Professional Codes Of Ethics Research Articles

Analysis of the Application of the Code of Ethics and Criminal Sanctions Against Advocates Receiving Bribery

Indonesia is a constitutional state that upholds justice. Advocates as one of the law enforcement officers who have an important role in maintaining justice and the integration of the legal justice system should not be ethical to accept bribes from any party, but it cannot be denied that there are still unscrupulous advocates who accept bribes and tarnish their professional code of ethics. This study uses a normative juridical method with a statutory approach related to the problem of bribery criminal sanctions against advocates. Advocates who accept bribes not only harm the fundamental principles that underlie the legal system but also damage the entire public's trust in the advocate profession and the justice system as a whole. Sanctions for unscrupulous advocates who accept bribes include revocation of their advocate license, disciplinary action, and criminal sanctions. Bribery in any form is unacceptable and must be eradicated immediately so that justice is protected in the justice system.

Pengaruh Love Of Money, Religiusitas, dan Time Budget Pressure terhadap Persepsi Etis Auditor

Ethics is still a polemic in the world of auditors, especially with the increasing number of ethical cases involving auditors. Many factors can compromise an auditor's ethical perception. This research was conducted to empirically test the influence of love of money and religiosity on auditors, as well as time budget pressure during audit assignments on auditors' ethical perceptions. This research took the population and a sample of 31 respondents in the form of auditors working at Public Accounting Firms in DKI Jakarta using the questionnaire method as the data collection method. In this research, the data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis via SPSS. This research provides results that the love of money variable has a positive influence on auditors' ethical perceptions. These results explain that the higher the love of money an auditor has, the more it will influence the auditor's ethics. The religiosity variable in this study has a positive effect on auditors' ethical perceptions, where these results show that the higher the auditor's level of religiosity, the more ethical the auditor will behave in carrying out his work. The research results for the time budget pressure variable explain that time budget pressure has no influence on auditors' ethical perceptions. These results indicate that pressure on the time budget during an audit engagement does not affect the auditor's ethical behavior in his work. Even though auditors have a limited time budget, they can carry out their work in audit engagements in accordance with a professional code of ethics honestly and with integrity.

Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kualitas Audit Dengan Etika Profesi Sebagai Variabel Moderating

Auditing is one of the fields in accounting. The public accounting profession has an important role in auditing financial reports in an organization and is a profession trusted by the public. From the public accounting profession, the public expects a free and impartial assessment of the information presented by management in financial reports (Mulyadi and Puradireja, 1998). Harjanto (2014) explains that good audit quality can in principle be achieved if auditors apply audit standards and principles, act freely without taking sides, comply with the law and adhere to the professional code of ethics. This research analyzes factors that influence audit quality. The purpose of this research is to test how much audit quality is produced by auditors. The analysis technique uses MRA analysis with a sample of Semarang City KAP auditors.

Notary Responsibility for Loss of Land Title Due to Notary Negligence

This article discusses the notary's responsibility for the loss of land certificates due to the notary's negligence. This research uses normative or literature research methods by analyzing relevant laws and regulations regarding the authority and responsibilities of notaries. The research results show that notaries have civil liability for losses caused by negligence or deliberate action in carrying out their duties. This civil liability includes reimbursement of costs, compensation and interest to the party who feels aggrieved. Notaries also have a professional code of ethics that regulates their duties and responsibilities, including the obligation to safeguard the interests of related parties and act with integrity. In the case of loss of a land title certificate, the notary must be responsible for the documents entrusted and may be subject to civil sanctions if negligence occurs.

Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Perkara Pemberhentian Tidak Dengan Hormat Anggota Polisi (Studi Putusan Nomor: 12/G/2022/PTUN.Srg)

The State Administrative Court is a judicial institution that acts as a supervisor of government administration actions. The State Administrative Court, which is the court of first instance, has the function of examining, deciding, and resolving state administrative cases. One of the cases that falls into the realm of the State Administrative Court is the case of the Banten Regional Police Chief Decree Number: KEP/773/XI/2021 concerning the dishonorable dismissal from the Police service on behalf of Ara Syafana due to a violation of the Police professional code of ethics. This research aims to find out 1) The judge's consideration for determining decision number: 12/G/2022/PTUN.Srg with a case of dishonorable dismissal of a police officer, 2) Legal implications arising from decision number: 12/G/2022/PTUN.Srg. The use of qualitative research as a method of this research which type is normative juridical research and uses a case approach and statutory approach. In data collection techniques using literature studies with data acquisition from various related literature and regulations. The results of this study show that: 1) The entire lawsuit of the plaintiff was rejected by the Panel of Judges on the grounds that the arguments in the lawsuit filed by the plaintiff were not legally sufficient or the legal principles were incorrect and the truth of the arguments was not successfully proven by the plaintiff. 2) The legal implications arising from decision number: 12/G/2022/ PTUN.Srg have a significant impact, both for the plaintiff and for the Police institution. The decision resulted in the plaintiff losing his job as a police officer, losing his status as a police officer which could affect his legal rights and obligations. Of course, this also has an impact on the Police institution where the existence of this case can be a bad image of the police in the eyes of the public. This may affect confidence in the professionalism and integrity of the Police.

GUARDIANS OF THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS, THEIR FUNCTIONS IN THE FORMATION OF THE MEDIA LANDSCAPE

The proposed study examines the complex and multifaceted communication process, as well as the role of the media in shaping public perception, values, and beliefs. Recognizing the power and responsibility of the mass media for percepting the environment, emphasizing the importance of media literacy and critical thinking of information consumers, we propose to comprehend the key functional of specialists who dramatically influence the media landscape development, agenda molding, as well as “information bubbles” creating that can be as favorable for the further development of the society, as inhibiting it. In our opinion guidekeepers, spin-doctors and news-ombudsmen play the key roles among communication specialists. They influence not only the control and filters of the content broadcast, but also the formation of moral principles of media workers in general and the creation of professional ethical codes. Considering, that modern media platforms serve as the means of spreading social, political, cultural ideas, as well as public discourse of various orientations, it is worth actualizing functions of the media (both individual representatives and platforms in general) such as: conscious design and dissemination of information; management of public perception in order to prevent political and economic crises; ensuring honesty, accountability and transparency between the public and representatives of the media community. Particularly these functions the mentioned media persons are able to provide, as despite the different contextual bases, they all play an important role in the process, management and development of ethical principles of communication.

CURATORS ARE VULNERABLE TO BE CRIMINALIZED AND CRIMINATED IN BANKRUPTCY AND PKPU PROCESSES

<p>The Curator is one of the important organs in the debt settlement process between debtors and their creditors through bankruptcy law instruments. Based on Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Postponement of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU), the Curator is given broad and broad duties and powers in managing and settling the assets of a bankrupt debtor. Because since being declared bankrupt by the court, the debtor has lost his right to manage his business and assets. The duties and authorities to administer the business and assets of the bankrupt debtor rest in the hands of the Curator, who works under the supervision of the Supervisory Judge. In carrying out its duties and authorities, the Curator must adhere to the provisions of the Law and the Professional Code of Ethics, namely being independent, having no conflict of interest and not handling more than 3 (three) Bankruptcy and PKPU cases. If in carrying out its duties and authorities it causes damage to the bankrupt assets, then the Curator must be legally responsible. That means, the Curator does not have the right of immunity or impunity in carrying out his duties and authorities to manage and settle bankruptcy assets in accordance with the provisions of the law. The Curator is not a public official. The Curator may be punished if his actions and decisions in administering and settling the bankrupt assets cause harm to the bankrupt assets. However, Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and PKPU does not include criteria for criminal acts and criminal sanctions for Curators. Because of this, Curators are vulnerable to being criminalized and punished.</p><p>The Curator is one of the important organs in the debt settlement process between debtors and their creditors through bankruptcy law instruments. Based on Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Postponement of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU), the Curator is given broad and broad duties and powers in managing and settling the assets of a bankrupt debtor. Because since being declared bankrupt by the court, the debtor has lost his right to manage his business and assets. The duties and authorities to administer the business and assets of the bankrupt debtor rest in the hands of the Curator, who works under the supervision of the Supervisory Judge. In carrying out its duties and authorities, the Curator must adhere to the provisions of the Law and the Professional Code of Ethics, namely being independent, having no conflict of interest and not handling more than 3 (three) Bankruptcy and PKPU cases. If in carrying out its duties and authorities it causes damage to the bankrupt assets, then the Curator must be legally responsible. That means, the Curator does not have the right of immunity or impunity in carrying out his duties and authorities to manage and settle bankruptcy assets in accordance with the provisions of the law. The Curator is not a public official. The Curator may be punished if his actions and decisions in administering and settling the bankrupt assets cause harm to the bankrupt assets. However, Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and PKPU does not include criteria for criminal acts and criminal sanctions for Curators. Because of this, Curators are vulnerable to being criminalized and punished.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p>

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RADIOGRAPHER'S CODE OF CONDUCT BASED ON THE DECREE OF THE MINISTER OF HEALTH NO 375 TAHUN 2007 IN THE RADIOLOGY ROOM

Radiographers are health workers who are assigned, authorized and responsible by authorized officials to carry out radiographic and imaging activities in the Health Service unit. Increasingly increasing public demand for the quality of health services in the field of radiology requires that every radiographer work professionally. In addition, in carrying out their duties and functions, Indonesian radiographers are required to comply with applicable laws and professional ethics, so an analysis of the application of a radiographer's code of ethics is required as stated in the Decree of the Minister of Health No. 375 of 2007 (Menteri Kesehatan, 2007). Bhayangkara Hospital in Semarang City has goals to be achieved, including upholding the ethics of Islamic hospitals, carrying out a regular and sustainable self-evaluation process and so on. The approach method used is sociological juridical and the research specification used is analytical descriptive. The juridical aspects studied were the legal provisions regarding the Radiographer Professional Code of Ethics and the constraints encountered in carrying out its application in the radiography room at Bhayangkara Hospital, Semarang City. The sociological aspect studied was the radiographer's response regarding the application of the radiographer's professional code of ethics in the radiology room of the RSI Semarang city. The results of this research are the outcome plan for publication in national scientific journals

Impact of Familiarity with the Accountant Professional Code of Ethics on Ethical Behavior among Students

The objective of this research is to ascertain the degree to which comprehension of the professional accountant's code of ethics impacts the ethical conduct of pupils. This research employs an associative descriptive technique, using a quantitative approach. The research data was collected by administering questionnaires to three universities: Widyatama University, Padjadjaran University, and Bandung Islamic University. A total of 52 students participated in the study, and the sampling approach used was simple random sampling. SPSS 24.0 software is used for conducting hypothesis testing. The findings indicated that the comprehension of the professional accountant's code of ethics had a favorable and substantial impact on the ethical conduct of PPAK students in Bandung.

Penyelesaian Pelanggaran Kode Etik Profesi Bagi Anggota Kepolisian Yang Melakukan Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan (Studi Kasus Pada Polda Maluku)

Introduction: The National Police is an agency that protects public safety, but now many people are caught committing acts that disturb security and even abuse the community. The existence of these violations adds to the long black list of increasing violations of discipline and the code of ethics committed by members of the National Police.Purposes of the Research: know the procedures for the judicial process and settlement of violations of the Professional Code of Ethics against members of the Ambon City Police who commit criminal acts of persecution. As well as to find out the form of sanctions against members of the Ambon City Police who committed criminal acts of persecutionMethods of the Research: The type of research used in this study is empirical juridical. The research location is the Maluku Regional Police. The population is the entire research unit that will be examined and then analyzed.Results of the Research: There is a Court Decision No.29/Pid.B/2021/PN.Amb which handed down the TK Iptu with criminal decisions and other cases of abuse committed by the TK Iptu. Disciplinary Sanctions that do not cause a deterrent effect and the implementation of the KKEP trial have followed the procedures as in Police Regulation Number 7 of 2022 concerning the Professional Code of Ethics and the Code of Ethics Commission, so the KKEP Decision (Professional Code of Ethics Commission) in the case of PTDH examined Iptu Kindergarten is in accordance with procedures within the National Police as well as in a code of ethics hearing by the Professional Code of Ethics Commission (KKEP) decided that the Iptu TK was dismissed with a dishonorable discharge decision (PTDH). The violators are now making an appeal by submitting it to the appeals commission and are currently in the administrative process.

The concept of personal responsibility in Bulgarian health and social legislation

Abstract Background In the context of scarce health care resources, national policies and legislation increasingly advocate patients’ personal responsibility for their ill health. This report aims at studying the concept of personal responsibility as a basis for resources prioritisation in Bulgarian health and social legislation. Methods Official normative documents were subjected to content and comparative analysis. Results Indirect personal responsibility can be found in the Bulgarian Health Act, Art.94 stating the duty of the patient to take care of his own health. Further, in the liver transplant algorithm of the Recipient Selection Ordinance, it is possible to distinguish a hidden criterion of patient's responsibility. One possible interpretation of Article 12 of the Code of Professional Ethics of Physicians in Bulgaria is the right of a physician to refuse medical care on the grounds of lack of trust due to patient's non-compliance with prescriptions. The latter correlates with the idea of prospective responsibility. Direct personal retrospective responsibility is imputed in the Health Insurance Act, Art. 111, where persons who themselves have damaged their health or in a state of alcoholic intoxication or drug abuse have damaged the health of others, must reimburse the costs of the NHIF. We also find clearly defined personal responsibility in the Social Security Code, Art. 46, according to which monetary compensation for temporary incapacity is not paid to insured persons who intentionally damage their health. There is no official data on the applicability of these legal norms. Conclusions Although in a less categorical form and not in relation to access to specific planned treatments, the idea of the personal responsibility is embodied in the Bulgarian legislation. It is necessary to accumulate further data on the applicability of these norms, as well as to study the views of patients, users of social services, professionals and general public. Key messages • Personal responsibility is gradually entering Bulgarian legislation as an official criterion for the allocation of social and health resources. • It is necessary to accumulate further data on the applicability of the prescribed legal norms, as well as to study the views of patients, users of social services, professionals and general public.

The Effect Of Subjective Norms, Competence And Professional Code Of Ethics In Increasing Job Satisfaction Through The Mediation Of Motivation Variables In The Professional Association Of The Indonesia Architecture Link

In an organization, employee job satisfaction is an important factor in the management of human resources so it must be optimized, because job satisfaction determines the success of the organization's strategic goals and is able to contribute economically. Job satisfaction in an organization needs to be improved considering the current level of competition which is also getting tighter, so it is quite important to conduct research on the factors that affect the job satisfaction of architects. This research aims to analyze and explain the influence of competence on architect's motivation and the influence of professional code of ethics, competence, subjective norms and architect's motivation on architect's job satisfaction. This research uses an explanatory survey method approach with a questionnaire as a primary data collection tool online through google form. The research was conducted on May 20, 2023 until the Questionnaire was distributed to 100 members of the IAI Professional Association-Indonesian Architects Association. Multivariate statistical method namely Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to answer the research hypothesis. The results of the research prove that competence has a positive influence on motivation, competence has a positive influence on job satisfaction, subjective norms have a significant influence on Job Satisfaction and Motivation has a significant influence on Job Satisfaction. While the professional code of ethics does not have a significant effect on Job Satisfaction. The implications of the results of this research for the organization should be able to increase the job satisfaction of architects, that is, by increasing their competence and work motivation. Competence can be done by improving their work skills with a variety of more challenging tasks. The same goes for work motivation, such as giving wide powers to the architect to organize his work team to always coordinate well. As for the organization of IAI as a container of architects' bonds, it should be more active in socializing the public/clients, by educating them on the importance of using the services of certified or licensed architects. For IAI, it should give strict sanctions to its members who practice by violating the code of ethics of the profession of an architect.

Primed and ready?

The emergence and proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) tools has left the realm of science fiction and the province of computer science research and has reached the everyday activities of academics and various support staff. AI promises to automate and facilitate a range of research tasks and increase scientific productivity, and can thus be expected to raise new questions and dilemmas that might challenge the systems of accountability currently in place to safeguard academic integrity.
 This poster presents preliminary results of an analysis of seven prominent ethical guidelines (international and Norwegian): the Vancouver protocol, ALLEA guidelines, NENT and NESH guidelines, professional codes of ethics from IFLA, ALA, and the Norwegian Union of Librarians. EBLIDA and LIBER were consulted, but do not offer their own ethical guidelines. The main research question is: to what extent do current ethical guidelines support researchers and librarians in dealing with ethical questions brought about by the proliferation of new AI tools?
 The concern that emergent technologies tend to challenge values, norms, and practices in academia is not new. For example, ALLEA (2017) acknowledges that the values and principles they lay out are “affected by social, political or technological developments and by changes in the research environment” (p.3). Nonetheless, only the Vancouver protocol (updated in May 2023) provides explicit recommendations on AI; it essentially prescribes that authors/reviewers disclose if and how they used AI tools. The other documents, ranging from 2008 to 2022, mention neither AI nor the possibility of automation technologies in academic/library work.
 Despite the absence of advice on AI, the analysis revealed interesting issues on ethical guidelines and emergent technologies. ALA (2017) makes extensive recommendations about social media, both as a tool for libraries’ own work and as a demand from patrons who require their expertise. Similar needs for new competencies and responsibilities can be expected from AI. Also, the Norwegian Union of Librarians (2008) encourages the adoption of free software, open standards, and open source codes; this can gain new momentum with the emergence of proprietary tools and algorithms, particularly if they are trained on public data curated by i.a. libraries.
 Ethical guidelines are general; they state a commitment to certain values and how they should guide certain tasks and practices. They do not prescribe how concrete tools should be employed. In this regard, the current ethical guidelines do offer a sound basis upon which new ethical questions can be assessed. Yet, unlike other types of tools employed in research and library work, AI poses challenges to things that are taken for granted by ethical guidelines, such as what constitutes information, or whether non-human entities can be considered authors, sources, or neither.
 In conclusion, it might be beneficial to revise ethical guidelines, less so because AI requires concrete recommendations, and more because they challenge substantive assumptions upon which guidelines rely. Also, new possibilities afforded by AI might put pressure on certain values, such as reproducibility and academic craftsmanship. Assuming that academia/library communities consider these important to preserve, it might be beneficial to reaffirm these values in light of the changing landscape.

Using occupational therapy principles and practice to support independent message generation by individuals using AAC instead of facilitated communication

Facilitated communication (FC) has been a heavily debated and documented topic across multiple disciplines, including sociology, education, psychology, pediatrics, speech-language pathology, and disability studies. Although many professionals from various disciplines and advocates have offered opinions, suggestions, and research on the topic, there has been minimal input from the occupational therapy (OT) profession. The lack of OT input is noteworthy as OTs are experts in enabling upper extremity performance and independence through a variety of training, adaptation and modification strategies, and use of external supports. Because of their professional code of ethics and a specific knowledge base, OTs are uniquely positioned to provide a host of ethical and evidence-based strategies that enable independent access to communication technology. The consideration of multiple access options is contrary to the typical facilitated encounter where facilitators exclusively choose to manipulate an upper extremity in order for letters to be selected on a display or keyboard. The purpose of this paper is threefold: (a) To offer insight into the standard of care by OTs including their ethical standards; (b) to identify varied accommodations that enable access using a feature-matching standard of care that eliminates the need for a facilitator; and (c) to highlight how to increase independent assistive technology/augmentative and alternative communication access, thus dissuading the need or use of facilitated access to letters.

Šta je "autoplagijat"?

In today’s era of heightened sensitivity to plagiarism, self-plagiarism is gaining recognition as a distinct ethical concern within the global academic community. While plagiarism has undergone detailed conceptual analysis, the same cannot be said for self-plagiarism. This concise review seeks to address this gap by examining key aspects of this academic ethical issue, as outlined in Article 25 of the Code of Professional Ethics at the University of Belgrade. Through this conceptual analysis, it becomes apparent that the Code specifically condemns the narrower practice of “duplicate or dual publication” as ethically unacceptable. It is clear that self-plagiarism does not occur when an author transparently acknowledges their intention to republish or reuse their previously published or utilized work, including its constituent parts.

Supervisory Focus on Strengths: Perceptions of Supervisees and Supervisors

Supervision is an integral part of counselor development and is a requirement for training according to licensing boards, credentialing agencies, professional organizations code of ethics, and the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP). With the expectation of supervision by these entities, universities and counselor training programs must require students to be actively engaged in supervision while learning to become counselors. Instructions for supervision are clearly articulated in policies and procedures of that counselors must follow (ACA, 2014; CACREP, 2016; Texas State Board of Examiners of Professional Counselors, 2013) including qualifications for supervisors, sexual relationships, frequency of supervision, gatekeeping, and remediation, etc. While the guidelines for supervision are clearly stated, there are no expectations for how supervision is to be presented. The how of supervision is left to the selection of the supervisor including structure, focus, procedures, framework, model, expectations, etc. Keywords: Clinical supervision, professional development, Strengths-based supervision

Penegakan Pelanggaran Kode Etik Profesi Polri

The occurrence of a violation of the police professional code of ethics asa reflection of the behavior and attitudes of Polri members in carrying out their main functions and duties as law enforcement, unprofessional, this will have an impact on the image of the Republic of Indonesia National Police Institute in the eyes of the public. The National Police Institute of the Republic of Indonesia, must take law enforcement action against cases of violations of the police professional code of ethics committed by members of the Indonesian National Police through Police Code of Ethics Commission. This study formulates the problem of a what are the causes of violations of the professional code of ethics by members of the Police? and what are the law enforcement actions for members of the Police who violate the Police's professional code of ethics? This research uses normative method. The results of the research show that the cause of violations of the professional code of ethics committed by members of the Indonesian National Police is due to discretionary actions that are not in accordance with the legal norms and professional ethics of the Police. Any member of the National Police who violates the professional code of ethics will be subject to ethical and administrative sanctions.

Threats to the integrity of psychological assessment: The misuse of test raw data and materials

In the practice of psychological assessment there have been warnings for decades by the American Psychological Association (APA), the National Academy of Neuropsychology (NAN), other associations, and test vendors, against the disclosure of test raw data and test materials. Psychological assessment occurs across several different practice environments, and test raw data is a particularly sensitive aspect of practice considering what it implicitly represents about a client/patient, and this concept is further developed in this paper. Many times, test materials are intellectual property protected by copyrights and user agreements. It follows that improper management of the release of test raw data and test materials threatens the scientific integrity of psychological assessment. Here the matters of test raw data, test materials, and different practice environments are addressed to highlight the challenges involved with improper releases and to offer guidance concerning good-faith efforts to preserve the integrity of psychological assessment and legal agreements. The unique demands of forensic practice are also discussed, including attorneys’ needs for cross-examination and discovery, which may place psychologists (and other duly vetted evaluators) in conflict with their commitment to professional ethical codes and legal agreements. To this end, important threats to the proper use of test raw data and test materials include uninformed professionals and compromised evaluators. In this paper, the mishandling of test raw data and materials by both psychologists and other evaluators is reviewed, representative case examples, including those from the literature, are provided, pertinent case law is discussed, and practical stepwise conflict resolutions are offered.

Is indirect translation a friend or a foe of sustainable development?

Abstract This article addresses the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) through the lens of pivot template subtitling, a practice deemed logistically efficient by some and ethically suspicious by others. Drawing on (i) a critical review of 29 European codes of ethics promoted by professional translation associations and (ii) the answers to our online questionnaire on pivot subtitling (completed by 376 subtitlers based in Europe), we analyse the main concerns raised about pivot subtitling from the standpoint of access to decent work and economic growth in the AVT industry. Findings suggest that, from the professional subtitlers’ point of view, current practices in pivot template-centred workflows may slow down the progress on SDG8, worsen working conditions and clash with professional codes of ethics. We end by suggesting ways to improve the use of indirect translation, so it does not hinder progress on SDG8 in the AVT industry.

Examination Of Avalanche-Resistant Building Design Through Countries' Development Levels And Their Code Of Ethics For Architects

The study is to emphasize the importance of a code of ethics for architects to decrease the impacts of avalanche disasters. This study aims to research how much the life safety principle, which is stated as the most basic responsibility by the architectural profession's code of ethics, is applied by comparing the number of building-related deaths, development levels, and the content of avalanche-prone countries' ethical codes for architecture. The regulations and studies in the world were reviewed and the parts related to architectural design were organized to show the relationship between architecture and structures vulnerability to avalanche effect. These will provide a guide for architects who are aware of their responsibilities under professional ethical codes, and they will help lower avalanche-related fatalities. The implementation of architectural ethical codes has been suggested as a way to lessen the damage to countries that experience an excessive number of building-related fatalities as a result of avalanches. Further studies should evaluate the implementation of the responsibilities outlined by the architectural ethical codes for numerous different disasters and countries.