Coffee Production Research Articles

Mitigasi Penyebab Risiko Usahatani Kopi Arabika (Studi Kasus pada Kelompok Tani Hutan Giri Senang, Kampung Legok Nyenang, Kecamatan Cilengkrang, Kabupaten Bandung)

The Giri Senang Forest Farmer Group (KTH) has experienced a significant decline in arabica coffee production over the past few years. This indicates the existence of risks that need to be addressed immediately. The research was conducted with the aim of identifying the causes of risks in arabica coffee farming, understanding the mitigation actions that have been taken by KTH Giri Senang, and proposing mitigation actions that can be implemented to overcome these problems. The research was carried out using descriptive qualitative analysis with a case study research technique. The causes of risk were identified using a Fishbone Diagram and analyzed with the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method. Based on the results of the research, there are 7 priority risk causes out of 26 total causes: unfavorable weather, leaf rust disease, insufficient or excessive rainfall, leaf spot disease, coffee berry borer pests, weather changes due to the La Nina-El Nino phenomenon, and lack of pruning. Mitigation actions that have been taken include making a holding pond, using pesticides, traps, pest control agents, harvesting spoils, and sanitation to eradicate pests and diseases, as well as forming a Pest Control Team. Proposed mitigation actions that can be implemented include organizing agricultural insurance, subsidizing insurance premiums, making holes or roraks, switching to organic farming, using spare harvest bags, collaborating with educational or research institutions, holding discussion forums for farmers, and creating video tutorials and educational content as alternative extension activities.

Coffee Farmers' Obligations Response to 4C Certification in South OKU Regency South Sumatra Province, Indonesia

The increasing demand for certified coffee has encouraged coffee exporters in Indonesia to try to help and certify coffee in their areas. Sustainable standards and certification can encourage coffee farmers to implement GAP rather than economically, socially and environmentally sustainable coffee production, the standard code coffee community (4C) certification used globally reaches 1,768,272 tons. The study aimed to determine whether farmers agreed to the implementation of 4C coffee certification in South OKU Regency. The sample was made of coffee farmers in South Ogan Komering Ulu Regency located in Pulau Beringin and Runjung Agung Districts, taken randomly and measured using a Likert scale. The study results showed that farmers agreed to implement 4C, which is in the economic, social, and environmental dimensions. Regarding environmental aspects, several important things are overlooked, especially restrictions on the use of pesticides, considering that farmers are currently accustomed to using insecticides and herbicides.

Analisis Proses Pascapanen Kopi di Pusat Pelatihan Pertanian dan Pedesaan Swadaya (P4S) Kopi Gunung Ikamaja Kecamatan Sumberjaya Kabupaten Lampung Barat

The post-harvest coffee process is vital in determining the quality and quantity of coffee production. Problems that often occur in the post-harvest coffee process are incomplete or overcooked fermentation, improper drying process, high water content, improper roasting process, and inappropriate use of resources. For this reason, it is important to carry out proper processing in the post-harvest coffee process so that the quality of the coffee can be optimal. This research aims to analyze the post-harvest process of robusta coffee and identify post-harvest coffee facilities and infrastructure at P4S Kopi Gunung Ikamaja. The types of data used are primary data and secondary data. The data collection methods used in this research are expert interviews and active participation observation. The results of the study show that there are post-harvest coffee processes that do not comply with the provisions for post-harvest processing according to Minister of Agriculture Regulation Number 52/Permentan/OT.140/9/2012. In natural processing processes, those that are appropriate are the sorting, drying, horn stripping, roasting, and fine grinding stages, while those that are not appropriate are the packaging process. Honey process processing is in accordance with Minister of Agriculture Regulation Number 52/Permentan/OT.140/9/2012. The full wash process is not by Agriculture Ministerial Decree Number 52/Permentan/OT.140/9/2012 at the fermentation stage. Facilities and infrastructure based on building location are not yet appropriate; however, based on tools and machines and based on containers and packaging, they are by the provisions of Minister of Agriculture Number 52/Permentan/OT.140/9/2012.

Adoption of Agroecological Technology in Country Schools of Santiago Lachiguiri, Oaxaca

The objective of the study was to know the adoption of the technology “Preparation and use of super-lean biofertilizer”, using the “Field Schools” methodology. The study was carried out with 54 coffee producers, who received direct training from the field technician. The methodology used to determine the adoption achieved was divided into three phases; 1) Knowledge of technology; same that considered the knowledge of the functions of the super lean, and the ingredients with which it is prepared, 2) Participation in group training, mastery of the way of preparation and eventually the preparation individually, and 3) Adoption, which considers the preparation and daily and future use of the product, the conviction of its effectiveness, making changes in the way of preparation and sharing the information with other producers. The results indicate that these are producers over 40 years of age, mostly men (72%), 81% native language speakers, 77% Zapotec and 23% Mixe, with attendance on average at five courses. 74% of producers use mobile phones or cell phones as a means of communication, and of them 85% use the WhatsApp ® social network, 53% receive agricultural videos, and 29% send videos. Of the total participants, 78% are in the technology knowledge phase, that is, they know the biofertilizer, its functions and its ingredients for its preparation, but they did not participate in the group preparations nor do they know the way of preparation, 64% They were placed in the group training phase through participation in the field of practices, but they did not carry out individual preparations, and in the end, 30% of the total, adopted the technology. The Wilcoxon statistical test confirms that there are significant differences between the characteristics of the adopting and non-adopting producers, while the results of the Spearman correlation test confirmed the association between the adoption variable and the number of courses attended variables. Received a copy of the course and the individual preparation of the biofertilizer

Green Marketing and Purchase Intention for Fore Coffee Products

Green marketing for coffee products is explored for its role on purchase intention. As concern on environmental matters is raising, green marketing becomes an important part to drive customers purchase intention, more over it is in the trending business in Indonesia like coffee product. This is an explanatory research with quantitative approach that used dichotomous data and logistic regression to measure and analyze Guttman’s scale. The data used in this study are primary data obtained through questionnaires distributed directly to coffee drink consumers in Malang Raya, involving 216 respondents. The results show that green marketing simultaneously affects the purchase intention of Fore coffee drinks by 24.5%. All three variables are significant in encouraging purchase intention including green product, green promotion, and green place. Yet, green price as assumed to be more expensive is required to remain affordable. The implications of these findings are expected to deliver theoretical contribution on green marketing as price remains sensitive for customers; in addition, it also provides practical contribution on how a green company should address this issue.

Pengolahan Kopi Menjadi Kompos: Analisis Proses Pembuatan Kompos dan Digital Marketing

In Indonesia, the use of inorganic fertilizers is one area that is produced continuously to be used to increase crop yields, especially vegetables. Organic fertilizer and compost also have long-term benefits because they can increase the fertility of plants such as coffee. Indonesia is a coffee producer with unique characteristics. There is one type of coffee that is not widely known by the Indonesian people, namely Excelsa coffee. Excelsa coffee has very distinctive characteristics and aroma. Most of Wonomerto's residents have agricultural land and livestock that can produce coffee and livestock. However, villages that have cattle farms are still unable to utilize animal waste properly, and also residents who have coffee production only process it into ground coffee. Therefore, educational events and new programs for the Bokashi compost coffee market are being held. Apart from that, agricultural products and animal products that cannot yet be processed can be used as organic fertilizer using EM4 technology. The benefits of bokashi fertilizer are that it can increase the nutrient content of plants, reduce organic waste, and encourage the growth of plant microorganisms.

The Impact of Digital Marketing, Price and Product Quality on Coffee Shopping Interest in The Coffee Shop

Bali is an exotic island in Indonesia, famous for its stunning natural beauty, rich in culture, the island is known as the “Dewata Island”. Besides its natural beauty Bali is also known as one of the best specialized coffee producers in the world. Bali Coffee has also become one of the leading agro industries in the Bali region. Bali coffee is a very promising commodity because its addictive nature makes it difficult for its fans to abandon this bitterly aspiring drink. The study aims to explore respondents' views on factors such as digital marketing, price and quality of products against interest in buying Coffee at Coffee Shop in Karangasem district. The research method used is quantitatively descriptive samples in this study are 100 people. On the results of the tests that have been carried out against the digital marketing variable (X1) against the buying interest variables (Y) where the influence that occurs is positive, on the result of the testing that has been done against the price variable, (X2) against the buy interest variable(Y), where the impact that occures is positive. On the test results that have taken place against the quality variable of the product (X3) against the purchase interest variabel (Y), digital marketing, price and quality of the products individually or jointly have a positive influence on the coffee shopping interest in the coffee shop in Karasemang district.

Analyzing on Luckin Coffee's Success in 2023 Based on the Marketing Mix Theory of 4Vs

The coffee market in China has experienced notable changes due to rapid technological progress and changing consumer preferences. Luckin Coffee has emerged as a leader in this industry. This study aims to evaluate Luckin Coffee's achievements in 2023 using the Marketing Mix Theory of 4Vs as an analytical framework. It will investigate the operational tactics and marketing initiatives that have contributed to the brand's success in China's competitive coffee industry. This paper examines Luckin Coffee's business strategy, product innovation, co-branding initiatives, and dedication to sustainability to reveal how the company has successfully managed rapid expansion while improving the customer experience and operational efficiency. This article demonstrates that Luckin Coffee's strategy emphasis on market distinctiveness, adding value, and establishing brand resonance with consumers has not only led to its impressive expansion but has also established novel benchmarks for retail innovation in the coffee sector. This paper provides a concise overview of the decisions and actions taken by Luckin Coffee in 2023 regarding their variation strategy, value strategy, and vibration strategy. It also offers pertinent recommendations to Luckin Coffee in these three areas, providing valuable insights for both scholars and professionals on how to effectively utilize technology and strategic marketing to attain sustainable growth and establish dominance in the market.

Diagnosis Penyakit Tanaman Kopi Robusta Menggunakan Metode Dempster Shafer Berbasis Sistem Pakar

Robusta coffee is a coffee variety that has unique characteristics, a strong taste and a different level of bitterness from Arabica coffee because Robusta coffee contains lower sugar and 2.2% more caffeine than Arabica coffee so that Robusta coffee production is quite helpful for the economy. several coffee producing countries in the world. The quality and productivity of coffee plants can decrease due to several factors such as pests and disease. However, the limitations of experts regarding coffee plant diseases are a factor and obstacle. The aim of this research is to create an expert-based intelligent system to identify pests and diseases in robusta coffee plants. The method that will be applied is Dempster Shafer. Data on disease names amounted to 13 and data on symptoms amounted to 27. The final result was that Robusta coffee plants were tested for expertise on the system with an average accuracy of diagnosis results of 94% from 13 test cases on pests and diseases of coffee plants, so it can be concluded that the system Experts can diagnose coffee plant pests and diseases very well using the Dempster Shafer method

A Comprehensive Bibliometric Study in the Context of Chemical Hazards in Coffee.

The research aimed to carefully review the chemical hazards linked to the coffee production chain to analyse the risks and opportunities for consumers and the environment, as well as identify potential knowledge gaps. The Scopus database was consulted from 1949 to April 2024 to conduct a bibliometric analysis. As a result, 680 articles were analysed. Results indicated a significant increase in research activity since 2015. China, Brazil, and the USA were the leading countries in scientific production and collaborations. The most prolific journals in this field were Chemosphere, Science of the Total Environment, Food Chemistry, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, and Journal of Environmental Management, all of which are in the first quartile. The word analysis revealed two main themes: the first focuses on the chemical hazards of coffee and their impact on health, while the second explores the waste generated during coffee production and its potential for reuse. The topics covered in the research include the composition of coffee, associated chemical hazards, possible health risks, and ways to reuse waste for environmental protection. Future research should concentrate on optimising techniques and processes to ensure quality, safety, and sustainability.

Time and Workload Analysis to Determine Total Labor in the Arabica Coffee Harvesting Process

Farmers verify ripe coffee cherries, pick them individually, and place them in the harvest basket in the coffee harvesting process. This task typically takes 7-8 hours. During harvesting, farmers experience a physical workload that impacts their work capacity. This research aims to measure the qualitative and quantitative workload levels of the coffee harvesting process, determine the working time based on the farmers' Human Output Capacity, and calculate the total number of daily workers needed to achieve daily coffee production targets. The determination of the number of daily workers is based on the work capacity of the farmers. Farmers were categorized into two age groups: productive age (30-40 years) and non-productive age (50-60 years). Data observed included heart rate during harvest, heart rate calibration data, subjects' body characteristics, and coffee productivity. The results showed that the heaviest workload, related to verifying ripe cherries, fell into the medium category, with an energy consumption level of 3,370 Kcal per minute. The optimal working time for the coffee harvesting process is 6 hours for workers of productive age and 4 hours for workers of non-productive age. To meet production targets, 9 workers of productive age and 10 workers of non-productive age are required.

Dietary Intake of Minerals and Potential Human Exposure to Toxic Elements via Coffee Consumption.

In this study, we investigated the levels of macro, minor, and trace elements in roasted ground and instant coffees (n = 56). We assessed dietary mineral intake and health risks associated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) using deterministic and probabilistic approaches. The limits of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.13 µg/kg for Be to 3.7 mg/kg for K, with corresponding limits of quantification (LOQ) at 0.43 µg/kg and 12.2 mg/kg. The recovery values (R%) ranged from 89 to 107%. The most abundant element was K, followed by Mg, Ca, and Na. Other elements followed this order: Fe > Mn > B > Cu > Sr > Zn > Al > Ba > Ni > Cr > Co > Se > Sn > Pb > Li > Ag > V > As > Cd > Hg > Be. Instant coffees generally exhibited higher K, Mg, and Na levels than ground-roasted coffees. Notably, Hg, Li, and Se were not detected in 34, 2, and 1 samples, respectively. Coffee samples were generally a good source of dietary elements such as Cu, Mn, Cr, and Se. The PTEs found in coffee products posed negligible risks to human health. The total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) remained below 1, and the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) did not exceed the threshold of 1 × 10-6. Nevertheless, coffee consumption contributed to Pb and As levels below 15% of the benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL) values, and Sn, Hg, and Cd levels below 0.90% of the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI).

Exportaciones del café mexicano a los mercados estadounidense y alemán

Among the agricultural export chains, the coffee chain represents one of the oldest in Mexico compared to those of berries, avocados, floriculture and horticulture. In recent decades, this chain has gone through a series of problems in different links, for example pests, climate changes or volatile prices. Competitiveness in foreign markets is key to guide the future production and commercialization of Mexican coffee, which is why it is necessary to know the target markets, their trends and the position that the product currently has compared to its competitors. Through the indicators of revealed comparative advantage and constant market participation, the hypothesis that Mexican coffee needs to change its market strategy, focus on quality and reorient itself towards new markets is tested. It is detected that the competitiveness in the main market, wich is the United States, is low, in addition the characteristics of consumption do not benefit Mexican coffee. In contrast, the German market represents a good opportunity, especially for quality coffees of Arabica species (Coffea arabica) such as: Typica, Bourbón, Garnica, Geisha and Caturra. In addition, these coffees are characterized by generating a greater economic benefit for the producers.

Pengaruh Social media Marketing Terhadap Brand Awareness Followers Instagram Kopi Daong Bogor

Impact of Social media and Business Communication to Increase awareness of a brand based on Business Communication helps to make easy communication to reach customers through Social media. Therefore, social media marketing has a good role in being able to make a Brand Awareness of the followers of social media accounts. As a new cafe that competes in the coffee shop field, Kopi Daong carries out promotions by introducing menus through its Instagram account. This can create its own brand awareness for Daong Coffee for its followers on Instagram. The purpose of this study was to determine how much influence social media marketing has on the brand awareness of Kopi Daong consumers in Bogor. This study uses a quantitative method, with purposive sampling of 100 respondents from Kopi Daong's Instagram followers. The measurement in this study uses a Likert scale through the distribution of the Google Form Online Survey. The results of the overall research conducted, the researchers concluded that the instrument in this study was valid with a value of 0.863. Other findings stated that it was quite strong with a result of 75.6% Social media Marketing Instagram carried out by Kopi Daong could have a positive effect on Brand Awareness so that the suggestions that were expected to be useful for Kopi Daong's Social media Marketing to build Brand Awareness and should be made more creative than in terms of digital content, so that Kopi Daong's Instagram followers can grow and be loyal to Bogor Daong Coffee Products.

Influence of fertigation on soil-plant nutrition and crop productivity of shade grown Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) in India

Coffee in Western Ghats grown under shade, soils are enriched with all the nutrients except phosphorus. The areas receive high rainfall, which leads to leaching loss and surface runoff of applied nutrients causing low fertilizer use efficiency. Improved agronomic practices are essential to address these issues. Fertigation is one such practice, having the potential to reduce extra chemical load by improving nutrient use efficiency. Hence, an attempt was made to study the impact of long-term fertigation on soil-plant nutrition and productivity of Robusta coffee. The trial was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six treatments and four replications. Data on yield parameters and coffee yield indicated that significantly higher total number of nodes/branches, number of bearing nodes/branches, number of fruits/branches and coffee yield (49.1, 35.0, 758, and 2117 kg ha−1, respectively) were recorded in fertigation block supplied with 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) as water soluble fertilizer (WSF) which were statistically on par with 75% RDF (44.1, 29.4, 679, and 1821 kg ha−1, respectively). Similarly, higher major, secondary, and micro-nutrient content were noticed in leaf with fertigation at 75 and 100% RDF and also it was observed that, leaf Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K) content played a highly significant role in increasing coffee yield. The study results revealed that the quantum of N, P, and K fertilizer requirement could be brought down to the tune of 25% through fertigation as compared to the conventional soil application.

Tracking Trace Elements Found in Coffee and Infusions of Commercially Available Coffee Products Marketed in Poland.

Coffee is a source of micronutrients, including iron, zinc, copper, and manganese. It may also contain toxic metals, such as lead and cadmium. The effects of coffee on the human body may vary depending on its composition. The objective of this study was to assess the quality of ground and instant coffee with regard to the content of selected trace elements. The concentrations of trace elements, including copper, iron, manganese, and zinc, were determined by ICP-AES, while the levels of lead and cadmium were quantified by GF-AAS methods. Furthermore, the degree of coverage of the recommended intake of elements and the risk assessment for human health (EDI, THQ, PTMI, and TWI) were determined. Our findings indicate that the consumption of a cup of coffee provides the body with only small amounts of these elements. A coffee prepared from 6.33 g of ground coffee beans provides 0.08-1.52% of the RDA value, while a coffee prepared from 6.33 g of instant coffee provides 0.46-13.01% of the RDA, depending on the microelement. The low transfer to the brew (Pb = 7.1%; Cd = 30.0%) of the analyzed ground coffees renders them safe for the consumer, even at a consumption of six cups per day. The percentage of benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL0.1) in the case of lead did not exceed 0.9%. The estimated value did not exceed 0.2% of the provisional tolerable monthly intake of cadmium (PTMI). None of the analyzed coffees exhibited any risk regarding the trace elements.

Paths to internalizing technologies aimed at socio-environmental sustainability and women empowerment in coffee production: case study of “Fair Trade” certification

Paths to internalizing technologies aimed at socio-environmental sustainability and women empowerment in coffee production: case study of “Fair Trade” certification

Analisis Peluang dan Ancaman Perdagangan Bahan Pangan serta Kebijakan untuk Mengatasinya: Studi Kasus Indonesia dan Thailand

This research examines the potential for Indonesian agricultural exports to Thailand in the context of ASEAN trade. The analysis focuses on the comparative advantages of the two countries in key agricultural commodities such as rice, corn, sugar, palm oil and coffee. Production and export data for 2022 shows that Indonesia is ahead in palm oil and coffee production, while Thailand is dominant in rice and sugar exports. The 2021-2023 trade balance of both countries shows a deficit, with Thailand experiencing a much larger deficit. Despite facing challenges such as price fluctuations, climate and trade regulations, Indonesia has the opportunity to increase its agricultural exports to Thailand by improving production efficiency and product quality.

Optimized Walking Route Method for Precision Coffee Farming

Coffee production has become increasingly technified in order to optimize the use of inputs and the sustainable use of natural resources. In this context, one way that farmers are investing in their coffee plantations is in the use of precision agriculture techniques, termed precision coffee farming. Over the last few years, research has been conducted to facilitate the application of this technology, and sampling grids with two points per hectare have been recommended by several studies. These georeferenced demarcations in a plot are generally shaped as equidistant squares or rectangles, and the sampling points are located at the centers of these areas. Coffee farmers typically plant their crops following the level line, which greatly hinders the navigation of equidistant points within the field. Thus, the objective of this study was to develop an optimized walking route method to reduce the distance for sampling soil, leaf, and yield attributes. The experimental plots were established in 2000 at Samambaia Farm, located in Santo Antônio do Amparo, Minas Gerais, Brazil, with coffee the cultivar Acaia IAC 479-19, totaling 56.65 ha. The 111 sampling points were distributed in the land following the new method proposed in this study, and, after walking simulations using Farm Works Mapping Software, the new method was compared with the conventional method using the mean displacement between points. The new optimized walking routes method reduced the mean distance traveled to sample the points by 50.1%.

Changes in the economics of coffee production between 2008 and 2019: a tale of two Central American countries

Increasing costs of coffee production relative to coffee prices has led to concern across the industry of lack of profitability of coffee production especially for smallholders who comprise a large majority of producers. This study compares coffee production costs and income over a decadal interval of 2008 versus 2019 for coffee farmers in some of the main coffee growing regions of Costa Rica and Guatemala. Costs and income were collected by farmer recall using a standard questionnaire with trained research surveyors. Net income as assessed by EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) increased by about 30% in Costa Rica, but declined to a third of its 2008 level in Guatemala. Agronomic costs of production per hectare increased by 31% in Costa Rica and 62% in Guatemala, mostly due to increased labor costs (higher daily wage rates), while fertilizer usage increased but unit costs remained stable. Gross income was stable in Guatemala but increased in Costa Rica due to receiving significantly higher prices for their coffee in 2019 compared to 2008, while in Guatemala prices declined. Nevertheless, the response was not uniform between farms in Costa Rica while high and medium productivity groupings of farms had higher EBITDA, low and very low productivity farms experienced a decline similar to Guatemala. The difference in performance of farm groups in Costa Rica was due to a decline in production per hectare of the lower productivity group; while the difference between Guatemala and Costa Rica was firstly due to price differences, and secondarily due to lower productivity of some farm groups. The investment of Costa Rican farmers was undoubtedly supported by the substantially increased price received by farmers (as compared to Guatemala), reflected in the increase in export price of coffee from Costa Rica relative to Guatemala. This shows the importance of farmers receiving higher prices for their produce in enabling them to cover increasing production costs, invest in increasing productivity and maintain profitability.