Classical Themes Research Articles

Leadership and Entrepreneurship in Tech Start-UPS

The present paper attempts to deal with two classical themes in a new and fresh context. The amount of works on leadership and entrepreneurship is vast, but the authors identified a gap in the research of these concepts in relation with tech start-ups, a domain that developed significantly in the recent period. The authors performed a detailed literature review, followed by an interview with a selected panel of entrepreneurs in Romania. The results of the study highlights few important trends related to the leadership traits of Romanian entrepreneurs. The results also confirmed a positive mindset and attitude which triggers an optimistic outlook for the Romanian entrepreneurial ecosystem.

Постгероическое время: цифровизация, прекариат, квалиметрия

The collective monograph, along with the classical themes of V.A. Kutyrev, contains new themes of his co-authors V.V. Slyusarev and T.M. Khusyainov: transformation of social structures, problems of interaction with virtual assistants, personal self-identification in the information society, labor resources in the context of globalization, opposition to humanism and efficiency in the market. The second theme is the increasing complexity of the information society through speed, data volumes, convergence, and dialogue. Religious differences that have fundamentally differentiated ethnic groups for so many centuries are a thing of the past. Differentiation of consumption styles, the ecological load on the biosphere and the capacity of the habitat; these are the current antinomies of man and technology. The paper deals with the effects of current social dynamics, in particular, the increasing processes of precarization, the accelerating pace of life and population growth. Stable employment, sustainable development, wisdom, conservative values; all of this is offered as a sacrifice to civilization, gamification, informatization and together constitutes a society of risk. Can we talk about human consumption by Technos? Isn't this black slug on the cover of the monograph yet another philosophical hypostatized metaphor? It would be correct to say that in conditions of overproduction of people, we need equipment for more efficient production. Without it, we cannot remain human. Technology helped us to leave a purely biological state and become sapient, civilized. Artificial intelligence, neural networks, robotics, blockchain (data processing distribution), 5G standard, big data, internet of things, cloud computing, 3D printing, augmented reality; these are not monster technologies, transhumanist actors, but something that can provide promising employment to millions of people. The problem of unemployment in post-industrial society is already becoming global, because humanity has reached the limits of development. The rapid precarization of the population is proof of this. The mass of people on the planet cannot find normal employment with social guarantees. So maybe we need to thank tech? The review ends with such an ambiguous conclusion.

“Dangerous modernity!”, or the shadow play of modernity and its characters: instrumental rationality - money - technology (part 1)

The article is an essay on the critical analysis of one of the fundamental issues of social theory of the 19th - 20th centuries - alienation and its manifestations in modern societies. Alienation is interpreted not in one of its special meanings (such as alienation of labor, etc.), but in the broadest way - as the transformation of products of individual and collective activities into an independent force that subjugates a person and transfers him from the position of the subject to the position of the object of social relations. Such a definition makes alienation a universal feature of social life. However, in different societies and in different historical periods, alienation can have variable specific forms. The historically specific manifestations of alienation in modern societies can be explained by referring to the classical theme of their genesis. The originality of their institutional organization is largely associated with the originality of their culture and spiritual life (in particular, with the radical demarcation between human and nature, subject and object in the modern era). The multifaceted phenomenon of scientific and technical rationality, the product of the post-Renaissance Western-European culture, becomes a source of social realities and practices fraught with alienation. The article illustrates it by a number of examples, including the logic and mechanisms of the capitalist money economy. The author refers to the heritage of world philosophy and social thought, which problematized and conceptualized the considered issues in various ways: the Frankfurt School, existentialist philosophers, pillars of theoretical sociology - Karl Marx and Georg Simmel.

Política e Cultura na América Latina

The main section of this and future editions will be thematic. We seek to publish articles from different methodologies and approaches on the same topic, thus creating a brief and succinct Dossier. The inaugural theme of this section is Politics and Culture in Latin America. Current discussions such as the situation of democracy in Venezuela during the Chavista era, and the current situation of far-right movements, mainly integralists, or even a reflection on the role of NGOs in Latin America are exposed concomitantly with classic themes from social sciences such as a historical analysis of the Comintern's interference in pecebist thought. However, we still maintain a space dedicated to discussions that belong to or dialogue with the four lines of our postgraduate program. This is the central feature of the Miscellaneous section. We also opened a Special section dedicated to the publication of unpublished or difficult-to-access texts, or even transcriptions of conferences, lectures, etc. of renowned intellectuals in the social sciences, as long as the legal norms for reproduction and publication of such texts are respected. In view of this, no matter how hard we work, this section will not always appear in our Journal.

The folds of the world: An essay on Mesoamerican textile topology

This article explores a Mesoamerican topology based on the figure of the fold. It argues that the operation of folding represents a crucial concept for understanding indigenous cosmology and ontology. The fold is what allows the separation and articulation of the two domains into which the indigenous cosmos is divided: the solar state, extensive and discrete, which humans and other ordinary beings inhabit, and the intensive, virtual sphere, where spirits dwell. In turn, the fold refers to textiles, which likely represent a basic model for invention and transformation in Mesoamerican cultures. The article examines certain classical themes in Mesoamerican anthropology in light of this topology: a human being’s make-up, ritual operations, folding of the body, the sacred bundles, and the substance of time. At a more general level, this work is an attempt to contribute to what could be called an Amerindian transformational topology, a kind of imagination where certain “forms” or “figures” reappear in different domains of the world as transformations one of another.

Multiple Fourier series and lattice point problems

For the multiple Fourier series of the periodization of some radial functions on Rd, we investigate the behavior of the spherical partial sum. We show the Gibbs-Wilbraham phenomenon, the Pinsky phenomenon and the third phenomenon for the multiple Fourier series, involving the convergence properties of them. The third phenomenon is closely related to the lattice point problems, which is a classical theme of the analytic number theory. We also prove that, for the case of two or three dimensions, the convergence problem on the Fourier series is equivalent to the lattice point problems in a sense. In particular, the convergence problem at the origin in two dimensions is equivalent to Hardy's conjecture on Gauss's circle problem.

Writing Self, Writing Empire: Chandar Bhan Brahman and the Cultural World of the Indo-Persian State Secretary

Writing Self, Writing Empire: Chandar Bhan Brahman and the Cultural World of the Indo-Persian State Secretary

On Neddy Merril’s Crisis of Masculinity in The Swimmer

The Swimmer is one of John Cheever’s best known stories. It presents the classic theme of quest and journey. This paper focuses on the protagonist Neddy’s swimming journey, probes into his intense longing for masculinity, scrutinizes the nature and causes of his masculinity crisis relating to the postwar conceptions of class, gender and patriarchy norms combined with structural economic changes and the increasing autonomy of women, and reveals Cheever’s deep concern about white middle class male’s dilemma so as to offer some inspiration for resolving modern spiritual crisis.

Tip Vortex Cavitation and Induced Noise Characteristics of Hydrofoils

Tip vortex cavitation is one of the most classical themes in fluid mechanics. Although many experimental and theoretical studies have been performed, unsolved problems still remain. In particular, the trailing vortices at the tip of the hydrofoil directly affects the hydrodynamic and acoustic performance of submerged objects such as the marine propeller, rudder and various foil-shaped appendages of the ship. In this study, the experimental results from the measurements of the vortex cavitation from the tip of two different three-dimensional hydrofoils are presented. Experiments have been carried out in Chungnam National University-Cavitation Tunnel (CNU-CT). By high speed imaging technique, the development process of vortex cavitation is observed in detail. Based on the high-speed images, physical features of the cavity inception and the swirling motion of the tip vortex cavity flow are examined. In addition, the induced noise characteristics in the vortex development process are examined by unsteady pressure measurements. The forces exerted on the hydrofoil were also measured using a dynamometer with a view to verify the scaling relation between the inception cavitation number and the non-dimensional parameters namely, the coefficient of lift, CL and the Reynolds number, Re. The results further shed light on the cause of the intense noise induced by tip vortex cavitation.

Сонет як вишуканий стиль творів неокласиків

. The study is based on the analysis of the genre canon of the sonnet through the prism of reading the events of the 20-33s of the twentieth century, which demonstrates the scale and unusual perception of ancient heritage in the works of M. Rylsky and M. Zerov. The aim of the research is to present a new reading of refined and strict style in Ukrainian literature through the prism of the creative genius of Ukrainian neoclassicists of the first third of the last century. Materials and methods of research. Historical and culturological approaches are used in the work to understand the depth of artistic thinking and literary heritage of the Ukrainian neoclassical school. The sonnets by M. Rylsky and M. Zerov differ. Rylsky allowed deviations from the metric tone, rhyming is not always canonical. The works of M. Zerov mostly need at least a brief explanation of historical and cultural realities, names, because they are less related to modernity than Rylsky’s sonnets. They echo more with antiquity. M. Rylsky, dedicating a poem to M. Zerov, did not follow his translational style; he was not a strict copyist of ancient standards, but became a real innovator, who created unique and yet very simple, natural, transparent forms based on ancient, Ukrainian and Russian classical themes. The genre canon of the sonnet implies conceptuality. Іt is a balance between the stable and the variable, a dialogue with yourself, with the world; this is the beauty of dramatic trembles of poetic content. Finally, this is a distinctive stylistic thinking which attracts primarily the poets of the rationalist mindset.

Mapping the structure of interpreting studies in China (1996–2019) through co-word analysis

ABSTRACT This paper visually and quantifiably maps the structure of interpreting studies in China between 1996 and 2019 through co-word analysis, including clustering and strategic analyses. Based on clustering analysis, five major research themes in interpreting studies – indexed by clusters of high-frequency keywords – are identified in this timeframe: the interpreting product, interpreting theories, the interpreting process, norms in interpreting and interpreting pedagogy. With strategic analysis, the internal structures of these themes, their respective positions in the research network and their possible future evolution are analyzed. Research on the interpreting product was both internally coherent and central to the entire network, thus it is expected to exhibit vigorous growth. The theme of interpreting theories was underdeveloped and peripheral, but its interaction with other themes was not the weakest, suggesting that its contribution to interpreting research overall was not minimal. Research on the ‘classic themes’ of the interpreting process and interpreting pedagogy is mature, but its interactions with other themes are limited. It is important to stretch these research dimensions for further growth. Finally, the study of norms in interpreting was central in the network but underexplored, indicating its importance in unifying the network but its weak ability to sustain its own development.

Gender and the Monarchy in Belgium: Succession and the Exercise of Constitutional and Symbolic Power

This article explores the gendered dimensions of the Belgian monarchy by focusing on three distinct topics. First, the article addresses the matter of succession to the throne. In Belgium, the exclusion of women from succeeding to the monarchy came to an end in 1991, but the first female monarch has yet to ascend to the throne. Next, the article examines the gendered dimensions of the way in which Belgium’s recent monarchs have exercised their role. As the King’s political role is limited, this article also considers the symbolic role of the King, which carries over to his private and family life. After the crisis known as the “royal issue” in the early 1950s, there has been only one constitutional crisis in Belgium that directly involved the monarchy: the refusal of King Boudewijn (Baudouin/Baldwin) to assent to the law legalizing abortion in 1990. The refusal concerned not only the exercise of the constitutional role of the monarch, but also a key issue of the women’s movement, and this article examines the development and significance of this crisis. Finally, the article analyses the current controversy concerning the refusal of the former king, Albert II, to recognize an extramarital daughter. Men’s refusal to take on responsibility for (some of) the children they father is a classical theme of feminist indignation. Arguably, the former king’s attitude on this matter in his private and family life affects the symbolic power of the monarchy.

O ano em que a terra parou: o coronavírus e os novos caminhos da teoria social

Com a chegada de novos desafios em 2020, os cientistas sociais trilham dois caminhos interessantes, criativos, embora muitas vezes contraditórios entre si. De um lado, aqueles que incorporam os novos obstáculos dentro de ferramentas e temas clássicos, transformando o inédito em algo previsível, o estranho em familiar, e, do outro, aqueles que apostam na ideia de que as ciências sociais encontraram, em 2020, um limite, uma fronteira, além de uma oportunidade para repensar muitas das suas abordagens O objetivo desse ensaio, portanto, é entender um pouco os contornos dessa segunda abordagem, aqui chamada de Teoria Social Alternativa (T.S.A), além de sugerir suas implicações quando o assunto é o Coronavírus e suas consequências.

DE NARCISO A ORFEO. ALTERIDAD NARRATIVA Y ESPECTATORIAL EN TWIN PEAKS. THE RETURN DE DAVID LYNCH

Resumen: Este artículo propone un estudio de la alteridad y la ficción en la serie Twin Peaks. The Return. Realizaremos un estudio de las decisiones formales y narrativas como procesos de significación, con el análisis fílmico y narratológico como herramienta. El trabajo se centra en la construcción del punto de vista y la identificación del espectador. El motivo de los mundos y figuras duplicadas desarrollado por David Lynch en su cine alcanza su acmé en la ficción televisiva. Además, estas ideas se materializan en la revisión de dos de los mitos clásicos sobre la relación con el Otro: Orfeo y Narciso.Abstract: This paper consists on a study of alterity and fiction in Twin Peaks. The Return. It will discuss the formal and narrative decisions as forms of signification, using film and narratological analysis. This research will pay attention to the construction of the point of view and to the identification of the spectator towards these images. The classical themes on lynchean films, such as alternative and duplicate worlds and figures, sublimate in TV fiction. Moreover, these ideas are represented by reinterpreting two myths related to the Other: Orpheus and Narcissus.

К ВОПРОСУ ОБ АНТИЧНЫХ СЮЖЕТАХ В ИСКУССТВЕ ДОМОНГОЛЬСКОЙ РУСИ

A narrow range of Byzantine texts, primarily chronographic ones, containing classical themes and images, were translated in Russia starting from the 11th century.These texts became the literary basis of secular and ecclesiastic art. Several iconographic motifs from mythological stories and the “Ascension of Alexander the Great” entered the art of pre-Mongol Russian. Byzantium was the main source of the antique elements in Old Russian culture. Some motifs were also adopted in Old Russia from Romanesque art, through close contact with Western Europe. The tradition of using ancient subjects for the decoration of churches in relief, which was widespread both in Byzantine and in Romanesque art, was continued in Russian monuments. Сlassical subjects on the walls of churches served as apotropaic images, but their symbolism could also include other aspects. Antique motifs are encountered even in the frescoes of monastery churches which followed a strict, ascetic iconographic programme in spite of the general orientation of Old Russian art towards the monastic culture of Byzantium. The author deals with the problem of specific samples. It is unlikely that objects of applied art could have served as models for church sculpture.

Antiquity for Connoisseurs: Animals with Classical Pedigree in the Emblems of The Theatrum Memoriae Nobilis ac Almae Societatis Unitorum

The Theatrum Memoriae Nobilis ac Almae Societatis Unitorum or the Album of the Ljubljana Noble Society of St Dismas (Archive of the Republic of Slovenia, ref. AS 1073, I/1), is a monument of great cultural value which unequivocally reflects the intellectual milieu of Ljubljana at the time of its dynamic renewal in the late 17th and early 18th century. It is the most outstanding illuminated manuscript of the early modern period that survives in Slovenia, as well as a treasury of hand painted emblems created for academy members. The article focuses on animal symbolism with origins in Greek and Roman Antiquity. The abundance of animals in the illuminations of the Album clearly indicates their importance in the iconography of the emblems and demonstrates the patrons’ interest in animal symbolism. The emblems fall into three main categories: (1) the first group consists of animal motifs with an apparent origin in Greco-Roman culture, well-known literary sources and/or an established tradition in the visual art of Classical Antiquity; (2) the second demonstrates more sophistication in handling themes from Greco-Roman animal lore: the classical origin of animal symbolism is less manifest and it may take some effort to identify; (3) the third group is characterized by a highly skilled and sophisticated treatment of the motifs from Classical Antiquity as well as the interesting iconography. Many of them actually appear to have no reference to Greco-Roman culture whatsoever because the allusion is particularly refined. The author shows the characteristics of this group by the emblem made for Siegfrid Bonaventura von Werthenthal, featuring an original image of Bucephalus. The author points out that the ambitious members of St Dismas Society designed their individual emblems as witty demonstrations of erudition for their learned colleagues and for posterity. The complexity of the emblems proves that many patrons were well aware of Paolo Giovio’s idea of buona impresa which (as stated in his Dialogo dell’imprese militari et amorose), must not to be too obscure, in a way that it would take the wisdom of a Sybil to understand it, nor should it be so clear as to be understood by any plebeian. In this context, the patron’s familiarity with Greco-Roman Antiquity and his sophistication in dealing with classical themes was not only consistent with the prevailing intellectual trend, it was also a matter of personal prestige.

Gregson Davis and the Katabasis of Translation

The focus of this paper are the themes and principles informing Gregson Davis’s innovative 2017 translation of Aimé Césaire’s, Cahier d’un retour au pays natal. For long, the poem’s title was translated as Notebook of a Return to the Native Land, but Davis renders it as Journal of a Homecoming. To understand this and other highly nuanced changes, I argue that it is necessary to keep in mind at least five crucial aspects that guide Davis’s translation. First is the open-ended nature of his approach to translating this particular poem. This approach is necessary because the poem is about the unfinished and still ongoing process of decolonization. Second, is the principle of committed listening, which is a mode of reading and translating that involves a complex series of returns, revisions, and re-evaluations. Third, is the motif of katabasis or the journey to the underworld, which for Davis is an important metaphorical frame operating in the poem. Fourth, is nostos or a homecoming, because the journey to the underworld requires a homecoming. These classic archetypal themes introduce a vertical dimension to the journey back from the underworld that makes a spiral out of the linearity of historical/postcolonial time. Fifth, is granularity. A granular translator must keep re-evaluating what to prioritize as a new translation of a word must open up spaces for new images to appear in the poem. This is indeed the granularity of Davis’ thought-provoking translation. Taken together, these aspects account for the excellence of Davis’s translation.

ARRESTO E MOVIMENTO, ORGANICITÀ E ASTRAZIONE.MORFOGENESI E CANONI FIGURATIVI NELLA STATUARIA MESOPOTAMICA DEL III MILLENNIO A.C.

‘Arrest and movement’ by Henriette Antonia Groenewegen-Frankfort and ‘Organicità e astrazione’ by Ranuccio Bianchi Bandinelli remain two essays from the 1950s that are still fundamental for investigating the transformation of the works of art because they outline the passage from mythopoeic thought to western logos, or to realism and abstraction as expressions of creativity in the Modern Age. This distinction and passage reveal all the complexity of the relationship between the East, realm of the ‘symbolic’ and the West of ‘rationality’ conceived by Hegelian aesthetics. However the cognitive sciences today also offer the opportunity to analyze the formation of a figurative context by integrating the two approaches. In this contribution the two approaches are the perspectives from which to investigate a classic theme of Archeology andthe Art History of the ancient Near East: the morphogenesis of Mesopotamian statues of the 3rd millennium BC

Continuity and Rupture: Comparative Literature and the Latin Tradition

Studies of the Latin tradition played a major role in the formation of Comparative Literature as a discipline. In spite of their shared origins, the disciplines of Neo-Latin studies and Comparative Literature are today rarely brought into dialogue with one another. This article argues that such dialogues can be mutually productive, and that Neo-Latin literature exemplifies, and itself engages with, some of the key problems at issue in the latest dispensations of Comparative Literature. Ideas of cosmopolitanism and transnationalism, of bilingualism and the dynamic interactions between languages, energized Neo-Latin writing (and energize Neo-Latin studies today). Writers in the post-classical Latin tradition devoted great efforts to working through many of the problems and dichotomies that interest comparatists today: from defining the ‘literary’, to asking what it means for literary forms and a literary language to cross historical, cultural, and national borders. Using the classical theme of recusatio (‘refusal’) as a case study, I explore the ways in which Neo-Latin writers thematized in their writing a sense of the continuity and universality of literature which was nevertheless always threatened by rupture and fragmentation.

Trickster hospitality: A Moroccan escalation act

ABSTRACT Bringing into conversation classic themes of scalar play, risk, and ambiguity in the anthropology of hospitality with the focus on scalar movement and growth at the heart of the concept of ‘escalation’, this paper explores the social mechanics of a sudden change of scale, where the terms of (welcome or unwelcome) exchange are abruptly escalated with expected and unexpected consequences for all involved. Tracing how expectations of hospitality are niftily escalated by an uninvited guest in a Moroccan household, I focus on the conditions and consequences of the ‘change of change’ of escalations, where an abrupt change of scale can radically transform situations and events. Attending to the complex scalar work of a specific escalation act, I trace the constitutive ambiguity of hospitality and the conceptual openness it requires.