Collaborative Outcomes Research Articles

Critical factors in public sector collaboration in Malaysia

PurposeCollaboration in a public sector is a key to solving complex social problems. This research studies the mandated public sector collaboration in Malaysia. The purpose of this paper is to identify the success factors that are critical to effective collaboration outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThe factors identified were transformational leadership, interdependence, and community. A questionnaire was constructed and distributed to 500 government officers involved in public sector collaboration in Malaysia. An integrated framework was developed and analyzed using a structural equation modeling approach.FindingsThe key findings of this study are transformational leadership that drives interdependence and collaboration outcomes and community that plays a critical role in influencing interdependence, and collaboration outcomes. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings have been discussed. The limitations of this research have been highlighted.Originality/valueThis study through the integrated model has identified the key success factors of public sector collaboration. The empirical results lend credibility to the governance of public sector collaboration.

Global Learning Using Biology PBL: A Texas-China Collaboration in Middle Grade Genetics

21st century and global skills are generally described as competencies for communication and problem solving skills as well as developing the ability to view content-specific issues through a multicultural perspective. Preparing K-12 students for science futures means they must have opportunities to concurrently acquire skills in 21st century and global learning. Additionally, the professional biology community has called for advancing middle grades students’ knowledge of complex scientific phenomena using novel pedagogies like Project-Based Learning (PBL). Thus, middle grade educators are now tasked to design classroom opportunities for STEM-focused PBL using global interaction such to develop and refine global and 21st century skills and developing students’ content knowledge. This classroom centered project paired middle school students in Texas with Chinese peers to collaborate on a biology-based Project-Based Learning (PBL) activity on the complex topic of genetics. During the 7 day-long unit on heredity, the goal was to utilize global collaboration in STEM to not only understanding inheritance and differentiate between dominant and recessive traits, but also embed global competencies and 21st century skills. The context, planning, and outcomes of the global collaboration are discussed as well as recommendation for future collaborations in Global STEM collaborations in middle school.

A New Approach of Dynamic Fuzzy Cognitive Knowledge Networks in Modelling Diagnosing Process of Meniscus Injury

A new approach of Dynamic Fuzzy Cognitive Knowledge Networks is presented. This is an evolutionary type of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCM) that arose from the need for updating classic methodology in order to overcome its drawbacks, concerning the single calculation rule, stability and real time problems and expand its use in a variety of applications. This new approach is being tested for its accuracy in Decision Support Systems in medicine, trying to model knee injuries by using 17 real cases of patients. The new proposed model is able to diagnose meniscus injuries and to distinguish between acute and degenerative injury. Subsequently we observe the evolution of the injury by administering a proposed treatment by the physician. Results of this new method, which are presented in detail, are very satisfactory for both two levels and treatment stage, and in total agreement with Magnetic Resonance Imaging outcomes. The whole methodology is the outcome of a close collaboration between engineers and medical doctors and is significant because it is a promising tool which sets aside the main disadvantages of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps and allows us a wide use in many real time problems.

Quando o parceiro sem fim lucrativo falha? Uma analise das PNPs na área de saúde no Rio de Janeiro

The aim of this research is the capacity of association between non profit-making associations and public institutions. To this objetive, we investigate thirteen organizations, belonging to the Organizacoes Sociais de Saude (OSS), with the government of the city of Rio de Janeiro. A typology for associations was constructed, which varies according to organizational capacity. The analysis indicates that there are three collaboration's outcomes: synergy, complementarity and implementation. The findings show that the OSS studied show a high degree of organizational capacity and synergy.

Quando o parceiro sem fim lucrativo falha? Uma analise das PNPs na área de saúde no Rio de Janeiro

O objetivo desta pesquisa é a capacidade de associação entre associações sem fins lucrativos e instituições públicas. Para este propósito, investigamos treze organizações, pertencentes às Organizações Sociais de Saúde (OSS), com o governo da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Foi construída uma tipologia para associações, que varia de acordo com a capacidade organizacional. A análise indica que há três resultados da colaboração: sinergia, complementaridade e implementação. Os achados mostram que o OSS estudado mostra um alto grau de capacidade organizacional e sinergia.

Diversity, Trust, and Social Learning in Collaborative Governance

AbstractScholarship on collaborative governance identifies several structural and procedural factors that consistently influence governance outcomes. A promising next step for collaborative governance research is to explore how these factors interact. Focusing on two dimensions of social learning—relational and cognitive—as outcomes of collaboration, this article examines potential interacting effects of participant diversity and trust. The empirical setting entails 10 collaborative partnerships in the United States that provide advice on marine aquaculture policy. The findings indicate that diversity in beliefs among participants is positively related to relational learning, whereas diversity in participants' affiliations is negatively related to relational learning, and high trust bolsters the positive effects of belief diversity on both relational and cognitive learning. In addition, high trust dampens the negative effects of affiliation diversity on relational learning. A more nuanced understanding of diversity in collaborative governance has practical implications for the design and facilitation of diverse stakeholder groups.

Key performance indicators for Australian mental health court liaison services.

The aim of this paper is to describe the development and technical specifications of a framework and national key performance indicators (KPIs) for Australian mental health Court Liaison Services (CLSs) by the National Mental Health Court Liaison Performance Working Group (Working Group). Representatives from each Australian State and Territory were invited to form a Working Group. Through a series of national workshops and meetings, a framework and set of performance indicators were developed using a review of literature and expert opinion. A total of six KPIs for CLSs have been identified and a set of technical specifications have been formed. This paper describes the process and outcomes of a national collaboration to develop a framework and KPIs. The measures have been developed to support future benchmarking activities and to assist services to identify best practice in this area of mental health service delivery.

The role of relationship promoter in new product development collaboration

Since new product development (NPD) collaborations with external partners have become the next generation in NPD practices, relationship promoters have become especially relevant as key contributors to the success of this type of inter-organisational collaboration. To realise successful outcomes in NPD collaborations, partners face the challenge of effectively integrating the role of relationship promoter into their existing and essential relationships of trust. It is within this context that this paper examines the role of the relationship promoter, by analysing its moderating effect on the relationship between trust and the outcomes of NPD collaboration – including new product competitiveness and partner satisfaction. We test our hypotheses against survey data from 107 innovative firms involved in NPD collaboration with the help of relationship promoters. The results show that, while a non-significant influence can be reported about the presence of a relationship promoter in terms of partner satisfaction, the relationship promotor weakens the influence of trust on new product competitiveness, making trust less important when it comes to creating a competitive new product.

When are strategic orientations beneficial for collaborative service innovation?

ABSTRACTDespite the importance of collaborative innovation, the existing literature tends to be somewhat vague in identifying when strategic orientations are beneficial for service innovation between a focal firm and its business partners. The purpose of this study is to examine the relative effects of four strategic orientations (market, service, interaction, and learning) on collaborative service innovation performance, while considering the contextual factor of service offerings (basic installed base, maintenance, operational, and professional). Results based on survey data from 362 paired B2B firms show that learning orientation has the strongest effect on collaborative service innovation performance, and is the most effective for basic installed base services and maintenance services. In contrast, interaction orientation best supports those firms with operational services, while market and service orientations are more effective for professional services. Managers are advised to consider alternative strategic orientations individually aligned with service offerings to achieve desired collaborative service innovation outcomes.

The Impact of Decision Rights and Long Term Relationships on Innovation Sharing

While innovation sharing between a supplier and a buyer—a common practice in the automotive industry—can increase the efficiency of a supply chain, many suppliers are reluctant to do so. Sharing innovations leaves the supplier in a vulnerable position if the buyer exploits the information and re-shares the supplier’s innovation with competing suppliers. Anecdotal evidence from automotive suppliers tells that in some occasions the buyer’s decision is in the hands of a long-run focused employee (“engineer”), while in other occasions it is a short-run focused employee (“procurement manager”) who has more control. To examine how the allocation of decision rights to employees with different time horizons affects collaboration between the two firms, we model a buyer-supplier relationship where the buyer is a dual decision maker, consisting of long-run and short-run focused employees. We characterize the equilibrium of this model and show that the frequency of collaborative outcomes increases from a case where the decision is made by an employee with a short-term objective, to a case where the decision is made jointly, to a case where a decision is made by an employee with a long-run objective. Our experimental results verify this prediction, for the most part. An important result not predicted by the theory is that in the joint control case, both employees become significantly less trustworthy. With an additional treatment which allows for free-form communication, we identify social interaction effects in the form of a “bias to agreement” as a plausible driver of the more competitive behavior.

The Effects of Process Orientations on Collaboration Technology Use and Outcomes in Product Development

Notwithstanding interest in implementing information technologies (ITs) that facilitate collaboration among employees, there has been limited research that examines how such technologies influence collaboration in strategic business processes, such as new product development (NPD), and how this influence is contingent on the nature of the process. We develop and test a model that posits that employees’ collaboration technology use in NPD will influence collaboration outcomes, such as IT-enabled collaboration capability and collaboration satisfaction. The model postulates that NPD involves multiple process orientations—exploration, exploitation, and ambidexterity—and that these orientations have a moderating effect on the relationship between collaboration technology use and outcomes. We conducted two studies in a major pharmaceutical company (N = 1,749 and 1,454, respectively) and found support for our model. We found that the effects of collaboration technology use on outcomes were stronger for employees involved in the NPD process phase that had an ambidexterity orientation. Our findings contribute to theory and practice related to the use of collaboration technology in the NPD process by offering insights on how process orientations influence the dynamics of the relationship between employees’ use of collaboration technologies and associated outcomes.

Interactions and Interests: Collaboration Outcomes, Competitive Concerns, and the Limits to Triadic Closure

Organizational theorists have extensively documented the increased likelihood that two organizations will form a relationship if they have preexisting relationships with the same third party, a phenomenon known as triadic closure. They have neglected, however, the importance of the shared third party in facilitating or reversing this process. I theorize that the collaboration outcomes and competitive concerns of the intermediary spanning an open triad play a crucial role in whether that triad closes. Using a longitudinal dataset of the investment decisions of limited partners investing in U.S. venture capital firms in the period 1997–2007, I find that an intermediary is less likely to facilitate a direct connection under two conditions: (1) the intermediary has experienced failed collaborations with one of the indirectly connected parties or (2) the intermediary has competitive concerns—driven by its replaceability and relative attractiveness—that it may lose future business to one of the indirectly connected parties. The paper goes beyond the conceptualization of indirect ties as passive scaffolding that supports creating direct ties and instills a greater appreciation for the role of the intermediary that sits across them.

Abstract 128: TICI Reperfusion in HERMES: Success in Endovascular Stroke Therapy

Background: Successful revascularization after endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke is measured by TICI score, yet variability exists in scale definitions and use. We examined the degree of reperfusion and association with outcomes in the HERMES collaboration of recent endovascular trials. Methods: An independent reader of the HERMES Imaging Core, blind to all other data, evaluated the angiography of subjects treated with endovascular therapy in HERMES. A battery of various TICI scores (mTICI, oTICI, oTICI2C) was used to define reperfusion of the initial target occlusion on noninvasive imaging (ITO) and conventional angiography (CATO). Statistical analyses examined all TICI reperfusion metrics and correlation with clinical outcomes. Results: Angiography of 593 subjects was analyzed, including ITO (124 ICA, 413 M1, 47 M2) and CATO (161 ICA, 329 M1, 62 M2). Across the entire scale range (0-3), the mTICI (AUC 0.61), oTICI (AUC 0.61) and oTICI2C (AUC 0.62) revealed similar ROC characteristics (p=0.450) in discriminating that more reperfusion is associated with better clinical outcomes. Using oTICI2C (3=100%, 2C=90-99%, o2B=67-89%, m2B=50-66%) of CATO, there were 44 TICI 3 (8%), 125 TICI 2C (22%), 178 TICI o2B (32%), 80 TICI m2B (14%), 85 TICI 2A (15%), 15 TICI 1 (3%) and 35 TICI 0 (6%). mRS shift analyses from baseline to 90 days revealed increasing TICI grades were linked with better outcomes (Figure), with significant distinctions of m2B vs. 2C (p=0.023) and all 2B combined vs. 3 (p=0.045). Conclusions: The benefit of endovascular therapy in HERMES was strongly associated with increasing degrees of TICI reperfusion. The oTICI2C metric reveals important distinctions in clinical outcomes that should be used in future studies.

Channels of interaction and past collaborative experience as imperatives in academia–industry collaboration

ABSTRACTThe present study deals with the engagement of academics with the industry using different channels for the transfer of knowledge and technology. The study provides empirical evidence substantiating the effect of the frequency of use of the different channels of interaction in explaining the relationship between past collaborative experience of the academic and the outcomes of academia–industry collaboration. The results indicate that past collaborative experience develops strong insights into industrial problems, opens up avenues for research projects, leads to industrial funding and builds research networks. The prospects of commercialisation of research of the academic are also rooted in past collaborative experience. The results also reveal that the frequency of use of the traditional and bi-directional channels partially mediate the relationship between the collaborative experience and the outcomes of collaboration, validating that higher collaborative experience leads to increased frequency of use of channels that results in improved outcomes of academia–industry collaboration.

CONFLICT HANDLING IN RENEWABLE ENERGY COOPERATIVES (RECs): ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTS AND MEMBER WELL‐BEING

ABSTRACTWe investigate conflict handling in Renewable Energy Cooperatives (RECs) in Germany. Conflict handling in this context shows to be unique due to RECs’ business model and the relationship between members and their organization. Unlike in other cooperative firms, most REC members in Germany neither work for their cooperative nor do they receive goods or services from it. We document frequent controversial topics of discussion in annual meetings and how the organizational frame conditions influence modes of conflict handling by the involved parties. Using data gathered by participant observation of the annual meetings of 15 different RECs in southern Germany, we show by a qualitative approach that conflict handling by members of the Executive Board, the Supervisory Board and the rank‐and‐file during the process of decision‐making ranges from highly cooperative to fully Competitive, but these styles tend to converge to collaborative outcomes, reflecting the members’ shared commitment to the cooperative principles of the enterprise.

Danger of Typical Sovereignty: Chinese Way Forward from Neighborhood to Globalization

In the twenty-first century, now China has become the second largest economic engine of the world. As a neighboring country, all important Bangladeshi predicaments are now more relevant to this reality than ever before. Chinese unfolding method of development should have many ramifications that we need to appreciate fully. Chinese systems of doing things have many facets that are not practiced in India and Bangladesh. Western military presence in Asian continent and beyond has made us overwhelmed and we are not keeping space with the dynamics of Chinese development. This is a challenge and opportunity for Bangladesh. Still we are under the shadow of India in terms of solving our national economic and security problems. Bangladesh has been facing many challenges in developing its own culture of polity and formulating economic and diplomatic strategies and policies toward many of its strategic partners, especially with friendly neighbors, like China and India. For Bangladesh, it is now a life and death situation as a sovereign country to make a balanced and friendly relation with India as well as China. In the backdrop of this reality, Bangladesh should come out from the shadow of India. Without active help and cooperation from China, possibly Bangladesh will not be able to succeed in this grandiose task of national building. The major purpose of this article is to examine how far our friendship with China might be helpful for strengthening our sovereignty and sustainable socio-cultural and economic development. In doing that, author of this article has tried to do a thorough and comparative analysis of proposed development assistance from China and India. It has successfully indicated the outcome of economic collaboration of Bangladesh with India and China.

Primary Care Provider Feedback of Training to Identify and Manage Pre-Diabetes

Introduction: Disease-specific training to improve management of chronic diseases is essential in the context of the patient-centered medical home. Achieving provider and staff satisfaction with practices and training is critical for successful patient care. Models for assessing satisfaction in the context of diabetes management have been reported. Here we extend this work to diabetes prevention. Materials and methods: We administered a questionnaire to all provider and staff involved in a new pre-diabetes management program implemented in an inner city primary care network before, immediately after, and six months after a one-hour training session that was developed following American Diabetes Association guidelines. The questionnaire was adapted for pre-diabetes from the Provider Satisfaction Inventory, an instrument previously used to evaluate perceived ability to manage diabetes on four scales: chronic disease management, collaborative team practice, outcomes, and supportive environment. Results: Fifty-six attending physicians, 133 residents, and 28 office staff participated. Mean scores on two of the four scales (chronic disease management and supportive environment) improved significantly immediately after the training. Improvement was noted on the other scales, but the changes did not consistently reach statistical significance. Continued improvement in scores after six months was evident in most scales for the attending physicians and residents, but not for the office staff. Discussion: We successfully adapted a diabetes management satisfaction instrument to the evaluation of prediabetes management, and primary care providers and staff reported improved ability to manage pre-diabetes after our training. However, ongoing training after the initial session might be warranted for the office staff.

An Analysis of Collaboration Outcomes: Multi-disciplinary Team in Design Workshop

An Analysis of Collaboration Outcomes: Multi-disciplinary Team in Design Workshop

A Cross-Organization Collaboration Framework of Nuclear Power Plant Accidents Emergency Management in Off-Site Area: A Case Study from S City

With the development of nuclear power, nuclear power plant safety and emergency management work has aroused great concern of society. Addressing nuclear power plant accidents (NPPAs) overwhelms the capability of single jurisdictional government and spans the boundaries of multiple sectors. However, there is still a lack of research on the antecedent condition, the process mechanism, the basic elements and components of the cross-organization collaboration in the field of NPPAs emergency management in off-site area. On the basis of the initial theory, basic elements and constituent elements of cross-organization collaboration, this article will define the cross-organization collaboration process as a system process interacted with the environment, which consists of four basic elements of collaborative condition, collaborative process, collaborative structure, and collaborative output. Based on the description and analysis of the case of S City, with the explanation of the basic element, the constituent elements and the collaboration mechanism, this article proposes a cross-organization collaboration framework including collaborative antecedents, collaborative process, collaborative structure, collaborative governance and collaborative outcome of NPPAs emergency management in off-site area.

A Case Study on Collaborative Outcomes through Cooperation among Consumer, Company, and Local Community: Ecomom Baby Food

A Case Study on Collaborative Outcomes through Cooperation among Consumer, Company, and Local Community: Ecomom Baby Food