Involvement In Clubs Research Articles

A Survey of Burnout Among Members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand

Physician burnout affects approximately half of US physicians, significantly higher than the general working population. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of burnout specifically among hand surgeons and to identify factors unique to the practice of hand surgery that may contribute to burnout. A Web-based survey, developed in conjunction with the American Medical Association, was administered to all active and lifetime members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand using the Mini Z Burnout assessment tool. Additional data were collected regarding physician demographics and practice characteristics. The final cohort included 595 US hand surgeons (American Society for Surgery of the Hand [ASSH] members) and demonstrated that 77% of respondents were satisfied with their job, although 49% regarded themselves as having burnout. Lower burnout rates were correlated with physicians aged older than 65, those who practice in an outpatient setting, practice hand surgery only, visit one facility per week, having a lower commute time, those who performed 10 or fewer surgeries per month, and being considered grandfathered for Maintenance of Certification. It was shown that sex, the use of physician extenders, compensation level, and travel club involvement had no impact on burnout rates. The survey demonstrated that nearly half of US hand surgeons experience burnout even though most are satisfied with their jobs. There is a need to increase awareness and promote targeted interventions to reduce burnout, such as creating a strong team culture, improving resiliency, and enhancing leadership. Burnout has been shown to affect physicians, their families, patient care, and the health care system as a whole negatively. The findings should promote awareness among hand surgeons and inform future quality improvement efforts targeted at reducing burnout for hand surgeons.

Improved Soft Skill and University Club Involvement. Are They Connected

There is a need for business students to develop soft skills in addition to technical skills, in order to successfully transition into the workforce. Hiring managers stress the importance for business students to have strong soft and hard skills in order to be competitive during the job search process. Hiring managers are finding that recent graduates lack soft skills such as presentation, listening, and teamwork, which many jobs require. The purpose of this qualitative study is to identify and determine what changes in soft skills/professional skills, specifically leadership, communication, and networking, business students may develop, after one year of involvement in a university marketing club; based on student perceptions. The results for this study show that business students who are members of an undergraduate university club for one year perceive improvement in the aforementioned soft skills. Based off the findings, business faculty should focus on incorporating soft skill development into their curriculum. Soft skill development could potentially better prepare graduates for entering the workforce. Â Â

Mechanisms for ensuring food security and sustainable environment through youths’ participation in agricultural education

Agricultural education play a central role in disseminating knowledge, skills and attitudes toward managing environmental resources which support food productivity. Its goals are basically achieved through formal education. Hitherto, youths have been involved in environmental stress mitigation efforts both at the school and community levels but are still short of adequate knowledge. Current trends of environmental stress and its associative impact on the food growing soils and space call for its integration into agricultural education programme. This paper identifies mechanisms for ensuring Food Security (FS) and Sustainable Environment (SE) through Youths’ Agricultural Education. First, the paper discussed the concepts of sustainability as it affects the environment and food security. It also discussed constraints of FS and SE. Mechanisms discussed includes: curriculum content review and update, adequate funding by government, training and retraining of manpower, and involvement of youth clubs and organizations. Furthermore, use of mass media; extension services; school farm; and organizing workshops, seminars; and integration of population studies in the curriculum were also considered. Finally, it was suggested among others that government should review school curriculum and renew her commitment through designing and implementing policies and programmes aimed at ensuring FS and SE.Keywords: Agricultural Education, Mechanisms, National Food Security, Sustainable Environment, Youths.

A multi-level climate club with national and sub-national members: theory and application to US states

The minilateral approach of a climate club of countries has been suggested as an intermediate phase in a transition towards a global agreement that enforces national climate policies through harmonization. To garner critical mass, we propose an extended club configuration including sub-national states or provinces, resulting in a multi-level club. This would allow considerable contributions from important emitters like the US to be brought on board, relevant given its intended withdrawal from the Paris Agreement. We elaborate this idea and clarify potential roles of participants at distinct levels. The concept is operationalized by developing a method for identifying suitable entities at each level that uses a set of likelihood-of-involvement indicators capturing existing carbon dependence, public opinion, government policy and climate coalition membership. Application at the national level identifies a subset of seven of the highest emitting countries representing 21% of global emissions. This rises to 51% assuming that China, the dominant global emitter, could be enticed into the group. Given that US involvement remains unlikely for now, we illustrate selection at the sub-national level for US states. Here, an initial group of 21 states appear as potential members, jointly accounting for 36% of national emissions. An additional group, representing a further 34% of emissions, are potentially receptive to enticement via trade dependencies on four key countries identified within the group of national members. Accordingly, some 70% of US emissions, representing 11% of global totals, may be subject to climate club involvement via a combination of these pathways. While the implementation of such a club requires various political and legal hurdles to be overcome, the ongoing threat of climate change and inadequacies of the Paris Agreement suggest that novel solutions of this kind deserve serious attention from scientists and politicians.

Phishing in an academic community: A study of user susceptibility and behavior

We present an observational study on the relationship between demographic factors and phishing susceptibility at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC). In spring 2018, we delivered phishing attacks to 450 randomly selected students on three different days (1,350 students total) to examine user click rates and demographics among UMBC’s undergraduates. Participants were initially unaware of the study. We deployed the billing problem, contest winner, and expiration date phishing tactics. Experiment 1 impersonated banking authorities; Experiment 2 enticed users with monetary rewards; and Experiment 3 threatened users with account cancelation. We found correlations resulting in lowered susceptibility based on college affiliation, academic year progression, cyber training, involvement in cyber clubs or cyber scholarship programs, time spent on the computer, and age demographics. We found no significant correlation between gender and susceptibility. Contrary to our expectations, we observed a reverse correlation between phishing awareness and student resistance to clicking. Students who identified themselves as understanding the definition of phishing had a higher susceptibility rate than did their peers who were merely aware of phishing attacks, with both groups having a higher susceptibility rate than those with no knowledge whatsoever. Approximately 70% of survey respondents who opened a phishing email clicked on it, with 60% of student having clicked overall.

Does soccer play lower blood pressure?

Playing football leads to a sustainable improvement of cardiovascular risk factors, especially to a reduction of blood pressure in hypertension. For certain target groups football is more attractive with its team character than individual sports. However, the existing studies are not sufficient for an evidence-based recommendation. Therefore, no medical society explicitly recommends football for lowering blood pressure. Urgent studies are needed to adequately evaluate the value of football as a health sport. This includes a special training program and rules, the involvement of football clubs in these programs, the training of appropriate coaches and the involvement of interested physicians. Football could, with its popularity, motivate more people to exercise and contribute to a sustained reduction in cardiovascular disease.

Social enterprise: Bridging the gap between the statutory and third sector

This article contributes to research of vulnerable communities and investigates the role of social enterprise created or saved from closure by social entrepreneurs affected personally by a life-changing event, in the context of stroke survival. Qualitative research is deployed to investigate the ways in which social enterprise supports survivors of stroke and their caregivers. Research analysis identifies start-up motives and challenges faced by social entrepreneurs and highlights how social enterprise can bridge the gap in support provision provided by the statutory and third sectors. Involvement in stroke clubs was found to be a key positive contributor to participants’ life after stroke. This study has found that those who become social entrepreneurs after a life-changing event exhibit altruistic behaviours, while engagement between these social enterprises and this vulnerable group created specific benefits for vulnerable individuals and their caregivers, highlighting the potential for social enterprise to bridge the gap between statutory and third sectors which is currently overlooked in existing policy provision. The article concludes by making detailed recommendations for future research in this context and for governments and policymakers.

A Longitudinal Study on Vocational Maturity Development using Growth Mixture Model: From Late Adolescence to Early Adulthood

본 연구에서는 고등학교 2학년부터 고등학교 졸업 후 4년이 지난 시점까지 진로성숙도의 변화를 성장혼합모형을 적용한 잠재계층분석을 통해 알아보고자 하였다.「한국교육종단연구2005」의 진로성숙도 자료를 분석한 결과, 후기 청소년기부터 초기 성인기까지의 진로성숙도 변화에 있어서 초기값이 가장 높고 작은 변화율로 성장하는 집단, 초기값은 중간이고 시간에 따라 변화하지 않는 집단, 초기값이 가장 낮고 큰 변화율로 성장하는 집단으로 세 개의 잠재계층이 존재하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 잠재계층의 특성을 알아보기 위하여 가정배경, 개인 특성 및 경험, 진로계획, 고교 특성 및 경험, 진로활동 영역의 다양한 배경변수의 계층 간 차이를 분석하였다. 개인특성 및 경험 변수 중 성별과 자아개념, 교사관계 변수가, 진로계획 영역에서는 교육포부, 고교특성 및 경험에서는 동아리 활동, 진로활동과 관련해서는 고등학교 재학 중 진로와 직업 교과를 이수했는지 여부가 응답자의 잠재계층 분류에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.The purpose of this study was to investigate vocational maturity development from second grade of high school to four years after high school graduation through latent class analysis by applying growth mixture model. Results from analyzing 5th-, 7th-, 9th-wave data collected by Korean Educational Longitudinal Study(2005) suggested that three latent classes were found: class with high initial status and small positive slope, class with medium initial status and insignificant slope, and class with low initial status and large positive slope. Additionally, in order to explore characteristics of latent classes, differences in variables related to family backgrounds, personal characteristics and experiences, career plan, high school characteristics and experiences, and career-related activities were investigated. Variables including gender, self-concept, and relation with teachers, aspiration for education, club involvement while attending middle and high schools, whether the subject took career and vocation class while attending high school were found to affect classification of subjects into latent classes.

Long-Term Links between Physical Activity and Sleep Quality.

Findings from cross-sectional research indicate that the relationship between sleep quality and physical activity is mixed. For research that does indicate a significant association, the interpretation of the finding most often is that physical activity leads to better sleep, or less frequently, that better sleep leads to more involvement in physical activity (see sleep deprivation studies). Cross-sectional studies, however, are not able to assess the direction of these effects, and experimental studies have tested only one direction of the effects. Longitudinal studies, with their focus on temporal order, are needed to specifically examine the link between sleep and physical activity as well as the direction of effects. The current study had three goals: to examine 1) the longitudinal relationship between sleep and physical activity, 2) the direction of effects, and 3) whether emotion regulation mediates the relationship between sleep and physical activity. Participants included a sample of 827 (Mage at baseline = 19.04 yr, SD = 0.92 yr, 73.88% female) students at a university in Southwestern Ontario, who took part in a larger longitudinal survey that started in their first year of university. Participants were surveyed annually for 3 yr (2011, 2012, 2013; retention, 83.9%). Measures assessed sleep quality, physical activity, emotion regulation, and involvement in sports clubs. A cross-lagged autoregressive path analysis revealed that sleep quality indirectly predicted increased high-, moderate-, and low-intensity physical activity over time through its positive effect on emotion regulation. Moderate levels of physical activity indirectly predicted sleep quality over time through emotion regulation. Overall, there appears to be support for a bidirectional relationship between sleep and physical activity over time (at least for moderate physical activity) but only indirectly through emotion regulation.

Mediation of Neighborhood Effects on Adolescent Substance Use by the School and Peer Environments.

Evidence suggests that aspects of the neighborhood environment may influence risk of problematic drug use among adolescents. Our objective was to examine mediating roles of aspects of the school and peer environments on the effect of receiving a Section 8 housing voucher and using it to move out of public housing on adolescent substance use outcomes. We used data from the Moving to Opportunity (MTO) experiment that randomized receipt of a Section 8 housing voucher. Hypothesized mediators included school climate, safety, peer drug use, and participation in an after-school sport or club. We applied a doubly robust, semiparametric estimator to longitudinal MTO data to estimate stochastic direct and indirect effects of randomization on cigarette use, marijuana use, and problematic drug use. Stochastic direct and indirect effects differ from natural direct and indirect effects in that they do not require assuming no posttreatment confounder of the mediator-outcome relationship. Such an assumption would be at odds with any causal model that reflects an intervention affecting a mediator and outcome through adherence to treatment assignment. Having friends who use drugs and involvement in after-school sports or clubs partially mediated the effect of housing voucher receipt on adolescent substance use (e.g., stochastic indirect effect 0.45% [95% confidence interval: 0.12%, 0.79%] for having friends who use drugs and 0.04% [95% confidence interval: -0.02%, 0.10%] for involvement in after-school sports or clubs mediating the relationship between housing voucher receipt and marijuana use among boys). However, these mediating effects were small, contributing only fractions of a percent to the effect of voucher receipt on probability of substance use. No school environment variables were mediators. Measured school- and peer-environment variables played little role in mediating the effect of housing voucher receipt on subsequent adolescent substance use.

National Participation in School-Based Agricultural Education: Considering Ethnicity, Sex, and Income

An empirical understanding of the value school-based agricultural education (SBAE) offers has been limited due to lack of widespread, longitudinal studies addressing the impacts of student participation in SBAE. Grounded in the theory of involvement, data from a nation-wide, longitudinal study were analyzed to explore ethnicity and income among students with varying levels of vocational club and SBAE involvement. Results indicated Black males had high involvement in non-SBAE vocational clubs but low involvement in SBAE-vocational clubs. Black and Hispanic females enrolled in SBAE at rates close to the percentages in the high school population; however, Black and Hispanic females rarely attained officer roles in SBAE-vocational clubs. White females, on the other hand, dominated officer roles within SBAE vocational clubs. Results also indicate females enrolled in SBAE who served as officers earned an additional $10,507 annually compared to non-SBAE, female officers. However, regarding the impact of involvement in SBAE on males who serve as officers, results indicate decreased income compared to their nonSBAE peers. Findings are discussed in relation to the theory of involvement, with an emphasis on recommendations for further research.

Profiling sports spectators in emerging markets: role of sports involvement as a segmentation tool

Globalisation of sports with consequent maturation of the sector offers a huge marketing opportunity in the emerging markets. The relevance of a sports consumer's commitment and involvement with a particular sport comes into play with respect to his consumption intentions. The present paper attempts to understand the current status and future prospect of football as a sport in India with reference to its existing spectator-base and their level of involvement and intent to engage with mega sporting events related to football. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that involvement was a multi-dimensional construct, encompassing - football (game) involvement; team (club) involvement and individual (player) involvement. Further a non-hierarchical cluster analysis on a group of 486 football enthusiasts in urban India revealed the existence of four discrete clusters of football spectators' basis their level of involvement with the sport. These clusters were identified and named as team involved; player involved; game involved and medium team-game involved. The study goes on to detail the level of engagement of the four groups with football; as well as their sports merchandise purchase behaviour. Thus, the study has distinct academic as well as managerial implications for segmenting and targeting sports spectators' in emerging markets.

Predicting Australia's university students' mental health status.

University years are a period of increased morbidity and mortality, associated with negative health behaviours and corresponding poor mental health (MH) status amongst students. With this said, the aim of this research was to determine the level of influence a number of predictive factors have on Australia's university students' MH status. A cross-sectional study design, consisting of an online survey was implemented. Psychometric measurement components were based on adopting Bronfenbrenner's socio-ecological model approach to collecting descriptive statistics. This approach was concerned with investigating patterns of association between three predictive factors [social emotional wellbeing (SEWB), physical activity (PA) levels and sporting club (SC) involvement], against four domains (personal, university, home and community). This study identified that 25% (n = 571) of participants (n = 2326) indicated that they have been diagnosed with a MH disorder. Specifically, gender, age, negative health behaviours, lower levels of PA and SC involvement and poor SEWB, were found to be significantly and positively associated (p < 0.05*, p < 0.01**) with a MH diagnosis. Importantly, findings from this study indicate that there are significant (positive/negative) associations between the identified predictive factors and participants' MH status. Findings from this study will go towards informing current and future Student Health Service policies, practices and infrastructure allocation that address MH status amongst university students.

Social venue range and referral chain impact: Implications for the sampling of hidden communities.

BackgroundIt has been argued that the success of respondent-driven sampling (RDS) in generating unbiased estimates for epidemiologic outcomes depends on participants’ abilities to generate long referral chains. While this is thought to depend on the number of people participants know in the target population, this idea is rarely tested. Furthermore, little attention has been paid to the role of other aspects of social connectedness in recruitment, such as participants’ involvement in local clubs and venues.MethodsWe examine whether the recruitment potential of young Black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) depends on (1) their social network size and (2) their affiliations with a variety of sex venues across geographic areas. We analyze data from a 2014 RDS study of 598 YBMSM on the south side of Chicago.ResultsBoth a participant’s personal network size and the number of different types of sex venues with which he was affiliated were significantly positively associated with (1) the total number of recruits in the participant’s prospective referral chains and (2) the lengths of those chains. However, only venue affiliation remain significantly associated with recruitment potential in the multivariate model.ConclusionsThe success of RDS in generating valid samples may depend more on recruiting participants who are involved in multiple venues within the community (i.e., their affiliation networks) than on recruiting those who have large personal social networks.

Activity-specific pathways among duration of organized activity involvement, social support, and adolescent well-being: Findings from a nationally representative sample

Using data from N = 10,148 American youth (Mage = 15.18) who participated in the National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement, we tested whether duration of involvement in specific organized activities was associated with different sources of social support, and whether these links explained the health-related benefits affiliated with participation. Duration of involvement in certain activities was differentially associated with support from peers, teachers, and other adults, and many of these links partially mediated associations between involvement and well-being. Specifically, greater duration of sports involvement was indirectly associated with higher self-esteem and greater physical activity through greater adult support. Greater duration of club involvement was indirectly associated with greater physical activity through higher adult support and greater duration of music involvement was indirectly associated with lower substance use and greater self-esteem through greater teacher support. Prolonged engagement in specific activities may cultivate certain types of supportive relationships, which may promote adolescent well-being.

Knowledge, attitudes, practices, and barriers related to research utilization: a survey among pharmacists in Malaysia.

Background Research utilization is part of evidence-based practice referring to the process of reviewing and critiquing scientific research and applying the findings to one's own clinical practice. Many studies on research utilization have been conducted with doctors and nurses, but to our knowledge, none have been investigated amongst pharmacists. Objective To assess research utilization and its barriers among pharmacists and identify potential influencing factors. Setting Malaysia. Methods This cross-sectional survey was administered online and by mail to a convenient sample of pharmacists working in hospitals, health clinics, and retail pharmacies in rural and urban areas. Main outcome measure Pharmacists' research utilization knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Results Six hundred surveys were mailed to potential respondents, and 466 were returned (77.7% response rate). Twenty-eight respondents completed the survey online. The respondents' research utilization knowledge, attitudes, and practices were found to be moderate. Research utilization was associated with respondents' knowledge and attitude scores (P<0.001). When factors related to research utilization were modelled, higher educational level was associated with higher level of research utilization (P<0.001) while less involvement in journal clubs, more years of service (3-7years and more than 7years) were associated with low and moderate research utilization, respectively. The main reported barrier to research utilization was lack of sufficient authority to change patient care procedures. Conclusion Pharmacists' research utilization knowledge, attitudes, and practices can be improved by encouraging pharmacists to pursue higher degrees, promoting active participation in institutions' journal clubs, and introducing senior clinical pharmacist specialization.

The case for adding club involvement to your undergraduate dance education

Some dance majors think of "outside" activities as taking too much time away from their studio focus. The case is made for joining a campus club to help prepare you for the future by enhancing your skills and providing useful experience for the job market beyond university. The author focuses on Bare Bones Dance Theatre, a club formed at University of California, Irvine, for dance majors to fundraise and produce their own dance concert, as well as contribute to the community with outreach projects.

The determinants of work position among Gen X:a case of UiTM graduate

The purpose of this preliminary research is to identify corporate talents’ positioning of the UiTM graduates especially the Generation X, within the industries. At the same time, there is also the need to ascertain the factors that contributed to the success of the UiTM Generation X graduates. Majority of the research which have been conducted on the graduates involved the employability rate. However, none has been carried out in identifying the graduates’ career accomplishment. The sample of this research consisted of 191 UiTM graduates who are born between 1965 until 1985 (known as the Generation X). The responses were obtained via an online survey sent to random groups in UiTM emails. In addition, Facebook was also used as a medium in dissemininating the survey forms to random individuals whom has connections with the Generation X alumni. Rasch Measurement Model was employed by using the software WINSTEP 3.72.3, to measure the reliability and validity of the instrument. SPSS version 21 was used to answer the research objective of the study. The result has produced a fair person reliability at +0.66 while the Cronbach Alpha reliability value was at 0.72 and an excellent item reliability of 0.99. In terms of career positioning, 60% of the Generation- falls within the middle management position. This reflects the success of the Gen-X where most of them were able to obtain posts like lecturers, engineers and managers. As for the factors which contributed to the success of the alumni, it was found that involvement in clubs, soft skills and orientation towards religion play important roles in determining the career position of GenX. These findings validate past research and demonstrate that the pattern continues into the present. Surprisingly, it was found that academic achievement, hard skills and personality traits hardly had any influence on the career positions of the Gen-X. It was also discovered that the success of the Gen-X could be due to other factors which is beyond the horizon of this research. Therefore, it was recommended that students should be encouraged to be actively involved in clubs. This must be balanced with religious values exposure so that they know the limit of their involvement.

It isn't all just fun and games: Collegiate participation in extracurricular activities and risk for generalized and sexual harassment, psychological distress, and alcohol use

Collegiate extracurricular activities, despite their benefits, may place students at an increased risk for experiencing harassment. This study utilizes multiple waves of data from an online longitudinal survey to examine how participation in college activities (intramural sports, fraternities/sororities, school clubs) relates to experiences of sexual and generalized harassment and outcomes (psychological distress, heavy alcohol use) among undergraduates (N = 1852, 58.6% female, 57.4% White) in the Midwestern United States. Activity participation was related to harassment, but the pattern depended on the activity, harassment type, and sex. Fraternity/sorority involvement was associated with generalized harassment, whereas school club involvement was linked to both generalized and sexual harassment. Female intramural athletes were at an increased risk to experience both harassment types. In addition to direct relations, activity participation was indirectly linked to future psychological distress (depression, anxiety) and heavy alcohol use via harassment. Implications for intervention with this college student population are discussed.

Fannie Barrier Williams: Crossing the Borders of Region and RaceWanda A.Hendricks. Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2014.

Fannie Barrier Williams: Crossing the Borders of Region and Race Wanda A. Hendricks. Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2014.This compelling biography of a long-neglected historical figure meets the challenge of fulfilling the interdisciplinary and intersectional mandates of our time. In restoring Fannie Barrier Williams (1855-1944) to her rightful place as one of the leading black women activists of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Wanda Hendricks enriches our knowledge of the period in myriad ways, useful to scholars in the study of women, African Americans, religion, and history.Barrier Williams was born in Brockport, New York to parents who were themselves of mixed race, so her very existence challenged rigid racial categories. After graduating from normal school, she went south to teach blacks in postwar Missouri. Here she was shocked by the painful contradictions that created such warmth of welcome on the one hand and so many repelling prejudices on the (30). She left the region in a few years for Washington, DC, where she became part of the black elite, recommencing an association with family friend Frederick Douglass.She married black lawyer S. Laing Williams in 1887. They relocated to Chicago, where Barrier Williams's involvement in women's clubs and conventions brought her to national prominence. Hendricks's feminist understanding of Barrier Williams runs through her book like an unseen aquifer. She focuses on Barrier Williams's cultivation of professionalism, both for herself (through teaching, music, and her public career) and by creating professional opportunities for other black women. Conversely, Hendricks gives little direct attention to her marriage or to the fact that they remained childless. It is refreshing to read a biography of a woman that does not dwell on personal details which do not affect the story that has to be told.Hendricks highlights Barrier Williams's wideranging geographic experiences, which impart a cosmopolitan air to her life, but also reveal class differences within the black community. Barrier Williams stood staunchly for middle-class values. From literary societies to a stated preference for decorous forms of religious worship, members of the black elite positioned themselves as exemplars to their benighted brethren - a situation exacerbated with mass migration of blacks from the South in the early twentieth century. Hendricks does not shy away from the tensions created by Barrier Williams's sense of superiority, but neither does she refrain from underscoring how many of Barrier Williams's projects sought to provide aid while also promoting skills. …