Cognitive-affective Processing System Research Articles

Handbook of Cultural Psychology

Part 1. The Discipline and Its History. H.R. Markus, M.Y.G. Hamedani, Sociocultural Psychology: The Dynamic Interdependence among Self Systems and Social Systems. R.A. LeVine, Anthropological Foundations of Cultural Psychology. H.C. Triandis, Culture and Psychology: A History of the Study of Their Relationship. M.J. Konner, Evolutionary Foundations of Cultural Psychology. Part 2. Theory and Methods. M. Cole, G. Hatano, Cultural-historical Activity Theory: Integrating Phylogeny, Cultural History, and Ontogenesis in Cultural Psychology. S. Kitayama, S. Duffy, Y. Uchida, Self as Cultural Mode of Being. R. Mendoza-Denton, W. Mischel, Integrating System Approaches to Culture and Personality: The Cultural Cognitive-affective Processing System. D. Cohen, Methods in Cultural Psychology. J.Y. Chiao, N. Ambady, Cultural Neuroscience: Parsing Universality and Diversity across Levels of Analysis. D. Oyserman, S. Wing-Sing Lee, Priming Culture as Situated Cognition. Part 3. Identity and Social Relations. A.P. Fiske, S.T. Fiske, Social Relationships in Our Species and Cultures. M.B. Brewer, M. Yuki, Culture and Social Identity. Y. Hong, C. Wan, S. No, C. Chiu, Multicultural Identities. J. Sanchez-Burks, F. Lee, Cultural Psychology of Workways. C. Schooler, Culture and Social Structure: The Relevance of Social Structure to Cultural Psychology. Part 4. Acquisition and Change of Culture. P. Rozin, Food and Eating. S. Atran, Religion's Social and Cognitive Landscape: An Evolutionary Perspective. L. Newson, P.J. Richerson, R. Boyd, Cultural Evolution and the Shaping of Cultural Diversity. J.G. Miller, Cultural Psychology of Moral Development. G.A. Morelli, F. Rothbaum, Situating the Child in Context: Attachment Relationships and Self-regulation in Different Cultures. S. Li, Biocultural Co-construction of Developmental Plasticity across the Lifespan. Part 5. Cognition. R.J. Sternberg, Intelligence and Culture. A. Norenzayan, I. Choi, K. Peng, Perception and Cognition. P.J. Miller, H. Fung, M. Koven, Narrative Reverberations: How Participation in Narrative Practices Co-creates Persons and Cultures. D.L. Medin, S.J. Unsworth, L. Hirschfeld, Culture, Categorization, and Reasoning. Q. Wang, M. Ross, Culture and Memory. C. Chiu, A. K-y. Leung, L. Kwan, Language, Cognition, and Culture: Beyond the Whorfian Hypothesis. Part 6. Emotion and Motivation. W. Tov, E. Diener, Culture and Subjective Well-Being. S.J. Heine, Culture and Motivation: What Motivates People to Act in the Ways That They Do? B. Mesquita, J. Leu, The Cultural Psychology of Emotion. E. Hatfield, R.L. Rapson, L.D. Martel, Passionate Love and Sexual Desire. R.W. Levenson, J. Soto, N. Pole, Emotion, Biology, and Culture. A.J. Marsella, A.M. Yamada, Culture and Psychopathology: Foundations, Issues, and Directions. Part 7. Commentaries from Two Perspectives. R.A. Shweder, An Anthropological Perspective: The Revival of Cultural Psychology - Some Premonitions and Reflections. R.E. Nisbett, A Psychological Perspective: Cultural Psychology - Past, Present, and Future. Part 8. Epilogue. D. Cohen, S. Kitayama, Cultural Psychology: This Stanza and the Next.

Understanding Sport Behavior: A Cognitive-Affective Processing Systems Approach

Recent developments in social-cognitive personality theory have promising applications to sport psychology. Of special significance is Mischel and Shoda's (1995) description of the Cognitive-Affective Processing System (CAPS), a dynamic network of cognitive, affective, motivational, and behavior-generation units that interacts with situational factors to produce both coherence and cross-situational variability in behavior. Consistency in situation-behavior relations are demonstrated in individualized “behavioral signatures” of athletic coaches. The CAPS model has promise as a theoretical template within which domain-specific theoretical frameworks in sport psychology can be incorporated and expanded. To illustrate the potential utility of the CAPS model for construct elaboration, assessment of individual differences, and interventions in sport psychology, I apply it to an analysis of mental toughness and to performance anxiety, achievement goal theory, idiographic assessment, and psychological skills training. Finally, I suggest that “bottom-up” approaches to identifying causal mechanisms, exemplified by the CAPS and other social-cognitive models, can have considerable potential for theoretical, empirical, and applied advances in sport psychology.

Handbook of self-regulation: research, theory, and applications

Part 1. Basic Regulatory Processes. C. S. Carver, M. F. Scheier, Self-Regulation of Action and Affect. S. L. Koole, L. F. van Dillen, G. Sheppes, The Self-Regulation of Emotion. D. D. Wagner, T. F. Heatherton, Giving In to Temptation: The Emerging Cognitive Neuroscience of Self-Regulatory Failure. I. M. Bauer, R. F. Baumeister, Self-Regulatory Strength. W. Mischel, O. Ayduk, Willpower in a Cognitive Affective Processing System: The Dynamics of Delay of Gratification. A. J. Rothman, A. S. Baldwin, A. W. Hertel, P. Fuglestad, Self-Regulation and Behavior Change: Disentangling Behavioral Initiation and Behavioral Maintenance. Part 2. Cognitive, Physiological, and Neurological Dimensions of Self-Regulation. E. K. Papies, H. Aarts, Nonconscious Self-Regulation, or the Automatic Pilot of Human Behavior. A. A. Scholer, E. T. Higgins, Promotion and Prevention Systems: Regulatory Focus Dynamics within Self-Regulatory Hierarchies. P. M. Gollwitzer, G. Oettingen, Planning Promotes Goal Striving. K. McRae, K. N. Ochsner, J. J. Gross, The Reason in Passion: A Social Cognitive Neuroscience Approach to Emotion Regulation. W. Hofmann, M. Friese, B. J. Schmeichel, A. D. Baddeley, Working Memory and Self-Regulation. A. Ledgerwood, Y. Trope, Local and Global Evaluations: Attitudes as Self-Regulatory Guides for Near and Distant Responding. A. Fishbach, B. A. Converse, Identifying and Battling Temptation. Part 3. Development of Self-Regulation. N. Eisenberg, C. L. Smith, T. L. Spinrad, Effortful Control: Relations with Emotion Regulation, Adjustment, and Socialization in Childhood. M. R. Rueda, M. I. Posner, M. K. Rothbart, Attentional Control and Self-Regulation. C. Blair, A. Ursache, A Bidirectional Model of Executive Functions and Self-Regulation. W. von Hippel, J. D. Henry, Aging and Self-Regulation. Part 4. Social Dimension of Self-Regulation. M. R. Leary, J. Guadagno, The Sociometer, Self-Esteem, and the Regulation of Interpersonal Behavior. S. D. Calkins, E. M. Leerkes, Early Attachment Processes and the Development of Emotional Self-Regulation. C. D. Rawn, K. D. Vohs, When People Strive for Self-Harming Goals: Sacrificing Personal Health for Interpersonal Success. E. J. Finkel, G. M. Fitzsimons, The Effects of Social Relationships on Self-Regulation. G. M. Fitzsimons, E. J. Finkel, The Effects of Self-Regulation on Social Relationships. M. E. McCullough, E. C. Carter, Waiting, Tolerating, and Cooperating: Did Religion Evolve to Prop Up Humans' Self-Control Abilities? Part 5. Personality and Self-Regulation. M. K. Rothbart, L. K. Ellis, M. I. Posner, Temperament and Self-Regulation. D. Cervone, N. Mor, H. Orom, W. G. Shadel, W. D. Scott, Self-Efficacy Beliefs and the Architecture of Personality: On Knowledge, Appraisal, and Self-Regulation. C. G. DeYoung, Impulsivity as a Personality Trait. Part 6. Common Problems with Self-Regulation. M. A. Sayette, K. M. Griffin, Self-Regulatory Failure and Addiction. C. P. Herman, J. Polivy, The Self-Regulation of Eating: Theoretical and Practical Problems. R. J. Faber, K. D. Vohs, Self-Regulation and Spending: Evidence from Impulsive and Compulsive Buying. R. A. Barkley, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Self-Regulation, and Executive Functioning.

Conceptualizing personality as a cognitive-affective processing system: A framework for models of maladaptive behavior patterns and change

This article outlines a conceptualization of personality as a cognitive-affective processing system (CAPS) and explores its implications for understanding disorders and pursuing therapeutic change. The CAPS conception of personality was proposed in 1995 in order to resolve a long-standing paradox in personality and social psychology, namely, the apparent contradiction of, on the one hand, a core assumption about personality as stable and invariant across situations and, on the other hand, the empirical findings of behavioral variability. It was prompted by the demonstration that stable and characteristic patterns can be discerned in behavior variation, or “behavioral signatures,” and by a common theme from cognitive sciences that views the human mind as consisting of a stable and distinctive network of specific cognitions and affects. CAPS characterizes personality not simply by a set of thoughts and feelings highly assessible to an individual, but by the dynamic network of functional relations among the cognitions and affects, which guide and constrain their activation. After outlining the CAPS view of personality, this article will discuss how it relates to diverse existing models of anxiety and depression, approaches for measurement and case conceptualization as well as treatment methods, with the goal of clarifying the relationships among them by translating them into a common language provided by the CAPS framework.

Personality as a Dynamical System: Emergence of Stability and Distinctiveness from Intra and Interpersonal Interactions

The implications of conceptualizing personality as a cognitive-affective processing system that functions as a parallel constraint satisfaction network are explored. Computer simulations show that from dynamic interactions among the units in such a network, a set of stable attractor states and functionally equivalent groups of situations emerge, such that IF exposed to situation group X, THEN the system settles in attractor Y. This conceptualization explicitly models the effect of situations on a given individual, and therefore can also be used to model the function of interpersonal systems. We demonstrate this possibility by modeling dyadic systems in which one partner's behavior becomes the situational input into the other partner's personality system, and vice versa. The results indicate that each member of the dyad will, in general, exhibit new attractor states. This suggests that the thoughts, affects, and behaviors that an individual typically experiences are a function not of that individual's personality system alone, but rather a function of the interpersonal system of which the individual is a part. Just as individuals have distinctive and stable IF-THEN signatures, so do interpersonal relationships. Understanding the structure of the cognitive-affective processing system of each relationship partner also should enable predictions of their distincitve relational signatures as emergent properties of the interpersonal system that develops.

Cognitive‐Affective Processing System Analysis of Reactions to the O. J. Simpson Criminal Trial Verdict

Reactions to the O. J. Simpson verdict were analyzed using the Cognitive‐Affective Processing System (CAPS) model. Content analyses of participants' open‐ended reactions to the verdict revealed that differences in the accessibility of cognitive‐affective units and their subsequent activation pathways characterized respondents' reactions, but participants' race appeared to have no direct effect. The results were used to construct cognitive‐affective domain maps that underlay elated, dismayed, and ambivalent reactions. By promoting a deeper understanding and appreciation of reactions to the verdict, we believe the domain maps facilitate overcoming the widespread tendency to attribute the cause of divergent reactions to an individual's race. The results have implications for the understanding of cultural differences.

Paranoid Thought and Schematic Processing

Paranoid Thought and Schematic ProcessingAllan FenigsteinAllan Fenigstein1 Kenyon CollegeSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:January 2011https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1997.16.1.77PDFPDF PLUS ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations About Previous article Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Cited byCited by1. Fenigstein, AllanOnline publication date: 22 April 2020. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar2. Fenigstein, AllanOnline publication date: 5 December 2018. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar3. Terror Management Theory and Psychological DisorderOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar4. How paranoid are conspiracy believers? Toward a more fine-grained understanding of the connect and disconnect between paranoia and belief in conspiracy theoriesOnline publication date: 30 May 2018. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar5. Paranoia Symptoms Moderate the Impact of Emotional Context Processing on Community Functioning of Individuals with SchizophreniaOnline publication date: 26 April 2018. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar6. Online publication date: Go to citation Crossref 7. Early relationships and paranoia: Qualitative investigation of childhood experiences associated with the development of persecutory delusionsOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar8. Abusive Supervision Through the Lens of Employee State ParanoiaOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar9. Emotional, cognitive and behavioral reactions to paranoid symptoms in clinical and nonclinical populationsOnline publication date: 20 June 2014. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar10. The Role of Predisposition to Hallucinations on Non-Clinical Paranoid vs. Socially Anxious Individuals after Hearing Negative Affective-Laden Sounds: An Experimental InvestigationOnline publication date: 13 September 2012. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar11. Depressive Primes Stimulate Initial Avoidance of Angry Faces: An Eye-Tracking Study of Paranoid IdeationOnline publication date: 7 September 2011. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar12. Theory of mind, facial recognition and emotional processing in schizophreniaOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar13. Teoría de la mente, reconocimiento facial y procesamiento emocional en la esquizofreniaOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar14. The Cognitive–Affective Processing System (CAPS) approach to personality and the concept of personality disorder: Integrating clinical and social-cognitive researchOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar15. On the Power of Music to Affect Intergroup RelationsOnline publication date: 1 March 2009. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar16. Cognitive and emotional differences between abusive and non-abusive fathersOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar17. Thought suppression and persecutory delusion-like beliefs in a nonclinical sampleOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar18. ReferencesOnline publication date: 9 May 2008. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar19. Subtypes of paranoia in a nonclinical sampleOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar20. Paranoid cognitions, failure, and focus of attention in college studentsOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar21. Relationships Between Hostility, Affective Ratings of Pictures, and State Affects During Task-Induced StressOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar22. Paranoia and emotion perception across the continuumOnline publication date: 24 December 2010. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar23. Perceived Racism as a Predictor of Paranoia Among African AmericansOnline publication date: 25 July 2016. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar24. Social cognitive bias and neurocognitive deficit in paranoid symptoms: evidence for an interaction effect and changes during treatmentOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar25. Implicit learning and non-clinical paranoia: does content matter?Online publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar26. Ethnic differences in subclinical paranoia: An expansion of norms of the Paranoia Scale.Online publication date: 1 January 2002. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar27. Cultural mistrust: An important psychological construct for diagnosis and treatment of African Americans.Online publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar Volume 16Issue 1Mar 1997 Information© 1997 Guilford Publications Inc.PDF download

Cognitive-Affective Processing System Analysis of Reactions to the O. J. Simpson Criminal Trial Verdict

Cognitive-Affective Processing System Analysis of Reactions to the O. J. Simpson Criminal Trial Verdict