Coastal Economic Research Articles

Population Employment Environment of Coastal Urban Population and Economic Structure Growth of Coastal Cities

Song, L.; Zhang, L., and Wang, S., 2020. Population employment environment of coastal urban population and economic structure growth of coastal cities. In: Yang, Y.; Mi, C.; Zhao, L., and Lam, S. (eds.), Global Topics and New Trends in Coastal Research: Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 103, pp. 134–138. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.Because the problems in the economic system of coastal cities are becoming more and more prominent, in order to promote the sustainable development of the economic structure of coastal cities, this paper puts forward the impact analysis of the population employment environment and economic structure growth in coastal cities. First, describe and analyze the population employment situation and demographic factors that affect the growth of economic structure in coastal cities. Then, through discussing the development of relevant economic elements in coastal cities, master the overall situation of population employment and economic structure growth in coastal cities. Using the modified Cobb-Douglas production function model and 10-year data, this paper makes an empirical analysis on population employment and economic indicators in coastal cities, and concludes that the results of coastal cities, continental cities and desert cities all belong to increasing remuneration type.

Network Transaction Cost Advantage and Its Effects on Shopping Intention in Coastal Economic Zone

Tao, K.; Xiao, H., and Ye, J., 2020. Network transaction cost advantage and its effects on shopping intention in coastal economic zone. In: Yang, Y.; Mi, C.; Zhao, L., and Lam, S. (eds.), Global Topics and New Trends in Coastal Research: Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 103, pp. 60–64. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.A method of forecasting and diagnosing the causal relationship by combining PLS-SEM model and Bayesian network is proposed. This method not only exerts the ability of PLS-SEM model to be proved by theory, but also highlights the ability of Bayesian network to forecast and diagnosis and deal with nonlinear relationship, which is beneficial to the development of management decision. Furthermore, the method is applied to study the complex relationship between the cost of online shopping transaction and purchase intention. It clarifies the change of consumers' willingness to purchase when the transaction cost is in different states, and provides the basis for the enterprise to formulate effective transaction cost management decision.

Spatial Pattern Evolution and Mechanism of Coastal Economic Zone Based on Accessibility

Zhan, L., 2020. Spatial pattern evolution and mechanism of coastal economic zone based on accessibility. In: Yang, Y.; Mi, C.; Zhao, L., and Lam, S. (eds.), Global Topics and New Trends in Coastal Research: Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 103, pp. 521–525. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.With the globalization of the world economy and the acceleration of urbanization in China, the spatial pattern of provinces and cities is changing with each passing day. This essay analyzes the evolution of spatial pattern based on accessibility in J province, an economically developed city in the Yangtze river delta economic belt of China, firstly establishes a measure model of urban accessibility, and then evaluates the spatial relative pattern characteristics of this province. After the empirical analysis found that the southern province of high-strength contacts significantly more than the northern parts of the city space, high strength and space contact center of gravity to the southeast coastal areas in city. According to the city space contact membership change, we found that J province's southern and northern city development level difference is significant. The research of this paper can provide some guidance for the spatial pattern adjustment of J province, promote the urbanization process of this region, and provide references for regional traffic layout.

Spatiotemporal Evolution of Population in Northeast China during 2012–2017: A Nighttime Light Approach

Population is one of the key problematic factors that are restricting China’s economic and social development. Previous studies have used nighttime light (NTL) imagery to calculate population density. This study analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution of the population in Northeast China based on linear regression analyses of NPP-VIIRS NTL imagery and statistical population data from 36 cities in Northeast China from 2012 to 2017. Based on a comparison of the estimation results in different years, we observed the following. (1) The population of Northeast China showed an overall decreasing trend from 2012–2017, with population changes of +31,600, −960,800, −359,800, −188,000, and −1,127,600 in the respective years. (2) With the overall population loss trend in Northeast China, the population increased in only three cities, namely, Shenyang, Dalian, and Panjin, with an average increase during the six-year period of 24,200, 6,500, and 2,000 people, respectively. (3) The four major urban agglomerations in Northeast China (the Harbin-Daqing-Qiqihar Industrial Corridor, Changjitu Pilot Zone, Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt, and Shenyang Economic Zone) have annual populations far exceeding 4 million people. A correct appreciation of the population dynamics is vital to resource management and comprehensive management efforts. Making full use of natural resources and regional advantages could effectively improve and potentially solve the urban population loss problem and would be of great innovative significance for supporting the realization of the Millennium Development Goals.

The Influence and Countermeasures of the "COVID-19" on the Economic Development of Coastal Economic Zone of Guangdong Province

In February 2020, the CPC Central Committee defined the epidemic at a meeting which with the theme of "Coordinating the epidemic prevention and control with economic and social development”—“The COVID-19 outbreak is a major public health emergency that has spread in the fastest speed, caused the most extensive infection and is the most difficult to contain in the country since the founding of the People's Republic of China”. From this definition, it can be seen that the impact of this epidemic on China is very huge. Sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 inevitably deal a relatively big blow to China's economic and social development. How to adopt effective measures to promote economic and social recovery and development under the working on an ongoing basis to contain the virus is an urgent issue that needs to be resolved. This article takes the Coastal Economic Zone of Guangdong Province as a research object. Analyzes the impact of the epidemic on it, and the difficulties and problems facing the current economic development. In response to these problems, this article makes several suggestions: continued prevention and control of the epidemic situation, increased government support, optimized industrial structure, and promoted economic growth by the Troika. So as to promote Guangdong's economic recovery and further promote Guangdong's economic and social development.

Strategic Analysis on the Potential of Coastal Reservoirs in Reshaping Indian Coastal Economic Corridor

In general, people like to live near the coast because of a better aesthetical pleasing living environment, access to a variety of recreational activities and more job opportunities. Consequently, more than 50% of the world’s population live within 200[Formula: see text]km of the coast, and ¾ of the world’s megacities are situated by the shore. Significant pressure on land, water supply, waste management and other infrastructures appear in these coastal cities. India, which hosts one-sixth of the world’s population is looking for strategies to manage India’s coastal cities, water, land and human resources. This paper reviews China’s experience in water resources development for coastal cities. China’s coastal economic corridor (CEC) contributes 60% of the national GDP, which needs plentiful water supply to sustain its coastal cities. The present investigation shows that India has better natural conditions to develop its CEC. Among the coastal infrastructures, coastal reservoirs (i.e., CRs) should be the priority, which nourishes the coastal prosperity. This paper also discusses the feasibility of water–oil exchange project between India and Persian Gulf countries.

Development of Maritime Economy and Coastal Economy to Improve Competitiveness and Coastal Economic Growth in Riau Island Province

This research aims to analyze and examine the influence of maritime economic development and the economy of coastal communities in improving maritime competitiveness and coastal economic growth. Maritime economics is analyzed based on the fisheries sector, marine tourism and shipping. The economics of coastal communities are analyzed based on community empowerment, development and welfare. This research was conducted in Riau Islands Province. This reseach uses a qualitative method with a questionnaire of 330 respondents. The processing of research data by validity test, reliability, t-test, F-test and Adjusted R Square. The result of H1 that maritime economic development affect on competitiveness of maritime regions. Its are the fisheries sector 8.3%, the tourism sector 2.51%. H2 the economic development of coastal communities affects on competitiveness of maritime regions that are empowerment 23.2%, to increase welfare 31.8%. The development no significant effect. H3 the maritime economic development affects coastal economic growth through the fisheries sector 18%, the tourism sector 18% and the shipping sector 12.5%. H4 hypothesis of economic development of coastal communities has significant effect on coastal economic growth, that are at community empowerment 12.5%, welfare 17.2%, development 6.8%.

Study on Environment Performance Evaluation and Regional Differences of Strictly-Environmental-Monitored Cities in China

With the rapid economic growth and development, the problem of environmental pollution in China’s cities is becoming increasingly serious, and environmental pollution takes on a regional difference. There is, however, little comprehensive evaluation on the environmental performance and the regional difference of strictly-environmental-monitored cities in China. In this paper, the environmental performance of 109 strictly-environmental-monitored cities in China is evaluated in terms of natural performance, management performance, and scale performance by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), incorporating PM2.5 and PM10 as undesirable outputs. The empirical results show that: (1) At present, the natural performance is quite high, while the management performance is noticeably low for most cities. (2) The gap between the level of economic development and environmental protection among cities in China is large, and the scale efficiency of big cities is better than that of smaller cities. The efficiency value of large-scale cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, etc. is high, equaling 1; the value of smaller cities such as Sanmenxia, Baoding, Mudanjiang, and Pingdingshan is low, close to 0, indicating that big cities are characterized by high environmental efficiency. (3) From the perspective of region, the level of environmental performance in China is very uneven. For example, the environmental efficiency level of the Pan-Pearl River Delta region is superior to that of the Pan-Yangtze River region and the Bahia Rim region, whose values of environmental efficiency are 0.858, 0.658, and 0.622 respectively. The average efficiency of the Southern Coastal Economic Zone, Eastern Coastal Comprehensive Economic Zone, and the Comprehensive Economic Zone in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River is higher than that of other regions. Finally, corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. The method used in this paper is applicable to the performance evaluation of cities, and the results of the evaluation reflect the differences of the environmental performance level between strictly-environmental-monitored cities and different regions in China, providing reference for the balanced environmental development of cities and regions.

BÀN VỀ VẤN ĐỀ ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆU QUẢ PHÁT TRIỂN KHU KINH TẾ VEN BIỂN Ở VIỆT NAM

BÀN VỀ VẤN ĐỀ ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆU QUẢ PHÁT TRIỂN KHU KINH TẾ VEN BIỂN Ở VIỆT NAM

The Research on Community Energy Potential of Liaobin Coastal Economic Zone

The energy supply characteristics and architectural features in Liaobin coastal economic zone are studied to achieve the energy efficient utilization and the balance of supply and demand in regional energy. The integrated resources planning method is used to analyze the potential of renewable energy and the demand of energy saving. The simulation models were established with DeST software for various buildings. And the simplified method of typical building was used to simplify the simulation models in this area. As shown in the result, the potential of saving energy on demand side is 16%. The planning of natural gas can satisfy the demand for future development to make up the low reliability of the electricity supply. The annual generation capacity at the potential of solar energy resources is 100 kW/m2, while the annual generation capacity at the potential of wind energy resources is 650.9kWh/m2. Biomass resources have great potentials. The potential of geothermal energy resources is 8.2×1018J. The renewable resources and unexploited energy can be used. The advantages of community energy planning on the energy utilization were analyzed. The planning will be developed based on the combination of energy regeneration and building energy saving techniques. And the result of this research will provide theoretical and technical support to the development of the community energy planning in this zone.

Connecticut Coastal Community Unemployment and Economic Damage Attributable to Hurricane Sandy

By using dynamic regression analysis and BLS data starting from 1990, CCEA was able to determine that 7,103 private sector job-years may be lost (and attributable to) Hurricane Sandy, between November 2012 and December 2014, of which roughly half or 3,551 job losses, can be expected within small businesses. The BLS population subset of coastal NECTAs covers manufacturing, trade, transportation and utilities, professional and business services, and tourism services, while not reporting on information, financial services, health or education sectors, thus a reduced number from CT's total FTEs.

Development of Novel Detection Device for Chemical Properties of <i>Dioscorea hispida</i>

The potential of machine vision application in the determination of alkaloid inDioscorea hispidarhizome was explored. A camera vision system used in this research is chroma meter CR-400 made by Konica Minolta. The first component is the hardware component that functions as an image acquisitioned for the system. The second component is the software part which converts reading obtained from the hardware. From the design review, the images from a variety of harvested ofDioscorea hispidawill be captured and the reading in L*a*b color space were converted. The prediction was also made on the statistical relationship between Hue and dioscorine level in the fruit. With the same rhizomes, 40 grams was selected for chemical analysis at a laboratory for the programme of East Coastal Economic Regions Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia (ECER-KPT UniSZA). The samples were selected from 12 portions of 2 plants (I and B) collected from Kampung Kudat, Ajil, Terengganu, Malaysia. The development on this study is grouped as non destructive method to determine the dioscorine content which is one of the alkaloid components in the rhizome ofDioscorea hispida.

An Analysis on the Relative Efficiency of the Infrastructure Investment in the Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt Based on DEA Method

The infrastructure construction is playing an important role in the development of Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt, whereas a calculation and analysis on the relative efficiency of its 6 cities’ infrastructure investment will offer a useful reference to the decision on the future investment scale and structure of this area’s infrastructure. Based on DEA model and from the viewpoint of constant scale return and changing scale return, this paper calculates the comprehensive rela- tive efficiency and scale relative efficiency of the infrastructure investment in Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt in 2000-2009, and draws the following conclusion: Infrastructure investments in Dalian, Jinzhou and Panjin are compre- hensively relative efficient, while infrastructure investments in Dandong,Yingkou and Huhudao are comprehensively relative inefficient. Infrastructure investments in Yingkou and Huludao are technically efficient, but inefficient in the sense of scale, and are taking increasing scale returns, while the infrastructure investment in Dandon is inefficient from both the technology and scale senses, and is showing a decreasing scale return.

English

This study introduced the potential of microwave application in the determination of alkaloid in Dioscorea hispida rhizome. This microwave device is used to measure the coefficient permitivity of microwave level at rhizome surface using mechanical probe. With the same rhizomes, 40 grams was selected for chemical analysis at a laboratory for the programme of East Coastal Economic Regions - Kementerian Pengajan Tinggi, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia (ECER-KPT UniSZA). The sample were selected from 12 portion of 2 plants (I and B) collected from Kampung Kudat, Ajil, Terengganu, Malaysia. The result show that the correlation between microwave level and weight of alkaloid with regression, R2 is >0.8 is acceptable. Using SPSS, the ANOVA value shows significant correlation between microwave level and weight of alkaloid >0.05. This work is grouped as nondestructive method to detect the dioscorine which is one of the alkaloid components in the rhizome. Keyword: alkaloid of dioscorea, rapid detection device, alkaloid detection, Dioscorea hispida, microwave sensor

Prediction and Analysis of Land-Use and Land-Cover Change in Liaoning Coastal Economic Zone, China

Land-use and land-cover change (LUCC) is an important factor of global change. In this study, the LUCC of Liaoning Coastal Economic Zone, the typical area of urbanization in China, was simulated by applying CLUE-S model under the historical trend scenario and policy scenario two scenarios. Transfer matrix and landscape index were also applied to analyze the change of landscape pattern. The results show that, from 1988 to 2007, the area of construction land was considerably increased. However, the area of forest, water and farmland were greatly decreased. The results were mainly caused by the rapid growth of economic, population and accelerated urbanization. These changes have caused landscape fragmentation in this study area. In general, the trends of landscape changes under two scenarios were unsustainable in this area.

Logistics Center City Planning of Liaoning Coastal Economic Zone

Logistics center city planning is a part of logistics system planning; it plays an important role in the development of Liaoning Coastal Economic Zone. This paper plans for the logistics center city of Liaoning Coastal Economic Zone with the growth pole theory and gray cluster model in order to acquire accurate result. Finally, basing the result of planning, this article analyzes logistics radiation region and the main varieties of logistics center city.

Science & Technology Input and Economic Growth: An Empirical Analysis Based on the Three Major Coastal Economic Regions of China

Abstract There is close relationship between science & technology inputs and economic growth. Based on the data of science & technology input and economic growth, the paper makes the econometric models analysis on the economic growth and science & technology input of the three major coastal economic regions of China. The paper analyzes and compares the contribution rate of science & technology inputs to economic growth of the three major economic regions.

China Tax Guide (review)

Reviews 203 Michael J. Moser and Winston K. Zee. China Tax Guide. Second edition. NewYork: Oxford University Press, 1993. 316 pp. Hardcover $38. This second edition of China Tax Guide provides a general introduction to the taxation of foreign nationals and foreign business operations in the People's Republic of China. It consists of four parts as follows: an introduction to China's tax system; forms of doing business in China and their tax consequences; explanations of the main types of tax; and special tax regimes in the special investment areas plus some bilateral tax treaties between China and other countries. The content of this book can be divided into four groups. In group 1 (chapter 1), the authors describe China's aim in fhe taxation of foreigners, the principal taxes in China, tax legislation (which is usually separated into three sections), and tax administration. Then, in group 2 (chapters 2 and 13), they describe the most common forms ofbusiness transactions and their main tax consequences from a transactional perspective. The forms of doing business in China discussed here are Sale and Purchase; Compensation Trade and Processing and Assembly Operations ; Financing Transfer; Consignment Sales and Service Centers; Representative Offices; Contracted Projects; Equity Joint Ventures; and Co-operative Joint Ventures and Wholly Foreign-owned Enterprises. In group 3 (chapters 3 to 10), Moser and Zee cover the structure and regulation of nine principal types of tax in China: the Individual Income Tax (chapter 3), the Joint Venture Income Tax (chapter 4), the Foreign Enterprises Income Tax (chapter 5), the Unified Tax (chapter 6), the Consolidated Tax and Related Taxes (chapter 7), the Real Estate Tax (chapter 8), the Vehicle and Vessel Licence Tax (chapter 8), the Stamp Tax (chapter 9), and Customs Duties and Related Taxes (chapter 10). In each of the first four chapters mentioned above, the authors give the definition and the scope of the specific tax, and then focus on the calculation, with concrete examples for every step. The calculation usually includes explanations of Accounting Rules, Deductions, Depreciations, Amortization, Valuation of Inventories , Intercompany Expenses, Losses, Capital Gains, and Transferring Pricing, if necessary. The book also mentions tax rates and holidays, reinvestment ofprofits, credits, tax payment, penalties, and so on. For the last five types of tax in group 3, the authors describe the related regulatory framework and the manner in which it is applied in practice. Tax exemptions and deductions are mentioned in these chapters. Finally, in group 4 (chap-©1994 by University ters xl and 12), the book details the preferential taxrules developed for application in the Special Economic Zones, the Pudong New Area, the Fourteen Coastal 204 China Review International: Vol. 1, No. 2, Fall 1994 Cities, the Economie and Technological Industrial Development Zones (ETIDZs), the Coastal Economic Zones, and High and New Technological Industrial Development Zones, and China's bilateral tax treaties with a number of other countries. The book satisfies the foreign investors' interests most in chapter 11, which provides an overview of the tax rules in some of China's special investment areas and focuses on tax exemptions and deductions available to foreigners. China Tax Guide provides an impressively concise and yet comprehensive introduction to China's increasingly complex tax system as it was in operation before 1994. The two authors tried their best to keep the book up-to-date, since some tax rules discussed in it were promulgated as late as 1991. The book is easy to understand because there are many practical examples employed by die authors to illustrate the application of the legislation under discussion. It is of great value especially for foreign companies and foreign investment enterprises in China. Besides the concrete examples mentioned above, fhe book also tells readers what kinds of organizations are subject to what kinds of tax in China. A foreigner can easily grasp the related content of China's tax system, which covers over four decades (from fhe 1950s to Aie 1990s). The book also displays Specimens of Tax Forms in China, translated Selected Legislation, a comparative chart of ChineseForeign Tax Treaties, and some tables concerning specific tax rates. All these provide readers with greater details of China's tax system, and this...