Collective Negotiations Research Articles

Integrierte Versorgung — Wettbewerbspotenzial in der Gesundheitsversorgung heben!

Der Wettbewerb im deutschen Gesundheitswesen ist — vor allem zwischen den Leistungserbringern — trotz diverser Reformen nicht sehr ausgepragt. Inzwischen gibt es zwar die Moglichkeit, individuelle Vertrage zwischen einzelnen Anbietern und den Krankenkassen abzuschliesen, dies wird aber kaum genutzt. Die Ausweitung dieser sogenannten Integrierten Versorgung hatte erhebliches Wettbewerbspotenzial. Die Autoren schlagen deshalb vor, mehr Entscheidungskompetenzen uber die Zahlungsstrome im Gesundheitswesen an die Versicherten zu ubertragen, um so deren Abhangigkeit von der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung im Bereich der Integrierten Versorgung zu lockern.

Sindicatos e justiça: mecanismos judiciais e exercício de direitos

Este artigo adota uma perspectiva que reconhece o protagonismo dos trabalhadores na defesa de seus interesses coletivos e aborda a luta pelo reconhecimento dos sindicatos como atores legitimos no exercicio de direitos. Primeiramente, apresenta a busca, por parte dos sindicatos, do direito de participarem como substitutos processuais, representando os empregados em acoes coletivas. Em seguida, trata de suas estrategias para promover mudancas em restricoes juridicas ao exercicio do direito de greve, especialmente os interditos proibitorios, que sao usados para manter os grevistas longe das empresas e bancos. Por fim, aborda outra importante iniciativa dos sindicatos no Judiciario, que e o uso da Convencao n. 158 da OIT e de principios constitucionais em dissidios coletivos de natureza juridica, com o objetivo de conquistar o direito de negociacao coletiva antes de demissoes coletivas.

The Permissive Provisions of Labor Standard Act and Object of Collective Negotiation

The Permissive Provisions of Labor Standard Act and Object of Collective Negotiation

Realizacja idei społecznej gospodarki rynkowej w polskim ustroju pracy

Społeczna gospodarka rynkowa od początku zainicjowanych w 1989 r. w Polsce przemian politycznych i gospodarczych była modelem gospodarczym stanowiącym cel podjętej transformacji. W 1997 r. ten typ gospodarki stał się normatywną podstawą ustroju, na podstawie treści art. 20 nowej Konstytytucji.Upływ ćwierćwiecza przemian upoważnia do analizy efektów transformacji i porównania obowiązującej treści regulacji prawnej w dziedzinie zatrudnienia oraz praktyki rynku pracy do modelowych założeń ustroju społecznej gospodarki rynkowej.Stosunki społeczne regulowane przez zbiorowe prawo pracy, a więc aktywność związków zawodowych i organizacji pracodawców, negocjacje zbiorowe i tworzenie źródeł autonomicznego prawa pracy są w Polsce dziedzinami najbardziej odległymi od założeń społecznej gospodarki rynkowej. Zakładają one powstawanie partnerstwa społecznego, upodmiotowienie i włączenie załóg zakładów w dialog z pracodawcami dotyczący sytuacji zakładu, rozwiązywanie problemów w drodze negocjacji zbiorowych, których efektem będzie uchwalanie aktów autonomicznego prawa pracy. Te pozytywne zjawiska mają w Polsce nadal marginalne znaczenie.W artykule wskazano także problemy z realizacją idei społecznej gospodarki rynkowej w normach o praktyce indywidualnego prawa pracy. Tendencje legislacyjne ostatnich lat eksponują raczej dążenie do ekonomicznej efektywności przedsiębiorstw, także kosztem statusu pracowników, a nie typowe dla omawianego modelu gospodarki zrównoważone uwzględnianie potrzeb wszystkich podmiotów zaangażowanych działanie zakładu pracy.Mimo szacunku dla osiągnięć transformacji, która dokonała się w Polsce po 1989 r., trzeba wskazać na konieczność dążenia do pełnej realizacji założeń ustrojowych ustanowionych w art. 20 Konstytucji.

The Co-Construction of Organizational Identities:Organizational Identity Work in Nonprofits

Our study examines the efforts of four non-profit organizations to secure resources from potential funders, and the response of these funders to organizational efforts. Our findings reveal different patterns of change and adaptation in identity claims and understandings (identity trajectories), associated with different types of identity work, image management strategies, and resource gathering. They portray the relationship between the organization and its potential funders as a collective negotiation over a representation of the organization (external identity) that “fits” with the aspirations, constraints, and identities of all the parties involved. By doing so, our observations advance the idea of identities as temporary accomplishments, constructed within a relationship in a way that preserves the coherence of the identities (values, roles) of the participants. This conceptualization is consistent with an understanding of identity-as-process, as an ongoing social construction aimed at enacting and re-enacting the sense of self and continuity of internal and external constituents.

Queer TV Moments and Family Viewing in Italy

Although queer investigations of popular cultures and, in particular, television are both fashionable and flourishing at present, interconnections with audience studies are largely unexplored. The available research on sexuality is yet to provide a more complex interpretation of the multifaceted TV viewing practises and capricious interactions amongst co-present viewers. To date, research in this field remains mostly attached to textuality as well as Anglophone knowledge and contexts. Since the 1990s the increasing representation of sexual dissidence on mainstream TV in Italy has placed families, surfing and zapping through TV channels, in “awkward” situations, being often challenged by alternative and innovative gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender (GLBT) narratives, subjects, and lifestyles. What are the reactions of normative people? What does it mean for closeted GLBT viewers to witness representations of sexual nonconformity in the living room with other viewers? Through a triangulation of two qualitative online questionnaires administrated respectively in 2008 and 2009 to a total of 350 participants, I show different approaches, responses, and interactions of both GLBT-identified and heterosexually identified participants (parents but also relatives and friends of GLBT people). Participants provided fascinating stories of coming out, collective negotiations of meaning, and different attitudes towards the limits of what is considered representable on TV. I demonstrate that television has functioned as a core site of debate and struggle between mainstream and minoritised sexualities and, when available and accurate, queer representations have challenged the traditional and heteronormative perception of viewers.

Changes In The Bargaining Power Of Chinese Migrant Workers And The Factors Enhancing Laborers Power

The shortage of migrant workers phenomenon is not only a reflection of the changing concept of occupation for Chinese migrant workers, but it also increases job opportunities for such workers. Migrant workers fight for higher wages through strikes and collective negotiations. These changes reflect the enhancement of the bargaining power of Chinese migrant workers.This paper explores the factors that enhance Chinese migrant workers bargaining power, uses a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation based on the analytic hierarchy process to assess the effect of various factors, and analyzes the positive and negative effects of enhancing the bargaining power. Finally, this paper predicts changes in the bargaining power of Chinese migrant workers and provides corresponding recommendations to protect their advantages.

The Development of Collective Bargaining in China: From “Collective Bargaining by Riot” to “Party State-led Wage Bargaining”

Abstract2010 was a turbulent year for labour relations in China. The wave of strikes sparked by the Honda workers has highlighted the urgent need for trade union reform and workplace collective bargaining. In response to this turbulence, the Chinese government has stepped up efforts to promote the practice of collective bargaining, which had been neglected under the existing “individual rights-based” labour regulatory framework. In the midst of rapid social and policy changes, this article aims to examine the effect of labour strikes on the development of collective bargaining in China. The authors argue that, driven by growing labour protests, the collective negotiation process in China is undergoing a transition, from “collective consultation as a formality,” through a stage of “collective bargaining by riot,” and towards “party state-led collective bargaining.” This transition, however, is unlikely to reach the stage of “worker-led collective bargaining” in the near future.

El deber de negociar y el arbitraje potestativo como parte del contenido del derecho constitucional de negociación colectiva

En este trabajo se estudian las bases constitucionales de dos instituciones centrales del derecho colectivo del trabajo: la obligación patronal de negociar colectivamente y el arbitraje potestativo. En lo que se refiere a la primera, utilizando las herramientas que proporciona la teoría del derecho, se sostiene que el artículo 28 de la Constitución consagra una concepción de la negociación colectiva como pretensión (y no como permiso), y por tanto, que es constitucional el deber legal de los empleadores de negociar colectivamente. En cuanto al segundo, se afirma que este encuentra sustento constitucional en la obligación estatal de promover formas pacíficas de solución de los conflictos laborales, aunque se cuestiona que la normativa infraconstitucional haya regulado esta institución de forma restrictiva.

QR Codes and Traditional Beadwork: Augmented Communities Improvising Together

QR Codes and Traditional Beadwork: Augmented Communities Improvising Together

Hold That Line

In February 1979, the New Orleans Police Department was engaged in two work stoppages that were orchestrated by the Police Association of New Orleans (PANO). During this period, PANO was affiliated with the International Teamsters Union, which allegedly had ties to organized crime. This study addresses the causes of the police strikes, the right of public safety personnel to strike, and how the “gangster” image of the Teamsters adversely affected the labor negotiations. The authors conducted personal, semistructured interviews of individuals who participated in the labor talks, as well as an extensive review of the literature. According to respondents, the primary causes of the strike were low wages and the refusal of city officials to recognize the police union and enter into meaningful collective bargaining negotiations.

Actores colectivos, acciones y comportamientos sociales en la lucha por la tierra en el norte de Sinaloa, 1860-1940.

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad analizar las estrategias construidas por los indígenas mayos, para conservar sus tierras desde la segunda mitad del siglo XIX hasta el cardenismo. Desde la expedición de las leyes de Reforma, con la reacción de las comunidades indígenas, precedida de violencia apabullante desplegada por las élites económico-políticas de la región, así como negociaciones individuales y colectivas. La diversidad de actores sociales que fueron arribando al norte de Sinaloa, la manera en que su accionar modificó el tejido social y las pautas de vida durante los años porfiristas, serán motivo de atención. La oportunidad política que representó la revolución mexicana y las variaciones observadas de la acción colectiva, destacan como aspectos a analizar, así como las formas de organización sindical durante los años de la posrevolución, formará parte de los tópicos a tratar.

Intertextuality as ‘Resonance’: Masculinity and Anticapitalism in Pet Shop Boys' Score for Battleship Potemkin

This essay cultivates ‘resonance’ as a refinement of the overused theoretical concept of ‘intertextuality’. I refine the use of resonance to mean active, sympathetic amplification and clarification of commonalities between texts. As a case study, this essay examines Pet Shop Boys' (PSB) soundtrack to Sergei Eisenstein's Battleship Potemkin, which resonates constructions of counterhegemonic masculinities and anticapitalism. PSB sympathetically amplify, clarify and refine Eisenstein's idealised struggle for social freedom and their idealised sympathy for various masculinities. Analysing resonances ultimately suggests gendering as collective negotiation and integration rather than individual self-expression. This case study also uniquely demonstrates resonance as something done by contemporary, active audiences. Outside of concerts, it is only experienced when fans synchronise the PSB soundtrack CD with a DVD of the film, literally resonating the two. This case study explores resonance across such audience p...

Dialogue social dans les PME : Comment gérer de façon stratégique les effets de seuil d'effectif ?

Si la littérature scientifique s’accorde sur la faible formalisation des pratiques de gestion des ressources humaines (GRH) dans les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME), peu d’études concernent le dialogue social au sein de ces structures (Voynnet-Fourboul, 2010 ; Bachelard et Burlea Schiopoiu, 2010) et aucune, à notre connaissance, n’envisage la façon dont les dirigeants de PME peuvent gérer les effets de seuil. Pourtant, les obligations légales en matière de dialogue social sont fortement différenciées selon les effectifs composant l’entreprise et elles sont de plus en plus contraignantes avec le franchissement des seuils, en particulier celui des 50 salariés. S’appuyant sur une enquête qualitative réalisée auprès de dirigeants de PME, cette étude appréhende les attitudes de dirigeants de PME ayant déjà franchi ou s’apprêtant à franchir des seuils d’effectifs. Si elle révèle une concordance des discours autour des risques d’artifice, de conflictualisation et de technicisation du dialogue social liés aux franchissements des seuils, elle explicite les pratiques des dirigeants « coopérants » (Duval-Hamel, 2005) qui visent à gérer le dialogue social de façon stratégique.

La reforma de la negociación colectiva en la ley 3/2012

Abstract: The present study analyses the reforms made in the legal regime governing collective negotiation by Law 3/2012 (preceded by RDL 3/2012) and RDL 20/2012, which have harmed and hindered some of the essential functions of collective negotiation avoiding vacuums of regulation, improving working conditions and limiting individualization and which have turned the balance of negotiation in favour of companies. This solution is far from a realistic one because the productive framework is dominated by micro enterprises and it gives greater power to the employer. The reforms have had particular effect on the collective agreement once its agreed period of application expired, bargaining structure (the pre-eminence of the companys agreement), procedures pertaining to non-compliance, suspension and modifications of the terms negotiated in the agreements, and the content of the agreements.

Focus: Establishing legal resources in Nicaragua

INTERNATIONAL union rights Page 28 Volume 20 Issue 4 2013 FOCUS ❐ RECOGNITION AND BARGAINING SYSTEMS ed and for improving administrative procedures with the Ministry of Labour, the National Civil Services’ Appeal Commission and the Municipal Administrative Career Commissions. The greatest result for beneficiaries has been in negotiating collective agreements, the most recent one being the collective agreement with the Office of the Comptroller General of the Republic where it had never previously been possible to have an agreement registered with the Ministry of Labour Department of Individual and Collective Negotiation. This benefits more than 550 workers at national level. Trade union members who have benefited most from the work of the office have been women. Women are a majority of Nicaragua’s population, comprising more than 53 percent of the national population, yet the state and municipal sector remains very much male-dominated. There is still some way to go, although the position of women is society in Nicaragua is improving. The Sandinista government now insists on a minimum quota of 50 percent for internal party candidates as well as candidates for public office, and there is evidence of a continuing increase of women’s participation in the social and economic life of the country. Another very important achievement of the legal office is the trade union training that is carried out by legal professionals for union leaders at national level. Training has taken place on subjects that include: ■ collective agreements ■ civil service and administrative career law ■ municipal career law and its regulation ■ gender equity law ■ budgetary system law ■ municipal budgetary system law ■ municipal transfers law ■ trade union organisation More recently, the Legal Office has provided invaluable training on the implementation of the new Labour and Social Security Protection Code, which came into effect on 29 May 2013. The Code permits union leaders to represent their members before a judge in the Labour Courts, so it is important that they understand it fully. To this end, a series of workshops for union leaders has taken place around the country in order to inform union leaders about the contents of the new Code. The legal office has also been giving support and legal assistance to other trade union organisations within the national workers’ federation FNT. The achievements of the legal office have been highly positive. The Office deals with an average of 33 cases a month, and has become an essential tool in ensuring the defence of workers’ rights throughout the country. Establishing legal resources in Nicaragua Legal advice and training by qualified lawyers has been a priority for the union for a number of years LOUISE RICHARDS is Trade Union and Communications Co-ordinator at the Nicaragua Solidarity Campaign in London P rior to 2011, the Nicaraguan public sector union UNE had only limited capacity to address attacks on workers’ rights such as arbitrary sackings, denial of state benefits, sexual harassment and health and safety issues. Members, particularly low paid women workers with no resources to pay legal fees, had no recourse to justice . Although the current Sandinista Government is more supportive of trade unions than previous right wing governments, the trade unions are at pains to point out that their first priority is to defend members’ rights. In 2011, thanks to support from UNISON, its UK sister union, UNE was able for the first time ever to set up a legal office not only to address members’ problems, but also to enable UNE to negotiate collective bargaining agreements more effectively and to provide training in employment law for union leaders. UNISON financed the first phase of the office between August 2011 and August 2012 and has since approved further funding from June 2013 until May 2015. The office is now staffed by two lawyers and a legal assistant. One lawyer and the legal assistant are funded by UNISON, the other lawyer by the Spanish trade union CC.OO. The creation of an office providing legal advice and training by qualified lawyers has been a priority for UNE for a number of years. It is seen as an opportunity for not only capacity building but for strengthening and deepening the trade union movement within society, raising its profile, increasing membership...

Politics of Globalization and National Economy

This paper examines the globalization process of German core export metalworking industries, to show how the globalization of national corporations has different effects on domestic economies. Contrary to the prevalent views on the globalization of production, this paper holds that the outcomes and patterns of globalization vary, due mainly to the politics of the main actors inside and outside corporations. This paper compares Germany’s negotiated globalization with U.S. employer unilateralism. In most U.S. corporations, employers decide how to globalize based on the short-term perspective of shareholder value. By contrast, in Germany, main industrial actors—including employers, works councils, and trade unions—collectively negotiate how to globalize. In this conflict-laden process of collective negotiation, German actors have created a political compromise that combines the upgrading of domestic production with globalizing overseas, whereas Americans have failed to do so. Furthermore, this paper emphasizes that divergent patterns of globalization are not predetermined by national institutions. To the contrary, the successful outcomes in German globalization come mainly from actors’ proactive readjustments in their traditional model of industrial relations, creating new practices, such as active union involvement in company-level bargaining, and the democratic bottom-up process instead of the traditional top-down process of negotiation.

Traditional Medicines, Collective Negotiation, and Representations of Risk in Indian Cancer Care

Cancer is emerging as a key disease in India, but there has been virtually no research exploring understandings of cancer and practices of communication within oncology settings. This is despite the fact that the Indian context presents clinicians, patients, and family members with a range of unique challenges, including those related to disease awareness, interpersonal dynamics, and the use of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines (TCAM). Drawing on a series of qualitative interviews with 22 Delhi-based oncology clinicians, in this article we examine clinicians' accounts of communication with their cancer patients. The interviews reveal the challenges of communication given cancer's relative novelty, cultural practices around collective negotiation, and rhetorical practices evident in advice-giving regarding TCAM. We conclude that with cancer set to become a major burden in India, research exploring competing forms of expertise, the politics of representation, and the nexus between traditional beliefs and techno-scientific development is urgently needed.

Česká panelová sídliště: faktory stability a budoucího vývoje

Housing estates are one of the most important legacies of the socialist regime and continue to infl uence the shape of Czech towns even today. Despite pessimistic predictions about their future in the early 1990s, they are still a widespread and valued type of housing. This article, unlike other primarily economically oriented studies, analyses the situation and possible future development of Czech housing states by combining three theoretical perspectives from urban sociology: social ecology, the political economy of place, and a culturalist perspective. A contributing factor to the stable situation of housing estates is the ambivalent relationship that exists towards this type of construction, which ultimately never became convincingly stigmatised. Many of the inhabitants of such estates have moreover established fi rm roots in there and their interest in their place of residence is often sustained by a proprietarial relationship towards the fl at they live in. However, some important factors that could cause this to change in the future include the concentration of ethnic minorities in some locations and the risk of the collapse of collective negotiation among occupant-owners. A deep, empirically grounded prognosis of the future of Czech housing estates requires systematic research focused on a specific location and designed to capture the overlooked political-economic and cultural dimensions of this issue.

‘PLAYER SHARES OF REVENUE’, COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AND THE AUSTRALIAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE: A COMMENT ON DABSCHECK

Braham Dabscheck's recent article ‘Player Shares of Revenue in Australia and Overseas Professional Team Sports’ argues the financial position of Australian Football League (AFL) players has gradually weakened relative to growth in AFL revenue and wages growth in the Australian economy at large. This comment expands consideration of these issues and the ‘player revenue share’ in the context of AFL collective bargaining. The centrality of ‘competitive balance’ and fairness' to legal and economic dimensions of collective bargaining negotiations is explained. Analysis of long-term data suggests AFL player payment growth across the span of the last three collective bargaining agreements between the AFL and the AFL Players’ Association has been stronger than Dabscheck may suggest.