-2 and created the prerequisites for its further modernization. An excellent silo launcher, the best command post at that time, the first remote control and monitoring systems, and a small number of maintenance personnel made the system with these missiles one of the best in the Strategic Missile Forces at the beginning of the 1970s. The purpose of this article is to summarize information about the flight development tests of the RT-2 missile at the 53rd Research Test Site of the USSR Ministry of Defense (Mirny, Arkhangelsk Region). To achieve it, in addition to official documents and technical documentation, the author used information from the archives of testing military units and memories of participants in the events.

Peculiarities of administrative liability for violation of the rules of being on combat duty

Peculiarities of administrative liability for violation of the rules of being on combat duty

Forms of regulatory regulation to ensure tactical literacy of official combat missions by personnel of the National Police of Ukraine

In the article, the author examines the legislative provisions regarding the tactical competence of the National Police of Ukraine during the performance of their official and combat tasks, including combat training of personnel during a state of war. Specifically, attention has been given to the origins of some fundamental concepts in their work, the authority to ensure and implement measures of the legal framework during a state of war, the performance of official duties, and the execution of combat tasks by police officers.
 The research's scientific novelty lies in the in­depth theoretical study of the legal aspects of tactical competence of National Police officers while carrying out their official and combat duties. The performance of police services during times of war, emergencies, or other critical situations necessitates specific competencies, skills, and character traits for police personnel. Key requirements for police officers include the ability to make rapid decisions in critical situations, act while considering all circumstances, possess a basic level of military training and skills to effectively cooperate with military units and other law enforcement agencies during a state of war, take responsibility for organizing and providing humanitarian aid to civilians, including evacuation and first aid, as well as ensuring the preservation of the rights and freedoms of citizens, even in wartime conditions, avoiding excessive use of force, and regulating their activities in accordance with the law.
 The research underscores the importance of utilizing the appropriate competencies, skills, and character traits for the successful execution of tasks by police officers in times of war, emergency situations, and other critical circumstances.

Firefighters’ Skin Temperature During A Simulated Fire Combat Duty

Firefighters’ Skin Temperature During A Simulated Fire Combat Duty

Психологические особенности патриотического воспитания сотрудников органов внутренних дел Российской Федерации

Within the framework of this article, we examined the main features of the education of patriotism among law enforcement officers from a psychological point of view. In particular, we analyzed the patterns that affect the development of positive, creative patriotism among law enforcement officers, which we noticed during educational work. In addition, we briefly described the key elements of the patterns of patriotism education for both future and current law enforcement officers, developed a number of recommendations for a more productive organization of educational activities.
 The problem statement: serving in law enforcement agencies implies the presence of specific moral and mental qualities among police officers, which are designed to ensure firm stamina and an objective position of the individual. This is vital, since law enforcement requires endurance, confidence and courage. All these qualities, of course, reasonably place risks and priorities in the process of fulfilling military-political tasks while on combat duty.
 The purpose of the study: to study the psychological characteristics of patriotic education of police officers of the Russian Federation
 The research methods: dialectics, hermeneutics, synergetics, philosophical conceptology.
 The results and key conclusions: in the course of the study, they were able to outline the likely difficulties and erroneous actions that may arise in the process of relaying the ideas of patriotism. This made it possible to provide a methodological substantiation of the need for the relevance of educating patriotism for the personality of a law enforcement officer: both in everyday life and in the course of service. A high level of patriotism provides counteraction to swindlers, terrorists, and makes it possible to carry out military and political tasks of national importance with high quality.

The application of forward psychiatry among Malaysian soldiers on battlefield: Case Series

Introduction: The forward psychiatry practice in the combat field has proven effective in reducing the attrition rates due to combat and operational stress of the service members. The concept has evolved over the years with the same objective to conserve the fighting troops' strength and minimize the incident rates of post-traumatic stress disorder among the soldiers. The Combat and Operational Stress Reaction (COSR) team has been deployed to the conflict zone and applied the forward psychiatry principles to the troops on the battlefield. Case Series: Here, we presented 3 case series of service members that were attended by the COSR team during their deployment on the frontline. First, a serviceman presented with late recognition of acute stress symptoms following active combat duty with poor support from his unit. Second, a combat engineer presented with anxiety and somatic symptoms after combat duty; third, a combat radio operator with early detection of acute stress symptoms by his unit commander. Results: In the first case, the patient's psychological condition deteriorated, requiring frequent sedation and transfer to a military tertiary hospital. In the second and third cases, both patients improved and returned to their duties with individualized psychotherapy and relaxation techniques. Conclusion: Early detection of the symptoms and intervention based on the principles of forward psychiatry in active combat zone facilitate service members' return to function and reduce complications and morbidity to their psychological health. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 23(8) August, 2022; 1-11.

Post-refractive surgery of Israeli Defense Forces recruits in 2005-2018-prevalence, combat unit drop-out rates and utilization of eye-care services.

To assess the number of recruits for military service in the Israeli Defense Force (IDF) who underwent refractive surgery prior to enlistment and examine whether the procedure affected their ability to accomplish combat training. Medical records of IDF recruits. Retrospective analysis of medical records of recruits with ametropia who underwent or did not undergo refractive surgery prior to enlistment. Recruits were categorized into ametropes and recruits who underwent refractive surgery. Fitness and assignment to combat units and completion status of combat training were compared between the two groups. The study included 334,688 (182,969 males, 151,719 females) ametropes of which 5231 (4753 males, 478 females) underwent refractive surgery prior to recruitment. Refractive surgery prevalence increased from 9/1000 ametropes in 2005 to 18.5/1000 ametropes in 2018 (r = 0.912, p < 0.001); 2643 of the operated recruits (50.5%) had their surgery at the age of 17-18. Dropout rates from combat training were significantly lower in the refractive surgery group during the study period (1.68% vs. 6.14%, respectively, p < 0.001). Soldiers in the operated group were more frequently referred to ophthalmologists than those in the ametropes group and less frequently referred to optometrists. The prevalence of refractive surgery in IDF recruits has increased substantially during the last decade with more of them applying to combat units. Refractive surgery opened new possibilities for recruits who were unfit for combat duty prior to surgery and did not appear to impair the chances of successfully completing combat training.

Personnel policy of the Russian Navy and issues of social security

The relevance of the problem of this article lies in determining the current content of the issues of the personnel policy of the Russian Navy and its most important components such as social security, social security of military personnel and their families. The profession of a military sailor today is associated with many restrictions, the need to be constantly ready to take up combat duty, especially in the situation of the Russian Federation conducting a special operation in Ukraine. The requirements for professional training and personal qualities of the military personnel of the Navy are increasing in the most serious way. The solution of the goals and objectives of naval activity today is impossible without a quality personnel policy, the provision of social guarantees and social protection. The article defines the goals and objectives of the study. Official documents of the level of presidential decrees, scientific articles of a theoretical and methodological nature, and specialists — practitioners of the Russian Navy were used as an empirical and information base for the study. It is shown that the modern state policy in the field of maritime activities for the period up to 2030 is determined by a number of state documents of a legal, doctrinal, strategic and planning nature. At the highest political level — the presidential Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of July 20, 2017 N 327, the content of the social security sphere of the Navy is determined and a number of social guarantees are fixed for military personnel and their families, civilian personnel of the Navy and federal security service agencies. The author made conclusions and recommendations.

Reducing the risks of nuclear war to humanity

Reducing the risks of nuclear war to humanity

РОСІЯ “РАННЬОГО ПУТІНАˮ В ПОШУКАХ НОВОЇ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ: МОДЕРНА ІМПЕРСЬКА ІДЕОЛОГІЯ В ТІНІ “ГУМАНІТАРНОГОˮ “РУСЬКОГО МИРУˮ

At the beginning of the XXI century the leadership of the Kremlin significantly strengthened control over the processes in the Russian state, achieved certain successes in the implementation of integration projects in the post-Soviet space. To increase the geopolitical weight of the Russian Federation and further strengthen its position on the territory of the so-called “near abroadˮ, Kremlin political technologists developed a new imperial ideology. Ivan Ilyin, a critic of the Bolsheviks and a supporter of monarchism and fascism, acted as an ideological guide for the Russian ruling elite. A practical manifestation of the new ideological approaches was the introduction of the “Day of People’s Unityˮ associated with the traditions of tsarist Russia, which essentially replaced the celebration of the so called “Great October Socialist Revolutionˮ. In the same vein, we can consider the launch of the action called “Saint George's ribbonˮ, which is a kind of attempt to combine the legacy of the Romanovs with the pages of the history of the USSR convenient for the Kremlin. Criticizing the federal nature of the Soviet Union, the Kremlin at the same time actively used the victory of the USSR in World War II for its geopolitical purposes. To the greatest extent, this was manifested due to the active popularization of the myth of the “Great Victoryˮ and the hypertrophied celebration of “Victory Dayˮ − the so-called “Pobedobesieˮ. One of the important components of the new state ideology of the Russian Federation was the active use of the “besieged fortressˮ concept. Tough declarations of the leadership of Russia at that time were complemented by decisive steps. The use of radioactive substances on the territory of Great Britain to kill a former employee of the FSB, cyber-attacks on the governmental structure of a NATO and EU member – Estonia, a return to the Soviet practice of aviation combat duty, a missile strike on Georgian territory by a Russian aircraft demonstrated the readiness of official Moscow to raise the stakes in the framework of the struggle for the redistribution of geopolitical “chessboardˮ. The ideological project “Russian Worldˮ became the decoration for Russian imperialism and revanchism. During the second presidential term of Vladimir Putin, it was already possible to trace warming signals that unequivocally demonstrated that behind the “humanitarianˮ envelope of “Russian Worldˮ the aggressive foreign policy goals of the Russian leadership were hidden. The most openly imperial essence of the Putin regime in its early stages is reflected in the framework of the so-called “Russian doctrineˮ. This document included provisions on the messianic role of Russia, criticism of the Bolsheviks for the division of the USSR into republics, the postulate on the historical continuity of the Russian Federation from tsarist times, etc. In the context of outlining the foreign policy goals of the Russian Federation, the doctrine refers to the creation of a multipolar world, the non-recognition of the 1991 Belovezh Accords, and the beginning of the path that should lead to the “reunificationˮ of Russia with Belarus, Ukraine and Kazakhstan is declared.

MODERN DREAMS. PLANNING FIREPLACES

An analysis of the current pace of development of hypersonic technologies for the means of launching spacecraft into Earth orbit, as well as for unmanned weapons systems, which embody both impact properties and reconnaissance functions. In order to better understand the strategic importance of technologies based on direct-flow jet engines, fragmentary coverage of the impressive path of achievements of aerospace technology, given some of the highlights of the history of its formation. The presented article analyzes the current problem - increasing the reliability, reliability and accuracy of the definition and classification of moving targets by autonomous means of aircraft on combat duty. The results of the research cover the features of the starting positions and functional action on the combat duty of aircraft of different classes and bases and are able to serve as a reliable scientific basis for improving military equipment on hypersonic technologies

Actualization of the problem of creation of special equipment for mobile stations of monitoring internet media and radio area based on the chassis of vehicles, which are theirtransport, energy and information-analytical base.

The specifics of the work of the combat crew for monitoring the Internet media and radio air in combat conditions determines the expected equipment of the combat duty vehicle of the crew for monitoring the Internet media and radio air.The combat duty vehicle refers to special equipment and is used in mobile monitoring stations for Internet media and radio broadcasting based on the chassis of vehicles, which are their transport, energy and information-analytical base.

Meilleures Pratiques Internationales De Lutte Contre Le Terrorisme Et La Criminalite Organisee Par Des Unites Speciales Et Des Services De Detection Et De Repression

Therefore, this unit as a component of the gendarmerie is built on the principle of a military unit. The gendarmerie, one of the few state institutions in France, has been in existence for over 200 years and has a status as DOI: 10.32370/IA_2021_03_07 a significant component of the country's armed forces and is an extremely important part of the police system. The gendarmerie is subordinated to the Ministry of Defense (on the authority of the Main Directorate), and on the ground - to the command of military districts. At the same time, the gendarmerie is at the operational disposal of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Justice. Significant autonomy within the Armed Forces allows the gendarmerie to combine military functions with purely police and administrative ones. The difference between police and gendarmerie is that the police are civilian civil servants. They can wear civilian clothes and trade union and political freedoms. Gendarmes also have the status of servicemen and military ranks, always in uniform, not entitled to strike and are responsible for violations in accordance with military charters - from guardians to dismissal from service (for example, for the use of alcohol "in the performance of official duties" the gendarme is threatened arrest for up to 30 days). The need for the creation of the Austrian Special Forces was conditioned by the urgency of taking measures to ensure the safety of the flow of emigrants of Jewish nationality from the former USSR since in autumn 1973 against them was committed serious terrorist act. Special unit "Cobra" enters the warehouse of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and has got a double subordination: through direct combat engagement to the head of public safety, and in relation to personnel issues and logistics - the central command of the gendarmerie of the Austrian Ministry of Internal Affairs. Among the well-known British Special Political Service (Special Air Service, or SAS) is probably the best counterterrorism unit. Its component - Special Projects (SP) team - the main anti-terrorist squad. The Special Air Service and its Counter Revolutionary Warfare Squadron (CRW) unit, the Antirevolutionary Military Squadron, were founded in 1942. The feature of training SAS servicemen is to teach each soldier to possess all methods and means of combating terrorism. To achieve this, SAS trains all of its squadron through training cycles. Acquired skills are improved later in the SP-team's combat duties. The main thing in the work is the maximum approximation of training sessions to a real combat situation in the conduct of operations on the release of hostages, in the role of which are civilians. Anti-terrorist training of SAS and the development of practical measures for the release of hostages is facilitated by the fact that high-ranking members of the British Government, including the Prime Minister, are personally involved in it.

THE ROLE OF SOCIAL FACTORS IN THE VERIFICATIONA AND ASSESSMENT PROCESS OF PHYSICAL TRAINING IN ARMED FORCES OF ARMENIA

A set of sociological surveys have been conducted in order to assess the social impact in the process of developing Physical Training Assessment System of the RA Armed Forces, servicemen engagement in and attitude towards physical training. For we consider it important to obtain reliable information, servicemen of different ages, genders, professions, categories serving in different climatic conditions, military units and locations were interviewed. A separate analysis was carried out for different categories (private soldiers, warrant officers, ordnance officers) of servicemen with different status (conscripts, contract soldiers). Over time, by re-equipping and reorganizing the armed forces, approaches to physical training are changing. Thus for introducing modern and more efficient assessment and inspection methods, it is necessary to analyze the requirements of active military personnel serving in combat duty zones and to determine their performance level of mobility tasks in a combat area. The social conditions of servicemen may also be taken into account during the development of assessment system.

Medical and statistical indicators of injuries among contract military personnel (privates, sergeants and foreman) in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (2003—2019)

Relevance. The extreme conditions of the service determine the probability of servicemen' erroneous actions, stress, and often a decrease in the functional reserves of the body. This results in diseases and injuries.Intention: To analyze the indicators of injuries in the contract military personnel (privates, sergeants and foremen) of the Russian Armed Forces in 2003-2019.Methodology. The selective statistical analysis of medical reports on the state of health of military personnel by the form 3/MED was carried out. The military units with the contract military personnel about 80 % of the total personnel were under consideration. The indicators of injuries were correlated with the blocks (S00-T98) of the ICD-10 Chapter XIX “Injuries, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes”.Results and their discussion. In 2003-2019, the injuries incidence among the contact military personnel by ICD-10 Chapter XIX was (18.39 ± 1.74) ‰. Its percentage in the general structure of incidence rate for all ICD-10 Chapters was (3.7 ± 0.3) %. Corresponding hospitalization rates were (12.12 ± 0.88) ‰ with the percentage of (5.0 ± 0.4) %, working days loss - (311.5 ± 26.0) ‰ and (7.9 ± 0.6) %, dismissal - (0.24 ± 0.03) ‰ and (6.2 ± 0.7) %, mortality - (51.48 ± 4.53) per 100 thousand of personnel and (50.5 ± 2.2) %, respectively. There was a decrease in the rate and proportion of injuries in the general structure of analyzed indicators of morbidity. The most common injuries among the contract military personnel were injuries to the head (ICD-10 Chapter XIX block 1, S00-S09), wrist and hand (block 7, S60-S69), ankle and foot (block 10, S90-S99), knee and lower leg (block 9, S80-S89), elbow and forearm (block 6, S50-S59), shoulder and upper arm (block 5, S40-S49). The structure of the types of injuries to the areas of the body was presented. The military epidemiological assessment of the significance of the contract military personnel injuries was performed. The 1strank of the negative health effects significance was assigned to head injuries (block 1), injuries involving multiple body regions (block 11, T00-T07) ranked 2nd, sequelae of injuries, of poisoning and of other consequences of external causes (block 22, T90-T98) ranked 3rd, injuries to the ankle and foot (block 10) ranked 4thand injuries to the wrist and hand (block 7) ranked 5th. In total, these injuries amounted to 70.9 % of the assessed structure. Concerning trauma circumstances, many injuries occurred during off-duty hours (38.3 %). Injuries on combat duty comprised 3.4 %, during combat training - 17.4 %, on duty - 4.8 %, when using weapons and military equipment - 4.1 %, during household work - 5.4 %, during construction work - 1.7 %. Other circumstances were associated with 24.9 % of injuries.Conclusion. The obtained medical and statistical indicators of the injuries can determine the strategy of safe conditions for military professional activity, injuries prevention, medical and health promotion and rehabilitation measures for contract military personnel.

Методика проведення функціонального обстеження військової організаційної структури

Специфічні фактори діяльності Повітряних Сил Збройних Сил України вимагають пошуку нових підходів до проектування раціональної організаційно-штатної структури. Показано, що при розробці принципів і методик проектування найбільш важливим є встановлення порядку розподілу завдань між структурними складовими, їх внеску в досягнення цілей організації, а також відповідність штатної чисельності поставленим завданням (функціям). Запропоновано методичний апарат, який дозволяє здійснити наукове обґрунтування основних напрямків як вдосконалення систем управління, так і оптимізації військових організаційних структур в цілому.

Neck injuries – israel defense forces 20 years' experience

BackgroundNeck injuries are an important cause of combat mortality and morbidity. This study's objective was to examine the characteristics and causes of neck injuries among Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and emphasize the best treatment protocols for the advanced life support providers in the prehospital combat environment. MethodsThe IDF Trauma Registry (IDF-TR) includes prehospital data regarding casualties treated by the IDF's medical forces. This study was a retrospective, observational study that included all casualties who were injured between January 2006 and December 2018. ResultsBetween January 2016 and December 2018, 3294 casualties were recorded. During the study period, 1% (41/3,394) of all injury casualties in the registry were isolated neck injuries compared to 94% (3185/3,394) without neck injury. 42% (14/41) percent of the neck casualties were classified as urgent compared to 26% (830/3185, P = 0.09) in the no neck group. The most frequent type of injury mechanism in the neck casualties was penetrating injury (54% 22/41), mostly due to shrapnel (68% 15/22). 60% of neck injured personnel were injured during the 2nd Lebanon War and Operation Protective Edge in high-intensity conflicts. As for life-saving interventions, advanced airway interventions were performed in 12% of neck injured group (5/41) compared to 3% (104/3185, P = 0.02) in the no neck group. We revealed that cricothyroidotomy was performed in almost 10% (4/41) of neck injured casualties compared to only 1% (19/3185, P<0.0001) in no neck casualties. As for damage control resuscitation, neck injury casualties received higher amounts of Fresh Dried Plasma 7% (3/41) Vs. 1% (32/3185, P = 0.02) and Tranexamic acid 15% (6/41) Vs. 4% (124/3185, P = 0.01) compared to non-neck casualties. ConclusionsMilitary neck injuries are a significant cause of substantial disability and result in incompatibility with combat duties in previously healthy soldiers. Prompt medical care, especially urgent hemodynamic and airway management, is paramount in these injuries. Routine use of designated neck protection might lower the number of neck injuries, mitigate their severity, and even decrease mortality. Level of EvidenceLevel III (Retrospective study with up to two negative criteria)

Прогнозирование боеготовности военнослужащих информационно-технических подразделений Воздушно-космических сил Российской Федерации

The article is devoted to the development and verification of a model for psychodiagnostic forecasting of readiness of military personnel of information and technical units of the Russian aerospace forces to perform combat duty. The longitudinal study used standardized test tools (the method "Motivational profile of the individual", the personal questionnaire "Big five", the method of diagnosing the tendency to deviate behavior, the multi-level personal questionnaire" Adaptability", the method of studying the features of thinking), a questionnaire and expert assessment. Participants were 119 experts and 255 military personnel serving under a contract. The main difference in subgroups of military personnel of various degrees of readiness for combat duty was the presence of purposefulness and awareness of activity. In the regression model of predicting military readiness, the success of activity is associated with the presence of adaptive abilities, consciousness and intellectual potential. Combat readiness is reduced due to the soldier's tendency to aggression and violence, power and recognition, as well as utilitarian motivation. The results of the research allow us to improve the procedure for professional psychological selection of candidates for military service under a contract and preventative work with personnel, optimize training and combat training of military personnel, and ultimately increase the combat readiness of units and formations of constant readiness.

PENGARUH SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA TERHADAP PROFESIONALISME PRAJURIT PANGKALAN TNI AL DI PANTAI BARAT

&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Naval base as one of the integral components of the SSAT is the spearhead of power in carrying out support for the tasks of the operating units both in peacetime and during war. In carrying out its duties the Navy has an Integrated Fleet Weapon System (SSAT) which is the integration of strength of the capabilities of the KRI, Aircraft, Marines and Naval base components. To find out the professional level of the soldier, it is necessary to hold a Test of Combat Naval Base Task Force in order to realize, maintain and improve the skills of both individuals and groups, which in turn will increase the establishment of Operational Command and Control, Operational Procedures and the establishment of mastery of appropriate techniques and tactics. With the implementation of the test, it is expected to know about Naval Base Combat Readiness, a condition where the base can carry out its main tasks. Combat Duty Rehearsal is an exercise carried out by KRI or base to maintain the ability and professionalism of soldiers both programmed and programmed. This study aims to determine whether the relationship of human resource readiness influences the professional abilities of the Naval Base on west coast.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;