386 SEER, 8o, 2, 2002 Vinkovetsky,Ilya, and Schlacks,CharlesJr. (eds).ExodustotheEast. Forebodings andEvents.AnAffirmation oftheEurasians. Translatedby Ilya Vinkovetsky, Catherine Boyle and Kenneth Brostrom,with an afterwordby Nicholas V. Riasanovskyand a bibliographicalessayby Ilya Vinkovetsky.Charles Schlacks Jr., Idyllwild, CA, I996. vi + I85 PP. Notes. Bibliography. Index. $14.95. ILYA VINKOVETSKYand Charles Schlacks,Jr. have done the study of Russian social and political ideas a great service in bringing out the firstfull Englishlanguage and, moreover, well-commented translationof the seminal publication of the Russian-emigre school of thought of Eurasianism,Iskhod k vostoku (Sofia, I92I). The collection's firstpart contains the original Russian book's individual essays, i.e. its general introduction, as well as two articleseach by Petr N. Savitskii, Petr P. Suvchinskii, Georgii V. Florovskii and Nikolai S. Trubetskoion a wide varietyof philosophical, religious,political and social issues including nationalism, protectionism, social stratificationand culture. Attached are a reprint of an older, but still very useful article by Nicholas V. Riasanovsky on the emergence and nature of Eurasianism, and a bibliographical essay of Vinkovetsky on further primary and secondary readings as well as on the revival that Eurasian and pseudo-Eurasian ideas have recently experienced in Russia. The appendix to Vinkovetsky's essay containsfullreferencesto thecollectivepublicationsofthe Eurasianmovement (compendia, periodicals, programmes, etc.), publications of most of the importantthinkersinvolved in Eurasianism(thefourabove mentioned as well as N. N. Alekseev, Ia. A. Bromberg,R. 0. lakobson, L. P. Platonovich, E. D. Khara-Davan, P. N. Malevskii-Malevich,G. N. Polkovnikov,N. P. Toll' and G. V. Vernadskii),contemporaryresponses(by,among others,N. A. Berdiaev, P. Miliukov, F. Stepun or P. Struve),and secondarywritingson, or relatedto, the Eurasians. These combined contributions make this collection a most usefulintroductionto Eurasianism. In view of the ubiquitous use of the term in post-Soviet Russia, it is serviceable not only for students of Russian history, but also researchersof contemporary Russian thought, domestic politics, and foreign policy. In the latter field and especially with regard to Russian policies towardsthe former Soviet republics,'Eurasianism'has become a if not the majorcode-word for various ideologies of post-Soviet fascism, imperialism, integration, and cooperation. As far as the implications of these ideologies must, in spite of their common use of the label 'Eurasianism',be very different,it might have been interesting, perhaps, to elaborate in more detail how far protoprogrammaticpoliticalwritingor aproperpoliticalprogrammeeitherfollows, or modifies, distorts or even abuses classical Eurasianism. Vinkovetsky (PP. 153-54), for instance, makes some revealing indications why Lev N. Gumilev's(I 9 I2- I992) semi-fascisttheoriesorAleksandrDugin's (b. I962) clearlyfascistideology cannot be regardedas being derived from the writings of the classicalEurasians(althoughVinkovetskydoes not classifytheirideas in any way, or call them 'fascist').What they seem to have in common is above all the term 'Eurasianism'. It should be noted, on the other hand, that the classical Eurasians were neither democrats nor liberals. According to Riasanovsky, they 'believed in REVIEWS 387 ideocracy, that is, in the reign of an idea, implemented by a ruling party representing the idea'. They advocated a 'demotic [government], broadly supported by the people and acting in the interests of the people, but not democratic' (p. I 20). Clearly, the classical Eurasians were a group of academics and publicists to be taken more seriouslythan the 'neo-Eurasian' would-be theorists of contemporary Russia. Some of them, in distinction to most of the more extreme 'neo-Eurasians', made a number of widely acknowledged, substantialand even seminal scholarly contributions in such fields as ethnology, linguistics, and history. Nevertheless, a newcomer to Eurasianism,like myself, would have preferreda more explicit argument on what actually makes the political implications of classicalEurasianideas (e.g. their idea of 'ideocracy' or their radical anti-Europeanism) qualitatively different from the ideologies of the above mentioned pseudo-neo-Eurasians (e.g. Dugin's anti-'Atlanticism').Perhaps,this is, however, askingtoo much of this volume which was merely conceived as a general surveyof, and guide to furtherreadingson, the thinkingof the classicalEurasians.In that regard,one should surelycongratulatethe editorson theirexcellent achievement. TheUralsStateUniversity at Yekaterinburg ANDREAS UMLAND Ferfila,Bogomil, and Phillips, Paul. Slovenia. OntheEdgeof theEuropean Union. UniversityPressof America, Lanham,MD, New Yorkand Oxford, 2000. vi + I97 pp. Notes. Tables. Bibliography.Index. $27.50 (paperback). PERHAPS the strongest feature...