Abstract

Diclofenac (DCF) is used to reduce inflammation substance, which causes pain and inflammation, in the human body. However, the overconsumption of DCF may cause life-threatening problems in humans. Therefore, it is necessary to detect DCF levels in human urine samples because it is excreted in the urine after taking DCF. We developed a facile synthetic route for obtaining an exfoliated graphite (Gr)-supported cobalt ferrite (EGr-Co1.2Fe1.8O4) nanocomposite using an ultrasonication method that does not involve calcination. The prepared EGr-Co1.2Fe1.8O4 nanocomposite was examined by various physicochemical characterization methods. The nanocomposites were successfully agglomerated on the exfoliated Gr surface under the optimized experimental conditions. An EGr-Co1.2Fe1.8O4 nanocomposite was employed to fabricate electrochemical sensors for the sensitive electrochemical detection of DCF in human urine samples. The EGr-Co1.2Fe1.8O4 modified screen-printed carbon electrode sensor shows excellent electrochemical activity toward DCF with excellent sensitivity (1.059 µA µM−1 cm−2) within an acceptable linear concentration range (0.01–23.1 µM) and a very low limit of detection (1 nM).

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