Client Advocacy Research Articles

Analisis Tupoksi Antara Konselor Adiksi dan Pekerja Sosial

This analysis aims to determine the similarities and differences between the main tasks and functions of addiction counselors and social workers (Tupoksi) in the context of social services. Data were collected using qualitative descriptive methods and through in-depth interviews with experienced practitioners in both fields. Outcomes of analysis include individual and group counseling and client advocacy. However, differences were also observed in the intervention approach and primary focus. Addiction counselors tend to focus on rehabilitation and addiction-related treatment, while social workers often focus on the social and environmental recovery of their clients. This research provides insight into how these two professions can complement and collaborate in efforts to improve the well-being of individuals affected by addiction and other social issues.

Pencegahan Resiko Jatuh pada Pasien dengan Diagnosis Keperawatan Dypsneu: Studi Kasus

Background: Patient safety is a system used to improve patient care in a relatively safer manner, including risk assessment, patient risk identification and management, case reporting and analysis, the ability to learn from cases, as well as follow-up and implementation of solutions to reduce risk and prevent injury resulting from errors caused by implementation or negligence of action procedures that must be taken. Method: The method used in writing this nurse's scientific work is descriptive qualitative and case study. Results: With the results observed for 3 days, Mrs M is a patient with a high risk of falling. Where a score of more than 45 is a high fall risk category and a score of less than 45 is a mild to moderate fall risk category. Conclusion: The role of professional nurses is as care giver, client advocate, counselor, educator, collaborator, coordinator, change agent, consultant. Application in preventing the risk of falls is by carrying out an initial assessment and re-assessment and intervention - education.

Afraid to Lose the Client: Client Advocacy Juxtaposed with the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct

ABSTRACT Stretching the bounds of the client advocacy role beyond what is sound, credible, and/or reasonable may threaten compliance with the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct (Code) (ET 1.140.010.03). Students evaluate real-life requests of a CPA to determine whether the client advocacy role was stretched and violated compliance with the Code. More specifically, students apply the Code’s principles, select rules of conduct, and threats to analyze and evaluate a CPA’s responses to her client’s requests that she provide bankers with financial and other information and reclassify income as debt. Student perceptions and knowledge pretests and post-tests indicate completion of the case increased students’ knowledge about the Code and required them to apply analytical and critical thinking skills. In addition, students believe the completion of the case was enjoyable and provided a valuable learning experience. Data Availability: Anonymous data are available upon request. JEL Classifications: M410; M420.

Separating Auditor-Provided Tax Planning and Tax Compliance Services: Audit Quality Implications

SUMMARY This study uses a unique dataset that separates tax nonaudit services (NAS) into tax planning and compliance NAS to examine how audit quality is affected by these two types of tax NAS. Our main results, which account for decisions to purchase and disclose the breakdown of tax NAS, show that audit quality is unaffected by tax planning NAS but is positively associated with tax compliance NAS. These findings suggest that the knowledge spillovers between tax NAS and audit quality documented in prior studies are attributable to tax compliance NAS. Additional tests reveal that the effect of tax compliance NAS is amplified by auditor industry expertise. Also, tax planning NAS in the presence of powerful chief executive officers (CEOs) and audit firm culture that relies on client advocacy has a negative effect on audit quality. These latter findings are consistent with engagement-level tax planning NAS degrading audit quality in certain settings. JEL Classifications: M40; H25.

Etika Profesi Advokat Dalam Menangani Perkara Hukum Menurut Perspektif Hukum Islam


 Advocate is a noble profession (officium nobile). The main task of an advocate in court is to present facts and considerations that are related to the client he is defending in a case, thus enabling the judge to give the fairest decision. In order for an advocate to carry out his duties properly, it is necessary to have an advocate's guidelines in doing something, namely the existence of an advocate's code of ethics.islam is a perfect religion and regulates all human activities and human behavior. Advocate ethics are also regulated in Islam.This research is also known as library research, namely research conducted using library materials or library literature as written sources.In Islam, it is emphasized for law enforcers (advocates) to prioritize the value of justice when dealing with clients in resolving a legal case. In carrying out his profession, an advocate for clients must be based on mutual trust.This noble profession will be tarnished by deviant practices carried out by a few advocates in providing legal services to clients or the public, which will have a very significant negative impact on the organization and the profession.The ethics of an advocate in Islam must be fair, have a noble character, and speak polite and polite words, not dirty words.
 Keyword : Advocate, Proffesssion, Advocate code of ethics

Perspectives of Food Insecurity and Service Delivery amongst Emergency Food Relief Clients in a Regional City in Victoria, Australia

This cross-sectional study examined the experiences of people accessing Emergency Food Relief (EFR) in the regional city of Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, including determinants, impacts of food insecurity, and service delivery recommendations. The forty-one item survey examined demographics, food security status (six-item adult US-Household Food Security Survey Module), food acquisition, use of charitable food services, and self-rated health. Adults n = 100 accessing meal programs and/or EFR services from three EFR organisations in 2018 were surveyed. Ninety-seven percent of participants received government social security payments. Food insecurity prevalence was 92% (USDA-HFSSM 6 item); of these, 63% were experiencing very low food security. Over half (54%) of households with children (n = 26) reported being sometimes unable to feed their children balanced meals and 50% indicated that they were not eating enough. Participants (47%) relied on EFR services for food between one and five years. Poor self-rated dental health was expressed by over 50% of participants and 97% indicated the importance for services to provide healthy food. Food insecurity prevalence was high and chronic among adults receiving EFR services in a large regional Australian city. Recipients’ poor dental health, chronicity of use of services for food assistance, and calls for healthier food suggest more was needed to secure pathways out of food insecurity. The chronicity of reliance on EFR is a concern. The results of this study are likely to be of interest to providers and funders of EFR, policy makers, academics, and client advocates. Whilst the provision of EFR is not a sustainable solution to the problem of food insecurity, scope exists to improve service delivery to uphold principles of dignity, choice, and access to nutritious food. Furthermore, this highlights that the key strategies to mitigate food insecurity lie beyond simply feeding people.

Defining a Patient-Centred Core Outcome Domain Set for the Assessment of Hearing Rehabilitation With Clients and Professionals.

BackgroundA variety of outcome domains are currently measured for the assessment of hearing rehabilitation. To date, there is no consensus about which outcome domains should be measured, when they should be measured, and how they should be measured. In addition, most studies seeking to develop core outcome sets and measures for hearing rehabilitation services have primarily focussed on the opinions and expertise of researchers, and, to a lesser extent, clinicians, rather than also involving clients of those services. The principles of experience-based co-design suggest that health services, researchers, and policymakers should come together with clients and their families to design health services and define what metrics should be used for their success.ObjectivesThis study aimed to seek views and consensus from a range of key stakeholders to define which client-centred self-report outcome domains should be measured, when they should be measured, and how they should be measured, in a national publicly funded hearing rehabilitation scheme. In addition, the study aimed to identify current and future potential mechanisms and systems to standardise the collection of data and reporting of outcomes, to enable comparison across clients and hearing service providers.MethodsTwo stakeholder groups participated in a three-round online Delphi process: (1) 79 professional stakeholders involved in the delivery of hearing services in Australia, and (2) 64 hearing rehabilitation services’ clients identified by not-for-profit consumer organisations. An initial set of in-person workshops scoped the key issues upon which to develop the initial open-ended questions and subsequent Likert-scale statements addressing these issues. These statements were then distributed to both groups in an online survey. The respondent ratings were summarised, and the summary was returned to respondents along with a second round of the survey. This process was then repeated once more. The five most important outcome domains from both groups were then combined, and a consensus workshop of seven professionals and three client advocates agreed on the top four ranked domains.ResultsA range of potential outcome domains were identified as relevant indicators of successful hearing rehabilitation. Communication ability, personal relationships, wellbeing, and participation restrictions were identified as a core outcome domain set that should be measured as a minimum for patients receiving hearing rehabilitation. There was little agreement on the preferred timepoints for collection of outcome measures, with respondents expressing the view that this should be established by research once a set of outcome measures has been selected. However, there was broad agreement that measurements of these domains should be collected at baseline (before the provision of hearing rehabilitation) and no earlier than 3 months following the completion of rehabilitation. Potential benefits and issues with the development of a national outcomes database/collection system were also identified and prioritised, with participants highlighting the importance of valid, high-quality, trustworthy, and comprehensive data collection.ConclusionThese results provide a Core Outcome Domain Set for the self-reported evaluation of hearing rehabilitation and provide important background information for the design of methods to implement them across hearing healthcare systems. However, the wide range of outcome domains identified as potentially providing important additional information and the lack of specific measures to address these domains strongly suggest that there is still more research to be done. Ongoing stakeholder engagement will continue to be vital for future implementation. In addition, further research is required to determine the optimal time following hearing rehabilitation to utilise any particular outcome measure.

Systemic Advocacy for BIPOC LGBTQIA + Clients and Their Families

Systemic advocacy involves various aspects, such as inclusive leadership and clinical practice. The Socially Just and Culturally Responsive Counseling Leadership Model (SJCRCLM) will be described as a way for counselors to continue to help BIPOC LGBTQIA + individuals and families. This model has been used to discuss professional advocacy, but less to discuss client advocacy in practice. Ways to apply the SJCRCLM to BIPOC and LGBTQIA + clients, families, and communities, will be included. Understanding the advocacy needs of clients who intersect among the BIPOC and LGBTQIA + communities is crucial.

Cluttering in a School-Aged Child: Tackling the Challenges Step by Step.

The purpose of this article is to highlight and provide solutions for the complexities of the communication disorder of cluttering. The article includes a 12-part case study of a school-aged child who is referred for an evaluation due to decreased speech intelligibility. The case is woven throughout the article to illustrate all aspects of client management: initial referral, evaluation and differential diagnosis, treatment, and discharge. The case reflects the challenges of increasing client awareness and the importance of advocating for client's needs throughout the process. This article provides background on myths about cluttering and current research findings to debunk these myths. Additionally, methods for evaluation, differential diagnosis, and treatment of cluttering are presented. An indirect approach to increasing client awareness and family and client education is included. The overall focus is to help the clinician better understand how to evaluate, treat, discharge, and advocate for clients with cluttering in ways that meet clients where they are.

Building Professional Bridges for Those Crossing Borders: Interprofessional Social Worker–Lawyer Training for Supporting Immigrant Clients

ABSTRACT In recent years, immigrant family apprehensions at the United States southern border have more than doubled. Those wishing to stay enter a complex legal process as they either fight for lawful status or remain unauthorized. The trauma many experienced may inhibit their ability to articulate claims to legal status. Yet several relief options are only available to applicants who have suffered trauma. Social worker-lawyer collaboration can enhance advocacy on such cases. Social work educators can train practitioners to engage in effective interprofessional partnerships. We developed an interprofessional training tailored to social worker–lawyer collaborations supporting immigrant clients. We present the curriculum structure and post-training survey results, and offer suggestions for social work education on interprofessional collaborations in immigrant client advocacy.

Do Tax Professionals Act Like Auditors when Evaluating Tax-Related Audit Evidence?

ABSTRACTThe audit of the financial statement income tax accounts is ultimately the responsibility of the audit engagement team; however, tax professionals are often involved because of their knowledge of the tax functional area. Auditors are expected to exercise professional skepticism and independence when performing audits, while tax professionals are expected to be advocates for their tax clients. This study investigates whether the auditor and/or tax professionals' typical role influences how they evaluate evidence on an audit engagement, especially when provided evidence by individuals with whom they are closely affiliated. Results of an experiment with experienced auditors and tax professionals suggest that despite differing in their trait skepticism and client advocacy attitudes, tax professionals and auditors make similar judgments when in the role of an audit engagement team member. We also find evidence that both auditors and tax professionals are more persuaded by individuals with whom they have a closer affiliation.Data Availability: Data are available from the corresponding author.

'Give Me My Allowance or I'll Run!' Everyday Resistance By Foster Children and Justice Outsourced

This essay will appear in a new book co-edited by Professor Michael L. Perlin and Dr. Kelly Frailing, JUSTICE OUTSOURCED: THE THERAPEUTIC JURISPRUDENCE IMPLICATIONS OF JUDICIAL DECISION-MAKING BY NON-JUDICIAL OFFICERS (Temple University Press) (2021). The chapter fits the overall theme of this book, which looks at the role of non-judicial officers as a hidden space in the U.S. judicial system through a Therapeutic Jurisprudence lens. It examines relationships between children and their state caregivers through their recorded experiences and testimonial voices, incorporating insights from poverty law and lawyering, child welfare law and policy, administrative law, clinical legal education, and TJ. The chapter builds on Austin Sarat’s socio-legal study of the complex relationships between welfare recipients and public assistance systems, and their ambivalent relationships with legal services providers, The Law is All Over”: Power, Resistance and the Legal Consciousness of the Welfare Poor, It integrates metaphors from this field study of the welfare poor into the analysis of formal and informal, abstract and material rules that envelope foster children, illustrated by examples from the University of Miami Children & Youth Law Clinic case docket. Although foster children can challenge decisions by the child welfare bureaucracy in court or fair hearings, many decisions fall beyond the purview of judicial or administrative due process. Less formal client advocacy enables children to resist state control as individuals and as a group and to overcome daily challenges such as getting personal allowances from caregivers. This paper is not to be cited until this book is published.

Traditional healers as client advocates in the HIV-endemic region of Maputo, Mozambique: results from a qualitative study

ABSTRACT Traditional healers are commonly utilised throughout sub-Saharan Africa instead of – and in concert with – biomedical facilities. Traditional healers are trusted providers and prominent community members and could be important partners in improving engagement with HIV services in endemic contexts. Our study sought to understand the roles of healers in the urban setting of Maputo, Mozambique, where HIV prevalence is high and testing rates are low. Qualitative data were gathered through minimally structured interviews with 36 healers. Analysis followed an inductive, grounded theory approach. Data reveal three themes relevant to improving engagement with HIV services in this endemic region: (1) healers have positive attitudes towards biomedicine; (2) healers advocate for their sick clients and (3) clients are reticent to present to biomedical facilities. Healers describe their roles as ‘cooperative’ with biomedical providers to provide healthcare for their clients. Results suggest that healers could be considered critical enablers to effective HIV programmes in communities. They have social and symbolic capital that positions them to beneficially influence clients and are natural partners for interventions to improve uptake of HIV services.

Talk Like Me: Supporting Students Who Are African American Using Augmentative and Alternative Communication

Purpose With the changing demographics, speech-language pathologists are increasingly supporting diverse caseloads. Research and discussion within the profession often look at culturally and linguistically diverse populations as a monolith and may provide heightened focus on the complexity of bi/multilingual communicators who require augmentative and alternative communication (AAC); however, an exclusive focus on African Americans who use AAC is limited within the published body of research. This article aims to open discussion around the unique and specific supports needed to provide ethical services for African Americans who require AAC systems. Method A review of published literature across disciplines, including communication disorders, health and medicine, education, and social sciences across the last two decades was synergized with analysis of government and professional organization data sets, and professional reflection based upon clinical experience. Results Speech-language pathologists developing a practice embedded with cultural competence and client advocacy will support not only just the AAC user but also their family as primary communication partners. Analysis of the institutional barriers, and how to mitigate the impact, will lead the clinician to culturally responsive intervention strategies. Conclusions It is imperative to use culturally responsive techniques from the stage of referral through the assessment and into intervention. Clinicians engaging in a culturally responsive practice will help reduce institutional barriers for African Americans using AAC, while also increasing the participation and engagement of both the person who uses AAC and their family communication partners. Evidence-based practices already being implemented for supporting African Americans with communication disorders can be extrapolated to support the specific subgroup who require AAC for functional communication.

“Support People the Way in Which They Want to Be Supported”: Best Practices for Incorporating Client-Centeredness in Representative Payee Programs

Nearly 1 million Social Security beneficiaries have representative payees to manage their funds. Although coercion and paternalism are historically associated with payee services, a recent study showed high satisfaction in a payee program incorporating client-centered practices. Separately we reported ways organizations align payee services with their missions to empower clients and improve outcomes. Here we share results from nine provider qualitative interviews describing client-centered best practices and exploring beliefs regarding their value. We identified four best practices: Shared Decision-Making on Bills and Spending, Non-Paternalistic Substance Use Policies, Client Advocacy, and Additional Service Policies, (changing fee structures, termination policies, incorporating opting in or out, and "graduation"). Results indicate prioritizing clients' goals and agency may improve the quality of life of beneficiaries and reduce the paternalism and coercion historically associated with payee. Creating a client-centered payee toolkit and a payee collaborative may empower organizations to refine their services and provide opportunities for shared learning and support.

Engagement of Occupational Therapy Organizations with Public Policy: A Qualitative Analysis.

Public policy is an important feature of occupational therapy practice. Occupational therapy organizations have a mandate to engage in policy processes to improve the conditions for clients, including the nature of care received. Describe the approaches that Canadian occupational therapy organizations use to engage with and impact public policy. This study used interpretive description methodology. Participants were recruited from Canadian occupational therapy professional organizations. Participants shared their experiences and perspectives on policy engagement through semi-structured interviews. Data was analyzed inductively. Engagement with policy involved reaching out (building relationships, educating practitioners about policy and occupational therapy contributions, and developing statements), and reaching in (consulting with occupational therapists and generating data informing policy). Occupational therapy organizations can share and coordinate approaches to impact public policy and advocate for both clients and the profession. Future research can expand this analysis in other contexts to generate a deeper understanding of engagement.

APPLICABILITY OF LEWIN'S CHANGE MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR OPTIMIZATION MANAGEMENT FUNCTION IN NURSING DELEGATION BETWEEN HEAD NURSE AND TEAM LEADER: A MINI PROJECT IN JAKARTA MILITARY HOSPITAL

The role of nurses in health care systems is diverse, included being a health care provider to clients, client advocates, educators for clients and families, and nursing service managers. One strategy that can be applied in managerial nursing is delegation. The goal of this study was to assess the applicability of Kurt Lewin's change management method to analyse the management function in nursing delegation between head nurse and team leader. This study was conducted in one of the Jakarta Military Hospital by conducting a mini project consisting of case reports using a fishbone diagram approach, solving problems using Plan-Do-Check-Action (PDCA) tools starting with Plan Of Action (POA), implementation, evaluation, and follow-up. The results of the identification showed that the head of the room in carrying out the delegation was not optimal, included documentation in the delegation book that was not optimal, delays in filling, non uniformity in the format of delegation books in the room, and not understanding due to lack of standardization and control from superiors. Guidelines are used as a reference in delegating nursing to the head of the hospital room, and the documentation of nursing delegates is done correctly because delegates work better when the reporting structure is clear. In conclusion, application fishbone diagram, lewin's change management model, and PDCA cycle can optimize management function in nursing delegation between head nurse and team leader in Jakarta Military Hospital. Recommendations are given to the nursing department, head of the room, team leader, and executive nurses to increase self-awareness, knowledge, and ability in delegating nursing.

Precision Livestock Farming in Swine Welfare: A Review for Swine Practitioners.

Simple SummaryThe increasing implementation of technological advances originally developed for video gaming (PlayStation, Xbox) is helping to progress livestock production so that it is both more efficient and more focused on the welfare of the animals. Such advances are necessary to ensure that innovations can emerge from applications using cameras, microphones and sensors to enhance the farmers’ eyes, ears and nose in everyday farming. This technology for remote monitoring of livestock, termed precision livestock farming, is the ability to automatically track individual livestock in real time. The goal of this review is to apprise swine veterinarians and their clientele on precision livestock farming with a general introduction to the technology available, a review of research and commercially available technology and the implications and opportunities for swine practitioners and farmers. Drawing from pig welfare criteria in the Common Swine Industry Audit, this review explains how these applications can be used to improve swine welfare within current pork production stakeholder expectations. Swine veterinarians and specialists, by virtue of their animal advocacy role, interpretation of benchmarking data, and stewardship in regulatory and commodity programs, can play a broader role in facilitating the transfer of precision livestock farming and technology to their clients.The burgeoning research and applications of technological advances are launching the development of precision livestock farming. Through sensors (cameras, microphones and accelerometers), images, sounds and movements are combined with algorithms to non-invasively monitor animals to detect their welfare and predict productivity. In turn, this remote monitoring of livestock can provide quantitative and early alerts to situations of poor welfare requiring the stockperson’s attention. While swine practitioners’ skills include translation of pig data entry into pig health and well-being indices, many do not yet have enough familiarity to advise their clients on the adoption of precision livestock farming practices. This review, intended for swine veterinarians and specialists, (1) includes an introduction to algorithms and machine learning, (2) summarizes current literature on relevant sensors and sensor network systems, and drawing from industry pig welfare audit criteria, (3) explains how these applications can be used to improve swine welfare and meet current pork production stakeholder expectations. Swine practitioners, by virtue of their animal and client advocacy roles, interpretation of benchmarking data, and stewardship in regulatory and traceability programs, can play a broader role as advisors in the transfer of precision livestock farming technology, and its implications to their clients.

Effectiveness of the Advocate's Professional Settings and Responsibilities in Preventing and Eradicating Money Laundering in Indonesia

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness and responsibilities of the Advocate Professional in preventing and combating the crime of money theft. This type of research is qualitative research and uses empirical research methods. The results of this study indicate that the Advocate Professional Arrangement in normative crime prevention and eradication is running effectively, it is proven by the existence of information disclosure from various institutions and law enforcement parties. Professional responsibilities and obligations in money laundering as mandated in Governments Regulation No. 43 of 2015. Advocates as client advocates must be able to show a humanist attitude by positioning the client in his / her actual position because no profession justifies hiding someone's crime.

The Influence of Ethical Codes of Conduct on Professionalism in Tax Practice

Professional integrity is a fundamental principle of the International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants Code of Ethics (IESBA, in Code of ethics for professional accountants, IFAC, New York; IESBA, Code of ethics for professional accountants, IFAC, New York, 2016). This does not apply directly to members of a particular professional body, but rather member organizations from around the globe are required to adopt a code no less stringent than the principles in the IESBA Code. Hence, all professional accountants are required to possess integrity as a core ethical principle. In the USA, certified public accountants must, in addition, also adhere to the principle of client advocacy in relation to their tax clients. Despite extensive prior literature on accounting ethics, firm culture, and ethical codes, no prior research has tested whether the communication of an Integrity ethical standard actually affects practitioners’ actual judgments and decisions. In this study, we use brief interventions to determine whether a prime of two ethical professional standards (Integrity; Advocacy) affects tax practitioners’ recommendations to their clients. One implication for professionalism in tax practice is our finding that a brief intervention of professional standards can directly impact on practitioners’ judgments. Most notably, a joint presentation of Advocacy and Integrity leads to contrasting results that depend on the order of the intervention. In sum, when the Integrity (Advocacy) standard was presented before the Advocacy (Integrity) standard, tax practitioners were significantly less (more) likely to choose a tax-favorable outcome. That is, the order of professional ethical standard intervention significantly affects tax practitioners’ judgments.