Collective Information Research Articles

Analysis of the medical and demographic situation in the central region of Russia in the pre-pandemic period

Introduction. According to Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) , in 2021, the Vladimir Region took 69th place among all subjects of the Russian Federation in terms of natural population growth (loss). In terms of the frequency of general morbidity over 2010, the region was the most disadvantaged in the Central Federal District; in 2017, it was at the second place. The purpose of the study is to analyze the medical and demographic situation in the Vladimir region during the pre‒pandemic period. Materials and methods. The official statistical data of the Federal State Statistics Service and collections of the medical information and analytical center of the Vladimir region for 2001–2019 were used. The analysis of the main demographic indicators, as well as data on the general morbidity in children, adolescents, and adults in sixteen classes of diseases of the WHO classification (ICD-10) was carried out. Results. The population of the Vladimir Region has decreased by 192,247 people since 2001. A significant differentiation of morbidity values is shown both by different age groups and by administrative districts. Limitations of the study are usually related to the lack of access to detailed statistical information within administrative territories. The peculiarities of collecting and presenting statistical information on morbidity do not allow implementing a more detailed analysis within each age group, limited to three contingents. Conclusion. For the first time, a study of the medical and demographic situation in the Vladimir region, which developed over a nineteen-year pre-pandemic period, made it possible to establish risk territories with characteristic features of their health status.

New Algorithms and Methodologies for Building Information Retrieval Collections

Information retrieval systems play a crucial role in addressing users' information needs by aiding their exploration of vast collections of information. This thesis is framed in a critical information retrieval research aspect: evaluation. In particular, we propose new approaches for creating annotated test collections. Such collections are essential for evaluating retrieval systems' effectiveness in controlled experiments. Reflecting real-world conditions accurately in these test collections is pivotal for progress in the field. We aim to introduce innovative techniques for efficiently assembling reliable test collections, facilitating broader research and development in information retrieval. The thesis first proposes a new method for building new pooled test collections without requiring costly evaluation campaigns [Otero et al., 2021b]. This approach simplifies and economizes the process of building new benchmarks. Then, we introduce a novel adjudication method for determining which pooled documents warrant human judgment, aiming to reduce the need for extensive expert assessments [Otero et al., 2023a]. This method is both cost-effective and efficient. Additionally, the thesis presents a fresh perspective on evaluating adjudication methods, emphasizing statistical significance, an aspect often overlooked in previous document adjudication research [Otero et al., 2023b]. As a demonstration of the methods explored in this thesis, we applied them to develop a new test collection whose construction process we describe here as an example of the use of reduced-budget methods [Otero et al., 2021a, 2020]. In summary, this thesis integrates established information retrieval knowledge with new methodologies to create annotated collections that are both cost-effective and reliable. This fusion is crucial for advancing the development of more effective retrieval systems. Awarded by : Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain on 5 April 2024. Supervised by : Javier Parapar, Álvaro Barreiro. Available at : http://hdl.handle.net/2183/36378.

Evaluation of the book of social skills and values of the ninth grade from the perspective of teachers

The aim of this research is to evaluate and analyze the textbooks of social skills and values for nine grade, as well as evaluate the textbooks of social skills and values from the perspective of teachers according to gender (male and female) and education (East and West). Appropriate and percentage weight to achieve these goals, the researcher used the descriptive method of praise. The research tool was to determine a criterion for the book of social skills and values, which was (55) After confirming the truth and substitute of the criterion, was applied to the research sample, which consisted of 172, in order to treat statistics, data and information Collections of the research community, researcher program (spss) used the data, and extracted the appropriate center and percentage weight to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the measure.

A review on artificial intelligence and machine learning used in pharmaceutical research

The cutting-edge upward push of artificial intelligence and system mastering has been of considerable size. It has reduced the human workload move forward exceptional of life exceptionally. This article describes using artificial intelligence and system learning to augment drug discovery and upgrade to lead them to more well organised and correct. In medication, specialties in which images are vitally important, like radiology, pathology or oncology, have seized the able to be done and full-size efforts in studies and development were deployed to switch the adaptness of AI to scientific packages. With AI becoming a extra widespread device for usual scientific imaging evaluation duties, together with prognosis, segmentation, or classification, the important thing for a secure and efficient use of medical AI packages. This body of work supported the jobs of system gaining knowledge of and synthetic intelligence in facilitating drug expansion and finding out methods, making them greater cost-powerful or altogether casting off the want for clinical trials, as a result of the potential to conduct simulations the usage of those technologies. Doing so will assist in separating wish from hype and lead to knowledgeable choice making at the top-quality use of AI/ML in drug development. Machine studying strategies can subterfuge complicated analyzes with huge, heterogeneous, and excessive dimensional information collections without a guide enter, which has proved helpful inside the writing commercial enterprise applications. Combining system mastering, particularly deep getting to know, with human skill and revel in is probably the great manner to coordinate numerous significant facts stores. The magnificent facts-mining capacity of AI innovation has given new essentiality to computer supported medication plans that incorporate more than one clinical concerns are higher than piecemeal data.

Epidemiology of hepatitis C infection among pregnant women and parturients in Nizhny Novgorod

Hepatitis C is an urgent global health problem. The high prevalence of infection among the population leads to the involvement of women of reproductive age in the epidemic process. In order to study the prevalence of specific markers of hepatitis C virus in pregnant women and to assess the risk of intrauterine infection of the fetus, an epidemiologic analysis was conducted using information collections of statistical and analytical materials of Rospotrebnadzor, blood serum samples of pregnant and postpartum women (n = 28394) at admission to obstetric institutions for the period 2018–2022 were examined. According to statistical reporting, the average annual prevalence of anti-HCV prevalence in pregnant women was 1.7% (95% CI: 1.5–1.9%). Women aged 40–49 years were found to be most actively involved in the epidemic process (4.3% [95% CI: 3.3–5.6%]). Among anti-HCV-positive samples, HCV RNA was detected in 47.0% (95% CI: 41.7–52.9%) of cases, the prevalence of current infection confirmed by HCV RNA detection in pregnant women was 0.9% (95% CI: 0.8–1.0%). The pattern of HCV genotypes in pregnant women was as follows: subtype 1b was detected in 34.9% (95% CI: 25.6–45.7%) of cases, subtype 3a in 42.2% (95% DI: 32.1–52.9%), minor subtype 1a was 9.6% (95% CI: 5.0–17.9%) and genotype 2 was 7.0% (95% CI: 3.4–14.9%). Samples containing two genotypes simultaneously (1a/1b, 1b/3a) were 3.6% (95% CI: 1.2–10.1%) and non-genotyped samples were 2.4% (95% CI: 0.7–4.1%). The results of the assessment of the significance of risk factors for perinatal transmission of hepatitis C virus show a high degree of influence on vertical transmission of HCV RNA in the presence of active infection in the mother (RR = 6.4; [95% CI: 0.9–44.6%]: p < 0.05), no statistical significance of HCV genotypic affiliation (p > 0.05) and maternal viral load level (R = 0.00009; p > 0.05). The obtained data argue the necessity of screening examinations for molecular genetic markers of hepatitis C virus in women planning pregnancy in order to conduct antiviral therapy and, as a consequence, to reduce the risk of perinatal infection of children.

Hoffmeister Effect Optimized Hydrogel Electrodes with Enhanced Electrical and Mechanical Properties for Nerve Conduction Studies.

Flexible epidermal electrodes hold substantial promise in realizing human electrophysiological information collections. Conventional electrodes exhibit certain limitations, including the requirement of skin pretreatment, reliance on external object-assisted fixation, and a propensity of dehydration, which severely hinder their applications in medical diagnosis. To tackle those issues, we developed a hydrogel electrode with both transcutaneous stimulation and neural signal acquisition functions. The electrode consists of a composite conductive layer (CCL) and adhesive conductive hydrogel (ACH). The CCL is designed as a laminated structure with high conductivity and charge storage capacity (CSC). Based on the optimization of Hoffmeister effect, the ACH demonstrates excellent electrical (resistivity of 3.56 Ω·m), mechanical (tensile limit of 1,650%), and adhesion properties (peeling energy of 0.28 J). The utilization of ACH as electrode/skin interface can reduce skin contact impedance and noise interference and enhance the CSC and charge injection capacity of electrodes. As a proof of concept, peripheral nerve conduction studies were performed on human volunteers to evaluate the as-fabricated hydrogel electrodes. Compared with the commercial electrodes, our hydrogel electrodes achieved better signal continuity and lower distortion, higher signal-to-noise ratio (~35 dB), and lower stimulation voltages (up to 27% lower), which can improve the safety and comfort of nerve conduction studies.

Kolaborasi Perpustakaan Umum dan Masyarakat dalam Pengembangan Masyarakat

Public libraries always provide benefits to the surrounding community beyond just providing books to read. How public libraries ensure that the information collections they have can be useful for the community for their survival is a problem that must be resolved. Therefore, community development is an activity that supports the role of public libraries in creating a skilled and knowledgeable community. Public libraries do not need to do it alone, but can collaborate with the community in its implementation. This study focuses on how important and the implementation of the collaboration between public library and community in community development activity. The importance of collaboration can be seen by the benefits, there are 1) accelerating changes in society; 2) generating social cohesion; 3) creating a good climate for the flow of knowledge in society, and 4) increasing community participation in public libraries. For its application it varies from the problems and potential of the existing culture. Therefore, the collaboration of public libraries with the community can grow the social capital of the public library itself.

Peer-Led Focus Groups Identify Barriers to Healthy Lifestyle in African American Adolescents from Baltimore City.

Black youth are disproportionately affected by the US obesity epidemic. Early-age obesity often continues into adulthood and is associated with a higher risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and premature death. Few studies have incorporated community-based participatory research (CBPR) facilitated by youth to provide frank discussions among teens living in inner cities about challenges and facilitators in maintaining a healthy weight and to design teen-identified interventions. Black youth (n=10) were recruited from a Baltimore City high school during the 2019 to 2020 academic year and were trained by seasoned investigators and mentored by graduate and undergraduate students on qualitative methods using CBPR. These youth then implemented focus groups with their peers aged 15 to 18 years (10 focus groups of 10 teens each). Topics included healthy lifestyle knowledge, behaviors, attitudes, and suggested interventions. Content analyses were conducted using dual-rater techniques. Focus group themes yielded strengths and challenges of weight maintenance for Black youth at various levels, including in their personal lives, families, school, and community. Themes also suggested several technology-based possibilities using social media to reach Black youth about healthy living practices. Engagement of Black youth in CBPR projects can yield valuable data to design more culturally responsive and developmentally appropriate interventions. Youth are competent collectors of information to identify needed changes in their schools/communities and about the use of technology/social media to facilitate improved health practices among their peers and should be involved early in the process of developing targeted obesity prevention interventions and/or programs.

Contributing to an autism biobank: Diverse perspectives from autistic participants, family members and researchers.

A lot of autism research has focused on finding genes that might cause autism. To conduct these genetic studies, researchers have created 'biobanks' - collections of biological samples (such as blood, saliva, urine, stool and hair) and other health information (such as cognitive assessments and medical histories). Our study focused on the Australian Autism Biobank, which collected biological and health information from almost 1000 Australian autistic children and their families. We wanted to know what people thought about giving their information to the Biobank and why they chose to do so. We spoke to 71 people who gave to the Biobank, including 18 autistic adolescents and young adults, 46 of their parents and seven of their siblings. We also spoke to six researchers who worked on the Biobank project. We found that people were interested in giving their information to the Biobank so they could understand why some people were autistic. Some people felt knowing why could help them make choices about having children in the future. People also wanted to be involved in the Biobank because they believed it could be a resource that could help others in the future. They also trusted that scientists would keep their information safe and were keen to know how that information might be used in the future. Our findings show that people have lots of different views about autism biobanks. We suggest researchers should listen to these different views as they develop their work.

Persistent dyslipidemia increases the longitudinal changes in telomere length

Background and aimsLeukocyte telomere length (LTL) as a ‘biological clock’ of aging is closely related to human health, its association with an aging-related disease, dyslipidemia, has been less studied and mainly focused on cross-sectional investigations.MethodsTwo rounds of information and blood collections were conducted on a cohort of 1624 individuals residing in rural Ningxia, located in northwest China, with an average time gap of 9.8 years. The relative telomere length (RTL) of peripheral blood leukocytes was assessed using real-time quantitative PCR. To investigate the association between dyslipidemia, blood lipid levels, and alterations in RTL, multiple linear regression and generalized linear models were employed.ResultsAfter conducting the follow-up analysis, it was observed that 83.3% of the participants in the study exhibited a reduction in telomere length, while 16.7% experienced an increase in telomere length. The results suggested that dyslipidemia at baseline or follow-up may increase longitudinal changes in telomere length, but it was more significant in the healthy group, especially in those aged ≥ 60 years. Furthermore, HDL-C levels in baseline and follow-up were found to be associated with longitudinal changes in telomere length, and lower HDL-C levels may be associated with increased longitudinal changes in telomere length.ConclusionsThe change in telomere length is correlated with dyslipidemia and its lipid indicators especially HDL-C. Persistent dyslipidemia and a reduction in HDL-C levels may be associated with elevated longitudinal fluctuations in telomere length.

Developing Mall-Based Reading Comprehension Test for Seventh Grade by Using Quizizz

This study aims at developing reading comprehension test based on Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) for seventh grade of Junior High School students. It is adapted R and D development model proposed by Borg and Gall consisting of seven steps: research and information collection, developing a preliminary product, expert validation, product revision, field-testing/try-out, revision, and final product. On the basis of preliminary research and information collections result, the preliminary product was produced by considering MALL concept with Quizizz application. From the expert validation, it shows that the developed reading comprehension test in Quizizz was on good criteria and appropriate for seventh grade students, she suggested to provide clear picture related to the question, discard or replace unfamiliar song questions because it will make students confused in understanding the context. Next, the instructions were needed to be revised to be clearer and simple. The researcher tried out the test for 20 students in the seventh grade. The result of the try-out shows that there are 20 multiple choices test, but 18 test are valid because the significant value is more than 0.05 with rtable 0.422. The test has a level of difficulty from medium to easy as evidenced by the mean items difficulty of 0.25 to 0.85. It is also reliable with the significance value 0.934. With MALL-based reading comprehension test using Quizizz, students are more interested and enthusiastic in reading English questions. For them, the test is unique like playing an online game.

A REVIEW OF BHAVAPRAKASHA: AN IMPORTANT AYURVEDIC TREATISE

Bhavaprakasha is a 16th-century AD medicinal treatise authored by Acharya Bhavamishra. This is one of the best collections of medical information about the use of medicinal plants and the treatment of various diseases popular in the medieval period. This present work is an attempt to summarise the key features of Bhavapraksha to highlight its utility and contribution to the field of Ayurveda and Botany. A critical review of Bhavapraksha was done, and the collected information was compared with other available literature on Nigantu and treatises of that period. The puravardha bhaga (first part) contains the purava khanda of this treatise, which has a lot of information on the basic concepts and five purificatory methods (panchakarma) along with the nighantu (lexicon) portion. The Nighantu part clarifies many controversies on medicinal herbs and exemplifies many exotic plant species, making it highly respected among Ayurvedic scholars. The uttarardha bhaga (second part) consists of madhyam khanda and uttara khanda. Madhyam khanda deals with diagnosing and treating various diseases of the first six branches of Ayurveda, and uttara khanda has only two chapters related to Vrishya (Vajikarana) and Rasayana therapy. Bhavamishra also added some new herbs, formulations and treatment methods, enhancing this treatise's importance.

Reversible data hiding scheme based on improved interpolation and three-in-one intelligent strategy

Reversible data hiding method combined with interpolation is a widely used technique in secretly transmitting large collections of information through images. However, this approach can be subjected to inaccurate prediction because of using a single prediction formula for different textures of complex images. We proposed a new method using a circular predictor interpolation (CPI) for improved accuracy performance, which adjusts the predictive radius adaptively for different image textures and takes the coefficient of distance into consideration to increase image load capacity and visual quality. Additionally, to reduce unnecessary image distortion under low load conditions, the first part of the intelligent strategy modifies the scanning sequence in images so that the secret data is preferentially embedded into the pixel with less deviation. Meanwhile, an interpolation-embedding synchronization was created as the second part to allow the interpolation domain and embedding domain to be adjusted synchronously in light of the data capacity to be embedded. In addition, the third part of the intelligent strategy is to take the original image as a benchmark for steganographic pixel value rectification to improve the overall image quality and the overflow or underflow problems could be solved in this process. The outcomes of the experiments indicate that the CPI and the intelligent strategy realize a high payload and play an important role in improving visual quality compared with six advanced schemes.

Data and Coherence Theories of Truth – Examples From a Data-Driven Geographical Information Science

Abstract. The validity of information collections can be verified by their coherence, such as in the case of Volunteered Geographic Information. However, corresponding coherence theories of truth do not readily apply to collections of data if these consist of non-interpreted or virtually non-interpretable symbols, as is often the case with machine learning models and other black box systems. This paper argues why data-driven geography requires coherence theories, to then transfer the concept of coherence theories from the information to the data level. Finally, the relevant implications on the interpretation of data, especially in the context of black box systems and machine learning, are discussed.

Portfolio Assessment in Scope of Learning Competence-Based Islamic Religious Education (PAI)

Portfolio assessment is a method of continuous assessment with various collections of information or documentation of one's work taken during the learning process within a certain period of time and stored in a bundle in a systematic and organized manner. This assessment is considered by some educational researchers to be an alternative assessment in the modern world and much more reliable and valid than standard assessment. The portfolio assessment model is suitable for subjects that demand student learning outputs in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes. The aspects measured in the portfolio assessment are the three domains of child psychology development, namely cognitive, affective and psychomotor. The components of the portfolio assessment include: (1) teacher notes, (2) student work results, and (3) student development profiles. Functions of portfolio assessment is as a tool for knowing the progress of competencies that have been achieved by students and diagnosing students' learning difficulties, providing feedback for the benefit of improving and perfecting the teaching and learning process.

Ensuring the economic security of innovation activities of Russian enterprises

Aim. The presented study aims to develop an economic security management system for innovation activities of Russian enterprises.Tasks. The author identifies the theoretical and practical aspects of ensuring the economic security of innovation activities of Russian enterprises and develops a model for ensuring the economic security of innovation activities with allowance for the identified problematic factors.Methods. This study uses the methods of bibliographic research, system analysis, synthesis, communication, and analogy; information and analytical collections of the Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge of the National Research University – Higher School of Economics; the results of Global Innovation Index research.Results. It is shown that creation of conditions necessary for conducting safe activities in the field of innovation facilitates the implementation of strategic goals to ensure Russia’s economic security and will also allow the country’s economy to switch to an innovative path of development. By investigating the methodology for calculating the global innovation index, the author proves that national policy in the field of ensuring the economic security of innovation activities should be carried out in five key directions: improving the system of institutions engaged in these activities, ensuring human capital development, expanding the strategic infrastructure of innovation activities, developing the domestic market of innovative goods, and developing the business through the application of the results of innovation activities.Conclusions. Implementation of state policy in these areas will make it possible to achieve high indicators of economic security of innovation activities. An unstructured, fragmented state policy that supports only certain key areas will not produce the desired result, which will be expressed in achieving a high degree of protection of innovation activities from internal and external threats.

Covering the Broad Spectrum of Intelligent Systems: From Neuromorphic Engineering to Robotics

Covering the Broad Spectrum of Intelligent Systems: From Neuromorphic Engineering to Robotics

ON THE ISSUE OF MEDIATIZATION OF EDUCATION

The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical aspects of the problem of mediatization of education. The article discusses the content and various interpretations of the concepts of “media” and “mediatization”. The main attention is paid to the peculiarities of the process of mediatization, both in the school education system and in the field of higher education. Mediatization in school education is considered in the context of all elements of the educational process. First of all, this is expressed in the organization of the educational process in remote mode. In addition, mediatization makes it possible to conduct lessons using information technology, students perform creative projects, gain access to information sources and collections of various libraries. The mediatization of education expands opportunities for obtaining and correspondence education in the mode of distance communication, as well as through various online courses for obtaining professional education. The article also highlights the main tasks of mediatization of education and methods of organizing the educational process using mass communication media. Among these tasks are the possibility of obtaining information, using the potential of mediatization of education for moral and ethical education and personal development, familiarization with the achievements of the development of mass media, explaining their role and significance for the educational process, practical training in media technologies, aesthetic education of students. The evolutionary possibilities and trends in the development of education in the context of its mediatization, as well as the risks and negative aspects of this process are shown. The increasing role of the mediatization of education is explained by the continuous nature of education, total digitalization, the demand and availability of online courses for a wide audience. On the other hand, the mediatization of education will also have negative consequences. Firstly, the process of socialization of students will be difficult, and secondly, the educational process will acquire a formal character, which will affect its quality. Comparing the positive and negative aspects of the mediatization of education, it seems that there should be no abandonment of educational technologies that have been tested for decades, and here the task is to find the necessary balance between old technologies and new ones, which mutually complement each other, will contribute to the improvement of the educational system so that it meets the challenges and requirements of modernity. Methodologically, the article is based on the theoretical developments of foreign and Russian researchers. The article is based on general philosophical and socio-humanitarian methods of analysis.

Sankofa Intervention

Rocket City Civil Rights (RCCR) disrupts hegemonic epistemic history by reimagining community histories and driving social change through community collections derived from local libraries, archives, museums, digital projects and learning resources. This work amplifies the roles community information collections play in addressing epistemicide and epistemic injustices. Epistemicide is the annihilation of a way of knowing and its injustices are harmful to our capacity of knowing. We present specific tools used to suppress knowledge including parasitic omission and beneficent gatekeeping. We interrupt these tools and methods of epistemicide through the utilization of Sankofic principles, which in our context means going back and collecting the narratives that have been omitted in our community’s history, curriculum, and collective narrative. Using RCCR as a case study, this research demonstrates how building civil rights literacy can help correct generational harm by amplifying the missing narratives within our communities, thus deriving new insights for LIS education.

Empirical analysis of the integration mechanism of explicit and implicit education on the ideological and political education and impact on mental health: The perspective of new media.

Education nowadays should be a combination of explicit and implicit education, which can effectively improve the effectiveness of ideological and political education, promote the development of ideological and political education in universities, and ensure the quality of ideological and political education in universities. This study makes an empirical analysis of the integration mechanism of explicit education and implicit education of ideological and political education from the perspective of new media. A total of 1,050 students were included from the polytechnic university of China in the analysis. Questions regarding age, sex, source of information collections, Internet time, type of browsers used, and the influence of the Internet were asked of the students. The nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire was administered to measure the students' depressive symptoms. A comprehensive study was done to prove the depressive symptoms in students from the perspective of new media. A total of 78 % of students collected information from the Internet, and 1 % of students collected information from books. Most of the students spent more than 1 h on the Internet per day. It was concluded from the data that 245 college students were always influenced by the Internet, accounting for 24%, and 730 college students were occasionally influenced by the Internet, accounting for 73%. Forty-two college students do not influence the Internet, accounting for 4%. It can be seen that 95.6% of college students will be affected by the Internet compared with those who will never be affected by the Internet. Therefore, the new media network has high popularity among college students, as online time accounts for a large proportion of their study time. From the perspective of new media, the integration of explicit and implicit education in ideological and political education is feasible. In today's information age, education implementers need to use a large number of new media images to enable students to accept education in the integration mechanism. From the perspective of new media, it is also necessary to innovate the forms of reports, establish the integration mechanism of explicit education and implicit education, strengthen educational links and interactive exchanges, and promote university education.