College Students Research Articles

Effects of anger and trigger identity on triggered displaced aggression among college students: based on the “kicking the barking dog effect”

BackgroundDrawing on the “kicking the barking dog effect”, this study investigated the individual and group-level mechanisms underlying triggered displaced aggression (TDA).MethodsThree experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of anger and hostile attribution on TDA, examining these factors at both the individual and group levels. The preliminary experiment investigated how emotions affect subsequent cognition at an individual level with the aim of understanding the underlying generative process of TDA. Experiment 1 explored the relationship between anger, hostile attribution, and subsequent aggressive behaviors at an individual level, while also discussing the underlying generative process of TDA. Experiment 2 investigated the relationship between anger, hostile attribution, and subsequent aggressive behaviors from a group-level perspective, while also delving into the impact of trigger identity on the underlying generative process of TDA.ResultsWhen individuals were exposed to both a provocation and a subsequent triggering situation, they demonstrated stronger hostile attribution and displayed more aggressive behavior directed toward the trigger. This study found that hostile attribution played a complete mediating role in the influence of anger on TDA, while the triggering situation itself had a moderating role. In the presence of triggering situations, individuals exhibited stronger hostile attribution as their level of anger increased. In the absence of a triggering situation, changes in anger level did not have a significant effect. In the presence of a triggering situation, the identity of the trigger played a moderating role in the process of “anger → hostile attribution → TDA”. When the trigger belonged to an in-group, individuals exhibited stronger hostile attribution toward the out-group and subsequently displayed greater TDA.ConclusionThese findings expand the applicability of the “kicking the barking dog effect” and offer suggestions for controlling the escalation of intergroup conflicts.

Study on anxiety, depression, and sleep conditions and their interrelations among vocational college students during the COVID-19 pandemic management normalization

ObjectiveThis study investigates the sleep patterns among vocational college students and examines their association with anxiety and depression amidst the ongoing normalization of COVID-19 management strategies.MethodsIn the period of January to February 2022, a comprehensive survey was conducted involving a random sample of 3,300 students. By employing face-to-face interviews, data on general demographics, along with levels of anxiety, depression, and sleep quality, were meticulously gathered and analyzed.ResultsOut of the 3,049 questionnaires deemed valid for analysis, the prevalence rates for anxiety, depression, and insomnia were found to be 9.7, 14.1, and 81.9%, respectively. Through regression analysis, several factors were identified as significant predictors of insomnia: female gender, a self-perceived average or poor family economic status over the last year, moderate psychological stress due to the pandemic and its associated restrictions, extended daily screen time during the pandemic, absence of a routine physical exercise regime, significant disruption or alteration of daily life routines due to the pandemic, presence of anxiety and depression symptoms during the pandemic, and only partial restoration of normal life routines post-pandemic control measures (p < 0.001, p < 0.005, or p < 0.050). A strong correlation was observed among the symptoms of anxiety, depression, and insomnia (all p < 0.001). The correlation between stress and depression, depression and insomnia, and anxiety and insomnia were 0.824, 0.714, 0.620, respectively, (all p < 0.001).ConclusionGiven the substantial impact of abrupt or prolonged crisis events, it is imperative to develop and implement specific intervention strategies aimed at safeguarding the psychological well-being of college students.

A Composite Counternarrative of Discrimination as a Social Determinant of Health: Black College Women's Experiences of Gendered Racism.

Discrimination is a social determinant of health (SDOH) that negatively affects racially minoritized students and patients. Nurses and nurse educators must understand discrimination, including nuanced and intersecting ways that it negatively affects academic and health outcomes. In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 Black women at a primarily White institution in the Southeast United States. The interview guide, informed by critical race and intersectionality theories, explored experiences of gendered racism, particularly in the students' social environments. Narrative analysis was conducted, then a composite counternarrative was composed to portray experiences of gendered racism across multiple levels, including intrapersonal, interpersonal, and institutional. The composite narrative revealed experiences of multi-leveled gendered racial microaggressions that shape the daily lived experiences of Black college women students. Three main themes emerged: Limited Autonomy, Differential Treatment and Differential Assumptions, and Differential Access to Power and Resources. Gendered racism differs from White women's experiences of sexism and Black men's experiences of racism. Institutional efforts to support Black college women must be intentional in addressing the unique ways they experience discrimination in various settings on campus. Nurses' and nurse educators' understanding of gendered racism as a SDOH may ease the hesitancy in addressing health inequities. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx(x), xx-xx.].

Prevalence of Social Anxiety Disorder in Undergraduate Students of Hazara Division, Pakistan

Globally, people are more likely to suffer from social anxiety issues (SAD) in regions with high levels of social and performance demands. This study evaluates the occurrence and severity of SAD among undergraduates in the Pakistani culture Hazara Area. It controls for gender and age. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. An investigation of 353 college students looked into the frequency, symptoms, and effects of SAD on everyday functioning and academic performance. This research backs up earlier findings that students aged 21–25 had a higher prevalence of a disorder of social anxiety (SAD), which also demonstrates that a large proportion of students suffer from SAD in general. Symptoms such as protective behaviors, physical signs (such as sweat), and fear of censure were observed, indicating that the condition significantly impacts social ties and academic progress. These findings highlight the need to implement focused interventions in educational settings.

Navigating Barriers to Success for Community College Science Students: A Review of Transfer Challenges

This paper examines the challenges community college students encounter when transferring to four-year higher-education institutions, focusing on the gap between their transfer aspirations and actual success. Despite the availability of substantial financial aid in higher education, transfer students continue to face numerous challenges that impede their integration and success at new institutions. These obstacles arise from a combination of institutional factors and individual student characteristics. Utilizing Pascarella’s model, this study underscores the importance of support programs in raising institutional awareness of the diverse challenges transfer students face and the necessity for tailored strategies to facilitate their successful transition and retention.

A Study of the Blended Teaching Model for Oral English under the Production-Oriented Approach

Abstract: With the rapid development of the Internet, the blended teaching model has gradually become more and more popular. In response to this trend, this paper explores how to improve college students oral English skills under the blended teaching mode of online and offline. Moreover, Considering that nowadays many students can only understand knowledge but find it difficult to apply knowledge, this research will be guided by the Production-Oriented Approach to explore new ideas for improving students' productive ability. The study selects the first chapter of Book 2 of Fluent Oral English Course (Second Edition) as the teaching content and adopts a blended teaching method, which includes online pre-class warm-ups, a combination of online and offline teaching during class, and online homework submission after class. To be mentioned, the teaching process is structured around the principles of motivation, enabling, and assessment. It is hoped that this research will provide valuable references for future studies on the blended teaching model guided by the Production-Oriented Approach and offer inspiration for enhancing oral English instruction.

The mediating role of cognitive flexibility in home–school co-education and psychological well-being among Chinese vocational college students

ObjectiveThis study examines the mediating role of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between home-school co-education (H-SCE) and depressive symptom among vocational college students in urban and rural areas of China.MethodsUtilizing the Theory of Overlapping Spheres of Influence, this research explores how H-SCE influences depressive symptom, considering cognitive flexibility as a key mediating factor. The study utilized established scales, including the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) for parent-child relationships, the Student-Teacher Relationship Scale (STRS), the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D10).ResultsA total of 1090 valid questionnaires were analyzed, revealing a significant negative correlation between H-SCE and depressive symptom. Cognitive flexibility was found to partially mediate this relationship, suggesting that enhanced cognitive adaptability, fostered through effective H-SCE, can reduce depressive symptom by helping students better cope with stressors.ConclusionThese findings underscore the importance of fostering strong collaboration between families and schools to enhance cognitive resilience and mitigate psychological challenges faced by vocational students, providing a foundation for targeted interventions to promote mental well-being.

Day-level examination of ego-network effects on college students' alcohol consumption.

Egocentric social network analyses show that drinking habits of college students' friends predict personal alcohol consumption. To date, most of this research focused on between-person, cross-sectional, or long-term longitudinal designs to evaluate these effects. This study used intensive longitudinal methods to examine episode-specific effects of social networks (network drinking, network composition) on college students' drinking, comparing within-person and between-person effects on individual episodic drinking, and highlighted social network characteristics that might be targeted for intervention. College students (N = 1,151, 54% female, Mage = 19.26, 81% White) identified their ego network: five close alters (e.g., friends, family) whom they met frequently. For 30 days using an internet-based diary, participants reported their daily drinking levels, indicated whether they met with each alter the previous night, and reported how many drinks each alter consumed. Two-part multilevel models were used to examine participant drinking. At the within-person level, when a higher proportion of a participant's ego network drank and when network total drinks were higher than average, the odds that a participant drank were significantly increased, and if they did drink, they consumed more alcoholic drinks than usual. Participants were more likely to drink on days when their network was comprised of more friends and more opposite-gender alters. Findings provide preliminary evidence that daily network drinking appears to influence drinking patterns and quantities among students. Such information could be used within ecological momentary interventions to prevent harmful drinking patterns such as heavy drinking episodes and incapacitation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Biomechanics intervention promotes college students’ English vocabulary acquisition and mental health

The ability to access and use vocabulary effectively is critical to academic performance. Strong English vocabulary is important for college students because they will not only understand course material but also engage in discussion and writing activities, and interact with colleagues and teachers. However, the word order learning can be difficult, often leading to dissatisfaction and decreased desire students. The effectiveness of biomechanical intervention college students improves their mental health and develop vocabulary in English. A total of 145 college students participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to group A, which received a biomechanics-based exercise program, and group B, which received a traditional physical activity (PA) program. Participants completed validated questionnaires to measure mental health indicators, including anxiety, stress, and overall well-being. The questionnaires used included the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), a well-established tool in psychological research. This research conducted tests that assessed various aspects of vocabulary knowledge, including word recognition, meaning, and usage in context. The data was analyzed using statistical methods, including descriptive statistics, t-tests, and regression analysis. ANOVA was to analyze connections between two groups. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 29 software. The results showed that it significantly improved English vocabulary acquisition and cognition health in Group A. These students also reported well, if low, mental health levels of stress and anxiety increased well-being in general. This study emphasizes biomechanics, which can be incorporated into language learning, showing increased PA. Vocabulary acquisition and positively influence mental health. The results showed that significantly improved English vocabulary acquisition and cognition health in Group A. These students also reported good, if low, mental health levels of stress and anxiety and increased well-being in general.

An experimental investigation into the impact of acute stress on alcohol craving.

Drinking to cope is associated with many negative alcohol-related outcomes among college students, such as increased alcohol use, drinking-related problems, and alcohol use disorders. Previous experimental studies have shown that students exposed to a stressor, compared to those not exposed to a stressor, drink more and have stronger urges to drink, presumably to cope with the stressor. However, no such study has tested this effect using a remote-based stressor, which may be more common for students because of the recent increase in online learning. As such, the present study aimed to (a) test the impact of an acute stressor on state anxiety and alcohol craving and (b) investigate trait-level drinking characteristics as potential moderators of the impact of the acute stressor. Participants were 137 (Mage = 19.9, SDage = 2.0; 82.5% female; 41.6% White) college students who consumed alcohol in the past month. Using a between-subjects experimental design, we assigned participants randomly to an experimental (i.e., acute stress) condition or control (i.e., neutral) condition, and they completed a premanipulation battery of alcohol-related attitudes and behaviors and a postmanipulation measure of alcohol craving. On average, participants in the experimental condition reported greater increases in anxiety than those in the control condition, but there were no differences found in alcohol craving. However, for both anxiety and craving, greater increases from pre- to postmanipulation were found when trait-level anxiety and trait-level drinking were high, respectively. Thus, heavier drinking college students may be at greater risk for craving alcohol in response to stress than those who typically drink less. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

A Yin-Yang approach: Investigating students’ beliefs about teaching and learning in music among college students in Macau, China

This exploratory study aims to investigate the beliefs of college students in Macau, China, regarding teaching and learning in the field of music education, including factors influencing students’ views and their ideal music classroom environment. Employing a Rigorous Mixed Methods Framework that included surveys, observations, interviews, and reflective essays, a sample of ( n = 120). Chinese college students and ( n = 3) college music instructors were selected for participation. In the initial phase, findings revealed a nuanced perspective among students, demonstrating a stronger preference for the Constructivist Conception over the Traditional Conception. However, during the second and third phases, the findings revealed a preference for traditional and master-apprentice styles of learning in practice. Through the analysis of all three phases of research, this study unveiled a complex and juxtaposed ideology of music learning among Chinese students. While there was a misalignment between students’ ideologies and behaviors, they consistently expressed a desire for a more collaborative, creative, supportive, and open environment in which they can freely share their musical passion. Rather than adhering to a binary approach, the findings suggest the necessity of embracing a more nuanced “Yin-Yang” perspective in Macau.

"Exploring the Dynamics: Unraveling the Impact of Facets Model on Social Media Advertising among College Students"

"Exploring the Dynamics: Unraveling the Impact of Facets Model on Social Media Advertising among College Students"

PENGUJIAN DECISION MAKING MODEL DENGAN MEDIASI FINANCIAL LITERACY DAN RISK TOLERANCE DALAM MEMPREDIKSI PERILAKU INVESTASI MAHASISWA

This study aims to test the investment decision model among college students by integrating financial literacy and risk tolerance as mediating variables. The sample in this study were students who had invested. The data analysis technique used in this research is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Testing includes measurement models (outer model) and structural models (inner model). The results of this study indicate that mental accounting, herding behavior, and risk preference directly affect investment interest. Risk tolerance can mediate the effect of herding behavior on investment interest. In addition, financial literacy can mediate the influence between mental accounting and risk preference on investment interest. Furthermore, interest is the dominant factor in driving investment decisions. This research contributes theoretically by expanding the investment decision-making model, especially among students.

Examining the Utility of the Theory of Planned Behavior in Studying Intention to Reduce Drinking Among High-Risk College Students in the U.S.

ABSTRACT Background Alcohol consumption remains a significant public health issue among U.S. college students. Though prior research has examined behavioral and theoretical factors that predict heavy drinking, less attention has focused on exploring factors concerning alcohol reduction. Purpose The current study identified Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs associated with high-risk college students’ intent to reduce alcohol use. Methods High-risk college students (n = 822) from a large U.S. public university completed an online survey assessing their alcohol behaviors and the following TPB constructs: attitude, norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention to reduce alcohol use. Results After accounting for important covariates, a multivariate regression demonstrated that students’ attitude and norms were significantly associated with their intention to reduce alcohol use, while perceived behavioral control was not. Altogether, the TPB model explained 61% of the variance in their intention. Discussion The findings underscore the significant role theory, more specifically student’s attitudes and norms, can play in influencing intention to reduce alcohol use. Translation to Health Education Practice Incorporating norms and TPB communication strategies into campus alcohol intervention programs and aligning these efforts with competencies from the National Commission for Health Education Credentialing Inc. can enhance the design, implementation, and evaluation of theory-driven interventions.

Simultaneous use of alcohol, cannabis, and energy drinks predicts increased daily alcohol consumption and alcohol consequences.

Simultaneous alcohol and cannabis (SAM) use and alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) days are associated with heavier drinking and negative consequences compared to alcohol-only days. However, it remains unclear if SAM and AmED days differ from one another in terms of consumption and negative consequences. It also remains unclear how often days characterized by both SAM + AmED occur and if these days are associated with incremental risk for heavier drinking and negative consequences. College students who engage in SAM use and AmED completed a 30-day timeline followback interview. Day-level data on drinking days were curated to test whether days characterized by alcohol only, SAM use only, AmED use only, or SAM + AmED were associated with increased drinking quantity, negative alcohol consequences, and positive alcohol consequences. Twenty-one percent of drinking days were AmED days, 19% were SAM days, and 15.4% were SAM + AmED days. SAM-only, AmED-only, and SAM + AmED days were associated with increased drinking and negative consequences compared to alcohol-only days. However, SAM-only and SAM + AmED (but not AmED-only) days were associated with more positive consequences than alcohol-only days. SAM-only and AmED-only days did not differ in drinking quantity or consequences, whereas SAM + AmED days were associated with increased drinking and negative (but not positive) consequences compared to both SAM-only and AmED-only days. Combined SAM + AmED days are common and associated with increased risk for negative outcomes. Prevention efforts should consider how to reduce the occurrence of SAM + AmED use and how to reduce risk on days when it does occur. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Interleaved practice enhances grammar skill learning for similar and dissimilar tenses in Romance languages

BackgroundInterleaved practice (or interleaving), the strategy of alternating between categories or concepts during study or practice, can enhance second language grammar skills. It remains to be determined, however, whether that enhancement specifically involves identifying tenses, conjugating verbs, or both, and whether close similarity between tenses is essential. AimsThis study investigated the language skills that interleaving can enhance and the extent to which that enhancement is limited to highly similar tenses. SampleParticipants were college students (Experiment 1, 92 participants; Experiment 2, 109 participants) and adult learners (Experiment 3, 104 participants; Experiment 4, 88 participants). MethodsIn each experiment, participants completed two weekly learning sessions and a one-week delayed criterial test. In the blocked group, participants learned one tense per session. In the interleaved group, participants alternated between two tenses during each session. The criterial test assessed: verb conjugation skills (all experiments), tense identification ability for specific usage scenarios (Experiments 1–3), and the capacity to identify the language of a sentence written in a specific tense (Experiment 4). ResultsInterleaving improved verb conjugation skills in all experiments, tense identification ability in Experiments 1 and 3, and language identification skills in Experiment 4. Benefits of interleaving were observed across tenses varying in usage, meaning, and suffixes. ConclusionsInterleaving enhances multiple language skills, including verb conjugation, tense identification, and language identification. Those benefits are not limited to highly similar tenses. Accordingly, these results challenge assumptions about interleaving and underscore its potential as an effective approach for improving language learning.

Research on physical health assessment and intervention strategies for college students based on biomarkers

Effective physical health assessments and intervention strategies are crucial for college students, who often face unique stressors that can impact their physiological health. In this analysis, we explore how biomarkers can be utilized to assess physical health and the efficacy of targeted interventions for this demographic. Hypotheses were developed based on the three intervention groups: (1) a face-to-face intervention group receiving a tailored wellness program, (2) an Internet of Things (IoT) gadgets intervention group using a health management assessment, and (3) a control group with only baseline and follow-up measurements. College students (n = 204) were randomized into these groups. Biomarkers related to stress and inflammation (e.g., cortisol levels, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)) were measured at baseline, post-intervention (10 weeks), and follow-up (36 weeks). Psychological and physical health outcomes were also assessed using standardized questionnaires. The Mixed-Effects Models, ANOVA, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were used to analyze the differences between groups, changes in biomarkers over time, and the relationships between psychological, physiological, and lifestyle variables. Results indicated that the face-to-face wellness group demonstrated significantly better physical health outcomes compared to both the IoT gadgets group and control group, with diet modification showing the highest effectiveness, followed by physical activity and stress management interventions.

Isekai as a Reflection of College Student Transition Theory

AbstractIn the isekai genre, characters are transported to another world where they must learn new cultural norms, create new relationships, and work through the changes that come with who they are in this new world. The transition of characters in isekai from their world to a new one mirrors the transition college students experience as they move from high school to college, albeit one with less magic. As anime continues to gain high school and college‐aged fans, the narrative of how isekai characters move through their transition could be highly impactful to fans who are experiencing their own transition into the new world of higher education. By incorporating case studies and using the theoretical frameworks of Schlossberg's transition theory (1981) and marginality and mattering (1989), readers of this article can understand and explain how isekai characters can be powerful examples of role modeling positive transitional approaches and act as a guide through transitional stages for fans experiencing their transition from the world of high school to the world of higher education.

Improving the Measurement of Gender in Surveys: Effects of Categorical Versus Open-Ended Response Formats on Measurement and Data Quality Among College Students

Abstract While researchers have some recommendations for measuring gender identity in surveys based on research and other sources that are summarized in a series of working group and panel reports, we continue to refine our understanding and practices. Gender identity is usually measured in surveys using a categorical selection response format with a small number of response options (e.g., “female,” “male,” “nonbinary”) and an open text response field to capture additional responses (“not listed, please tell us”). There is limited research guiding researchers on the use of other response formats. This study reports results from a between-subjects experiment embedded in a campus climate survey about university students’ attitudes about their campus and their behaviors and experiences related to inclusion and belonging at a large Midwestern university in 2021. Over 13,000 students were asked “What is your gender?” and subsequently randomly assigned to respond using either a categorical selection response format or an open response format (i.e., a place to specify their gender with no response options listed). We examine the distribution of responses, item nonresponse, response times, and concurrent validity (in terms of the association between gender and relevant survey outcomes) across the two response formats. Findings indicate the categorical selection response format is preferred for this population. While results show similar distributions in the categorization of responses across the formats and similar relationships with other survey outcomes, the selection format is associated with less item nonresponse and shorter response times.

The nexus between spirituality and personal financial behavior: a study of students with entrepreneurial intentions

PurposeThe current study explores the relation between students' spiritual quotient (SQ) and personal financial planning (PFP). The students with entrepreneurial intentions were considered for the present study.Design/methodology/approachThe students from higher educational institutes with an intention to be entrepreneurs were considered for data collection. Using a well-designed, closed-ended questionnaire, primary data from college and university students was collected. Using quota sampling, a total of 189 responses were gathered, however the responses of students with entrepreneurial intentions (n = 100) were considered for analysis. To investigate the relationship between PFP and SQ, descriptive analysis, Spearman's rank correlation and forecasted trend line were employed.FindingsThe study revealed a significant positive relationship between PFP and SQ. Thus, SQ also has potential to determine individuals' investment behavior. The study suggests that students' spiritual development can determine their PFP and entrepreneurial actions.Practical implicationsThe outcome of the study can be practically used to explore the investment pattern and behavior of youth. The study would further benefit the stakeholders including issuers, developers and consultants involved in the creation and distribution of financial products. The study guides researchers to undertake further research in this domain.Originality/valueThe existing literature on personal financial behavior has lacked in establishing a relationship between spirituality and investment decisions. The present study is novel in substantiating this void. We contribute to the advancement of literature in behavioral finance. This study identifies multifaceted factors that shape investors' behaviors and preferences in finance and proposes the avenues for future research.