Collective Creativity Research Articles

Effimero e temporaneo: forme e linguaggi dello spazio pubblico nell’era dell’informazione


 
 
 
 In contemporary cities, closure and individualism predominate at the expense of ‘mixing’ and inclusion. By structuring the territories around the principles of speed and globalization, the Net has generated ‘weak links’ of social interaction that are reflected in a public space devoid of identity, used quickly and in solitude, dominated by the fear of the difference and by indifference. In opposition to these dynamics, the importance of collaboration emerges, the central value of an open city in which technology and society become resources to reconcile global and local, individual and community. In this direction, at the scale of public space, the collaborative actions of urban events and the bottom-up practices work on the immaterial component of the project: co-design processes guide the interventions of citizens, collectives and associations in the rediscovery of identity values, cultural meanings and emotions associated with places. The public space becomes a place of interaction and meeting again, experiencing a new culture of living through ‘fixed-time architecture’ which, while meeting the needs of the moment, imagine change. Ephemeral and temporary re-signify ordinary landscapes through collective creativity and direct action on places and, if on the one hand they express the acceleration of our era, on the other they become forms and languages of a project that, in an ecological vision, fits with the rhythms of nature, where everything changes and evolves to contribute to life.
 
 
 

TÜRK KÜLTÜRÜNDE KOLEKTİF YARATICILIĞIN BAĞLAM TEMELLİ ESTETİK YANSIMALARI: MALATYA YÖRESİ DİYALOGLU TÜRKÜLERİ

Karşılıklı şiir söyleme Türk sözlü kültüründe kadim bir geleneğin süreklilik göstermiş ifade biçimlerindendir. Farklı kültürlerde, benzer tarzda üretimlerde; irticali/irticali olmayan biçimlerde, amatör/profesyonel yaratıcılarca değişik icra ortamlarında şair, çoban, sevgili, anne-kız, gelin-kayınvalide gibi iş-ilişki temsili sunan kişilerin veya genellikle soyut kavramlara vurgu yapan iki maddi unsurun söyleşilerinde görülen örnekler, diyaloglu şiirlerin, dünya kültürünün müşterek formlarından biri olduğunu göstermektedir. İfade formu ve söylem stili olarak kabul edilebilecek kullanımlar, edebi ürünleri oluşturmada önemli bir tercihtir ve yoğun bir kullanıma sahiptir. Duygu ve düşüncelerin davranışsal bir eylem alanı içinde edebi ürünlere dönüştürülerek toplum huzurunda teşhir edilmesi ve kültür, mekân, toplum, insan faktörlerinin birbirini tamamlayan unsurlar olarak tümleşik bir bakış açısıyla irdelenmesi gerekmektedir. Malatya yöresi türkü söyleme geleneği ve yöreye ait karşılıklı söylenmiş türkülerle sınırlandırılan bu çalışma, kültür-insan-coğrafya ilişkisini içermektedir. Sözlü gelenek içerisinde icraları sönükleşen karşılıklı türkülerin durum değerlendirmesini yapabilmek için yazılı kaynaklar taranmış; elde edilen türkü metinleri içerik çözümleme metoduyla söylenme sebepleri, işlevleri ve üslup özellikleri bakımından irdelenmiştir. Millî geleneğin bir parçasını sergileyen yöreye ait türküler; niceliksel bakımdan ganiliği, niteliksel açıdan çeşnileriyle nesiller boyu aktarılmış, işlevini yitirmeden var olmuştur. Türkü söyleme geleneği içerisinde ise karşılıklı, atışmalı, soru-cevaplı, diyaloglu türkülerin dikkat çekici işlevleri ve yöreye özgü icra biçimleri olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Impressions of the V All-Ukrainian Congress of Surgeons

From the very first moments of the work of the congress, clear organization, a well-thought-out program of meetings and the filled time of the day of its members spent with great satisfaction were visible. The opening of the congress, as well as its further work, took place in front of the D-me of the Red Army, who amazed with his boat with its awe-inspiring simplicity, strict style and vastness of light rooms. Prof. Shamov (Kharkov), from the curve the congress is the result of the collective creativity of surgeons, celebrated it as a holiday of scientific research thought in our Union, while abroad the terrible depression "Hammer and Sickle" is self-sufficient - the Kharkov plant sent its working delegates to the congress , demonstrating the close link between science and labor.

Формування професійно-педагогічної культури майбутнього педагога в освітньому просторі вищої школи

The article is devoted to the problem of the preschool teachers professional training, in particular to the problem of forming their professional and pedagogical culture in the higher school educational space. The unity and interaction of personal qualities as a manifestation of the future professionals’ individuality in the field of preschool education are a prerequisite for the effective implementation of the professional functions: gnostic-research, educational, constructive-organizational and diagnostic. An important component of the teacher's activity is to ensure the communicative and speech development of children. Manifestation of the communicational culture is directly dependent on the educator's possession of such qualities as sociability, behavior flexibility, restraint, tact, tolerance, delicacy, respect and compassion. Modern requirements for teachers claim for their mastery of new information and communication technologies, the introduction of new methods and techniques in professional activities. To achieve this goal, special work was carried out with applicants for the specialty 012 "Preschool Education" in practical classes of the module "Using social networking services Web 2.0 in the work of an educator" to develop their sustainable skills with blogs: to add new entries to one’s own blog, to write a report with the personal vision of using blogs in the teacher’s work and posting it in one’s own blog, creating a project and presenting it in a collective blog, etc. Individual and group forms of work create a communicative space that provides an opportunity to the collective assess of the processes and results of work, monitor the development of each graduate and estimate his contribution to collective creativity. It is provided that the effectiveness of the process of preschool children educating to acquire the appropriate socio-cultural experience and activation of speech competencies is possible under certain conditions: creating socio-cultural context of education and communication of educational subjects, taking into account children's interests etc.

Community and Invisible Work at the Szkéné Collective: Methodological Questions on Researching Amateur Theatres during the 1960s and 1970s

The essay aims at highlighting the methodological challenges of researching amateur theatres under Hungarian state socialism, including the accessibility of documents in official archives, leading and sometimes misleading narratives of historiography, and the emerging role of oral history interviews and personal collections. Focusing on the history of the university theatre at Budapest University of Technology, namely, the Szkéné Collective, the case study investigates the dynamics of invisible work, collective creation, and the role of female participants between 1962 and 1973. In order to acknowledge the role of community in amateur theatre practices, it is essential to readdress the hierarchical understanding of a collective, and search for the usually hidden stories of shared creativity and labour.

Jovan M. Žujović (1856-1936) inicijator osnivanja i dugogodišnji prijatelj Muzeja srpske zemlje

In this edition we continue to publish biographies of those important persons from the Museum's rich historiography who contributed the most to the establishment of the Museum and its initial collections. Academician Jovan Žujović holds a special place in the constellation of meritorious Serbian scientists: his great knowledge, experience, broad education and driving energy strongly influenced the foundation of the Natural History Museum. He personally participated in the creation of the Museum first collections and remained a loyal friend and advisor to the Museum until the end of his life.

Сохранение наследия Н. А. Рубакина в цифровой среде

The multifaceted activity of the classic of librarianship, the creator of bibliopsychology and the popularizer of science N. A. Rubakin is presented. The experience of the Presidential Library B. N. Yeltsin in the formation of digital collection devoted to 160th anniversary of the birth of N. A. Rubakin is described. The composition, structure and content of the collection of personalities are characterized. The creation of the personal history collections of the Presidential Library B. N. Yeltsin pursues enlightening and educational goals. The collections contain library, archival and museum resources related to the state, professional, creative and social activities of the person; the resources can serve as the basis for the research work of specialists. The digital collection being formed will contribute to the preservation and promotion of N. A. Rubakin heritage.

ЦИФРОВЫЕ МОНОПОЛИИ: ЗАДАЧИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬНОГО АНТИМОНОПОЛЬНОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ

The article deals with the issues of antimonopoly regulation of the activities of companies that are global digital giants. The activity of such companies is a kind of challenge for the antimonopoly authorities in all coun- tries of the world. Against the background of the pandemic, digital platforms are gaining special importance and are rapidly increasing their market share. During the period of active development of the digital economy, which is based on the information technology and innovative solutions, issues arise that are not typical for traditional markets for goods and services. There is a need to develop a new system of antitrust regulation that can protect competition, but at the same time takes into account the interests of companies operating in digital markets. In the digital economy, the main categories of antimonopoly regulation are fundamentally changing: it is more difficult to determine whet-her the price is monopoly; the points of application of the above regulation are shifting, as more and more transactions take place online and it is impossible to determine a specific responsible person; it becomes more complicated to form an evidence base in an antitrust case. Since the Internet overcomes both physical and legal boundaries, when building a regulatory system for the digital economy, it is necessary to take into account international experience and promote synchronization of the an- titrust laws of those countries where the largest players in digital markets are based. Participants in economic activity do not try to compete in some com- modity market, where are already many players, but generate new markets where they strive to become absolute monopolists. Today, “digital giants” have a large number of market power levers through the use and creation of new platforms, control and collection of data about users and product market par- ticipants, and the use of innovative methods of personalized marketing.

Features of the written collections of Hadith in the VII-VIII centuries

The article analyzes the history of the written collection of hadiths in the VII-VIII centuries, in particular, the methods and approaches used by the hadith scholars in the selection and adoption of hadiths. From the historical point of view, this process is divided into the periods of the companions, the successors (tabiun) and the people who lived after them, and the peculiarities of each of them, the methods used in practice were studied on the basis of sources. At the same time, the factors that led to the emergence and acceleration of the process of compiling hadiths are described. From the first stage of the history of the collection of hadiths to the ninth century, which is recognized as the “golden age” of the science of hadith, the process of “kitabah”, “tadvin”, “ta'lif and ”tasnif is the process that lasted until the creation of the main collections of hadith.

Creation of the virus free nursery plantings of the genus prunus l. by the phytosanitary selection

Diagnostic of 12 viral pathogens of stone fruit crops, including new to the certification scheme (Carnation ringspot tombusvirus (CRSV), Myrobalan latent ringspot nepovirus (MLRSV), Petunia asteroid mosaic tombusvirus (PeAMV), Tobacco ringspot nepovirus (TRSV)) by immune-enzyme analysis was carried out in the Institute for fruit growing in 2020 – 2021. Virus-free clones of varieties and rootstocks forms of stone fruit crops have been identified to create Nuclear stock collection, including: 10 varieties of plums, 3 - cherry plums, 7 - sour cherries, 14 - sweet cherries, 5 - apricots, 4 - peaches, 10 forms of rootstocks of stone crops. Varieties of peach and apricot, as well as rootstocks of these crops, for the creation of Nuclear stock collection were generated in 2021 in Belarus for the first time.

Музеология и исследования новой материальности

The expansion and diversification of the museum space prompts researchers to return to the concept of «museum object», which is fundamental for all museum activities and theoretical museology. The interdisciplinary character of modern humanitarian knowledge gives way to the integration of the concepts of a museum object with new areas of material studies. These studies directly interact with museum practice and influence the construction of new museological theories. The dynamism of the new methodology of material research correlates with the performative nature of modern museum practices, therefore accentuating the mercurial relationship between material, intangible and digital heritage, the museum object itself and the museum collection. The developments and conceptual positions of material studies, transferred to museology, make it possible to substantiate the modes of soft musealization as a hybrid existence of an artifact in the museum and non-museum space, the legitimacy of creative research and interpretations of artifacts and collections, the relevance of their inclusion in museum practice. The considered methods can be fundamental not only for the fixation and representation of intangible heritage in the museum, but for creation and development of collections of digitized and digital heritage as well.

Plant genetic diversity of Chernivetska and Ternopilska oblasts

Aim: collection of local wild and cultural gene pool accessions of the plants adapted to the conditions of Chernivetska and Ternopilska oblasts of Ukraine for selection from them ones valuable on economic and biological traits, including them in the plant-breeding and research programs and maintenance in collections of the National Plant Genebank of Ukraine. Results and Discussion. There is carried out expeditionary inspection of the districts of Chernivtsi and Ternopil regions of Ukraine. 495 gene pool accessions of cultural plants and wild relative forms adapted to the conditions of this region related to 241 botanical taxones are collected. 230 accessions belong to cultivated plants, 265 to wild ones. 283 herbarium sheets of 65 plant species are prepared. Natural reserves and objects of the naturally-protected fund are explored for seed collection of rare and regionally rare species, and also vegetation of burial mounds, ravines, beams, slopes, undisturbed meadow and steppe areas. Points for the establishment of in situ conservation reserves have been identified. The collected material will ensure the expansion of the genetic base of existing and the creation of new genetic resources collections of field, medicinal and other crops due to samples characterized by adaptability to stress abiotic and resistance to biotic factors, productivity, product quality. Conclusions. 473 seeds packages and planting material units of gene pool accessions are collected during the expedition and transferred to research institutions for the study. The results of the expedition showed the promise of continuing expeditionary surveys and collecting gene pool samples in Ukraine. To do this, it is necessary to equip the NCPGRU with a specialized vehicle and provide for a special article to finance expeditions.

Общее доиндивидуальное измерение труда и искусства при постфордизме: постопераистский подход

The study explores the ways of involving the potential dimension of labor into its formation at the current stage. The concept of individualising the “pre-individual” by the Italian philosopher P. Virno is drawn upon to expand the "aesthetic model" onto all productive activities. In the process of the modern labor formation, individualising the pre-individual reality, including the language, human perception, affective sphere, and productive forces of the society, manifests itself through the workforce. All the aforementioned factors constitute the total potential charge of the “pre-individual”. The paper goes on to demonstrate the influence of the artistic critique of industrial labor on this process. The demands for autonomy, creativity, and freedom postulated by art criticism were incorporated into new forms of labor organization. Ways of managing labor began to be directed towards reducing unjustified labor costs as they started to be associated with the unrealized potential of workers. Subsequently, the model of artistic practices spread to the entire world of labor. The problem of involving the potential dimension of labor in its formation is considered through the prism of post-operaism showing that the cultural industry is built around the communicative activity "without the work". An attempt is made to demonstrate that artistic activity in modern society is characterized by the total involvement of the entire life into artistic practices. In addition, such activity is associated with project-based, unstable and intensive forms of human self-actualization. The study emphasizes that such activity is associated with collective practices since it includes the activity of not only the artist, but also the public. Accordingly, the subjectivity of the contemporary worker must be described through the processes of collective creativity and collective subjectivity. The second part of the study focuses on the potential labor dimension and emphasizes that the modern metamorphosis of labor echoes A. Gastev's famous project which emerged as a way to transform labor itself in its potentiality. Gustev's scientific labor organization project demonstrates the possibility of involving pre-individual potentialities into the production practices. In order for this involvement to take place, it is necessary to influence the human body in a certain way and to activate its creative potential suggesting a connection between Gustev's ideas and biopolitics. The investigation paves the way for a new artistic critique that might allow for the commodification of “the pre-individual '' to take place.

Exploratory Examination of Communication Skills and Group Characteristics Engendering Collective Creativity: Based on a Survey of Cybozu, Inc.

Exploratory Examination of Communication Skills and Group Characteristics Engendering Collective Creativity: Based on a Survey of Cybozu, Inc.

Формализация одушевлѐнности на примере понятия «любовь»

A prototype of the method of formalization of concepts related to animateness is presented. The methodology is designed for the collective creation of complex projects in the cognitive infrastructure. The methodology consists in creating prototypes, which are further detailed, as well as in using the author's "4C" approach based on the four concepts: "collective", "cognitiveness", "configurator" and "convergence". The basic triad of A.A. Zinoviev "Researcher-Logic-Ontology" is used, as well as the concept of "cells" as the simplest logical structure of the system under study. The classification of potential consumers of the result is proposed. The procedure for constructing definitions is considered. The "4F" scheme is proposed, taking into account the forms, functions and conditions for the performance of these functions by the object under study. The formulation of the formalization problem for use in artificial intelligence systems is specified. The fundamental differences between animate beings and artificial intelligence systems, as well as the problems of their interaction, are discussed. A "cell" of the phenomenon of "love" is proposed. Archetypal factors and current trends in the implementation of this phenomenon are noted. A method for constructing intermediate states using the method of fragments, bootstrap and paleoart is proposed. As an example of using the approach, a project is proposed to formalize the concept of "love", carried out by a team of people and artificial intelligence systems.

Сохранение и изучение интродуцированных травянистых многолетников в Полярно- альпийском ботаническом саду

The collection fund of perennial plants of the Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden includes 2535 specimens of 1409 species from 1204 genera of 270 families. 59 species are included in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and need the protection. Methods for the selection of material for the collection and the study of the rhythm of growth and development of plants are presented. The creation of a unique collection of relocated plants is the main result of the introduction of herbaceous plants. This is a repository of the gene pool of rare species, as well as a kind of testing ground for scientific and scientific-educational work.

The concept of distributed leadership in education: diversity and evolution of approaches

The purpose of the article is to analyze the theoretical and practical aspects, methodological approaches associated with the concept of distributed leadership (DL). This notion is very complex, contradictory, and there are many opinions regarding its essence, content, and genesis in the history of science, key components. Recent integrated educational innovations, the dynamic development of digital technologies, and the constraints associated with the pandemic call for a stronger teamwork of faculty and students and a rethinking of the overall concept of leadership. Leadership roles are many and varied, from facilitation, collaboration and influence, as well as carrying other aspects such as power and prestige. It should be added that the concept of "distributed leadership" is closely related to related concepts, such as “shared leadership” (SL), “collective leadership”, “collaborative leadership”, “co-leadership”, “emergent leadership”, ”dispersed’ leadership” and so on. Distributed leadership has many different aspects that are difficult to clearly define, but the vast majority of experts agree that This is the transfer of attention from the specifics of leadership styles, which are determined by the qualitative psychological and behavioral characteristics of formal and informal leaders, to a broader and systemic context, a distinctive feature of which is teamwork and collective creativity. The article analyzes different approaches to distributed leadership and emphasizes the need for its practical application in the field of education. DL has a huge impact on the qualitative improvement of the organizational culture of the team, the development of optimal solutions to complex problems, contributes to the preparation of proactive, creative individuals. This is very important in the field of education in a pandemic, when the role of digital technologies and the creativity of teachers is significantly increasing. It should also be emphasized that there is a close link between DL and the effectiveness of teachers.

From lone wolves to members of the pack: Exploring interpersonal identity work within identity workspaces

SummaryIndividuals can experience the urge to realize their desired work selves, inspired either by the “roads not taken” in the past or positive images of the self in the future. Based on a qualitative study of healthcare professionals working in Italian community hospitals, we develop a process model of how communities of individuals who are unable to enact their desired work selves in their current occupations create new entities to act as identity workspaces to host their identity work. They may do so even if they hold different desired work selves, engaging in interpersonal identity work. The processes of identity work and collective creation of an identity workspace are intertwined since the identity work of one individual is in an ongoing dynamic relation with the identity work of other individuals. People converge to play out their desired work selves in an identity workspace which is supportive. However, the heterogeneity of the desired work selves involved can lead to the individual's identity work encroaching on the identity work of the others, and this heterogeneity results in impasse. This impasse is resolved only when individuals engage in interpersonal identity work, through mutual exploration and enactment of expanded work selves in an enabling identity workspace.

СТВОРЕННЯ БАНКУ СЕЛЕКЦІЙНОГО МАТЕРІАЛУ

Аn important issue of the selection process is the preservation of the source and obtained material, especially cross-pollinated crops, which significantly lose their viability by inbreeding. Creating a bank of genetic resources using biotechnological methods will effectively solve this problem. The aim of the work was to determine the conditions for the formation of a genetic bank of valuable winter rye materials with changes in temperature and modeling of the nutrient medium for long-term disposal of cloned plants and the use of active collection of original and created forms in the selection process. To deposit the clones, a nutrient medium, which included macro- and microelements according to the Murashige-Skuga medium was used. The nutrient substrate modified with cytokinins and carbohydrates. The clones in culture rooms at a temperature of 6–12 °С and low light intensity (2 kLk) were stored. In the course of research the conditions of creation of an active collection of plants of winter rye with use of temperature restriction and modification of a nutrient medium are defined. A consistent technological scheme for the conversion of plant material into a state of relative anabiosis has been developed. It is proved that the optimal storage temperature for samples is 6 °С. Survival of plants at the specified temperature regime after 12 months of deposition on average by genotypes at the level of 78,2 % was recorded. Modification of the nutrient medium with agar-agar at a concentration of 12,0 g/l increases the proportion of viable clones to 81,3 %, and the introduction into the substrate of an increased concentration of growth regulators, in particular 6-BAP (2,0 mg/l) and sucrose 40,0 g/l and a gradual decrease in temperature to 10 °С prolongs the period of deposition of cloned plants without changing the substrate and the shelf life of breeding material in isolated crops. Using of biotechnological methods for the preservation and reproduction of valuable material intensifies the selection process of obtaining initial samples of winter rye.

Theoretical Issues of Folkloristics and Ethnology in the Scientific Heritage of Maksym Rylskyi

There is a number of articles on theoretical and practical issues of Folkloristics and Ethnology in the scientific heritage of the topics of M. Rylskyi. The author has paid particular attention to terminology especially in them. He has believed that the use of the folk poetry concept concerning the object of research does not include some narrative folklore genres, resuscitates the term literature, however, it also emphasizes the syncretism of folklore. The researcher has considered an issue of the nature of the main features of folklore, questioning some constant fixed views on collective creation, anonymity, orality, etc. M. Rylskyi has advocated the necessity to attract an experience of Literary Science, Linguistics, Art Studies, and other humanities in the study of people’s lifestyle and culture (article Issues of Ethnography and others). The opinions voiced by him concerning the interdisciplinary approach in the study of the phenomena of folk culture have been embodied and developed by scientists of the subsequent generations. Rylskyi is rather skeptical to the views existing in his time regarding the revival of the epos and the prosperity of folklore, but has emphasized the perspective of collecting and researching urban and, especially, workers’ folklore. His scientific interests have been focused on song genres. He has paid peculiar attention to the heroic epos – Ukrainian and Serbian one. He has insisted on the availability of the comparative study of epic works. The scholar has drawn parallels in the works of epos studying not only from the folklore of the Slavs but also from the eposes of the other peoples of the world, from ancient sources. Rylskyi has contributed actively to the revival of Slavic Studies in Ukraine and the training of relevant scientific personnel. The scientist has created a group of Slavic Folkloristics (1955) at the Institute of Art Studies, Folklore and Ethnography managed by him (now it is M. Rylskyi Institute of Art Studies, Folkloristics and Ethnology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine). He has been engaged in the organization of collecting work. The scholar has done a lot to establish contacts and cooperation of IASFE with the other organizations and institutions, in particular, foreign ones. He has taken part in the international scientific forums himself. His solid project – the publication of the multi-volume series Ukrainian Folk Art – has been carried out by Oleksii Dei and the employees of the IASFE.