Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposites Research Articles

Synthesis of Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposite Coated with Aluminum Oxide and Application in Protein Removal Process in Natural Rubber

Proteins in latex are the main cause of unwanted effects for users, such as skin allergies and unpleasant odors. Therefore, it is necessary to remove protein from rubber latex before putting it into production. The study presents a method and process for synthesizing CoFe2O4 (CFO) magnetic nanoparticles coated on the surface with an Al2O3 coating. Then, based on the surface adsorption mechanism of the Al2O3 coating, the protein in the latex is adsorbed and recovered from the solution by the magnetism of the CFO magnetic core. The CFO material synthesized by the co-precipitation method has an evenly distributed spherical shape, size 27.3 nm, from a saturation of 53.9 emu/g. The synthesized CFO@Al2O3 has an evenly distributed spherical shape, size 56.2 nm, from a saturation of 39.07 emu/g, and a surface area of 216.75 m2/g. The CFO@Al2O3 nanoparticles have the ability to separate proteins up to 96.71% and have been researched and proven by the Kjeldahl method.

Preparation of spinel ferrites-based flexible electrodes for high electrochemical performances

In this study, we synthesized two different types of spinel ferrites as CoFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 nanocomposites by thermal decomposition method to improve the performance of supercapacitor research. Numerous physicochemical characterization tests, including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), UV–Vis DRS, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses, have been conducted to investigate the structural, morphological, and elemental composition of the manufactured ferrite electrodes. Three-electrode systems have each been used in the electrochemical investigations for the electrodes utilizing 3 M KOH as the electrolyte. The nickel ferrite and cobalt ferrite nanocomposites had a maximum specific capacitance of 1096 Fg−1 and 836 Fg−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1. A high energy density is also delivered by the assembled symmetric CoFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 nanocomposites. In addition, the nanocomposites exhibit Pseudo capacitance with excellent cyclic stability of 87.4 % and 80.5 % capacitance retention for 5000 cycles. The fabricated CoFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 electrodes showed a strong reduction in the Rct value than the pristine nanocomposites. The materials have demonstrated promising potential as electrodes for energy conversion and storage.

The Cavity Perturbation Technique to Detect Cobalt Ferrite and Cobalt Ferrite-Barium Titanate Core-Shell Nanocomposites in the Microwave Frequency Range for Biomedical Applications

This paper focuses on the cavity perturbation technique to measure the dielectric properties of nanoparticles: (i) cobalt ferrite (ii) barium titanate and (iii) core-shell cobalt ferrite-barium titanate. The shift in TE103 and TE105 resonant mode is compared for the above three nanomaterials which in turn is correlated to its dielectric properties. Barium titanate has the highest shift in resonance peak and it is directly proportional to its relative permittivity followed by cobalt ferrite-barium titanate and cobalt ferrite respectively. However, the half power bandwidth, Δ f is highest for the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles and least for barium titanate. Approximately 1.145 MHz shift and 3.391 MHz shift is observed for the insertion of the lossy core-shell cobalt ferrite in TE103 and TE105 modes. The quality factor for barium titante was measured to be approximately twice to that of cobalt ferrite for this particular experiment.

Experimental and theoretical investigation on structure, toxicity, and DNA interaction of turmeric-coated cobalt ferrite nanocomposites

Experimental and theoretical investigation on structure, toxicity, and DNA interaction of turmeric-coated cobalt ferrite nanocomposites

Numerical investigation of heat source induced thermal slip effect on trihybrid nanofluid flow over a stretching surface

The fluid flow model is evaluated with the mass and energy transfer through the trihybrid nanofluid (Thnf) past a stretching permeable sheet. The proficiency of the nanofluid could be more effective, improved and stable by introducing nanoparticles with various thermal and rheological properties. The trihybrid nanoliquid has been prepared by the dispersion of silver (Ag), cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4), and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanocomposites in water. The consequences of Darcy-Forchheimer are engaged in the momentum equation, to evaluate the permeability effect. The fluid flow is expressed in the form system of PDEs with effect of natural convection, magnetic field and heat source. Which are converted into a non-dimensional set of ODE by using similarity variables substitutions. Moreover, the numerical approach PCM (parametric continuation method) is used to deal the derived set of ODEs. The results are relatively compared to the existing study for accuracy purposes. It has been noted that the Thnf has higher thermal conductivity than ordinary and hybrid nanoliquid. The velocity field rises with the mounting values of the thermal Grashof number. The velocity curve drops with the effect of a power law, Forchheimer's, and porosity parameters.

In-situ fabricated copper-holmium co-doped cobalt ferrite nanocomposite with cross-linked graphene as novel electrode material for supercapacitor application

Recently, hybrid electrode materials based on cross-linked carbon analogues have gained significant consideration for their excellent cyclic stability and high specific capacities. This work presents the fabrication of copper and holmium co-doped cobalt ferrite with cross-linked graphene (denoted as CH-CoF/CLG) through one-step hydrothermal route, as novel electrode material for supercapacitor study. The electrochemical performance of CH-CoF/CLG along with its counterparts i.e., CoF, CH-CoF was evaluated through CV, GCD, and EIS analysis using three electrode system. The specific capacitance (Csp) of CoF, CH-CoF, and CH-CoF/CLG nanocomposite at a sweep rate of 5 mV/s is 458 F/g, 762 F/g, and 1258 F/g, respectively, within a potential range of 0.0 to 0.6 V. For CH-CoF/CLG, the calculated slope value (b = 0.84) using power law showed that the energy storage mechanism is based on both capacitive and diffusional processes. The GCD test showed that CH-CoF/CLG exhibited long discharge time (td = 615 s), as compared to CH-CoF (td = 409 s), and CoF (td = 264 s). Moreover, after the fabrication of CH-CoF with CLG, the value of equivalent series resistance (ESR) and charge transfer resistance (Rct) for CH-CoF/CLG were decreased to 0.74 Ω and 0.84 Ω, compared to CoF (1.18 Ω and 1.29 Ω) and CH-CoF (0.88 Ω and 1.0 Ω). When tested for cyclic stability, CH-CoF/CLG displayed insignificant loss in performance up to 3000 cyclic runs. The high supercapacitor performance of CH-CoF/CLG can be assigned to the combined effects arising from the co-doping of transition metal and rare earth metal ions (Cu+2 and Ho+3) into CoF lattice, porous cross-linked structure, high wettability, low intrinsic resistance, and easy accessibility of KOH ions into deep layers of active material. As obtained results deduce that the CH-CoF/CLG nanocomposite is a competent capacitive material for energy storage.

Fabrication and characterization of recyclable, magnetic (CoFe2O4)x/Ag2S-ZnO composites for visible-light-induced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye

Magnetic (CoFe2O4)x/Ag2S-ZnO composites (where x = 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 wt% CoFe2O4) were successfully synthesised and investigated in the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous medium under visible-light irradiation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystallinity of the as-synthesised materials and established the average crystal size of these materials to be <8.5 nm. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis confirmed that all cobalt ferrite doped nanocomposites exhibited ferrimagnetic behavior with saturation magnetization values varying from 6.55 to 40.52 emu/g being recorded. Near complete degradation (99 %) was attained when 1 gL−1 of (CoFe2O4)0.5/Ag2S-ZnO composite was added to a 10 ppm solution of methylene blue (MB) at neutral pH for 4 h of visible light irradiation. The catalyst showed good stability, removing 93.1 % of MB dye after five reuse cycles. The composite catalyst reported in this study is therefore a promising material for large-scale water and wastewater treatment processes.

Toxicity and energy storage properties of magnesium oxide doped cobalt ferrite nanocomposites for biomedical applications

Toxicity and energy storage properties of magnesium oxide doped cobalt ferrite nanocomposites for biomedical applications

Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Spinel Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposite: Synthesis, Characterization, and Its Superior Adsorption Performance for Dyes and Heavy Metals.

This work is dedicated to the synthesis, characterization, and adsorption performance of reduced graphene oxide-modified spinel cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. The as-synthesized reduced graphene oxide cobalt ferrite (RGCF) nanocomposite has been characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, FESEM coupled with EDXS, XRD, HRTEM, zeta potential, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements. FESEM proves the particle size in the range of 10 nm. FESEM, EDX, TEM, FTIR, and XPS analyses provide the proof of successful incorporation of rGO sheets with cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. The crystallinity and spinel phase of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles have been shown by XRD results. The saturation magnetization (M s) was measured as 23.62 emu/g, proving the superparamagnetic behavior of RGCF. The adsorption abilities of the synthesized nanocomposite have been tested using cationic crystal violet (CV) and brilliant green (BG) and anionic methyl orange (MO) and Congo red (CR) dyes. The adsorption trend for MO, CR, BG, and As(V) follows RGCF > rGO > CF at neutral pH. Adsorption studies have been accomplished by optimizing parameters like pH (2-8), adsorbent dose (1-3 mg/25 mL), initial concentration (10-200 mg/L), and contact time at constant room temperature (RT). To further investigate the sorption behavior, isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamic studies have been conducted. Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models suited better for the adsorption of dyes and heavy metals. The maximum adsorption capacities (q m) obtained have been found as 1666.7, 1000, 416.6, and 222.2 mg/g for MO, CR, BG, and As, respectively, with operational parameters such as T = 298.15 K; RGCF dose: 1 mg for MO and 1.5 mg each for CR, BG, and As. Thus, the RGCF nanocomposite was found to be an excellent adsorbent for the removal of dyes and heavy metals.

Facile fabrication of mesoporous carbon-anchored cobalt ferrite nanoparticles as a heterogeneous activator of peroxymonosulfate for efficient degradation of Congo red.

Herein, mesoporous carbon-anchored cobalt ferrite nanocomposites (nano-CoFe2O4@MC) were fabricated using a hydrothermal method for application as heterogeneous catalysts to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS), in order to solve the problems of low activation performance and secondary pollution caused by the inter-particle agglomeration, metal ion leaching, and difficult recovery of nano metal catalysts. Analysis techniques such as SEM, TEM, XRD, BET, FTIR, VSM, TGA, and Raman spectroscopy indicated that the prepared nanocomposites have excellent surface properties, structural stability, and magnetic properties. The performance of nano-CoFe2O4@MC for Congo red (CR) degradation was evaluated by comparison with other treatment systems and study of the influence of experimental parameters, including the anchoring ratios, catalyst dosage, PMS concentration, initial pH, CR concentration, coexisting anions, and humic acid. Both radical and nonradical pathways were observed in the activation process of PMS by nano-CoFe2O4@MC. The analysis results of the element composition and ionic state of the catalyst show that the redox cycle of two ion pairs, Co3+/Co2+ and Fe2+/Fe3+, could enhance the multipath electron transfer on the catalyst surface to promote the generation of reactive oxygen species. Identification of the intermediate products revealed CR was transformed into 12 intermediates through two branch pathways in the nano-CoFe2O4@MC/PMS system. After five cycles of use, the catalytic efficiency of the catalyst did not decrease significantly. Nanocomposites with high catalytic performance, stability, recyclability, and a low ion leaching rate have broad application prospects in the treatment of antibiotic wastewater.

Chemically grafting Cu(ii)-Schiff base complex on magnetic graphene oxide–cobalt ferrite (GO/CoFe2O4) nanocomposite for the selective and ultrafast removal of toxic anionic dyes and dichromate–chromate anions from water

A copper(ii) Schiff base complex was grafted onto a magnetic graphene oxide–cobalt ferrite (GO/CoFe2O4) composite using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as a linker and used as a rapid and selective adsorbent to remove anionic organic dyes from water.

The green production of eco-friendly silver with cobalt ferrite nanocomposite using Citrus limon extract

This paper reveals a novel and greener strategy to biosynthesize Cobalt-Ferrite-Silver trimetallic nanoparticles (Co-Fe-AgNPs) using the Citrus limon extract as a bio-reducing agent. Depending on the Transmission and Scanning Electron Microscopy (TEM and SEM), the prepared nanocomposites had a relatively small size with an average of 20 nm with a spherical shape. Moreover, The Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) showed the distribution of elements within the nanoparticles with various concentrations of C, K, S, O, Fe, Co and Ag. Finally, the potential ability of nanoparticles to combat the bacteria and biofilm formation was studied in-vitro. For example, a 125 µM nanocomposite is needed to kill Salmonella, and 62.5 µM inhibits its growth. Moreover, 30 µM is enough to inhibit biofilm formation. Furthermore, the anticancer activity was evaluated against MCF7 and HEPG2 cell lines with IC50 of 35.5 and 43.5 μg/mL, respectively. The findings suggest that Co-Fe-AgNPs could be a potential antibacterial and anticancer agent.

Facile synthesis of exfoliated graphite-supported cobalt ferrite (Co1.2Fe1.8O4) nanocomposite for the electrochemical detection of diclofenac

Diclofenac (DCF) is used to reduce inflammation substance, which causes pain and inflammation, in the human body. However, the overconsumption of DCF may cause life-threatening problems in humans. Therefore, it is necessary to detect DCF levels in human urine samples because it is excreted in the urine after taking DCF. We developed a facile synthetic route for obtaining an exfoliated graphite (Gr)-supported cobalt ferrite (EGr-Co1.2Fe1.8O4) nanocomposite using an ultrasonication method that does not involve calcination. The prepared EGr-Co1.2Fe1.8O4 nanocomposite was examined by various physicochemical characterization methods. The nanocomposites were successfully agglomerated on the exfoliated Gr surface under the optimized experimental conditions. An EGr-Co1.2Fe1.8O4 nanocomposite was employed to fabricate electrochemical sensors for the sensitive electrochemical detection of DCF in human urine samples. The EGr-Co1.2Fe1.8O4 modified screen-printed carbon electrode sensor shows excellent electrochemical activity toward DCF with excellent sensitivity (1.059 µA µM−1 cm−2) within an acceptable linear concentration range (0.01–23.1 µM) and a very low limit of detection (1 nM).

Utilization of Sulfonated Waste Polystyrene-Based Cobalt Ferrite Magnetic Nanocomposites for Efficient Degradation of Calcon Dye.

We presented a simple and efficient method for making a polymer–metal nanocomposite using various amounts of cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (CoFe2O4 MNp) with sulfonated waste polystyrene (SWPS) and utilized for Calcon dye degradation. The MNp was encapsulated with SWPS to avoid agglomeration and maintain its smaller size. ATR-FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high-resolution transmittance electron microscopy (HR-TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and solid UV were used to analyze the produced polymeric magnetic nanoparticles (SWPS/MNp). As the MNp loading increases, the average particle size decreases. For Calcon dye degradation, SWPS/MNp (20 wt%) was utilized with a smaller average particle size, and the structural changes were detected using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. As a result, the Calcon dye’s characteristic absorbance peak at 515 nm was red-shifted to 536 and 565 nm after 5 min, resulting in a color shift from dark brown to light blue that could be seen with the naked eye. A strong linear correlation was found between the red-shifted absorbance and the concentration of dye solution over the range of 10–100 ppm under optimal conditions. The proposed dye degradation process is simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly and has been successfully used to purify organic azo-dye-containing water.

Sonophotocatalytic degradation and operational parameters optimization of diazinon using magnetic cobalt–graphene nanocomposite as a catalyst

Adopting the hydrothermal method, the cobalt ferrite nanocomposite was loaded onto graphene (G–CoFe2O4) and the material thus produced was first characterized and then employed as a sonophotocatalyst to assist in the degradation of diazinon (DZN) at different operational parameters. Further, response surface methodology was used for the optimization and modeling of the operational parameters. From the statistical analysis of the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the quadratic model was observed to give a good fit with the experimental data, barring the catalyst dose (P value = 0.194) and the initial concentration of DZN (P value = 0.20), significantly affected the efficiency of the DZN degradation. Complete DZN degradation was achieved under the conditions of pH 3, time 100 min, DZN concentration 10 mg/L, temperature 50 °C, and the G–CoFe2O4 dose of 0.99 g/L. Reduction in the DZN degradation rate was observed, falling below 10% during the eight consecutive cycles, giving proof of the stability and adequate recyclability of the G–CoFe2O4. Biodegradability related to the five–day biochemical oxygen demand/chemical oxygen demand (BOD5/COD) ratio increased from 0.15 to 0.58, with the corresponding 90.95% total organic carbon (TOC) and 96.41% COD being removed. The toxicity evaluated using the inhibition growth rate of Escherichia coli (E. coli) showed high ability of the suggested treatment system to lower the toxicity, when compared to photocatalysis and photolysis. On using the analytical methods, the presence of the mineral ions such as NH4+, NO3−, SO42−, and PO43− appeared to act as good indicators of mineralization.

Metal Phosphomolybdate/ Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposites as Efficient Corrosion Inhibitor for Stainless Steel 316l in Saline Solution

Metal Phosphomolybdate/ Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposites as Efficient Corrosion Inhibitor for Stainless Steel 316l in Saline Solution

Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposite as Electrochemical Sensor for The Detection of Guanine, Uric Acid and Their Mixture

Cobalt ferrite nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized by analytical techniques such as FESEM, EDS and XRD. The average crystallite size was found to be in the range of 10–12 nm with a cubic structure. Further, the nanocomposite was used for the detection of guanine (GU) and uric acid (UA) and found to be an efficient electrode modifier. The lower limit of detection for GU and UA was found to be 300 nM and 400 nM, respectively

A novel, sensitive and selective nanosensor based on graphene nanoribbon–cobalt ferrite nanocomposite and 1-methyl-3-butylimidazolium bromide for detection of vanillin in real food samples

A novel, sensitive and selective nanosensor based on graphene nanoribbon–cobalt ferrite nanocomposite and 1-methyl-3-butylimidazolium bromide for detection of vanillin in real food samples

A Facile Synthesis of Bi2O3/CoFe2O4 Nanocomposite with Improved Synergistic Photocatalytic Potential for Dye Degradation

Semiconductor-based photocatalysis is a probable approach to overcoming many pollution problems and eradicating toxic organic materials from wastewater. This research endeavor aimed to explore the synergistic potential of different semiconductor nanocomposites for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in contaminated water. A facile hydrothermal approach was employed to synthesize bismuth oxide and cobalt ferrite nanoparticles from their precursors—bismuth nitrate pentahydrate, ferric chloride hexahydrate and cobalt chloride hexahydrate—with various concentrations and conditions to optimize the product. Subsequently, nanocomposites of bismuth oxide and cobalt ferrite were prepared by solid-state mixing in varying concentrations followed by calcination. UV/visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and elemental dispersive X-ray spectroscopic techniques have corroborated the successful synthesis of nanocomposites. The energy gaps of bismuth oxide and cobalt ferrite nanocomposites were computed in the range of 1.58–1.62 eV by Tauc plots. These nanocomposite materials were ascertained for photocatalytic potential to degrade methyl orange organic dye in water. A nanocomposite with equiquantic proportions has shown the best photocatalytic degradation activity, which may be attributed to the type-II band configuration and a synergistic effect, because Bi2O3 acts as an electron sink. This synergism has reduced the cogent band gap, hindered electron hole recombination and increased electron hole availabilities for photodegradation reactions, thus ensuing an efficient photodegradation co-work of Bi2O3/CoFe2O4 nanocomposites.

Effect of Graphene Concentration on the Electrochemical Properties of Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposite Materials.

A two-step process was applied to synthesize the cobalt ferrite-graphene composite materials in a one-pot hydrothermal reaction process. Graphene Oxide (GO) was synthesized by a modified Hummer’s method. The synthesized composite materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The XRD and FTIR results were in good agreement with the TGA/DTG observations. SEM and TEM disclosed the spherical shape of the nanoparticles in 4–10 nm. The optimized CoFe2O4-G (1–5 wt.%) composite materials samples were tried for their conductivity, supercapacity, and corrosion properties. The CV results demonstrated a distinctive behavior of the supercapacitor, while the modified CoFe2O4-G (5 wt.%) electrode demonstrated a strong reduction in the Rct value (~94 Ω). The highest corrosion current density valves and corrosion rates were attained in the CoFe2O4-G (5 wt.%) composite materials as 5.53 and 0.20, respectively. The high conductivity of graphene that initiated the poor corrosion rate of the CoFe2O4-graphene composite materials could be accredited to the high conductivity and reactivity.