Cold Flow Properties Research Articles

Thermal and cold flow properties of bio-derived rejuvenators and their impact on the properties of rejuvenated asphalt binders

Rejuvenators are widely used to improve the properties of asphalt binders particularly low temperature and fatigue cracking behavior. Rejuvenators vary significantly in terms of their physical properties and chemical composition. The nature of the interaction between the rejuvenators and the base asphalt binders is very complex and an extensive study into the chemical and thermal properties of the rejuvenators and how they impact the rheological properties of rejuvenated binders is of paramount importance. In this research, a neat PG58-28 binder is rejuvenated with three different materials produced from soybean oil at a dosage of 6% by total weight of binder. The rheological properties of the control and rejuvenated binders are assessed using performance grades showing a drop in both the critical low and high temperature grades with rejuvenation. The oxidative stability of the rejuvenators as well as the rejuvenated binders is studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The crystallization and melting points of the rejuvenators are observed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). DSC is also used to examine the glass transition temperatures of the control and rejuvenated binders. The TGA results showed one of the rejuvenators to be susceptible to oxidation which agreed with the rolling thin film oven (RTFO) mass loss results. The glass transition temperature of the rejuvenated binders decreased denoting improved low temperature cracking properties in line with the performance grade results.

Surfactant assisted upgrading fuel properties of waste cooking oil biodiesel

Biodiesel from waste cooking oil has drawbacks such as poor cold flow properties and low oxidation stability. Cold flow properties and ignition delay of biodiesel assessed by thermogravimetric methods were improved in the present study by formation of water-in-biodiesel microemulsions with the assistant of different surfactants. More interestingly, Span 80 based microemulsion experienced precipitation (phase separation) during the storage at 4 °C in 60 days. But this separation was not a de-emulsification but a purification process. The total fatty acid methyl esters content in purified biodiesel was increased considerably (from 90.2% to 96.3%) with cold flow properties and oxidation stability being also improved. Both the purification and addition of Span 80 (the formation of microemulsion) contributed to the improved cold flow properties and oxidation stability of biodiesel. The overall fuel properties of biodiesel after microemulsification-purification were close to those of biodiesel/diesel (V/V, 5/5) blend. Note that emulsion/microemulsion fuel also has great potential to reduce NOX emission during combustion in diesel engine, application of Span 80 for biodiesel purification may be further developed as a promising biodiesel upgrading technology.

Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers as clean diesel additives: Fuel freezing and prediction

Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers are promising additives for tailoring clean diesel fuels and have attracted wide interests. Cold-flow properties are also so important because diesel fuels would freeze at temperatures lower than freezing point leading to engine-attack of internal combustion engines. In this work, the freezing behaviors of DMMn mixtures and DMMn-diesel blends were investigated experimentally by a modified standard test method and theoretically by an improved prediction model. Results showed a heavy component do not necessarily lead to increase of freezing point. A minimal point may exist in the freezing diagram. DMM3-5 mixture with composition of Schulz-Flory distribution would be qualified for application at temperatures below −19.9 °C when growth factor was less than 0.7 and even heavier components of DMMn>5 below a certain limit also could be acceptable as diesel additives for different utilizing temperature grades. Results also indicated that DMMn would have strong ability of depression of freezing point in the diesel blend with low n-alkane contents, but have relatively weak ability for high n-alkane diesel. The intermolecular interactions played an important role on the freezing behavior.

Effects of storage under different conditions on the fuel properties of biodiesel admixtures derived from waste frying and canola oils

This study investigates the effects of storage conditions on the properties of transesterified methyl ester using waste frying (WFME) and waste canola (WCME) and their blends. Biodiesel samples were stored for 24 months at ambient temperature and also at 40 °C, and properties including oxidative stability, acid value, flash point, kinematic viscosity, density, cloud point (CP), and pour point (PP) were periodically measured. The variation of kinematic viscosity and density within a range temperature of − 10 to 300 °C were examined during the storage periods. The analysis showed that both viscosity and density increase because of the increase in the concentration of WFME in the blend, and both of them decrease as temperature increases. It is found that blending WCME with WFME has a significant improvement on the cold flow properties of WFME. Furthermore, oxidative stability and flash point were significantly reduced upon extended storage whereas acid value, kinematic viscosity, and density were increased by only small increments. Moreover, the CP and PP of blends were also affected by extended storage when the WCME concentration in those mixtures was under 35% by volume. In this work, 19 general correlations were presented for estimating kinematic viscosity, density, CP, and PP of the blends at several temperatures. These correlations depend on the temperature, volume fraction of WFME, storage temperature, and storage periods. The estimated values of biodiesel properties are in good agreement with the experimental data of this study and literature. The developed equations could be used as universal formulas to predict the biodiesel properties.

Catalytic cracking of rubber seed oil using basic mesoporous molecular sieves K2O/MeO-SBA-15 (Me = Ca, Mg or Ba) as heterogeneous catalysts for the production of liquid hydrocarbon fuels

Liquid hydrocarbon fuels obtained from the catalytic cracking animal fats and plant oils have become one kinds of the attractive fuels because of their possible environment benefits and the current concern over the depletion of fossil fuel sources. In this work, using the combined methods of one-pot synthesis and wetness-impregnation, some basic mesoporous molecular sieves K2O/MeO-SBA-15 (Me = Ca, Mg or Ba) were prepared, characterized and used in the catalytic cracking of rubber seed oil (RSO). The results indicated that the catalysts K2O/MeO-SBA-15 had better catalytic performances than MeO-SBA-15, assigning to their stronger basicity. The catalyst K2O/MgO-SBA-15 obtained with 15 wt% KNO3 impregnation concentration showed the excellent catalytic performance with about 93.2% conversion and 78.3% yield of liquid hydrocarbon biofuel. The obtained liquid biofuel had similar chemical composition to diesel-based fuels and showed good cold flow property, high calorific and low acid value. Importantly, the catalyst K2O/MgO-SBA-15 was of excellent reusability, and it was reused with negligible loss in its catalytic performance for five times, attributing to the MgO layer between silicon skeleton and potassium species which prevents the reaction between silicon in the framework and potassium species.

Physicochemical property enhancement of biodiesel synthesis from hybrid feedstocks of waste cooking vegetable oil and Beauty leaf oil through optimized alkaline-catalysed transesterification

Recycling waste cooking vegetable oils by reclaiming and using these oils as biodiesel feedstocks is one of the promising solutions to address global energy demands. However, producing these biodiesels poses a significant challenge because of their poor physicochemical properties due the high free fatty acid content and impurities present in the feedstock, which will reduce the biodiesel yields. Hence, this study implemented the following strategy in order to address this issue: (1) 70 vol% of waste cooking vegetable oil blended with 30 vol% of Calophyllum inophyllum oil named as WC70CI30 used to alter its properties, (2) a three-stage process (degumming, esterification, and transesterification) was conducted which reduces the free fatty acid content and presence of impurities, and (3) the transesterification process parameters (methanol/oil ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time, and catalyst concentration) were optimized using response surface methodology in order to increase the biodiesel conversion yield. The results show that the WC70CI30 biodiesel has favourable physicochemical properties, good cold flow properties, and high oxidation stability (22.4 h), which fulfil the fuel specifications stated in the ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards. It found that the WC70CI30 biodiesel has great potential as a diesel substitute without the need for antioxidants and pour point depressants.

Synthesis and modification of maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate copolymer by a long alkyl chain alcohol for cold flow impovers of biodiesel

This research illustrates the results of a study on the synthesis of maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate copolymers (MAVA) with the monomer molar ratio of 1:1 by the radical polymerisation method in which benzoyl per-oxide was used as a catalyst. The structure and compo-sition of MAVA were characterised by FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra. The molecular weight of the co-polymers was determined by the viscosity method. The copolymers were then modified by the esterification reaction with hexadecanol - a long alkyl chain alcohol. The modified copolymer products (MAVAC) were used as additives to improve the cold flow properties of palm oil-based biodiesel through pour point temperature measurement according to standard ASTM-D97 and dynamic viscosity according to ASTM D445-97. The re-sults showed that the MAVAC additives with the comb-shape structure at the concentration of 1000 ppm could decrease the pour point temperature of palm oil-based biodiesel by 5.5oC and dynamic viscosity by 0.17 cPs.

Preparation, important fuel properties, and comparative use of un-preheated palm fatty acid distillate-diesel blends in a single cylinder diesel engine

This paper was to study whether un-preheated blends of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) with commercial high speed diesel (CHSD) without adding any solvent to improve cold flow property could be used as a diesel substitute. In this work, PFAD-CHSD blends, 0–100 wt.% with 10 wt.% interval, were prepared by simple splash blending; their long-term phase behaviors at room temperature were observed; and, for the blends of interest, their important fuel properties were tested and their comparative use in a single cylinder diesel engine without preheating was evaluated at 2200 rpm with loads of 1.28–5.09 kW. Although PFAD had poor cold flow property, long-term stable liquid blends of PFAD ≤10 wt.% could be prepared. According to Thai standards, almost properties of these blends were suitable to use as a diesel substitute except acid values but their copper strip corrosions were similar to that of CHSD, No. 1a. The 5 and 10 wt.% PFAD blends were able to operate the tested engine in the same manner as CHSD with comparable performance, significantly lower smoke, slightly lower carbon monoxide, and significantly higher nitrogen oxides. In conclusion, the blends (PFAD ≤10 wt.%) are recommended to use as a simple cost-effective diesel substitute.

Oleic acid‐based poly(alkyl methacrylate) as bio‐based viscosity control additive for mineral and vegetable oils

This work described the design of an efficient oleic‐acid based viscosity control additive for lubricating oils as potential alternative to petroleum poly(alkyl)methacrylates (PAMAs) additives. Hence, Poly(2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl oleate) (PMAEO) was synthesized by free radical homopolymerization to afford a comb‐like polymer structure similar to common PAMAs. Then, in order to evaluate its efficiency as viscosity control additive, the resulting polymer was mixed at several concentrations from 1%wt to 10%wt with different oil compositions, including a mineral paraffinic oil (MPO) and an organic triglyceride oil (OTO). For all polymer‐solution blends, relative viscosities (RV) measurements showed that addition of PMAEO in MPO had a better contribution on oil viscosity at 100°C than at 20°C (RV = 1.16 at 40°C while RV = 1.25 for 3%wt of PMAEO in MPO). These results were attributed to the coil expansion of polymer chains with increasing temperature. Additionally, rheological studies showed that addition of 3%wt of PMAEO in MPO improved the MPO cold flow properties at −30°C by decreasing the required yield stress to put the oil in motion from 310 mPa to 42 mPa. These results are in total accordance with the common viscosimetric properties of PAMAs‐based viscosity control additives at low and high temperature in mineral oils. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:E164–E170, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

Catalytic hydrogenation of soybean oil-derived fatty acid methyl esters over Pd supported on Zr-SBA-15 with various Zr loading levels for enhanced oxidative stability

Partial hydrogenation of soybean oil (SO)-derived biodiesel, as fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), over mesoporous palladium (Pd)/SBA-15 materials was examined in a semi-batch reactor. The amount of Pd/SBA-15 catalyst was varied from 0.5–1% by weight (wt%) of the SO feedstock. The selectivity of saturated FAMEs (C18:0), which contribute to an excellent oxidative stability but undesirable cold flow properties, over the Pd/SBA-15 catalyst at different wt% was poor after a 4-h reaction period. To improve the catalytic performance, zirconium (Zr) species were incorporated in the SBA-15, resulting in Zr-SBA-15 with tunable acidity and pore properties. Partial hydrogenation of SO-FAME over 0.75 wt% Pd/xZr-SBA-15 catalysts (where x is the Zr/silicon (Si) molar ratio and ranged from 0.01 to 0.11) was performed for 2 h. The catalytic performance and the selectivity towards trans-monounsaturated FAMEs (trans-C18:1), in terms of the turnover frequency (TOF) and trans-C18:1/cis-C18:1 ratio, respectively, were considered at 10% and 80% conversion levels of diunsaturated FAMEs (C18:2). The incorporation of Zr into SBA-15 resulted in an enhanced TOF due to the greater adsorption of both H2 and the basic double bonds of FAME molecules on the electron-deficient catalyst surfaces. The TOF for the Pd/xZr-SBA-15 catalysts increased as the Zr/Si molar ratio increased up to 0.07, and then slightly dropped at higher Zr/Si molar ratios, presumably due to the hindrance of adsorbed-reacted FAME molecules with strong adsorption and the worsening of physical properties, i.e. pore width (DP). The selectivity towards trans-C18:1 was directly correlated with the Zr/Si molar ratio. Since the strong adsorption of FAME molecules took place on the catalyst surface, the high level of trans-C18:1 was consequently generated. The oxidative stability of the partially hydrogenated biodiesels was improved by more than four-fold compared to that of the starting SO-FAMEs.

Evaluation, characterization, and engine performance of complementary fuel blends of butanol–biodiesel–diesel from Aleurites moluccanus as potential alternative fuels for CI engines

Biodiesel has gained worldwide attention due to its renewable aspects. However, it needs more quality improvement. Recently, butanol has been considered as a favorable alternative fuel or additive over methanol and ethanol in compression ignition (CI) engines. In this regard, the present work deals with the evaluation of butanol–diesel–biodiesel blends as potential alternative fuels. In this work, biodiesel has been produced from Aleurites moluccanus oil followed by blending with Euro-diesel and butanol. Important characteristics such as kinematic viscosity, density and cloud point besides FT-IR, UV-vis spectra, TGA, DSC and NMR (13C and 1H) were analyzed. Some important engine and emission performance parameters, such as BP, BSFC, CO, HC, NOx and EGT were also studied in this work. Results revealed that blending butanol and Euro-diesel with biodiesel improves the properties of pure biodiesel such as kinematic viscosity (2.41–3.55 mm2/s) and density (841.8–884.6 kg/m3), while maintaining an acceptable range for cold flow properties that are analogous to Euro-diesel. In addition, reduction in BP (24.65–26.35%), HC (52.57–38.71%), and CO (39.18–30.4%) was observed for all the blends at full load compared to Euro-diesel. However, increases in both BSFC (38.17–41.14%) and NOx (24.18–8.35%) were observed. Overall, the blends appear to be good alternatives to biodiesel–diesel blends. Thus, butanol–biodiesel–diesel blends can be considered as potential sustainable fuels for fossil diesel.

Improvement of fuel properties of biodiesel with bioadditive ethyl levulinate

AbstractBiodiesel has poor cold flow properties due to their high saturated fatty acid content. Ethyl levulinate is used as bio-based cold flow improver additive in biodiesel. In this work, both ethyl levulinate and biodiesel were synthesized in the laboratory. Ethyl levulinate was added to the biodiesel at different rates, i.e, 5, 10, 15, 20 (vol %). The effect of ethyl levulinate addition on density, kinematic viscosity, acid value, cloud point and pour point was determined and compared to the EN 14214 and ASTM D6751 specification. Consequently, ethyl levulinate appears acceptable as a cold flow improver for biodiesel fuel.

Exhaust Emissions and Physicochemical Properties of Hydrotreated Used Cooking Oils in Blends with Diesel Fuel

Hydroprocessing of liquid biomass is a promising technology for the production of “second generation” renewable fuels to be used in transportation. Its products, normal paraffins, can be further hydrotreated for isomerization in order to improve their cold flow properties. The final product, usually referred to as “paraffinic diesel,” is a high cetane number, clean burning biofuel which is rapidly gaining popularity among researchers and the industry. Nevertheless, the costly isomerization step can be omitted if normal paraffins are to be directly mixed with conventional diesel in low concentrations. In this work, nonisomerized paraffinic diesel produced through hydrotreating of used cooking oil (hydrotreated used cooking oil (HUCO)) has been used in 4 blends (up to 40% v/v) with conventional diesel fuel. The blends’ properties have been assessed comparatively to European EN 590 and EN 15940 standards (concerning conventional automotive diesel fuels and paraffinic diesel fuels from synthesis or hydrotreatment, resp.). Furthermore, the HUCO blends have been used in a standard stationary diesel engine-generator set. The blends have been considered as “drop-in replacements” for standard diesel fuel. As such, no engine modifications took place whatsoever. The engine performance and exhaust emissions of steady-state operation have been examined in comparison with engine operation with the baseline conventional diesel fuel.

The effects on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of DICI engine fuelled with TiO2 nanoparticles addition in diesel/biodiesel/n-butanol blends

In this study, waste cooking oil biodiesel was mixed with titanium dioxide (TiO2), a metal-based nano particle, and n-butanol (C4H9OH) along with euro diesel to examine their effects on diesel engines. Various ratio of fuel blends were prepared with TiO2 nano particles-diesel-biodiesel and n-butanol. The tests fuels were euro diesel (D100), biodiesel (B100), B20, B20 + TiO2, B20But10 and B20But10 + TiO2, respectively. Thermo-physical properties such as density, pour point, cloud point, cold filter clogging point, flash point and kinematic viscosity of all test fuels were determined followed by investigating engine performance parameters such as torque, power, fuel consumption and etc. Combustion analysis was also investigated. In addition, the effects on emissions such as CO, CO2, HC, NO and smoke opacity were also carried out.The addition of n-butanol to the fuel blends substantially affected density, kinematic viscosity and cold flow properties, while the addition of TiO2 has not much effect on these properties. For all tested fuels, the maximum brake engine torque and power were recorded at approximately 1400 rpm and 2800 rpm, respectively. The addition of TiO2 increased the brake engine torque and power 10.20% and 9.74% and decreased the brake specific fuel consumption 27.73% and 28.37%, respectively compared to blends without TiO2 additive.TiO2 additive increases the maximum cylinder pressure and heat release rate, as a result improved the engine performance and combustion. The addition of n-butanol in the fuel blend increased the maximum cylinder pressure and heat release rate values in comparison to euro diesel. The results of exhaust emission showed a decrease in CO, HC and smoke opacity emissions, whereas increased CO2 and NO emission, except the use of n-butanol reduced the values of NO emission, in comparison to euro diesel and without TiO2 additive.The results show that biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil, n-butanol and TiO2 additive can be used in diesel engines at certain proportion and that the additive materials improve the combustion characteristics, engine performance and exhaust gas emission.

The Effect of Off-Spec Canola Biodiesel Blending on Fuel Properties for Cold Weather Applications

Biodiesel is a renewable and reduced-emission alternative fuel produced mainly from the alcoholysis of vegetable oils and/or animal fats. It is mainly used in blends with diesel fuel to reduce emissions, enhance lubrication and lower sulfur content. Being able to accurately determine the physicochemical properties of blended fuel is important for optimal injection, combustion, and lubricating performance in diesel engines. Also, fuel properties vary as the ratio of biodiesel-diesel changes, affecting the final fuel quality. In this study, a wide range and narrow intervals of (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 25, 35, 50, 75 and 100% by volume) off-quality canola-based biodiesel blends were prepared at ambient conditions and used to study the blended fuel properties (density, kinematic viscosity, flash point, cloud point and pour point). This is particularly important for examining the effect of a biodiesel content of more than 20%—the industry maximum blend content—on cold flow properties, fuel stability, energy value, and emissions. It was found that the kinematic viscosity and density increased linearly as the concentration of the biodiesel in the blend increases. The pour point and cloud point temperature showed a small increase up to 35% blending ratio and a rapid increase in temperature for biodiesel concentrations higher than 35%. Also, the flash point remained almost constant at an average value of 73 °C for blends less than 20%, above which the values for the flash point increased exponentially with biodiesel concentration. Furthermore, predictive correlations were developed for all tested fuel properties from regressing corresponding experimental data. All models exhibited excellent agreement with experimental data with an average absolute deviation of less than 5%.

Production of Dual Fuel Biodiesel as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engine with Improved Cold Flow Characteristics

Objective: To produce dual fuel biodiesel, where different percentage of blends was taken to check the physio and chemical properties of the dual fuel. Analysis: As we all know our society is hugely dependent on the fossil fuels, which results in the higher cost of petroleum products, high emissions of HC, CO2 and Nox. To bring down the dependency on the conventional fuels and to reduce the various types of emissions new sources of alternate energy must be developed. Biodiesel is becoming one of the most prominent options among the other alternate energy resources, due to its economic and environmental factors. Finding: Biodiesel is an alternative fuel which can be used with mineral diesel without any modification or small modifications to the engine. The methyl ester of vegetable oil (edible and non-edible oil) and animal fat are known as biodiesel. In the past researchers had done blending of biodiesel made from single vegetable oil with the mineral diesel and left the scope of work on the biodiesel made from the combining of two different types of biodiesel blended with diesel in different mixing ratios. Improvement: The methyl esters of seed oil are produced through transesterification process. The experiment was done to produce dual fuel, where different percentage of blends was taken to check the physio and chemical properties of the dual fuel. The cold flow properties of dual fuel were found to be optimal at 50:50 blends. Keywords: Cloud Point, Cold Flow Properties, Jatropha Biodiesel, Mahua Biodiesel, Pour Point, Transesterificaion

Production of Methyl Ester of Mahua (Madhuca Biodiesel) for improving its cold flow characteristics

Background: In present day scenario, energy sector of developing world is depending upon fossil fuels. To reduce this dependency on fossil fuels, new alternative sources of energy must be developed. Opting for biodiesels can be an effective approach to replace these fossil fuels. Methods: Mahua oil is used to produce the methyl ester of Mahua (Mahua biodiesel) through transestrification process. These experiments were performed for the production of Mahua biodiesel from Mahua seed oil with methanol and catalyst of KOH. Findings: The Mahua biodiesel fuel properties are compared to the requirements of American (ASTM) standards for biodiesels. Also to improve the cold flow properties of Mahua biodiesel, it was mixed with the blends of Ethanol. Improvements: Blend of 20% Ethanol with Mahua biodiesel shows better pour point and cloud point than other samples. Keywords: Cloud Point, Ethanol, Madhuca Biodiesel, Methanol, Pour Point,Transestrification

Effect evaluation of ethylene vinyl acetate/nano-montmorillonite pour-point depressant on improving the flow properties of model oil

A series of novel nano-hybrid pour-point depressants (PPDs) which combined nano-montmorillonite (MMT) and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers were prepared. Compared with pure EVA PPDs with identical content, the effects of EVA/nano-MMT PPDs on the cold flow properties of 25 wt% wax model oil were evaluated. Polarized optical microscopy was used to study the effect of the EVA/nano-MMT PPDs on the crystallization behavior and crystal morphology of the model oil at low temperature. The results indicated that the vinyl acetate content of EVAs has a significant impact on the performance of EVA/nano-MMT PPDs, and appropriate dosage of the EVA/nano-MMT PPDs can be more effective than EVA PPDs in modifying the wax crystal morphology, preventing their aggregation and improving the fluidity of model oil at low temperatures.

An experimental study of diesel fuel cloud and pour point reduction using different additives

Abstract An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effects of four different additives on pour point and cloud point temperatures of a diesel fuel. Sample mixtures were prepared in different volumetric percentages of four different additives (Ethanol, Toluene, n-Heptane and Xylene) and diesel fuel mixture. Pour point and cloud point temperatures of the blends were measured using standard ASTM D2500 and ASTM D97-96a methods, respectively. Introducing the additives to the diesel fuel did not lead to a significant reduction in cloud point temperature of the fuel. In fact, the greatest obtained reduction in cloud point temperature was achieved using 20 vol% or more of Toluene-diesel fuel mixtures. Although cloud points did not change significantly, even the slightest amounts of additives caused a high reduction in the pour point temperature of the fuel. Ethanol was the most effective additive in lowering the pour point temperature of the fuel. A 20% ethanol-fuel mixture caused nearly a 30° reduction in the fuel pour point temperature. Therefore, knowing that none of the additives has a significant effect on cloud point temperature, while the greatest reduction in pour point temperature is achieved using ethanol even in low Vol%s, it can be concluded that the most efficient additive among these four additives to alter cold flow properties of a certain diesel fuel is Ethanol.

Acetone and Diethyl ether: Improve cold flow properties of Dairy Washed Milkscum biodiesel

The trend in utilizing biological industrial wastes to produce biofuels has been increasingly popular over the past decades. The dairy washed milk scum (DWMS) is one of such potential industrial waste, which can be used as feedstock for the production of biodiesel. One of the inherent problems of DWMS biodiesel is its poor low temperature properties. In this investigation, the influence of two solvents namely, Acetone (ACE) and Diethyl ether (DEE) was tested as cold flow improvers (CFI's) on low temperature properties of DWMS biodiesel. It was observed that the addition of 20% (v/v) of ACE and DEE to DWMS biodiesel improved the low temperature properties. The crystallization characteristics of biodiesel and its blends with CFIs were determined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Other fuel properties were within the permissible limits of biodiesel standard (ASTM D6751-15C) with all the blends of ACE and DEE.