Code Scanning Research Articles

Value from health data: European opportunity to catalyse progress in digital health

Value from health data: European opportunity to catalyse progress in digital health

Detection of Forgery and Fabrication in Passports and Visas using Cryptography and QR Codes

In this paper, we present a novel solution to detect forgery and fabrication in passports and visas using cryptography and QR codes. The solution requires that the passport and visa issuing authorities obtain a cryptographic key pair and publish their public key on their website. Further they are required to encrypt the passport or visa information with their private key, encode the ciphertext in a QR code and print it on the passport or visa they issue to the applicant. The issuing authorities are also required to create a mobile or desktop QR code scanning app and place it for download on their website or Google Play Store and iPhone App Store. Any individual or immigration uthority that needs to check the passport or visa for forgery and fabrication can scan its QR code, which will decrypt the ciphertext encoded in the QR code using the public key stored in the app memory and displays the passport or visa information on the app screen. The details on the app screen can be compared with the actual details printed on the passport or visa. Any mismatch between the two is a clear indication of forgery or fabrication. Discussed the need for a universal desktop and mobile app that can be used by immigration authorities and consulates all over the world to enable fast checking of passports and visas at ports of entry for forgery and fabrication

SMART PRESENSI MENGGUNAKAN QR CODE DENGAN SECURE HASH ALGORITHM 2 (SHA-2)

This research was motivated by problems during the process of attendance at the Mid-Semester Examination (UTS) and Final Semester Examination (UAS). The problem begins when the student attendance process is still manual and not online or connected to the database. This study aims to determine the online student attendance system so that exam supervisors no longer give signatures on student exam cards so that the exam runs well and efficiently. The data that will be used are student data taken when the administrator fills in the student detail data. The system design made is by using a QR Code Scanner and data encryption using the SHA 512 method. Using this application system includes the QR Code Scanning process, inserting a QR Code into the student exam card. Then the smart phone application is used as a QR Code scanner. The test used to give a test the feasibility of the system in this study is to use system error level testing, black box testing and the presence of QR Code testing in certain cases. In the testing that has been done, it can be concluded that the Smart Presensi application can make it easier to do attendance and student attendance data recapitulation because the system application is directly connected to the database.

Aadhar Arogya: Integrated Electronic Health Record as an Aid in Bridging the Gap between Individual Health and Public Health in India – A Review

Aadhar card is an Indian Government ID card that is issued to all Indian residents. It is one of the largestbiometric databases in the world with over 1.28 billion enrollments thereby constituting the most ubiquitousID card in India. With the additional features of QR code and biometric scanning, it forms an ideal databaseto be linked with the electronic health record. The health records of an individual currently in India is beingmaintained by the individuals. But most often they are misplaced, disorganized, incomplete or lost. Thiswould force the clinician to assume or ascertain the current medical status by subjecting the individualto tests. Improving the quality of the medical and dental services rendered paves way for an integratedelectronic health record. The common concerns arising from such a linkage is data management and datasecurity. Big data management provides a systematic approach to maintaining such large data. The datasecurity concerns can be addressed by employing a data controller in every hospital and a cell to informthe security breach, who can further take up legal penalties. Pseudonymisation, cryptography, audit trial,firewall, antivirus software, and cloud computing are some techniques that can be incorporated.

Database application based on quick response method in Subulussalam Aceh

Customers are a very important part of the sustainability of a company. The PT. PLN (Persero) is a state electricity company in Indonesia. It has many customers in the Subulussalam district. This study aims to design a customer data management system for PT. PLN (Persero) using the QR code scanner. The method used in this system uses a use case diagram and waterfall model. The database design uses the Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) model. The system implementation uses PHP as the system interface and MySQL as its database. By scanning the QR code on the customer's meter so the officer can find out the customer's identity number and data. The system test results show that field officers can access customer data in realtime so that the information obtained becomes faster and more accurate.

Implementation of Cryptographic Algorithm in Dynamic QR Code Payment System and Its Performance

QR code payment plays an indispensable role in the mobile payment market, and the security of scanning codes has always been a problem in the field of information security. Static QR codes are easily copied and replaced, and there are huge security loopholes. The QR code payment in a closed system still faces security challenges. In order to solve the security problem of QR code payment, we have studied dynamic QR code payment system that supports SM2, SM3, and SM4 cryptographic algorithms, which can realize QR code scanning and scanned transactions, UnionPay cloud QuickPass transactions, etc., and generate dynamic QR code information in real time during the transaction process, one order and one code. Through dynamic algorithm distribution, the randomness and uniqueness of QR code generation are guaranteed, and it is suitable for multi-scene application transactions. The algorithm correctness test result shows that the system has achieved the expected effect. The performance test results show that the hardware of the security module implements the algorithm flow and improves the payment performance. Compared with some other algorithms, the processing time is shorter, the running speed is faster, and the system is more secure.

On the Main Problems and Countermeasures of Green Travel in Wuhan

At present, the main problems of green travel in Wuhan are as follows: serious segmentation, insufficient promotion of green new energy vehicles, single way of QR code scanning, low public participation, etc. In order to solve these problems and further improve the green travel rate and air quality in Wuhan, the following countermeasures need to be adopted: improving the top-level design, strengthening tax relief and financial support, establishing a market-oriented incentive mechanism, developing green public transport, regularly making statistics and releasing relevant data of green travel, strengthening the education and publicity of green travel, etc.

A High-throughput, Robotic System for Analysis of Aerosol Sampling Filters.

The determination of accumulated mass on filter-based aerosol samples is the basis for many forms of scientific research and regulatory monitoring of air quality. However, gravimetric analysis of air sampling filters is tedious, time-intensive, and prone to human error. This work describes the development of an Automated Air Analysis Facility (AIRLIFT) for high-throughput gravimetric mass and optical black carbon measurements of filter-based aerosol samples. The AIRLIFT consists of a sealed environmental enclosure, a 6-axis articulating robotic arm, a programmable control system, a filter weighing apparatus, and an optical system for the determination of aerosol black carbon via light attenuation. The system actively monitors microbalance stability and chamber relative humidity. Digital imaging and QR code scanning support sample tracking and data logging. Performance metrics for temperature and humidity control and weight stability were found to meet or exceed minimum requirements set forth by the US Environmental Protection Agency. The AIRLIFT is capable of analyzing approximately 260 filters per day while reducing the required personnel time by a factor of ~4.

Code Based Proficient Transactions Based on QR Code with Biometric Authentication

Now a days the security dangers in the online ex-changes, ATM money withdrawals’ have expanded on a substan-tial scale. Individuals in the country zone are as yet ignorant of these dangers are as yet encountering many loses. Individuals unconscious of these dangers don't perceive that sharing their ATM PIN number, yet additionally sharing their credit/debit card number and CCV can likewise prompt the getting to of financial balance without their insight. In this way, in this proposed framework it is said that the credit/debit card number and CCV are being supplanted with dynamically produced QR codes. This QR code that is created can't be reproduced or hacked as effec-tively as the current framework. In the present framework OTP is sent to authenticate our transactions. This OTP is additionally added with Bio-metric confirmation like unique finger-print, iris information. This provides an additionally improved verification amid all the ATM exchanges. The execution on the above framework is basic as all the financial accounts are now linked with Aadhar card. And this can be implementing the QR code scanner alongside unique finger-print scanner and iris scanner in later stages. This never enables the unapproved clients to access or make any installments without the respective of the account holders. This expands the security level and furthermore enables the client to the exchange cash all the more securely. The pro-posed framework improves the security in the exchanges in our everyday life as no ATM withdrawal or Deposit should be possi-ble without the QR code and the Account holder themselves.

A research on the QR code security awareness in Ankara

İlk olarak 1994 yılında üretim alanında kullanılmaya başlayan QR kodlar (Quick Response Code - Kare Kod) günümüzde mobil cihazların QR kod okuyucu olarak kullanımı ile hayatın birçok alanına (pazarlama, reklam, nesne tanımlama, ürün izleme vb.) yayılmıştır. Popülaritesi gün geçtikçe artan QR kodların bu denli sık kullanımına karşın, (i) kullanıcılar arasında herhangi bir güvenlik açığı algısı yaratmaması ve aksine merak uyandırması, (ii) QR koda kaydedilebilen veri miktarının azımsanmayacak kadar fazla (saldırı düzenlemek için yeterli) olması QR kodu saldırılara hedef haline getirmiştir. Zararlı kod çalıştırılması, güvenli olmayan web adreslerine yönlendirme, kullanıcıların gizliliğinin ihlal edilmesi gibi birçok güvenlik problemi ve riski mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada toplumsal yaşamda bireylerin QR kodların olası güvenlik zafiyetleri ve yaratacağı sorunlar hakkındaki farkındalık seviyelerinin tespit edilmesi üzerine Ankara ilinde bir sosyal deney yapılmıştır. Teknolojiyi takip eden ve yeni teknolojilere hızlı adapte olan genç nesil hedef kitle olarak seçilmiş, üç farklı QR kod (Sade, Talimatlı, Resimli) tasarlanarak afişler hazırlanmıştır. QR kod afişlerini taratanların yönlendirildiği çevrim içi anketten elde edilen veriler, kullanıcıların herhangi bir bilgi içermeyen QR kod afişlerini taratma motivasyonlarının esas olarak merak duygusundan ileri geldiğini göstermiş ve hedef kitlenin potansiyel tehditler ve kendilerini koruma yolları hakkında bilgi eksikliğine sahip oldukları sonucuna varılmıştır.

Redundant and Flexible Pseudorandom Optical Rotary Encoder

Optical encoders are mainly used in modern motion servo systems for high-resolution and reliable position and velocity feedback. Pseudorandom optical rotary encoders are single-track and use a serial pseudorandom binary code to measure absolute position. The realization and analysis of such a rotary encoder with advanced code scanning and error detection techniques, as well as an improved redundancy in operation, are presented. A presented serial code reading solution uses two phase-shifted code tracks and two optical encoder modules. So, the realized encoder, hybrid in nature, provides “output on demand” and more or less reliable position information using very efficient error checking. Compared to a standard absolute encoder, this encoder requires a smaller code disc, facilitates installation, has greater flexibility in operation, and is less sensitive to external influences.

Enabling human–infrastructure interfaces for inspection using augmented reality

Decaying infrastructure maintenance cost allocation depends heavily on accurate and safe inspection in the field. New tools to conduct inspections can assist in prioritizing investments in maintenance and repairs. The industrial revolution termed as “Industry 4.0” is based on the intelligence of machines working with humans in a collaborative workspace. Contrarily, infrastructure management has relied on the human for making day-to-day decisions. New emerging technologies can assist during infrastructure inspections, to quantify structural condition with more objective data. However, today’s owners agree in trusting the inspector’s decision in the field over data collected with sensors. If data collected in the field is accessible during the inspections, the inspector decisions can be improved with sensors. New research opportunities in the human–infrastructure interface would allow researchers to improve the human awareness of their surrounding environment during inspections. This article studies the role of Augmented Reality (AR) technology as a tool to increase human awareness of infrastructure in their inspection work. The domains of interest of this research include both infrastructure inspections (emphasis on the collection of data of structures to inform management decisions) and emergency management (focus on the data collection of the environment to inform human actions). This article describes the use of a head-mounted device to access real-time data and information during their field inspection. The authors leverage the use of low-cost smart sensors and QR code scanners integrated with Augmented Reality applications for augmented human interface with the physical environment. This article presents a novel interface architecture for developing Augmented Reality–enabled inspection to assist the inspector’s workflow in conducting infrastructure inspection works with two new applications and summarizes the results from various experiments. The main contributions of this work to computer-aided community are enabling inspectors to visualize data files from database and real-time data access using an Augmented Reality environment.

Online Food Ordering System for College Canteen

The aim of the online food ordering for the college canteen is to automate the current manual system with the help of electronic equipment and full-fledged computer software, fulfilling their needs, so their valuable data will be kept for an extended amount with straightforward accessing and manipulation of identical. Basically, the paper describes how to manage for an excellent presentation and higher services for the clients. In our proposed system we are using Raspberry Pi controller, quick response (QR) code scanner, LCD, and Wi-Fi. Raspberry Pi is the main controlling element in the paper.

A New Visual Cryptography-Based QR Code System for Medication Administration

In health care, medication errors can result in serious health risks to patients, and hospitals require a secure medication administration system to prevent such errors. This paper therefore proposes a secure medication administration method based on threshold sharing technology. When a patient visits a doctor and the doctor prescribes n medications, a photo and the personal information of the patient are encoded into n QR code transparencies that can be decoded by common QR code scanners available for smartphones. The prescription and n QR code transparencies are then stored in a hospital’s medication administration system. When the patient receives their medicine, they can scan these n QR code transparencies using a smartphone to ensure that they have all the medicines prescribed by the doctor; this function is accessible even if the patient’s phone does not have Internet access. The main purpose of the proposed system is to prevent hospitals from giving medicine to the wrong patient, or giving less than the prescribed dosage of medicine to the patient. The focus is not on the internal medicine packaging process in hospitals but on reducing the probability of counter staff giving medicine to the wrong patient. This function is of considerable importance to non-English-speaking people who are not used to reading medicine names in English.

Authentic Drug Usage and Tracking with Blockchain Using Mobile Apps

<span>Tracking drugs became more difficult using the centralized architecture. Decentralized architecture using blockchain technology overcomes the difficulties faced by the centralized network like availability and recovery. Avoiding duplicate or fake drugs created by fake manufacturers is a big challenge in the centralized network. Authentic stock is managed and the supply chain is tracked efficiently using this blockchain technology. This is addressed by using the smart contract which helps to track the movement of drugs from manufacturer to supplier, supplier to the reseller, reseller to pharmacies and finally pharmacies to patient. By default, duplicate drugs or fake drugs are completely avoided by using the blockchain technology. Patients buy drugs without any prescription and it creates a lot of problems in real life. So, Patients cannot buy drugs without authenticated doctor’s prescriptions with the help of a QR Code scanner attached with the prescription which will be implemented using a mobile application and cannot buy excess drugs which might lose someone’s life. With the help of inventory management, the maximum limit of drugs to avoid overdose and pharmacies cannot sell those overdose drugs. Consulting a doctor before buying a drug for even a simple illness is important and it is tracked by using prescriptions provided by authentic doctors. In this project, these challenges are addressed using the smart contract which is written in solidity language and runs on a public ethereum network.</span>

Generating Photomosaics with QR Code Capability

A photomosaic is an image with two layers of visual information, including an overarching image that can be seen from a distance and a matrix of individual tile images when examined closely. This paper presents a method for generating photomosaics with an additional layer of quick response code (QR code) information that can be accessed by typical QR code scanners in cell phones. The basic idea is to carefully classify the tile images in different categories and generate the photomosaic patches by referring to the properties of QR code modules. Three levels of construction methods for generating the proposed photomosaics in different image resolutions are proposed. The results show that the generated photomosaics have good visual quality and high robustness for decoding the QR code. The proposed method endows conventional photomosaics with the QR code capability. It extends photomosaics from exhibiting purely visual information to the linkage of multimedia data. Furthermore, it increases the feasibility and potential of applying photomosaics in diverse applications, such as activity promotions or commercial product advertisements.

Influence of incentive frames on offline-to-online interaction of outdoor advertising

This research explores how incentive frames influence offline-to-online interaction in outdoor advertising, via a field study. We focus on three factors of incentive framing: call to action, definiteness, and incentive forms in order to identify the most effective ways to design incentives for outdoor interactive advertisements. In this study, the offline-to-online interaction process for outdoor advertisements is divided into three steps: QR code scanning, clicking, and registration. The findings demonstrate that call to action influences all three steps of offline-to-online interaction, and positive framing of the call to action stimulates increased interactions. In regard to definiteness, indefinite forms of incentive in the offline advertisements elicit a higher rate of QR code scanning and clicking compared with definite incentive forms. The interactive effect of definiteness and incentive forms is significant: when the incentive offered in outdoor advertising is indefinite, discounts have a stronger effect than gifts; in contrast, when the incentive is definite, the opposite occurs. On the basis of these findings, three managerial insights are proposed: (1) selection of positive framing for call to action; (2) the use of indefinite incentives in offline advertisement to trigger the audience's curiosity; (3) the application of appropriate forms of incentive according to specific scenarios.

Self‐activated persistent luminescence from Ba2Zr2Si3O12for information storage

AbstractTill now, many doped persistent luminescence (PersL) phosphors have been investigated and found various applications in such as bioimaging, photocatalysis and information storage, but introducing PersL emitters into a proper host is mostly complex. In this research, a self‐activated PersL phosphor Ba2Zr2Si3O12(BZSO) is prepared by solid state reaction. By adding NH4Cl, the self‐activated PersL intensity is evidently enhanced. The trap depths and concentrations are examined by thermoluminescence spectra. Meanwhile, Bi3+ions are introduced into BZSO and show wide band photoluminescence (PL) from 300 to 600 nm. Moreover, the PL of Bi3+is tunable under excitation by 265‐350 nm lights. Furthermore, as a proof‐of‐concept design, we designed a patterned quick response (QR) code based on the self‐activated PersL of BZSO, and the information of “South China University of Technology (SCUT)” can be read out by the code scanning technology. Bi3+‐doped BZSO phosphors are suggested to provide potential applications in information storage by its self‐activated PersL, and to excite researchers to study the tunable PL in Bi3+‐doped phosphor.

Analysis of multiple mycotoxins-contaminated wheat by a smart analysis platform

This study describes a smart analysis platform capable of quantitative measurements using a multiplex lateral flow strip. Using the multi-mycotoxin strip, five fungal toxins were simultaneously and quantitatively detected in naturally contaminated wheat. First, a matrix-based standard curve was established for the detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), fumonisin B1 (FB1), T-2, deoxynivalenol (DON), and zearalenone (ZEN). Established on an open android system, the platform is able to read 6 lines on the strip simultaneously. The platform is equipped with a Quick Response code scanning model, which reads the established standard curves, and then rapidly quantify mycotoxins in naturally contaminated wheat. All the data and sample information are stored on a central server through the platform which is linked to the cloud. The limits of detection (LOD) for AFB1, FB1, T-2, DON, and ZEN in wheat were 4, 20, 10, 200, and 40 μg/kg and the visual cut off values was 20, 1000, 200, 4000, and 400 μg/kg, separately. To validate the platform and the multi-mycotoxin detection method, 10 wheat samples were analyzed and the results were in a good agreement with those obtained by LC-MS/MS. The platform will be a powerful tool for crop monitoring services.

Designing Business Models through a Combination of BMC and UML Methods at Eiger Adventure Store Bandung

Eiger Adventure Store Bandung is a company that manufactures outdoor clothing and accessories. The problem with Eiger, related to the lack of activities to educate customers about the difference between original and counterfeit products. Referring to the problems in Eiger, the purpose of this study is to design a Business Model Canvas (BMC), design a business model using the Unified Model Language (UML), create a User Interface visualization through a MockupMockup. The research method used is qualitative through SWOT support. Referring to the BMC of this research, a new business model recommendation has been produced, namely QR Code Scan. This business model has been described through UML and is visualized with Mock-Up. The UML diagram involved, among them, is the Use Case Diagram, which consists of five actors, namely customers, employees, cashiers, admins, and warehouse employees. The actor interacts on four Use Cases, namely choosing a product, QR Code Scan, Database, and payment. The Class Diagram consists of five main classes: customers, employees, cashiers, admins, and warehouse employees. The process contained in the QR Code Scan is a solution to provide education to customers to be able to distinguish genuine or imitation products.