Willingness For Collaboration Research Articles

Cooperative Willingness Aware Collaborative Caching Mechanism Towards Cellular D2D Communication

In D2D communication, physically adjacent users can directly establish connections without transmitting through base station, which can improve the network performance. The cellular D2D caching technology can offload part of the traffic of the base station and effectively alleviate the data transmission pressure of the base station. However, there is no research on cache mechanism in cellular D2D network that consider the collaboration willingness of equipment (UE). Therefore, the cooperative willingness aware collaborative caching mechanism towards cellular D2D communication (CWCM) is proposed. First, a D2D UE cache capability estimation method is proposed, which comprehensively considers the cache space occupied by the local cache content and the actual cache space setting of the UE to estimate the cache capability of the UE. Second, a D2D UE service relationship perception method is presented in which the content cache and the content discard records are used to comprehensively consider the cooperative and non-cooperative behavior to sense the service relationship between D2D UEs. Third, a collaborative willingness awareness caching mechanism is designed by considering the cache capability of the UE and the service relationship between the UEs. Simulation results show that the proposed CWCM can greatly improve the cache hit rate, largely reduce the transmission energy consumption, and average delay.

Can start-up motives influence social-ecological resilience in community-based entrepreneurship setting? Case of coastal shrimp farmers in Sri Lanka

The aim of this paper is to understand the extent to which the start-up motives can influence social-ecological resilience in community-based entrepreneurship setting. The case study approach was used to study five coastal communities in northwestern Sri Lanka. Shrimp farmers’ start-up motives include both the desire to capitalize on opportunities to utilize their resources and skills (opportunity-driven) and the need to establish satisfactory sources of income (necessity-driven). They have come up with diverse entrepreneurial responses to face various stressors and shocks by using their existing capital types and their willingness for collaboration. Farmers’ coping capacity is demonstrated through their individual responses whereas adaptive and transformative capacities are demonstrated mostly through their community cooperative work. Findings also reveal that the start-up motives of small-scale shrimp farmers are less influential on their social-ecological resilience in the community setting. Instead, the key to social-ecological resilience lies with the understanding of the nature of stressors and their commitment for collective action.

Energy efficiency as an example of cross-discipline collaboration in chemical engineering

This paper summarizes the round-table discussion that was held during the European Congress of Chemical Engineering (ECCE) in Nice, France, in October 2015 on this topic. The panellists come from different fields of chemical engineering and have thus brought in different perspectives. The objective was to determine paths for developing innovative approaches in view of process optimization.The terminology is a first obstacle that was clarified. Energy efficiency can be envisaged either by optimizing thermodynamic functions (entropy or exergy), more pragmatically by selecting the adequate unit operation or in a very general vision by considering all decision variables (i.e. including economic and political) that may have an impact on the final service provided to society.The second issue relates to improving collaboration among various actors. These may be defined in terms of type of responsibility (industrials, mostly market-driven, or academic), or in terms of discipline. The role of professional societies as the European Federation for Chemical Engineers (EFCE) is stressed as a promotor of collaboration between disciplines.Finally, once willingness for collaboration is identified, the final question is how it can lead to true innovation. The largest innovation potential is often found at the interface between fields. Yet, it often requires both an effort to explain the mutual challenges in a didactic manner, and the development of tools that make it possible to each partner to be efficient in his own field while being aware of the global goal and of the constraints of the others.

Controversy and consensus on a clinical pharmacist in primary care in the Netherlands.

Background Controversy about the introduction of a non-dispensing pharmacist in primary care practice hampers implementation. Objective The aim of this study is to systematically map the debate on this new role for pharmacists amongst all stakeholders to uncover and understand the controversy and consensus. Setting: Primary health care in the Netherlands. Method Q methodology. 163 participants rank-ordered statements on issues concerning the integration of a non-dispensing pharmacist in primary care practice. Main outcome measure: Stakeholder perspectives on the role of the non-dispensing pharmacist and pharmaceutical care in primary care. Results This study identified the consensus on various features of the non-dispensing pharmacist role as well as the financial, organisational and collaborative aspects of integrating a non-dispensing pharmacist in primary care practice. Q factor analysis revealed four perspectives: “the independent community pharmacist”, “the independent clinical pharmacist”, “the dependent clinical pharmacist” and “the medication therapy management specialist”. These four perspectives show controversies to do with the level of professional independency of the non-dispensing pharmacist and the level of innovation of task performance. Conclusion Despite the fact that introducing new professional roles in healthcare can lead to controversy, the results of this Q study show the potential of a non-dispensing pharmacist as a pharmaceutical care provider and the willingness for interprofessional collaboration. The results from the POINT intervention study in the Netherlands will be an important next step in resolving current controversies.

Tick-Tock, Tick-Tock: Valuing patient’s time by creating a collaborative of health-care providers and crossing traditional boundaries

Introduction: A persons time is their most precious commodity – no matter your age, your cultural or socioeconomic background we all have the same amount of time in each day and it’s never enough to do all we want. When unwell, our health systems, processes and decision making do not afford the coordination to minimise time wasted resulting in patients waiting for appointments and results, having time away from work and in some instances early entry into supportive care. The Southern Adelaide Health Alliance (SAHA) has facilitated collaboration between over twentyfive local health provider and consumer organisations that have made a commitment to implementing initiatives that will give back 500,000 healthy hours to the Southern Adelaide community by 2017. Commencing in December 2013, SAHA has already given back almost 50,000 hours through its first round of six projects. Background: Southern metropolitan Adelaide has 400,000 residents, 100 GP Practices, 77 aged care facilities, three public and two private hospitals, over 300 private providers and two Aboriginal Health practices. The growing pressure within the hospital system to reduce activity and promote hospital avoidance created a catalyst for conversations outside the hospital walls in an effort to better integrate care. Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, SAFKI Medicare Local, SA Ambulance and the Health Consumers Alliance SA invited other interested providers to join them in sharing information and resources to develop projects focused on optimising access to care in the most appropriate settings through planned care pathways and responsive efficient service delivery. World Congress on Integrated Care 2014, Sydney, November 23-26, 2014. International Journal of Integrated Care – Volume 14, 8 December – URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1-116593– http://www.ijic.org/ Challenge: To bring together disconnected, siloed providers with disparate funding models to improve patient’s experience and outcomes and increase service efficiency. Method: Three target areas were identified and task force groups created Specialist and Outpatient Care, Emergency and Ambulatory Care and Community Interface. First round of projects used 100 day methodology to encourage early outcomes. Second round had an EOI process and projects launched in August 2014. Selection is based on a set of key criteria that included giving back time to the community. Three of the core organisations committed staffing resources to delivering outcomes although a majority of project deliverables were achieved by integration of projects into day-to-day operation. Highlights and opportunities: Six initial projects (www.saha.org.au/projects) have provided encouraging results supporting the hypothesis that local, ground level change to integrate care will be effective if willingness for collaboration is present. The SAHA model and governance structure is well positioned to be transferred to other regions across Australia. SAHA already demonstrated its potential for long term Sustainability through the volume of EOI from community and organisational commitment. Conclusion: SAHA has already has created a vehicle to harness a momentum to create change from a local level. It has proven that in an environment of service and fiscal pressures there are still opportunities to improve the health outcomes and efficiency of services by integrating care. Strong leadership and executive commitment to change the way we do business as well as a skilled and willing workforce to operationalise initiative and ideas has supported the case for integrated care.

Collective action for a common service platform for independent living services

ObjectiveThe paper aims to explain how and why organizations, providing assistive devices and related web services for elderly independent living services, might be willing to collaborate and to share their resources and data on a common service platform. MethodA theoretical framework from literature on collective action theory, platform and business ecosystem concepts was developed to explain what factors influence inter-organizational collective action for a common service platform. The framework was tested in a case study of collaborative platform project for independent living services in Finland. Semi-structured interviews with the project managers and the decision makers of involved organizations were the primary source of data collection. ResultStrikingly, interdependency among the organizations was not found to be important for collaboration in this case. Instead, we found that a central organization can play an important role in initiating, facilitating and encouraging collaboration among different parties. Moreover, we found more willingness for collaboration when the platform is aimed to be open to third-parties to complement the platform with additional services. ConclusionsStrategies of the platform leader and openness of the platform towards third parties are the most important drivers for collective action between organizations offering independent living services. Establishing common service platforms for independent living services requires explicit attention to these inter-organizational issues.

What Is the Best Research Globally

Dr. Afshari’s editorial gives insight on human nature (1). Collaborative willingness usually occurs when different sides perceive personal benefit, or when institutions mandate collaboration. This is not unique between higher and lower income countries; many working in global emergency medicine (EM) observe this within wealthier countries. It exists among collaborators in low resource settings. Yes, pride and status are globally universal. Convincing others to engage altruistically is challenging. Camaraderie and “brotherhood” is created from shared experiences. Many global health practitioners work for extended times overseas, returning to their own countries with new perspectives and gratitude, if the experience was positive. As mentors, we must identify young physicians and investigators with these attributes, and create positive outcomes. Then, it is imperative to continue the relationship. Commitment is therefore needed. The Global Network of Emergency Medicine had its second meeting in Dubai in May 2013, in order to promote this idea, without making one country adhere to the system of EM of another country-in other words, EM and research is set according to autochthonous needs (2). Project funding remains difficult. In the US, the National Institutes of Health grant 5% of their budget to EM research. Yet the NIH will claim that 23% of their funding goes to emergency medicine research. Why the disparity? Occasionally, primary investigators from other specialties use our departments as their “laboratories”, leaving EM specialists outside of a given large, prospective, randomized study (much of the cardiology literature published in the New England Journal of Medicine has few of our specialists included) (3,4). Furthermore, our research methodology may be lacking, since the majority of designs are case controlled, and fewer studies overlooked by powerful funding agencies. Many funding agencies don’t understand EM priorities. Donors may be non EM trained philanthropists, or bureaucrats. Decision maker physicians are also rarely EM (5), let alone toxicology trained. Either change funding demographics, or look southward. In Mexico, PACE (http://www.pace-medspanish.org) monies come from those personally affected by emergencies or from governments wishing to improve health statistics (example: decreasing infant-maternal mortality). These community-based programs help funders reach their goals, and fund us to spread EM rurally. A Latin-American “southern” alliance exists, with the “brotherhood” of US EM organizations (ACEP). With global economic uncertainty looming, well-developed regions can benefit from programs originating from limited resource settings. Many of us believe altruism, a communal bond or desperate needs, is able to link the North and South together.

Symmetry breaking in the opinion dynamics of a multi-group project organization

A bounded confidence model of opinion dynamics in multi-group projects is presented in which each group's opinion evolution is driven by two types of forces: (i) the group's cohesive force which tends to restore the opinion back towards the initial status because of its company culture; and (ii) nonlinear coupling forces with other groups which attempt to bring opinions closer due to collaboration willingness. Bifurcation analysis for the case of a two-group project shows a cusp catastrophe phenomenon and three distinctive evolutionary regimes, i.e., a deadlock regime, a convergence regime, and a bifurcation regime in opinion dynamics. The critical value of initial discord between the two groups is derived to discriminate which regime the opinion evolution belongs to. In the case of a three-group project with a symmetric social network, both bifurcation analysis and simulation results demonstrate that if each pair has a high initial discord, instead of symmetrically converging to consensus with the increase of coupling scale as expected by Gabbay's result (Physica A 378 (2007) p. 125 Fig. 5), project organization (PO) may be split into two distinct clusters because of the symmetry breaking phenomenon caused by pitchfork bifurcations, which urges that apart from divergence in participants' interests, nonlinear interaction can also make conflict inevitable in the PO. The effects of two asymmetric level parameters are tested in order to explore the ways of inducing dominant opinion in the whole PO. It is found that the strong influence imposed by a leader group with firm faith on the flexible and open minded follower groups can promote the formation of a positive dominant opinion in the PO.

Orientation Toward International Business Relations and the Influence of Values of Middle Eastern Business Elite

This research maps out a framework for the application of the value structure of Jordanian business elites, relying on Schwartz's (1992) theory of the contents and structure of values. The results suggest that Jordanian managers attribute the highest importance to achievement and security values and the lowest importance to tradition and hedonism. Moreover, the study explores the relationship between different value types and the willingness of Jordanian decision makers to conduct business with individuals from other countries. Finally, the sample suggests differences in values related to willingness for business collaboration among various countries, as a function of perceived cultural context.

Criteria for achieving efficient contractor‐supplier relations

PurposeDespite numerous examples of benefits when adapting supplier relationship management in the manufacturing industry, the construction industry still lags behind in such areas as long‐term relationships with suppliers and continuous cost‐reductions. This may be because the characteristics of the construction industry differ from those of the manufacturing industry due to their project‐based structure, its inherent tendency for sub‐optimization and the vast number and variety of suppliers. The purpose of this study is to identify criteria for achieving efficient contractor‐supplier relations in the construction industry and for large contractors.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on the literature on efficiency and differentiation of efficient buyer‐supplier relationships as well as a two‐year case study based on participatory observations and interviews with strategic purchasers at a large Swedish contractor.FindingsAs it is not always possible to increase efficiency in the interface‐related value‐creating processes by only aiming the development and improvement efforts directly at these processes, relationship enablers such as total cost focus, aligned core values as well as willingness and capability for collaboration and development must first be in place. In order to achieve this, the contractor has to adopt a long‐term orientation towards the relationship with the suppliers, which is a decision for the management to make.Practical implicationsDrawing from the findings, this paper elucidates the connection between increased efficiency and input variables in the contractor‐supplier relationship, which might be difficult for contractors to see. Furthermore, contractors need to take responsibility over their own processes in order to be an attractive customer to the supplier.Originality/valueEven though research within construction has focused on relations between different actors, mostly client and contractor, this paper widens the perspective and takes a grasp of the relationship between contractor and supplier.

A Game Incentive Scheme Integrating Punishment in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

In vehicular ad hoc networks, uncooperative behaviors will impact the reliability of comfort applications, as well as drivers’ decisions, and even invoke serious traffic accidents. In this paper, we propose a novel game incentive scheme to stimulate cooperation among vehicle nodes, consider selfish nodes’ expectations to future payoff and their long-term desires for profit, and show analytically the three incentive-compatible conditions under which selfish nodes will be deterred from cheating by the subsequent punishments. We also discuss the impact on selfish nodes’ behavior, which is caused by their willingness for future collaboration, the parameter values of punishment mechanism and the variation of network load. Simulation results show that, the increase of network load and the deterioration of node’s future profit expectation will motivate nodes toward self-interested action, but our scheme can neutralize this tendency by the careful configuration of punishment parameters, and have favorable incentive effect.

A partial least squares model for SCM strategy, willingness for external collaboration, competitive performance and relative performance: Effects of marketing and logistics performance in the palm oil industry

This research investigation is concerned with whether in the palm oil business, marketing performance and logistics performance influence supply chain management (SCM) strategy, external collaboration willingness, competitive performance and relative performance. The analysis proceeds by means of the structural equation model (SEM) so as to determine causal relationships in regard to the factors just mentioned. Data were collected from palm oil establishments in the southern part of Thailand. Findings indicate that marketing performance and logistics performance are necessary for an organization to exhibit good SCM strategy, external collaboration willingness, relative performance and competitive performance in the palm oil business. It was also found that marketing performance exerted a high level of influence on these four factors while logistics performance influence only on SCM strategy and willingness for external collaboration.

Repeated-Game Modeling of Cooperation Enforcement in Wireless Ad Hoc Network

在缺乏集中控制的无线自组网络中,节点在转发过程中所表现出的自私行为将严重影响其网络服务的可靠性.在节点理性假设的基础上,针对自组网络节点的预期收益及其协作交互过程建立了一个重复博弈模型,提出了一个激励一致性条件,在此条件下,节点将迫于惩戒机制威慑而自愿采取合作策略;并分析了节点对将来利益重视程度、机制参数和作弊检测效率对协作效果的影响.仿真结果表明,通过合理选择惩戒机制参数,能够有效抵御网络规模的增长及节点合作意愿、作弊检测效率的降低所导致的协作性削弱,进而提高存在自私节点时的整体网络性能.;Due to the absence of centralized authority, the service reliability of wireless ad hoc network is seriously affected by selfish actions of the rational nodes during the packet forwarding. This paper proposes a repeated-game model of node behavior that takes account of the selfish nodes' future payoff expectations and their long-term desires for profit. An incentive-compatible condition under which the selfish one will be deterred from cheating by the subsequent punishments and then turn to cooperate is shown analytically. The impacts on the selfish nodes' behaviors, which are induced by their willingness for future collaboration, the parameter settings of punishment mechanism and the efficiency of misbehavior detection, are also discussed. Simulation results show that, the increase of network scale, the deterioration of node's collaborative patience and the low misbehavior detection efficiency will motivate entities toward self-interested action, but this tendency can be neutralized by a careful configuration of the punishment mechanism in the model.

French Laughter: Literary Humour from Diderot to Tournier by Walter Redfern

572 Reviews theyare currently undertaking. Taken together, the collection does demonstrate the extraordinary level of interconnection and contact across Europe thathas attracted growing attention from scholars of the Enlightenment in recent years. It reinforces the importance of French language and culture in eighteenth-century Europe, but at the same time complicates the picture, fruitfully moving us away from the image of French as a hegemonic cultural force to demonstrate that different groups, in a variety of contexts, used different languages for their own local and sometimes personal purposes. Monash University David Garrioch French Laughter: LiteraryHumour from Diderot toTournier. ByWalter Redfern. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2007. viii+245 pp. ?25. ISBN 978-0-19 923757-9. Walter Redfern has spentmany cheerful years analysing humour and comic writing. This monograph is a joyride through aspects ofwriters who have tickled his fancy, even some not renowned for their humour, such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Some of thematerial has previously appeared in part, as the author is astute enough to know that nothing is totally original, self-plagiarism ismanifestly permissible. This adventure into the highways and byways of humour has no pretensions to a systematic development despite following a broadly chronological approach. The author's examples are predominantly taken from fiction.He concentrates on 'literary textswhich are triggered, energized, and sustained by humour' (p. 1) rather than thosewhere humour makes an occasional appearance. He is intrigued by cross-talk acts' (p. 4) and somakes demands on the collaborative willingness of his readers as they engage with his 'interactive book' (p. 6). It is thus entirely appropriate thathe begins with Diderot and, inparticular, with thatmagnificent ragbag of storytelling, Jacques lefataliste. The intricate levels of comedy, of game-playing in this text encourage the reader's own sense of humour to come into play. The exuberant abundance of anecdotes supplied by thewide diversity of characters testifies that anyone can be a storyteller (p. 29). As the creator of thismultifaceted work, Diderot is ingeniously depicted as 'an ironic, ludic god' (p. 31). Redfern investigates what he terms the 'delayed-action, slow-burn variety' (p. 77) of humour inHuysmans, thereby providing numerous surprising insights. The parrot and psittacism are given extended treatment, almost star billing in relation to Flaubert and others. The essential role of comedy with itsdifferent roles is elucidated in theworks of Valles, Celine, and Queneau. In a stimulating juxtaposition across the centuries, Diderot's Jacques and Sartre's Roquentin are compared. Jacques's love of stories is contrasted with Roquentin's hatred of them; 'Jacques le fataliste is social, La Nausee is alienated' (p. 145). Unsurprisingly, thefictional world of Beckett is subtly assessed with the differences between English and French versions highlighted (p. 171). The lastmajor author under discussion isTournier, whose predilection forwordplay is amply demonstrated. At the end of some chapters (but not all, as thatwould be far too tidy), Redfern appends mini-chapters which he labels riffs. These fag-ends MLR, 104.2, 2009 573 enable him todiscourse on dreams, black humour, politics, and taste.Their presence enhances the richness of a studywhich seeks to enthuse and stimulate rather than definitively explain/explain away the forms and functions of humour. Indeed, unlike Bergson (p. 162), the author asserts thathe does not possess an overarching theory of humour (p. 205). Incisive and telling observations pervade his enquiry. Humour may be 'brutal1but itcan also be 'forgivingtowards humans' sins and crimes' (p. 53). It requires targets; there is no laughter in Utopias (p. 132). It is not exclusively connected with humane sentiments as it can be appreciated and practised by the good and bad alike (p. 178). Redfern pw/ictuates his argument with his own verbal play: pun and fun go together. JustlikeDiderot and Flaubert, he iswell aware that the provision of definitive conclusions is folly;he avoids thatbanana skin. Instead, his final chapter is termed Tnconclusion'. So ends, so to speak, an idiosyncratic but wise excursion into the delightful topic of humour in French writing. This isnot a study for the uninitiated but a welcome companion for fellow travellerswho know thathumour is a serious but not a solemn ingredient of human experience. Queen's University Belfast Simon Davies Correspondance litteraire. By Friedrich Melchior Grimm. Ed...

APA Summit on Medical Student Education Task Force on Informatics and Technology: Steps to Enhance the Use of Technology in Education Through Faculty Development, Funding and Change Management

This article provides an overview of how trainees, faculty, and institutions use technology for acquiring knowledge, skills, and attitudes for practicing modern medicine. The authors reviewed the literature on medical education, technology, and change, and identify the key themes and make recommendations for implementing technology in medical education. Administrators and faculty should initially assess their own competencies with technology and then develop a variety of teaching methods that use technology to improve their curricula. Programs should decrease the general knowledge-based content of curricula and increase the use of technology for learning skills. For programs to be successful, they must address faculty development, change management, and funding. Willingness for change, collaboration, and leadership at all levels are essential factors for successfully implementing technology.

Integrated Logistics Management in the Grocery Supply Chain

This work aims to highlight the importance of adequately defining relationships between firms in a supply chain management (SCM) framework as the basis for its integrated functioning. An empirical study is used to analyze the state of manufacturer‐retailer relationships and the implications of these on efficient functioning of the grocery supply chain in Spain with Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) as a backdrop. Using personal interviews with logistics managers in 48 manufacturers and retailers in Spain, the study focuses on the order fulfillment or demand satisfaction logistics process, and evaluates the willingness for collaboration among the enterprises using best practices and information and communication technologies (ICT's) associated with ECR.

Pharmacist-Patient Relationship Development in an Ambulatory Clinic Setting

We investigated the pharmacist-patient relationship, conceptualizing its interpersonal constructs and dynamics using social exchange principles. The constructs of felt indebtedness (FI), collaborative willingness (CW), interpersonal relationship quality (IRQ), medication use beliefs (MUBs), and critical interpersonal incidents (CII) between pharmacist and patient were proposed, measured, and modeled. Patient responses were collected using interviews and mail surveys in 2 pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinics. Higher IRQ levels predicted greater FI toward and CW with pharmacists (p <. 01). MUBs predicted CW with IRQ mediating the association (p <. 01). Patients reporting positive CII gave higher IRQ ratings and expressed greater FI (p <. 05). Findings suggested that patients' perceptions of their pharmacists, and not their therapy, may lead to increased interpersonal exchange and patient collaboration in care.

Bednet impregnation for Chagas disease control: a new perspective.

To determine the efficacy and acceptability of deltamethrin-impregnated bednets in controlling Chagas disease in South America. In three endemic departments of Colombia, a qualitative study on people's knowledge about Chagas disease, vectors, preventive measures and their willingness for collaboration in control operations was undertaken. Additionally, in an entomological study with 100 laboratory-bred Chagas vectors (Rhodnius prolixus), vectors were released for 5 nights (20 each night) in an experimental room, with the human bait protected for one night by an unimpregnated and for four nights by a deltamethrin-impregnated bednet (13 mg/m2). Vectors were stained with fluorescent powder for observation, collected after 10 h exposure in the experimental room and observed for a further 72 h. The study population did not know anything about Chagas disease, but believed the vector to transmit cutaneous leishmaniasis. Therefore willingness to take part in control operations was high. The experimental hut study showed a vector mortality rate of 95% in a room with impregnated nets and of 10% in a room with unimpregnated nets. This study opens a new perspective for Chagas disease control in integrated vector borne disease prevention programmes.