러시아의 유라시아주의와 제국의 지정학

Abstract

Currently, East Asia is becoming an arena where the grand state narratives such as China"s "One-Belt-One-Road", Russia"s "Eurasianism", Japan"s "Free and Open Ind-Pacific Strategy" and Korea"s "Northeast Asia Plus Responsibility Community" compete and collide. These grand strategies are conceptualized as the "revival of geopolitics", which multiply the monopoly system of the US supremacy in the era of globalization. The commonality of these "geopolitics" is that they imagine the future development of each country in the expanded framework of "regionalism" linked to geographical adjacency, historical and cultural affinity, economic complementarity. All of these grand strategies assume "Eurasia" as the main geographic space. Russia moving eastward toward the Eurasian Union, China moving westward along the One-Belt, Japan moving north over the arcs connecting the Indian and the Pacific Oceans, Korea hoping to fly from the peninsula to the continent with the wings of peace meet in Eurasia. In principle, these new regionalist initiatives based on Eurasia promise mutual respect and common prosperity among the countries of the region. However, it is questionable whether they can be differentiated from existing geopolitical strategies and whether it will be a new civilizational project that can allow to imagine the post-global capitalism system beyond simple regional economic cooperation. In order to judge this, it is necessary to examine not only the political and economic drivers, but also historio-cultural, philosophical and civilizational origins of them. From these problematics, this article examines this focusing on the case of Russian Eurasianism. To this end, it investigates the classical Eurasianism of the 1920-30s and the neo-Eurasianism after 1990s with the keyword of Russian imperial identity, and examines the meaning of Putin"s pragmatic Eurasianism and the Eurasian Union initiative, and finally illuminates the social consciousness of Russia from the view point of the affections of empire.